Part 45

─────────────┬───────────────────┬───────────────────┬─────────────────── │ 1914 │ 1915 │ 1916 ─────────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬───────── │Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment. ─────────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼───────── Infantry. │ │Ers. │45 Mixed │23 Ers. │45 Mixed │23 Ers. │ │ Btns.: │ Ers. │ │ Ers. │ │45 Mixed │45 and │ │32 Ers. │ │32 Ers. │ Ers. │ 46. │ │ │ │ │ │63 and │47 Mixed │47 and 48│47 Mixed │24 Ers. │ │ 64. │ Ers. │ (Brig. │ Ers. │ │ │ │ │ Ers. │ │ │ │ │ │ Btns.).│ │ │47 Mixed │47 and │ │ │ │40 Ers. │ Ers. │ 48. │ │ │ │ │ │88 and │ │88 and 89│ │ │ │ 89. │ │ (Brig. │ │ │ │ │ │ Ers. │ │ │ │ │ │ Btns.).│ │ ─────────────┼─────────┴─────────┼─────────┴─────────┼─────────┴───────── Cavalry. │ │ │4 and 5 Sqns. 19 │ │ │ Hus. Rgt. │ │ │ │ │ │ ─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Artillery. │1 Ers. Abtls. of │1 Ers. Abtls. of 28│45 Ers. F. A. Rgt. │ the 28 and 48 F. │ and 48 F. A. │ │ A. Rgts. │ Rgts. │ │1 Ers. Abtls. of 32│1 Ers. Abtls. of 32│47 Ers. F. A. Rgt. │ and 77 F. A. │ and 77 F. A. │ │ │ Rgts. │ ─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Engineers and│1 Ers. Co. 12 │1 Ers. Co. 12 │1 Ers. Co. 12 Liaisons. │ Pions. │ Pions. │ Pions. │1 Ers. Co. 22 │1 Ers. Co. 22 │1 Ers. Co. 22 │ Pions. │ Pions. │ Pions. │ │254 Pion. Co. │254 Pion. Co. │ │ │ │ │ │88 Res. Pion. Co. │ │ │164 T. M. Co. │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Medical and │ │ │ Veterinary.│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Transports. │ │ │ ─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Attached. │5 Bav. Ldw. Brig. │5 Bav. Ldw. Brig. │21 Labor Btn. │ (4 Bav. Ldw. and │ (4 Bav. Ldw., 5 │ │ 5 Bav. Ldw. │ Bav. Ldw., and 60│ │ Rgts.) │ Res. Rgts.). │ │ │100 Ldw. Inf. Rgt. │85 Labor Btn. │ │9 Jag. Btn. │4 Btn. 15 Ldw. Rgt. │ │ │ (Until April.) │ │ │60 Res. Inf. Rgt. │ │ │100 Ldw. Inf. Rgt. │ │ │ (Until October.) ─────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────

─────────────┬───────────────────┬─────────────────── │ 1917 │ 1918 ─────────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬───────── │Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment. ─────────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼───────── Infantry. │45 Ers. │23 Ers. │45 Ers. │23 Ers. │ │ │ │ │ │24 Ers. │ │24 Ers. │ │ │ │ │ │32 Ers. │ │32 Ers. │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ─────────────┼─────────┴─────────┼─────────┴───────── Cavalry. │5 Sqn. 19 Hus. Rgt.│5 Sqn. 19 Hus. Rgt. │ │ │1 Ers. Sqn. 12 C. │ │ List. │ ─────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Artillery. │47 Ers. F. A. Rgt. │47 Ers. F. A. Rgt. │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ─────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Engineers and│519 Pion. Btn.: │519 Pion. Btn.: Liaisons. │ │ │ 1 Ers. Co. 12 │ 1 Ers. Co. 12 │ Pions. │ Pions. │ 1 Ers. Co. 22 │ 1 Ers. Co. 22 │ Pions. │ Pions. │ 254 Pion. Co. │ 164 T. M. Co. │ 164 T. M. Co. │ 1 Searchlight │ │ Section. │ 253 Searchlight │569 Signal Command: │ Section. │ │ 569 Tel. Detch. │ 569 Tel. Detch. │ │ 47 Wireless Detch. ─────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Medical and │272 Ambulance Co. │272 Ambulance Co. Veterinary.│ │ │506 Field Hospital.│506 Field Hospital. │507 Field Hospital.│518 Vet. Hospital. │Vet. Hospital. │ ─────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Transports. │M. T. Col. │766 M. T. Col. ─────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Attached. │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ─────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────

HISTORY.

(12th and 19th Corps Districts—Saxony.)

