Heraldry for Craftsmen & Designers

CHAPTER XIII

Chapter 178,374 wordsPublic domain

TUDOR AND LATER HERALDRY

Decorative Heraldry of the Reign of Henry VIII; The Decadent Change in the Quality of Heraldry; Examples of Elaborated Arms; Survival of Tradition in Heraldic Art; Elizabethan Heraldry; Heraldry in the Seventeenth Century and under the Commonwealth; Post-Restoration Heraldry.

In the foregoing chapters practically nothing has been said or any illustration given of heraldry later than the reign of Henry VIII, chiefly because little that is artistic can be found afterwards. There are however certain points about both Elizabethan and Stewart heraldry that are worthy of notice, especially when the old traditions have been followed.

In the second quarter of the sixteenth century decorative heraldry may be said to have reached its climax, and such examples as can be seen at Hengrave Hall, Hampton Court, Athelhampton House, Cowdray House, St. George's chapel in Windsor Castle, King's College chapel at Cambridge, and Henry VII's Lady chapel at Westminster, or in the beautiful panel of Henry VIII's arms at New Hall in Essex (fig. 189), are quite the finest of their kind. Then comes a falling off, and though sporadic cases in continuation of tradition may be found, with the advent of the Renaissance English heraldry underwent a complete change.

One of the most notable differences between the older and the later heraldry is in the quality of the heraldry itself.

In the days when men devised arms for themselves these were characterized by a simplicity that held its own all through the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries and well down into the fifteenth century. But following upon a privilege that had hitherto been exercised by the King as a mark of special honour, and in some rare cases even by nobles, the heralds then began to assign arms to such of the newly-rich who came to the front after the Wars of the Roses and were willing to pay for them. Henceforth the artistic aspect of heraldry entered upon a continuous decadent course.

The beginning is visible in the extraordinary compositions devised and granted to all sorts and conditions of men during the reign of Henry VIII. Such arms as had been granted by Henry VI or Edward IV, or even by the kings-of-arms in the fifteenth century, still followed ancient precedent, but the Tudor members of the newly incorporated Heralds' College seem to have struck out a line for themselves.

A notable example is furnished by the arms devised for cardinal Thomas Wulcy. These, in token of his Suffolk origin, have for basis the engrailed cross upon a sable field of the Uffords (to whom he was not related), charged with the leopards' heads of the de la Poles and a lion passant (perhaps for England); to which is added a gold chief, with a red Lancastrian rose, and two of the Cornish choughs from the posthumous arms of St. Thomas of Canterbury in allusion to his Christian name!

The arms granted by Christopher Barker, Garter, in 1536 to the city of Gloucester afford another example. They consist of the sword of state of the city, with the sword-bearer's cap on the point, set upright on a gold pale, and flanked on either side by a silver horseshoe and a triad of horsenails on a green field; there is also (as in Wulcy's arms) a chief party gold and purple, with the silver boar's head of Richard III (who granted a charter to the city) between the halves of a Lancastrian red rose and of a Yorkist white rose, each dimidiated with a golden sun!

A reference to Bedford's _Blazon of Episcopacy_ will show that the arms of a considerable number of the bishops appointed during the reigns of Henry VIII and Edward VI were characterized by overcharged chiefs like those just described, and these may be taken as typical of the arms then being granted by the kings-of-arms. The same passion for crowding the shield is seen even in many of the less elaborate arms that were occasionally granted.

Things did not improve under Mary and Elizabeth. Simple arms continued to be issued from the College, but mixed with such extravagant bursts as that of Laurence Dalton, Norroy, who granted in January 1560-1 to the famous physician doctor John Caius these arms:

Golde semyd w^{th} flowre gentle in the myddle of the cheyfe, sengrene resting uppon the heades of ij serpentes in pale, their tayles knytte to gether, all in proper color, resting uppon a square marble stone vert, betwene theire brestes a boke sable, garnyshed gewles, buckles gold, and to his crest upon thelme a Dove argent, bekyd & membred gewles, holding in his beke by the stalke, flowre gentle in propre color, stalked verte, set on a wreth golde & gewles.

This precious composition is further described in the grant as

betokening by the boke lerning: by the ij serpentes resting upon the square marble stone, wisdom with grace founded & stayed upon vertues stable stone: by sengrene & flower gentle, immortality y^t never shall fade, etc.

The way in which matters went from bad to worse is shown by the case of the Company of 'Barbours & Chirurgeons' of London, to whom had been granted in 1561

paly argent and vert, on a pale gules a lyon passant gardant golde betweene two Spatters argent on eche a double rose gules and argent crowned golde.

The united genius of Garter, Clarenceux, and Norroy 'improved' these arms in 1569 into:

Quarterly the first sables a Cheveron betweene three flewmes argent: the second quarter per pale argent and vert on a Spatter of the first, a double Rose gules and argent crowned golde: the third quarter as the seconde and the fourth as the first: Over all on a Crosse gules a lyon passant gardant golde.

Such compositions as these could not but fail to bring heraldry into contempt, and men soon ceased to revel in and play with it in the same delightful way as before. Here and there, as in Sir Thomas Tresham's market house at Rothwell, or in Sir Henry Stafford's great mansion of Kirby Hall, tradition has been held fast, and play is made upon the former with the Tresham trefoils, and in the latter with Stafford knots and with crests treated as badges in quite the old style. At Kirby Hall, despite its date (1572-5), and at Cadhay in Devon, sitting figures of beasts with shields of arms were set upon the gables, and at Kirby upon the pinnacles that surmounted the pilasters about the court. A good panel with the arms and badge apparently of Sir John Guldeford (_ob._ 1565) is to be seen in East Guldeford church, Sussex (fig. 191).

A remarkably fine specimen of Elizabethan heraldic decoration is also to be seen in the great chamber of Gilling castle, Yorks, as finished by Sir William Fairfax about 1585. Here the beautiful inlaid wall-panelling is surmounted by a frieze nearly four feet deep, painted with hunting scenes and a series of large trees, upon which are hung according to wapentakes the shields of arms of Yorkshire gentlefolk. The chimney piece displays the armorial ensigns of the builder, with those of his Queen above, and four other shields, and between the frettings of the plaster ceiling are the Fairfax lions and goats, and the Stapleton talbot. The rich effect of the whole is completed by the contemporary heraldic glazing with which the windows happily are filled.

But in Elizabethan buildings generally, heraldry made but a poor show. Supporters and other creatures had descended from the gables to stand or squat upon gateposts, and occasionally a square panel filled with heraldry was inset above a doorway or a porch; or the family crest, divorced from its helm, was carved upon the spandrels of the entrance. But the former glory had disappeared, and shields of arms were often replaced by initials and dates of owners and builders, presumably because they were 'non-armigerous persons.'

Within doors matters were somewhat better. Such gorgeous rooms as the great chamber at Gilling were quite exceptional, and heraldic display was usually confined to the elaborately carved overmantels of the chimneys, which served as a frame for the family arms and crested helm with grand flourishing of mantlings. These were often repeated upon the cast-iron fire-backs. The art of the plasterer was extended to the inclusion of crests and other devices among the ornaments of the moulded ceilings, and the glazier continued to fill the windows with beautiful coloured shields of alliances. Occasionally too the family arms were woven into carpets or table covers; or embroidered by the ladies of the house on the hangings of the state bed, within charming wreaths of flowers copied from those in the garden (fig. 192).

The monuments of the dead continue as before to be adorned with heraldry, but in a different way, and for the beautiful simple arms and devices of the medieval memorial began to be substituted the concentrated shield of the family quarterings, with crest and mantled helm, and such supporters as the College of Arms allowed or approved.

Despite the inevitable consequent formality, there is often much that is good about the treatment of Elizabethan and Jacobean heraldry, and it would not be easy, even at an earlier date, to beat the delightful lions upon the shields on the Lennox tomb at Westminster (fig. 194), or to fill up more satisfactorily a shield like that above the monument of Sir Ralph Pecksall (fig. 195). The effective way in which the shield itself is treated in this case is also praiseworthy, and both shields are models of heraldic carving in low relief.

The Lennox and Pecksall shields are likewise indicative of another characteristic change, the desire to illustrate ancient descent by the multiplication of quarterings. The disastrous consequences of this practice, even in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, have already been pointed out, but in the reign of Elizabeth it was carved to such an excess as to produce at times a mere patchwork of carved or painted quarters, in which the beauty of the heraldry was entirely lost. In the great hall of Fawsley House, Northants, there hangs a coloured achievement of the Knightley family containing actually 334 quarterings, which have been rightly described by Mr. J. A. Gotch as '330 too many for decorative effect.'

The heraldry of the seventeenth century is in general but a duller version of that of the later sixteenth century, with a tendency to become more commonplace as time goes on.

Under the Commonwealth every vestige of regality was ordered to be put down and done away; a very large number of representations of the royal arms were defaced and destroyed; and the leopards of England were for a time 'driven into the wilderness' along with the lion of Scotland. It was nevertheless thought desirable that the United Kingdom should still have arms, and on THE GREAT SEALE OF ENGLAND/ IN THE FIRST YEARE OF FREEDOM BY GOD'S BLESSING RESTORED, that is, 1648, the cross of St. George appears for England, and a harp for Ireland. The royal crown was at the same time superseded, on all maces and other symbols of kingly power, by another which curiously reproduces all its elements. It had a circlet inscribed THE FREEDOM OF ENGLAND BY GOD'S BLESSING RESTORED, with the date, and for the cresting of crosses and fleurs-de-lis there was substituted an intertwined cable enclosing small cartouches with the cross of St. George and the Irish harp. The new crown was also arched over, with four graceful incurved members like ostrich feathers, but wrought with oak leaves and acorns. These supported a pyramidal group of four handsome cartouches with the cross and harp surrounded by an acorn, instead of the orb and cross.[29] Perfect examples of this singular republican crown still surmount the two maces of the town of Weymouth.

[29] A curious variant of this crown, with a jewelled instead of an inscribed band, heads a drawing of the city arms of the date 1651 in the Dormant Book of the corporation of Carlisle.

On the obverse of the new great seal of the Commonwealth, designed and engraved by Simon and first used in 1655, the field is filled with an heraldic achievement of some interest (fig. 196). This includes a shield with the cross of St. George in the first and fourth quarters, St. Andrew's cross in the second quarter, and the Irish harp in the third quarter, with the lion of Cromwell on a scutcheon of pretence. This shield of the State's arms is supported by a lion with a royal crown on his head, and by a dragon, standing upon the edge of a ribbon with the motto PAX QVÆRITVR BELLO, and is surmounted by a front-faced helm with much flourished mantling, with a royal crown and the crowned leopard crest above, set athwart the helm.

The seal furnishes an excellent illustration of the heraldic art of the period, but it is singular that under a Nonconformist domination the arms selected for England and Scotland should consist of the crosses of their patron saints. It is also interesting to note that the expunged arms of England and Scotland had evidently been regarded rightly as personal to the murdered King. A further curious point is the reappearance on the seal of the royal crown of England above the helm and on the leopard crest and the lion supporter.

On the reverse of the seal just noted the State's new arms are repeated on a cartouche behind the equestrian figure of the Protector.

Of the heraldry of the Restoration and later it is hardly necessary to make mention, so lifeless and dull is the generality of it. A good specimen _c._ 1670 with the arms of the Trinity House (fig. 197), and a later one (fig. 198) with the arms, etc. of the Trevor family, are to be seen in the Victoria and Albert Museum. Reference is due, too, to one other notable example. This is the beautiful panelled ceiling set up over the chapel (formerly the great hall) of Auckland castle, by doctor John Cosin bishop of Durham (fig. 199). It was in making from 1662 to 1664, by a local carpenter, and consists for the most part of a series of square panels containing alternately the cross and four lions that form the arms of the bishopric of Durham, and the fret forming the arms of Cosin. In the middle bay the bishop's arms are given in an oval, and flanked by similar ovals with the eagle of St. John in allusion to his name. No earlier wooden ceiling could be finer in conception, and the effect of the whole was originally enhanced by colour and gilding, but this was most unhappily removed by order of bishop Barrington (1791-1826).

With so notable a late survival of medieval tradition this book may fitly end.

CHRONOLOGICAL SERIES OF ILLUSTRATIONS

The following series of illustrations is an attempt to gather up into chronological order such of the more typical examples in this book as serve to show the development and various applications of heraldic art from the thirteenth to the eighteenth century. The series could, of course, have been extended indefinitely, but the present collection is probably sufficient for its purpose.

INDEX

INDEX

Academy, Royal, heraldry at exhibitions, 33

Acton church (Suffolk), brass in, 252

Africa, South, 269

Albans, Saint, 54, 164, 259, 281; abbey church of, 73, 74

Albemarle, Richard earl of, _see_ Beauchamp; William earl of, _see_ Forz

Albert Medal for Bravery, 265

Aldeburgh arms, 326

Aldeburgh, Margaret, 326; Sir William, 326

Alderby, John of, bp. of Lincoln, 322

Aldermaston (Berks), 306

Alen, Sir John, 307, 308

Alexandra, Queen, banner of, 228

Alexandria, rubies of, 275, 290

Alnwick, William, bp. of Norwich, 264

Andrew, saint, cross or saltire of, 40, 225, 248, 249

Angoulême, arms of, 119

Anne of Bohemia, Queen, 89, 172, 185, 324

Anstis, John, 309

Anthony, cross of saint, 50

Antiquaries, Society of, 233

Aquitaine, duchy of, 154

Arms, rolls of, 62

Arundel (Sussex), effigy at, 277, 279

Arundel, Beatrice countess of, 278; Edmund earl of, _see_ FitzAlan; Joan countess of, 279, 280; Richard earl of, _see_ FitzAlan; Thomas earl of, 273, 277; Sir Edmund of, 118; Sir William, 144, 145; William earl of, _see_ FitzAlan