1914.

VOSGES.

1. The 19th Ersatz Division (Saxon) detrained on August 18, 1914, before Strassburg. In action in the Vosges on the 20th, it went up the valley of the Bruche and fought on the Meurthe below St. Die, at St. Michel, and advanced to La Salle (Sept. 6).

LORRAINE.

2. Having suffered in these engagements, the division was withdrawn. On September 19 it was in the Blamont area, where it was reenforced by the 5th Bavarian Landwehr Brigade. It occupied the sector of Blamont-Ember- Menil-Parroy.

1915.

LORRAINE.

1. In 1915, and until October, 1916, it guarded the same front in Lorraine (from the canal of the Marne to the Rhine as far as the Cirey area).

2. About the month of April the 100th Landwehr was reattached to the division, the battalions of which were grouped in July into 4 Ersatz Regiments (Nos. 23, 32, 24, 40).

1916.

LORRAINE.

1. During its stay in Lorraine the 19th Ersatz Division was not engaged in any serious fighting. The 23d Ersatz alone took part in the affair of Thiaville, February 28, 1916.

COTES DE MEUSE.

2. Relieved in the area of Badonviller-Leintrey, at the beginning of October, 1916, the 19th Ersatz Division was reduced to three regiments (23d, 32d, 24th Ersatz) and sent to the Briey area (Oct. 8) and from there to Verdun (sector of Watronville-Damloup).

1917.

COTES DE MEUSE.

1. The 19th Ersatz Division remained in the same sector of the Cotes de Meuse for almost all of the year 1917. It lost very slightly.

2. Withdrawn from the sector Moranville-Watronville about November, the division was sent to rest in the Longwy area.

BEZONVAUX.

3. About December 8, it was assembled and sent to Spincourt where, on December 11, it went into line north of Bezonvaux.

RECRUITING.

The 19th Ersatz Division is recruited from the Kingdom of Saxony.

VALUE—1917 ESTIMATE.

The 19th Ersatz Division remained in Lorraine for a long time; it did not take part in any serious battles. After October, 1916, it only occupied quiet sectors on the Cotes de Meuse.

It can not be considered as an attack division.

1918.

1. The division occupied the quiet Beaumont sector until June 30, when it was put at rest near Longuyon until July 11. During this time the division was given training to fit it for a war of movement. On July 16 it was moved to the Rheims front. Entrained at Montmedy on the 12th, the division reached Nouvion Porcien the next day, and went by stages to Bermericourt (northeast of Rheims), where it rested in reserve. On the 17th it moved to the vicinity of Rozoy.

BATTLE OF THE AISNE AND MARNE.

2. From July 20 to 31 the division was engaged in severe fighting at Plessier-Huleu and Grand Rozoy.

3. It rested near Marle until the 21st of August undergoing reconstruction. It entrained on that date at Voyenne and reached La Fere the next day, from where it marched to Barisis and Folembray.

BATTLE OF THE AILETTE.

4. The division entered the line in the Quierzy-Manicamp-Champs area on August 23. It sustained a French attack on the 28th, losing nearly 500 prisoners. The division was withdrawn on September 3.

5. The division was moved by train from Voyenne to Haboudange via Marle, Montcornet, Sedan, Montmedy, Longuyon, Audun le Roman, Thionville, Metz, and Benestroff. It marched to Hampont to the Huhnerwald Camp, where it rested until September 15.

LORRAINE.

6. It entered line at Arracourt on the 15th and occupied that quiet sector until the end of hostilities.

VALUE—1918 ESTIMATE.

The division was rated as third class. In 1918 it saw but two weeks’ service on an active front.

19th Landwehr Division.

COMPOSITION.

─────────────┬───────────────────┬───────────────────┬─────────────────── │ 1916 │ 1917 │ 1918 ─────────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬───────── │Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment. ─────────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼───────── Infantry. │91 Res. │383 Ldw. │91 Res. │383 Ldw. │ │383 Ldw. │ │385 Ldw. │ │385 Ldw. │ │385 Ldw. │ │388 Ldw. │ │388 Ldw. │ │ ─────────────┼─────────┴─────────┼─────────┴─────────┼─────────┴───────── Cavalry. │ │ (?) │2 Sqn. 6 Res. Hus. │ │ │ Rgt. ─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Artillery. │281 F. A. Rgt. │Art. Command: │ │ │ 91 F. A. Rgt. │ ─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Engineers and│ │(419) Pion. Btn.: │519 Signal Command: Liaisons. │ │ │ │ │ 303 Pion. Co. │ 519 Tel. Detch. │ │ 319 T. M. Co. │ │ │ Tel. Detch. │ ─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Medical and │ │226 Ambulance Co. │226 Ambulance Co. Veterinary.│ │ │ │ │396 Field Hospital.│396 Field Hospital. │ │91 Res. Field │10 Field Hospital. │ │ Hospital. │ │ │519 Vet. Hospital. │ ─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Transports. │ │788 M. T. Col. │788 M. T. Col. ─────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────

HISTORY.