Ashmole, Elias, 224

Astley, Sir John, 131

Aston (Warw), effigy at, 305

Athelhampton House (Dorset), 331

Auckland castle (Durham), ceiling in, 352, 353

Aveline, countess of Lancaster, 120

Badges, 165-184

Badlesmere, Bartholomew, 117; Maud, 117, 118

Baliol arms, 326

Ballard arms, 61

Banastre, Sir Thomas, 141

Banner, the King's, 219, 220, 226, 227, 228

Banners of arms, 216, 217, 219-233

Bar, the, 40

Barbours and Chirurgeons, Company of, 337

Bardolf, Hugh, seal of, 68; William lord, _see_ Phelip

Baret, John, 303

Barker, Christopher, Garter, 335

Barons' Letter of 1300-1, 49, 68, 69, 77, 82, 112, 113, 124, 125, 126, 172, 181, 195

Barre, Henry count of, 113; Joan dau. of, 113

Barrington, bishop, 353

Barron, Mr. Oswald, 52

Barry, 43; number of bars, 48

Bartholomew, hospital of Saint, arms, 48

Basing House (Hants), 285

Bassett, Ralph lord, 112, 140, 142

Baston, the, 44

Bath, collar of the, 293; Order of the, 253

Bath and Wells, Thomas bp. of, _see_ Beckington

Batour, John, 199

Battled, 45

Baunton (Glos), frontal at, 320

Bayeux, seal for town of, 205, 210

Beatrice countess of Arundel, 278

Beauchamp arms, 51, 58, 63, 97; badges, 58, 96, 184; family, 103

Beauchamp, Henry, earl of Warwick, 272; John, of Hacche, 197; Margaret, 96, 214; Richard, earl of Warwick and Albemarle, 61, 96, 144, 146, 204, 208, 209, 214, 221, 274, 276; Thomas, earl of Warwick, 175, 198

Beaufort, Edmund, duke of Somerset, 205, 210; Henry, bp. of Winchester, 164; Joan, countess of Westmorland, 278, 282; John, duke of Somerset and earl of Kendal, 206, 231; the lady Margaret, 184, 209, 286-288

Beaufort portcullis, 169, 288, 304

Beaumont, John lord, 141; Margaret, 217

Beckington, Thomas, bp. of Bath and Wells, rebus of, 188, 191

Bedale (Yorks), effigy at, 73

Bedford, Jasper duke of, _see_ Jasper

Bedford, John duke of, _see_ John

Bedford's _Blazon of Episcopacy_, 335

Bek, Antony, bp. of Durham, arms of, 50

Bend, the, 40, 41; Bendy, 44

Benenden (Kent), 339

Bensted arms, 114

Bensted, Sir John, 114; Parnell, 114

Bentley, Little (Essex), brass at, 306

Berkeley arms, 51, 63; badge, 184; mermaid collar, 310, 311

Berkeley, Thomas of, 125; Thomas lord, 309, 310

Bermingham, Walter, 117

Berners arms, 97

Beverley (Yorks), 329; waits' collars, 313

Beverley minster, heraldry in, 54, 106, 107, 108

Bigod, Sir John, 299

Boar, silver, of King Richard III, 304

Bohemia, Anne of, _see_ Anne

Bohun, Eleanor, 172, 214, 323; Humphrey, earl of Hereford and Essex, 172, 193, 194, 196, 274; John de, earl of Hereford, 115; Mary, 92, 172, 298

Bohun of Hereford, arms of, 96; of Northampton, arms of, 96

Bohun swan badge, 172, 184, 196, 214, 298, 327

Bordeaux, John seneschal of, _see_ Nevill

Border, the, 41

Boroughbridge Roll, 62

Botreaux, Margaret lady of, _see_ Hungerford; William lord, 203, 217

Boughton-under-Blean (Kent), brass at, 81

Bourchier arms, 97; knot, 184-186, 188; water-bougets, 182

Bourchier, Henry, earl of Essex, 188; Henry lord, 158; Hugh lord, _see_ Stafford; John lord, 143, 158; Lewis lord, _see_ Robsart; Sir Humphrey, 97, 186; Thomas, abp. of Canterbury, 186

Boutell, Rev. C., 157

Bowet, Henry, abp. of York, 328, 329

Brabant, arms of, 119

Brancepeth (Durham), effigies at, 304

Brandon, Frances, duchess of Suffolk, 110

Braose, William de, 112

Bristol waits' collars, 313

British Museum, 53, 261, 262, 304

Bromfleet, Sir Thomas, arms of, 82

Brooke, George, lord Cobham, 133

Broom-cods, collar of, 309

Brotherton, _see_ Thomas

Bryen, arms of, 252

Bryen, Guy lord, 73, 74, 196

Buch, the Captal de, 141

Buckingham, duke and earl of, _see_ Stafford; Henry duke of, 96, 98

Buckingham, earldom of, arms of, 96

Buckingham Palace, memorial in front of, 34

Bullen, Thomas, earl of Wiltshire and Ormond, 267

Bures, arms of, 252

Burgh, John of, 114; Sir Thomas, stall-plate of, 136; William of, earl of Ulster, 117, 119

Burghersh, barony of, 200; Sir Bartholomew, 198

Burlington House, _see_ London

Burnell, Hugh lord, 141, 149

Burnham Thorpe (Norfolk), brass at, 296

Burton, Thomas, bp. of Exeter, 322

Bury St. Edmunds, St. Mary's church at, 303

Cadhay (Devon), 338

Caius, doctor John, 336

Calais, arms of, 215; seal of mayoralty of, 214, 215

Calthorpe, Sir William, 296

Cambridge, arms of regius professors, 253; rebus on name, 189

Cambridge, Christ's college, 179, 286, 287, 288; King's college chapel, 170, 181, 210, 213, 331; Pembroke college, 252; St. John's college, 181, 288, 289

Camoys, lady, brass of, 296; Thomas lord, 261, 263; arms of, 264

Candle-holder, heraldic, 55

Canterbury, 61, 84, 101, 102, 132, 134, 166, 167, 168, 186, 260, 270, 271, 290, 291, 300, 303, 335

Canterbury, Christchurch, 120, 321

Canterbury, John abp. of, _see_ Morton; Thomas abp. of, _see_ Bourchier; William abp. of, _see_ Courtenay; William archdn. of, _see_ Pakington

Cap of estate, the, 154

Carlisle Dormant book, 347

Carnarvon, Edward of, 111

Castile, arms of, 86, 111; castle of, 114; kingdom of, 112

Castile and Leon, castles and lions of, 114

Chamberlayne, Sir William, 158

Charles IV, Emperor, 89

Chaucer, Geoffrey, arms of, 48

Chaworth, arms of, 117

Checkendon (Oxon), brass at, 256

Checky, 44; number of checkers, 49

Chester, arms of, 135; sheriff's chain, 315

Chester, Edward earl of, _see_ Edward prince of Wales

_Chevaler au cing_, 171

Cheveron, the, 41, 42

Cheyney, Sir John, 306

Chief, the, 41, 42

Chipping Campden (Glos), brass at, 90

Chronological series of illustrations, 354-407

Cinque Ports, arms of the, 135

Clare arms, 114, 115, 117, 199; black bulls of, 204, 207; label of, 101

Clare, Elizabeth de, 114; Gilbert de, earl of Gloucester, 114, 194

Clarence, duke of, _see_ Lionel; George duke of, _see_ George; Thomas duke of, _see_ Thomas