(383d Landwehr Regiment: 3d Corps District—Brandenburg. 385th Landwehr Regiment: 7th Corps District—Westphalia. 388th Landwehr Regiment: 12th Corps District—Saxony.)

1916.

BELGIUM.

1. The 19th Landwehr Division was formed at the same time as the divisions of the 200 Series (September-October, 1916). It was formed at Cortemarck on September 29, 1916, by the union of the 383d, 385th, and 388th Landwehr Regiments. These were made up of Landsturm battalions (Service of Supplies) of the 4th Army in Belgium, to which were added returned wounded. The 3d Battalion of the 388th Landwehr Regiment (Saxon) is the old 4th Battalion of the 100th Landwehr.

DIXMUDE.

2. In the beginning of October, 1916, the 19th Landwehr Division replaced the 204th Division in the Dixmude-Steenstraat sector. It remained there more than a year.

1917.

RUSSIA.

1. Relieved from the Dixmude front about the middle of October, 1917, the 19th Landwehr Division was transferred to Russia at the beginning of November.

RIGA.

2. Arriving in the Riga area about November 15, it went into line near the coast.

VALUE—1917 ESTIMATE.

The 19th Landwehr Division is made up either of elderly soldiers or those of mediocre physical strength, forming a body of men incapable, it appears, of an offensive effort.

In Belgium, however, the division organized an assault troop capable of making assaults.

1918.

LIVONIA.

1. The 19th Landwehr Division was identified on the shores of the Baltic in March. The 383d Landwehr Regiment was at Libau on May 8; the 385th Landwehr Regiment at Riga on the 15th.

FINLAND.

2. Toward the end of July all three regiments of the division were identified in Finland, but seem to have gone to Esthonia by August, where they were again identified in October.

VALUE—1918 ESTIMATE.

The division was rated as fourth class.

20th Division.

COMPOSITION.

─────────────┬───────────────────┬───────────────────┬─────────────────── │ 1914 │ 1915 │ 1916 ─────────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬───────── │Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment. ─────────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼───────── Infantry. │39. │79. │39. │79. │40. │77. │ │164. │ │164. │ │79. │40. │77. │40. │77. │ │92. │ │92. │ │92. │ │ ─────────────┼─────────┴─────────┼─────────┴─────────┼─────────┴───────── Cavalry. │17 Hus. Rgt. (3 │ │17 Hus. Rgt. (2 │ Sqns.). │ │ Sqns.). ─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Artillery. │20 Brig.: │20 Brig.: │20 Brig.: │ 10 F. A. Rgt. │ 10 F. A. Rgt. │ 10 F. A. Rgt. │ 46 F. A. Rgt. │ 46 F. A. Rgt. │ 46 F. A. Rgt. │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Engineers and│ │1 Pion. Btn. No. │1 Pion. Btn. No. Liaisons. │ │ 10: │ 10: │ │ Field Co. 10 │ 2 Co. 10 Pions. │ │ Pions. │ │ │ 20 Pont. Engs. │ 20 T. M. Co. │ │ 20 Tel. Detch. │ 20 Tel. Detch. │ │ │ 20 Pont. Engs. │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Medical and │ │ │ Veterinary.│ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Transports. │ │ │ ─────────────┼───────────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Attached. │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ─────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────