Clehonger (Heref), 76

Clerk, Dan John, 329

Clifford, Robert de, 171

Clopton arms, 45, 46

Clun, arms of, 106

Cobham (Kent), 133, 134

Cobham, George Brooke, lord, 133, 134; Raynald, lord, 141

Cockermouth, Henry Percy, lord of, _see_ Percy

Colchester, arms of, 50

College of Arms, _see_ Heralds' College

Colley, Thomas de, 325

Constance, brass at, 263, 265

Constance of Castile, 111

Corfe castle, Dorset, 69

Cornwall, earl of, _see_ Richard; Edmund earl of, 194; Edward duke of, _see_ Edward prince of Wales

Coronets, introduction and history of, 271-285

Cosin arms, 353

Cosin, John, bp. of Durham, 352, 353

Cotes, arms of, 343

Cotises, 45

Counter-coloured, 48

Courtenay dolphin, 182

Courtenay, Hugh, earl of Devon, 116; Peter, bp. of Exeter, 175, 177; Sir Peter, 229; William, abp. of Canterbury, 162

Coventry cross, 242

Cowdray House, Sussex, 239, 331

Crests, origin and treatment of, 123; use of, by bishops, 161-163

Cromwell lion, 347

Cromwell, Ralph lord, 57

Cross, the, 40; varieties of, 49, 50

Crosslets, 51

Crowns, heraldic, 148-153

Crusily, 51

Cyprus gold, 327, 328

D'Abernoun, Sir John, 235

Dabrichecourt, Sir Sanchet, 140, 143

Dalton, Laurence, Norroy, 336

D'Amory, Roger lord, 114

Daunce, the, 45

David, King of Scotland, 325

Dennington (Suffolk), 60, 297

Derby, Henry earl of, _see_ Henry; Thomas earl of, _see_ Stanley

Despenser arms, 63, 88

Despenser, Henry le, bp. of Norwich, 161, 162; Richard lord, _see_ Beauchamp; Thomas lord, 199

Devon, Hugh earl of, _see_ Courtenay

Deynelay, Robert, 129

Diapering, 105-108

Differencing of arms, 98-103

Dimidiation, 251

Dorking, Rev. E. E., rebus of, 192

Dorset (county of), 59

Dover (Kent), arms of, 135

Dreux arms, 119

Dublin, Richard marquess of, _see_ Oxford

Durham, arms of bishopric of, 353; bishops of, 163

Durham, Cuthbert bp. of, _see_ Tunstall; John bp. of, _see_ Cosin, Fordham; Robert bp. of, _see_ Nevill; Thomas bp. of, _see_ Hatfield, Langley; Walter bp. of, _see_ Skirlaw

Easton, Little (Essex), 188

Edmund earl of Kent, 99; earl of Lancaster, 100

Edmund of Langley duke of York, 94, 101, 150, 155, 167, 199, 206, 229

Edmund, saint, arms of, 150

Edward I, King, 86, 99, 100, 101, 113, 114, 237

Edward II, King, 47, 86, 99, 115, 291, 293

Edward III, King, 61, 88, 92, 101, 125, 154, 155, 214, 215, 263, 272, 323, 324, 325, 326

Edward IV, King, 75, 168, 190, 208, 212, 222, 225, 291, 304, 334

Edward V, King, 200

Edward VI, King, 272, 335

Edward prince of Wales, 61, 84, 99, 101, 102, 132, 134, 155, 166, 167, 260, 261, 262, 271

Edward, saint, arms of, 37, 50, 89, 94, 323

Eleanor, daughter of King Edward I, 113

Eleanor of Castile, Queen, 71, 86, 91, 113, 114, 170, 270, 323

Elizabeth, Queen, 224, 225, 336

Elsefield, Elizabeth, 118; Sir Gilbert, 118

Elsing (Norf), brass at, 100, 157

Eltham, John of, _see_ John

Embroideries, heraldic, 319-330

Engayn, John, 127

England, 59, 248, 249, 335; arms of, 88, 89, 99, 111, 113, 115, 350; leopards of, 217, 226, 346; lion supporter of, 206

England, King of, 79, 322, 323; supporters of, 206

Engrailing, 44

Erdington family, knight of, 305, 312

Ermine, 39, 258

Erpingham, Sir Thomas, 144

Essex, earl of, _see_ Stafford Humphrey; Henry earl of, _see_ Bourchier; Humphrey earl of, _see_ Bohun

Essex, earldom of, arms of, 193

Est, Robert, 329

Esturmy, Henry, _see_ Sturmy

Etchingham church (Sussex), 239, 240

Etchingham, Sir William, 239

Eton College arms, 47

Ewelme (Oxon), effigy at, 283, 284

Exeter, bishop's palace at, 175, 177; brass at, 185; sheriff's chain, 312; waits' collars, 313, 314

Exeter, duchess of, 283; Edward bp. of, _see_ Stafford; Peter bishop of, 321; Peter bp. of, _see_ Courtenay; Thomas bp. of, _see_ Burton; Thomas duke of, _see_ Holand; Thomas duke of, _see_ Thomas

Fairfax lions and goats, 339

Fairfax, Sir William, 338

Falstaff, Sir John, 203

Farnham, Sir Robert, arms of, 48

Fauconberg, William lord, 229

Fawsley House (Northants), 343

Felbrigge (Norf), brass at, 78, 89

Felbrigge, Sir Simon, 158, 160

Fer-de-moline, 47, 50

Ferrers, Thomas earl, _see_ Thomas; William de, 197

Fesse, the, 40

Fetterlock-and-falcon badge, 168, 169

Firedogs, heraldic, 56

FitzAlan, Alice, 273, 274; Brian, arms, 73; Edmund, earl of Arundel, 118; Joan, 196, 273, 274; Richard, earl of Arundel, 115, 273, 275; William, earl of Arundel, 279

FitzAlan, arms, 116, 117; oak-leaf badge, 305

FitzGerald, Emmeline, 217

FitzHamon, Robert, arms of, 63

FitzHugh, Henry lord, 229

FitzHugh and Marmion, William lord, 215

FitzJohn, John, 114

FitzPain, Robert, 112

FitzWalter arms, 45

FitzWalter, Walter lord, 129

FitzWarin seal, 196

FitzWaryn, Sir William, 141

Flanches, 42

Foljambe arms, 119

Foljambe, Roger, 118

Fordham, John, bp. of Durham, 163

Forster, Sir George, 306

Forz, William of, earl of Albemarle, 120

Fotheringay church (Northants), 239

France and Normandy, Richard, governor of, _see_ Richard

France, arms of, 88, 115, 119, 120, 224, 322, 323, 324; label of, 100

France, John, marshal of, _see_ Talbot; John, regent of, _see_ John

France, King of, 80, 85, 154

France, Old, arms of, 89

France, Philip King of, 322

Franks, Sir A. W., 342

Furnival, Thomas, 112

Garter, collar of the, 281, 293, 295; mantle of the, 280, 281; Order of the, 253, 260, 261

Garter, Knights of the, banners of, 224, 225, 228; stall-plates of, 62, 70, 112, 130, 138, 151, 229, 259

Garter, the, 260-267

Gaunt, _see_ John of

Gemell-bars, 45

George duke of Clarence and lord of Richmond, 203, 204, 207, 229

George, saint, arms or cross of, 49, 226, 234, 235, 248, 249, 267, 346, 347

Gilling castle (Yorks), 338, 340

Glamorgan, lordship of, 200

Glass, heraldic, 54

Glastonbury, George inn at, 74, 75

Gloucester, city of, 298; arms, 335; effigy at, 293

Gloucester, duke of, _see_ Thomas; Gilbert earl of, _see_ Clare; Richard duke of, 59

Gobony, 83

Goldsmiths' Company, arms, 72

Goldwell, James, bp. of Norwich, 162, 191

Gonvile arms, 45

Gotch, Mr. J. A., 346

Gower, John, 298

Grapenell, H. de, 114; Parnel, 114

Graunson, Katharine, 117; Margaret, 196

Grevel, William, brass of, 90

Grey, lady Jane, 285

Grey of Codnor, Richard lord, 151, 153, 182, 183

Grey of Ruthin, Sir John, 229, 232

Groos, Oliver, 301

Guienne, duchy of, 155

Guildford (Surrey) mayor's chain and medal, 315

Guldeford, East (Sussex), 338, 339

Guldeford, Sir John, 338, 339

Gunthorpe, dean, 74, 190, 192

Gyronny, 41

Hainault, arms of, 323; house of, 166

Hales, Sir Stephen, 129

Hallam, Robert, bp. of Salisbury, 263, 265

Halle, Peter, brass of, 93

Halving of arms, 251

Hamlake, _see_ Roos

Hampton Court, 331; heraldry at, 243-248

Harcourt, Sir Robert, 305

Harewell, bishop, effigy of, 192

Harsick brass at Southacre, 158, 159

Hastings arms, 117

Hastings, John, earl of Pembroke, 275; John lord, 117; Sir Hugh, arms, brass, and crest of, 100, 157; Sir Ralph 174, 328; William lord, 140, 204

Hatfield, Thomas, bp. of Durham, 163

Hatfield Broadoak (Essex), effigy at, 104, 106

Hearne, T., 242

Helmsley, _see_ Roos

Hengrave Hall (Suffolk), 331

Henry III, King, 36, 99, 170, 291, 292

Henry IV, King, 92, 168, 172, 200, 270, 290, 291, 297, 298, 299, 300

Henry V, King, 302, 309

Henry VI, King, 47, 264, 272, 309, 334

Henry VII, King, 55, 154, 169, 181, 210, 213, 266, 288, 294, 306

Henry VIII, King, 72, 211, 245-248, 291, 308, 331-335

Henry duke of Lancaster and earl of Derby, 91, 128, 167, 200, 297, 298, 299, 300, 309

Henry earl of Lancaster, 117

Heraldic beasts as finials and vane holders, 238-239, 241-248

Heraldic colours, 37, 38; furs, 39

Heraldry, definition of, 35

Heralds' College, 233, 235, 334, 336, 341

Hereford, arms of, earldom of, 214, 327

Hereford, duke of, 92; earl of, _see_ Stafford, Humphrey; Henry duke of, _see_ Henry; Humphrey earl of, _see_ Bohun; John earl of, _see_ Bohun

Herne (Kent), brass at, 93

Heslerton, Alice, 118; Thomas of, 118

Heslerton arms, 118

Hever (Kent), brass at, 267

Hexham, regality of, seal of, 105

Heytesbury, banner of, 216

Holand, Joan, 206; Thomas, duke of Exeter, 282; Thomas, earl of Kent, 168, 206, 214, 274; Thomas de, 129

Holand, lordship of, 213

Holand and Wake, Thomas lord, 211

Holbeach (Lincs), effigy at, 257

Holbein, the painter, 295, 306, 307

Hollar (Wenceslaus), 242

Holyngbroke, William, arms of, 87

Hope rebus, 192

Howard, Thomas, duke of Norfolk, 295, 329

Humphrey duke of Gloucester and earl of Buckingham, 96, 164, 281

Hungerford and Botreaux, Margaret lady of, 217, 222, 239

Hungerford, Robert lord, 60, 303; Sir Robert, 217; Walter lord, 144, 216, 221, 222, 229, 230

Hungerford sickle, 182, 216

Hussey arms, 116, 144; banner of, 216

Huth, Mr. Edward, 307

Ich diene, the motto, 166

Illustrations, Chronological series of, 354-407

Impalement of arms, 252

Indenting, 45

Ireland, 249; harp of, 226, 347

Isabel, sister of Richard duke of York, 188

Isabel, Queen, 115, 324

Islip, John, abbot of Westminster, rebus of, 189, 191

James I, King, 283

Jane the fool, 248

Jasper duke of Bedford, 164

Jerusalem, Kingdom of, arms of, 51

Joan, countess of Arundel, 279, 280, 304

Joan, dau. of King Edward I, 114

Joan princess of Wales, 174, 326

Joan, Queen, 299, 303; effigy of, 270, 271

John duke of Bedford and regent of France, 215, 229

John of Eltham, the lord, 99, 323

John of Gaunt duke of Lancaster, 101, 111, 155, 166, 167, 174, 199, 272, 324, 328

John, saint, eagle of, 353

John, Saint, John lord, 275

Katharine, saint, hospital of, 282, 283

Kendal, John earl of, _see_ Beaufort

Kensington, South, 119

Kent, earl of, _see_ Edmund; Thomas earl of, _see_ Holand

Keys, Roger, and Thomas, arms of, 47, 48

Kidderminster (Worcs), brass at, 88

King's Langley (Herts), 150

King's Lynn waits' collars, 313, 314

Kingston-on-Hull, mayor's and mayoress's chains, 315

Kirby Hall (Northants), 338

Kirkham priory (Yorks), heraldry on gatehouse, 38

Kirkton, Robert, abbot of Peterborough, 178; rebus of, 188, 191

Knightley family, 343

Knots as badges, 184

Label, the, 99

Laci, Henry de, arms of, 44; Henry de, earl of Lincoln, 124, 194

Lacy arms, 119

Ladies, arms of, 109

Lancaster, Aveline countess of, 120; Henry of, lord of Monmouth, 125, 126, 127, 194; Thomas earl of, _see_ Thomas