─────────────┬───────────────────┬─────────────────── │ 1917 │ 1918 ─────────────┼─────────┬─────────┼─────────┬───────── │Brigade. │Regiment.│Brigade. │Regiment. ─────────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┼───────── Infantry. │40. │77. │40. │77. │ │79. │ │79. │ │92. │ │92. │ │ │ │ ─────────────┼─────────┴─────────┼─────────┴───────── Cavalry. │5 Sqn. 17 Hus. Rgt.│5 Sqn. 17 Hus. Rgt. │ │ ─────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Artillery. │20 Art. Command: │20 Art. Command: │ 46 F. A. Rgt. │ 46 F. A. Rgt. │ │ 155 Ft. A. Btn. │ │ 813 Light Am. Col. │ │ 921 Light Am. Col. │ │ 1339 Light Am. │ │ Col. ─────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Engineers and│(1/10 or 127) Pion.│10 Pion. Btn.: Liaisons. │ Btn.: │ │ 2 Co. 10 Pions. │ 2 Co. 10 Pions. │ │ │ 3 Co. 10 Pions. │ 3 Co. 10 Pions. │ 20 T. M. Co. │ 20 T. M. Co. │ (296) Searchlight │ 90 Searchlight │ Section. │ Section. │ 20 Tel. Detch. │ 20 Signal Command: │ │ 20 Tel. Detch. │ │ 83 Wireless Detch. ─────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Medical and │24 Ambulance Co. │24 Ambulance Co. Veterinary.│ │ │Field Hospital. │100 Field Hospital. │Vet. Hospital. │93 Field Hospital. │ │20 Vet. Hospital. ─────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Transports. │ │553 M. T. Col. ─────────────┼───────────────────┼─────────────────── Attached. │3 Gleiwitz Landst. │ │ Depot │ │Btn. (6 C. Dist. │ │ Btn. No. 26). │ ─────────────┴───────────────────┴───────────────────

HISTORY.

(10th Corps District—Hanover and Brunswick.)

1914.

The 20th Division and the 19th Division formed the 10th Army Corps (Hanover).

FRANCE.

1. At the outbreak of the war the 20th Division went to the Elsenborn Camp, August 8–10, and entered Belgium on the 11th. It was a part, with the 10th Corps, of the 2d Army (Von Buelow). It fought at Charleroi, at Guise, at St. Quentin. It took part in the battle of the Marne from September 6 to 9 (Congy, Mondement), after which it retired by way of Neufchâtel sur Aisne to the northwest of Rheims. It took up its position between the Aisne and Brimont.

1915.

At the beginning of 1915 it was still holding the lines in the vicinity of Rheims. At the end of March the 164th Infantry Regiment was transferred to the 111th Division (new formation).

GALICIA.

2. At the end of April, with its regiments raised to four battalions each, the 20th Division (as well as the 19th Division) was sent to Galacia, where it took part in the operation of Mackensen’s army. It lost very heavily there. From July 28 to September 23 the 11th Company of the 77th Infantry Regiment received at least 133 men as replacements.

FRANCE.

3. Brought back to France in September, the 20th Division took part, in the month of October, in the battles in the Champagne.

4. From November, 1915, to June, 1916, it held a sector north of the Aisne (west of Craonne).

1916.

RUSSIA.

1. On June 8, 1916, the 20th Division, with all of the 10th Army Corps, was transferred again to the Eastern Front. In four days it arrived in the Kovel area by way of Berlin and Brest Litowsk.

2. On June 13 it was engaged in stopping the Russian advance and then occupied a sector near Kiselin. Its regiments were filled up in September and October.

From June to November the losses of the 92d Infantry Regiment had averaged 160 men per company. (Statements of deserters.) This is the number of the replacements received during the same period by the 9th Company of the 77th Infantry Regiment.

FRANCE.

3. The 20th Division was relieved on November 11 and entrained on the 15th for France. Itinerary: Warsaw-Kalich-Berlin-Dusseldorf-Aix la Chapelle-Liége-Namur. Billeted first in the area of Anor Hirson, the 20th Division was sent to the Sissonne Camp, where its regiments received training.

4. At the end of December the division took over the sector of Moulin sous Touvent, Chevillecourt, where it was relieved on January 30, 1917.

1917.

1. In February, 1917, the 20th Division was transferred to Alsace (Sundgau) in anticipation of a French offensive.

2. In the beginning of March it was brought back to the Laon area, where it was billeted until the French attack of April 16; its regiments received some replacements.

CHEMIN DES DAMES.

3. In the night of April 16 all the units of the division were assembled. On April 17–18 they took their positions along the plateau of the Chemin des Dames on both sides of Cerny en Laonnois, relieving the 16th Reserve Division, which had suffered heavy losses. Between April 18 and May 5 the three regiments of the 20th Division suffered heavy losses from bombardments. On May 5 (renewal of the general attack by the French) the division again lost heavily. It was relieved immediately after the attack. (Apr. 27 to Aug. 10, the 10th Company of the 77th Infantry Regiment had received not less than 211 men as replacements.)

4. After a few weeks of rest, the division was put into line (end of May) in a sector of Champagne (Moronvilliers).

RUSSIA.

5. In the beginning of July it was relieved and transferred for a third time to the Russian front, first in Galicia and then in Courland. It remained there until September 19. At this date it entrained at Riga and was brought back to France by way of Chavli, Kovno, Grodno, Bromberg, Berlin, Hanover, Cologne, Aix la Chapelle, Mons, Valenciennes.