Lancaster, duke of, _see_ John of Gaunt

Lancaster, earl of, _see_ Edmund

Lancaster, House of, 296

Langeton, canon William, 185

Langley, _see_ Edmund of

Langley, Thomas, bp. of Durham, 163

Latimer, William lord, 141, 328

Lavenham church (Suffolk), 175

Lavenham, William of, 273

Law, Ernest, 244

Legg, L. G. Wickham, 155

Leicester, Thomas earl of, _see_ Thomas

Lennox, Margaret countess of, tomb of, 341, 343, 344

Leon, arms of, 86, 111; lion of, 114

Leybourne arms, 117, 120, 125, 322

Leybourne, Juliana, 117; Roger, 124, 211; Thomas, 117

Lincoln, Henry earl of, _see_ Laci; Henry de Laci earl of, 44; John bp. of, _see_ Alderby

Lincoln minster, heraldry in, 54

Lionel duke of Clarence, 101, 272

Lisle effigy at Thruxton, 308

Little Device, the, 154

Littlebury, Sir Humphrey, effigy of, 257

London, 299; arms of, 337; banner of the lord mayor of, 219, 226, 228; collar of SS of lord mayor, 308, 315; sheriff's chains, 315; waits' collars, 313

London, Burlington House, 233; Mansion House, 219, 226; National Portrait Gallery, 211; Nelson Column in, 290; St. Paul's cathedral church, 108, 228, 323; Templars' church in, 105; Trinity House, arms, 349, 350

Longespee, Emmeline, 217; Stephen, 194, 217

Longespee lions, 200; longswords, 182, 217

Long Melford (Suffolk), 46

Lord, Our, arms of, 49

Lovain arms, 97

Lovel badge, 184

Lovel, Francis viscount, 147; John lord, 304; Katharine, 321

Lovel and Holand, William lord, 200

Lowick church (Northants), 187, 188

Lozenges of arms, use of, 110

Lozengy, 44

Lucy arms, 218; pike, 182

Lullingstone (Kent), 191, 192

Lupton, Robert, provost of Eton, rebus of, 191

Lyhart, Walter, bp. of Norwich, 191

Lyte, John, arms of, 334

Macclesfield, Thomas, seneschal of, 183

Magnavilla, Geoffrey de, 105

Man, Isle of, 183

Manners effigy at Windsor, 306

Mansion House, _see_ London

Mantlings, 139-147

Mapperton manor-house (Dorset), 238, 243

March, earls of, 168; Edmund earl of, _see_ Mortimer; Richard earl of, _see_ Richard; Roger earl of, _see_ Mortimer

March, white lion of, 206, 208, 209, 304, 326

Margaret, saint, 313

Markenfield, Sir Thomas, 309, 310

Marmion, William lord, _see_ FitzHugh

Marni, Sir Robert de, 129, 130, 198

Martel family, 189

Marten church (Wilts), tile from, 334

Mary I, Queen, 313, 336

Mary, Queen, banner of, 228

Masons' Company, 134

Maud of Lancaster, 117, 119

Mauley arms, 128

Mauley, Peter de, IV, seal of, 82; Peter de, VI, 128, 198

Mayors' collars or chains, 313

Michael, St., and St. George, Order of, 108, 228

Mildenhall (Suffolk), brass formerly at, 301

Monmouth, Henry lord of, _see_ Lancaster

Montagu griffin, 205

Montagu, John lord, _see_ Nevill; Simon lord of, 69, 86; Sybil, 117; William, earl of Salisbury, 117, 125, 127, 152, 195

More, Sir Thomas, 306, 307, 312

Mortimer arms, 174, 302, 326

Mortimer, Edmund, earl of March and Ulster, 174, 197, 201, 274, 302, 325; Philippa, 274; Roger, earl of March and Ulster, 199

Morton, John, abp. of Canterbury, 164; Thomas, canon of York, 328

Moulton, Thomas de, 124

Moun, John de, 195

Mounci, Walter de, 128

Mugginton (Derbys), brass at, 304

Multon, Elizabeth de, 117

Nanfant, Sir Richard, 233

Nelson Column in London, 290

Nevill, Alexander, abp. of York, 162; Cecily, 208, 212; John lord, 277; John, lord Montagu, 203; John, lord of Raby, 199; Margery, wife of John lord, 277; Ralph, earl of Westmorland, 278; Richard, earl of Salisbury and Warwick, 93, 137, 138, 160, 200, 205, 229, 231; Robert, bp. of Durham, 163, 164; Sir William, 199

Nevill, effigies at Brancepeth, 304; family, 103

Newburgh, arms of, 97

Newcastle sheriff's chain, 315

New Hall (Essex), 210, 291, 332, 333

Nicolas, Sir N. H., 273

Norfolk, Thomas duke of, _see_ Howard

Normandy, duchy of, 154, 155

Northampton, earl of, _see_ Stafford, Humphrey

Northumberland, duke of, 311, 312; earl of, 311; Henry earl of, _see_ Percy

Northwood arms, 120, 322

Norwich arms, 72; mayor's chain, 315; sheriff's chain, 315; waits' collars, 313, 314

Norwich cathedral church, 192, 263, 306

Norwich Guildhall, doorway in, 71, 72

Norwich, Henry bishop of, _see_ Despenser; James bp. of, _see_ Goldwell; Walter bp. of, _see_ Lyhart; William bp. of, 264

Ockwells (Berks), heraldic glass at, 211

Oldhalle, Sir William, 182

Ordinaries, the, formation of, 40, 41

Orle, the, 42

Ormond, Thomas earl of, _see_ Bullen

Ostrevant, Comté of, 166

Ostrich-feathers badge, 166

Oxenbridge, John, rebus of, 192

Oxford, rebus on name, 189

Oxford, All Souls' college, 61; Magdalen college, 112; Queen's college, seal of, 80

Oxford, John earl of, _see_ Vere; Richard earl of, and marquess of Dublin, 272; Robert earl of, _see_ Vere

Pakington, William, archdn. of Canterbury, 326

Pale, the, 40

Paly, 43; number of pales, 49

Park-palings, collar of, 309, 310

Party, 40; Party-bendwise, 40; Party-fessewise, 40; Party-saltirewise, 41

Passion, instruments of the, 49

Patrick, saint, 249; cross or saltire of, 225

Paul, saint, sword of, 226

Pavely, Sir Walter, 141

Paynel, William, 113

Peche, Sir John, 125; rebus of, 191, 192

Pecksall, Sir Ralph, 341, 343, 345

Pelham, Sir John, badge of, 200

Pembridge, effigy of a, 76

Pembroke, earl of, 323; _see also_ Valence

Pembroke, John earl of, _see_ Hastings

Pennons, 235-237

Perche, earl of, _see_ Stafford, Humphrey

Percy arms, 50; badge, 312; crescent badge, 184, 218, 236; lion, etc., 218

Percy, Henry, 77, 239; Henry, earl of Northumberland and lord of Cockermouth, 218, 238, 239; the lady Eleanor, 106, 107, 108

Peter, bishop of Exeter, 321

Peter, saint, arms of, 323, 328, 329

Peterborough (Northants), deanery gateway at, 178, 181, 188, 191

Phelip eagle, 48, 182

Phelip, William, lord Bardolf, 60, 182, 297

Philip, King of France, 322

Philippa, Queen, 166, 167, 323

Pile, the, 42; Pily, 43

Pol, Seynt, Mary de, 115, 116, 251

Pole, de la, arms, 335; badges, 182

Pole, de la, John, duke of Suffolk, 283; Michael, earl of Suffolk, 175, 176, 275; William, earl of Suffolk, 141, 202

Ponthieu, arms of, 71

Poynyngs, arms of, 120, 322

Quarter, the, 41, 42

Quartering, 86

Quarterly, 41

Raby, John lord of, _see_ Nevill

Ramryge, abbot Thomas, 73

Rebus, the, 189-192

Redvers arms, 120

Regent's Park, 282, 283

Richard I, King, 124

Richard II, King, 89, 168, 172, 173, 174, 272, 309, 326

Richard III, King, 168, 304, 335

Richard duke of Gloucester, seal of, 59

Richard duke of York and earl of March, 167, 188, 206, 208, 212, 218, 239

Richard earl of Cornwall, arms of, 66

Richmond, George, lord of, _see_ George; Margaret countess of, _see_ Beaufort

Richmond, label of, 101

Ripon (Yorks), 309, 310

Rivers, Richard lord, _see_ Wydvile

Robsart, Lewis, lord Bourchier, 157, 181, 222, 223, 224, 239

Rochester (Kent), 219

Roll, the Great, 47, 48, 50, 62, 86

Rolls of arms, 62

Romans, Richard, King of the, 194

Romney, New (Kent), brass at, 87

Roos, Thomas lord, of Hamlake, 200

Rothwell (Northants), 338

Roundels of arms, use of, 111

Royal Society, 233

Salisbury cathedral church, 60, 87, 303, 306

Salisbury, earl of, _see_ Nevill, Richard; William earl of, _see_ Montagu

Salisbury, Robert, bp. of, _see_ Hallam

Salkeld (Cumb), effigies at, 306

Salkeld family, effigies, 306, 312

Saltire, the, 40, 41

Savernake Forest, lord of, _see_ Sturmy; tenure horn of, 116

Scales family, 189

Scales, Sir Roger, 198

Scarcliffe (Derbys), effigy at, 275, 276

Scotland, 85, 248; arms of, 34, 85, 350; lion of, 226, 346; tressure of, 85; unicorn supporter of, 206

Scotland, King of, 321, 323

Scrope crab or _scrap_, 182

Scrope, John lord, 158, 175; Dan Richard, 329

Scutcheon, the, 42

Seals, heraldic, 52

Selden's _Titles of Honour_, 273

Settrington (Yorks), 299

Sheffield, St. Peter's church, effigies in, 280, 281

Shene Charterhouse, prior of, 302

Shield, divisions of the, 40, 41; the, and its treatment, 65

Shorne, Maister John, 242

Shrewsbury, George earl of, 280; John earl of, _see_ Talbot

Simon the engraver, 347

Skirlaw, Walter, bp. of Durham, 163

Sloley church (Norf), tomb in, 301

Somers, Will, 248

Somerset (county of), 59

Somerset eagle, 206, 209

Somerset, Edmund duke of, _see_ Beaufort; John duke of, _see_ Beaufort

Souche, Alan la, 194, 196

Southacre (Norf), brass at, 159

Southampton, arms of, 48, 86; steward of, 302

Southwark cathedral church, 164, 298

_Souvereyne_, _Soverayne_, or _Soverain_, the word, 167, 200, 298, 300

Sovereign, the, 85, 155

Spain, arms of, 323

Spilsby (Lincs), brass at, 255

SS, collar of, 296-304

Stafford arms, 96

Stafford, earl of, _see_ Stafford, Humphrey

Stafford, Edward, bp. of Exeter, 185; Edward, earl of Wiltshire, 187, 188; Hugh, earl of, 275; Hugh, lord Bourchier, 144, 151, 152; Humphrey, duke of Buckingham, 93, 94, 95, 96, 135; Joan, countess of Kent and lady of Wake, 188; Katharine, 175, 176, 275; Sir Henry, 234, 338

Stafford knot, 184, 185, 188, 338

Staindrop (Durham), 276, 278, 282

Standard, the Royal, 220, 227

Standards, 234-235

Stanford Dingley (Berks), brass at, 83

Stanley, Thomas lord, 158, 183, 229

Stanton Harcourt (Oxon), 241, 305

Stapleton, Sir Miles, 144

Stapleton talbot, 339

State's arms, 347, 348, 350

Stoke d'Abernoun (Surrey), 235

Stoke Poges (Bucks), brass at, 70

Stothard's _Monumental Effigies_, 269, 276

Stowe, William, the elder, 310

Sturmy, Henry, 116

Suffolk, Alice duchess of, 283, 284; duchess of, _see_ Brandon; Elizabeth duchess of, 283; John duke of, _see_ Pole; Michael earl of, _see_ Pole; William duke of, 283; William earl of, _see_ Pole

Suns-and-roses, collar of, 304, 305

Supporters, origin and uses of, 193-218

Surrey, John earl of, _see_ Warenne

Swynburne family, 189

Syon cope, 119, 120, 121

Talbot, John, earl of Shrewsbury, 96, 97, 161, 214, 229, 281

Talbot and Furnival, John lord, 203, 205

Tallow-Chandlers' Company, 134

Tankerville, John earl of, 158

Tattershall castle (Lincs), heraldic chimney-piece in, 57

Tew, Great (Oxon), brass at, 79

Tewkesbury abbey church, 58, 63, 73, 74

Thistle, collar of the, 293

Tildesley, Christopher, 299, 300

Tillzolf arms, 326

Tiptoft, John lord, 229

Thomas duke of Clarence, 302

Thomas duke of Exeter, 200

Thomas (Beaufort) duke of Exeter, 230

Thomas earl of Lancaster, Leicester and Ferrers, 125, 126, 194

Thomas of Brotherton, 100

Thomas of Woodstock duke of Gloucester, 99, 155, 166, 167, 172, 182, 213, 323, 326, 327

Thomas, saint, of Canterbury, 335

Thruxton (Hants), effigy at, 308

Tong (Salop), 306

Toni, Robert de, 171

Torregiano, 266

Trau, the Soudan de la, 144

Tresham, Sir Thomas, 338

Tresham trefoils, 338

Tressure, the, 85

Trevor family arms, 351

Trinity, the Holy, 261, 306

Trinity House, London, arms, 349, 350

Trotton (Sussex), 261, 263, 296

Trumpington family, 189

Tunstall, Cuthbert, bp. of Durham, 163

Twyford, Richard, 323

Tylney, Elizabeth, arms of, 97

Ufford arms, 335

Ufford, Sir Ralph, 117, 119

Ulster arms, 174, 326; badge of, 218; label of, 101

Ulster, Richard earl of, 114; Roger earl of, _see_ Mortimer; William earl of, _see_ Burgh

Union Jack, 219, 225, 248, 250

Union of crowns of England and Scotland, 206

Vair, 39, 258; Vairy, 39

Valence arms, 119, 120

Valence, Aymer of, earl of Pembroke, 115, 116, 251, 273; William of, 61, 67, 120

Veer, Hugh de, 181

Verdon, Theobald lord, 114

Vere arms, 88, 104, 117; boar, 182; molet, 48, 182

Vere effigy at Hatfield Broadoak, 106

Vere, John de, earl of Oxford, 117, 118, 175; Robert de, earl of Oxford, 124

Vernon effigy at Tong, 306

Victoria, Queen, memorial to, 33

Victoria and Albert Museum, 53, 119, 121, 349, 351

Victory, figure of, 34

Vipont, Isabel, 171

Voided scutcheon, the, 42

Waits' collars, 313

Wake knot, 184; lordship of, 213

Waldby, Robert, abp. of York, 105

Walden, de, Library, 235

Walworth, Sir William, 226

Walysel, Thomas, brass of, 90

Warde, Robert de la, 128

Warenne, John de, earl of Surrey, 113

Warenne and Surrey, earl of, arms, 49

Warenne estates, 115

Warre, John la, 198

Warwick, 61, 274, 276

Warwick bear, 205

Warwick, earl of, _see_ Beauchamp; Henry earl of, _see_ Beauchamp; Richard earl of, _see_ Beauchamp; Thomas earl of, _see_ Beauchamp

Waterford, John earl of, _see_ Talbot

Waterton, Robert, 298

Wavy, 43

Wax-Chandlers' Company, 134

Welles, Helen, of York, 328

Wells chapter-house, 302

Wells (Somerset), 74, 190, 191, 192; oriel in deanery, 190, 192

Wentworth arms and family, 342

Westminster, 270, 294

Westminster abbey, arms of, 86; abbey chapter-house, tiles in, 36; vestry of, 322

Westminster abbey church, heraldry in, 37, 43, 44, 54, 55, 61, 66, 67, 71, 80, 85, 86, 91, 92, 97, 99, 110, 120, 169, 170, 172, 173, 180, 181, 184, 186, 189, 222, 223, 259, 266, 332, 341, 344, 345

Westminster, palace of, 221, 285

Westmorland, Joan, countess of, _see_ Beaufort; Ralph earl of, _see_ Nevill

Whatton (Notts), effigy at, 73

Whatton, Sir Richard, 73

Whitchurch (Oxon), brass at, 90

Whitchurch (Salop), 281

White hart badge, 168

Wilfrid, saint, 311

Willoughby d'Eresby, William lord, 143

Wilton House (Wilts) diptych at, 309

Wiltshire, Edward earl of, _see_ Stafford; Thomas earl of, _see_ Bullen

Winchester, Henry bp. of, _see_ Beaufort; John marquess of, 285

Windsor castle, chapel of St. George in, 62, 112, 113, 151, 192, 224, 241, 242, 243, 306, 331; King's hall in, 238, 239; picture in, 295

Windsor, Sir William, 201

Wingfield church (Suffolk), 175, 176, 283

Woodstock, Thomas of, _see_ Thomas

Wotton-under-Edge (Glos), brass at, 309, 310

Wreath or torse, 156-158

Wren, Sir Christopher, 242

Wulcy, Thomas, cardinal, 334, 335

Wydvile, Richard, lord Rivers, 144, 147, 158, 229

Wymington (Beds), brass at, 82

Wyvil, Robert, bp. of Salisbury, arms of, 87

Yale or eale, the, 206, 209

Yarmouth (Norf), mayor's chain, 315

York, 328, 329; chains of lord mayor and lady mayoress, 315; waits' collars, 313

York, Alexander abp. of, _see_ Nevill; Henry abp. of, _see_ Bowet; Robert abp. of, _see_ Waldby

York, duke of, _see_ Edmund of Langley; Richard duke of, _see_ Richard

York falcon, 206, 208, 218; fetterlock, 188; house of, 168, 169; roses, 200

York minster, heraldry in, 43, 54, 259

Yorkist collar of suns and roses, 304-305, 312

Zouch badge, 184

Zouch, William lord, 203

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EMBROIDERY AND TAPESTRY WEAVING. By MRS. A. H. CHRISTIE. 178 Diagrams and Illustrations by the Author. 16 Pages of Collotype Reproductions. 420 pp. 6s. net. (_Third Edition._)

EXTRACT FROM _The Pall Mall Gazette_.

"Mrs. Christie has performed her task to admiration, ... and her lucid explanations of various kinds of stitches ... should be of value to all workers at embroidery or tapestry weaving and to novices anxious to learn."

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WRITING AND ILLUMINATING, AND LETTERING. By EDWARD JOHNSTON. 227 Illustrations and Diagrams by the Author and NOEL ROOKE. 8 Pages of Examples in Red and Black. 24 Pages of Collotype Reproductions. 512 pp. (_Fifth Edition._)

EXTRACT FROM _The Athenæum_.

"... This book belongs to that extremely rare class in which every line bears the impress of complete mastery of the subject. We congratulate Mr. Johnston on having produced a work at once original and complete."

JOHN HOGG, 13 PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON

_See next page_

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THE ARTISTIC CRAFTS SERIES

HAND-LOOM WEAVING. By LUTHER HOOPER. 125 Drawings by the Author and NOEL ROOKE. Coloured and Collotype Reproductions. 368 pp. 6s. net.

EXTRACT FROM _The Morning Post_.

"... Every phase and process in weaving is described with so clear and careful an exactitude, that, helped as the text is by the Author's sketches and diagrams, the reader should have no difficulty in conquering with its aid the rudiments of the craft."

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PORTFOLIOS (in the Series) already issued.

SCHOOL COPIES AND EXAMPLES. Selected by W. R. LETHABY and A. H. CHRISTIE. 12 Drawing Copies (1 in colours), with Descriptive Letterpress. 3s. 6d. net.

MANUSCRIPT AND INSCRIPTION LETTERS. For Schools and Classes and the Use of Craftsmen. By EDWARD JOHNSTON. With 5 Plates by A. E. R. GILL, 16 Plates in all. Full Notes and Descriptions by the Author. 3s. 6d. net. (_Second Edition._)

(_Plaster Casts of the originals of Plates 13, 14 and 15 can be had of the Publisher. Write for Prospectus._)

Other Volumes and Portfolios in Preparation.

JOHN HOGG, 13 PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON

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Transcriber's Note

Changes to the text are limited to corrections of typographical errors and are listed as follows:

Page 26 (index of text illustrations) #105: changed "S'afford" to "Stafford" (Edward Stafford bishop of Exeter)

Page 309: changed "Wootton-under-Edge" to "Wotton-under-Edge". This same mis-spelling is also corrected in the caption to Figure 185 and in the list of illustrations on page 31. Note that it was spelled correctly in the Index.

Page 426: changed "A" to "AT" (PRINTED AT THE BALLANTYNE PRESS)

Plate XXIX caption: changed "ob," to "ob." (Justice in Eyre of Forests, ob. 1460.)