Chapter 25

+264-241+ +First Punic War+

263 +Hiero of Syracuse+ joins Rome +Hiero of Syracuse+ 269-219

261 Romans build a fleet

260 Naval victory of +Duilius+ near _Mylae_ Aratus, General of Achaean League 245 Callimachus _fl._ 260 _Columna Rostrata_

256 Naval victory of +Regulus+ at _Ecnomus_ ---------------------------------------- LATIN LITERATURE. B.C. ---------------------------------------- PROSE. ---------------------------------------- VERSE. ---------------------------------------- PERIOD I.--THE GROWTH OF LATIN LITERATURE, 250-80 B.C. ---------------------------------------- 255 Regulus defeated by Xanthippus of Sparta

250 Roman victory at _Panormus_ (Metellus)

249 Carthaginian victory at _Drepana_ (Claudius)

248-241 +Hamilcar Barca+ in Sicily Ptolemy III (Euergetes) 247-222

241 Victory of Lutatius off the _Aegates Insulae_ _Peace with Carthage_ +Sicily made a Roman Province+ (1) Livius Andronicus (_fl._ 240)

241-238 War of Carthage with her Mercenaries +Corsica and Sardinia made a Roman Province+ (2) Naevius (_fl._ 235)

236-228 +Hamilcar in Spain. Hannibal's oath+

230-229 Illyrian War. (Queen Teuta) Athens joins Achaean League 229

228 Corinth admits the Romans to the Isthmian Games +Roman Embassy to Greece+ 228 +Hasdrubal+ succeeds Hamilcar in Spain _Founds New Carthage_. The _Iberus_ (_Ebro_) fixed as the Carthaginian boundary

225-223 Gallic rising (Boii and Insubres) Reforms of Cleomenes at Sparta 226-5 Great victory near _Telamon_

222 Victory over the Insubres at _Clastidium_ Aratus and Antigonus take Sparta 221 +M. Marcellus+ wins the _spolia opima_ (3) Subjugation of Gaul south of the Alps Antiochus the Great (Syria) 224-187

221 +Hannibal succeeds Hasdrubal in Spain+

219 Hannibal takes _Saguntum_ (ally of Rome) Ptolemy IV (Philopator) 222-205

+218-202+ +Second Punic War+ Philip V (Macedon) 221-179 PLAUTUS (254-184)

218 Hannibal crosses the Alps Battles of the _Ticinus_ and _Trebia_

217 Battle of _Lake Trasimene_. Death of +Flaminius+ +Q. Fabius Maximus, Dictator+ +Philip allied with Hannibal+ 216 Fabius Pictor (_fl._ 216) ENNIUS (239-169)

216 Battle of _Cannae_. Death of +Paulus+

216-211 +Revolt of Capua+

215 Marcellus saves Nola First Macedonian War 214-205

214-212 +Siege and Capture of Syracuse by Marcellus+ +Death of Archimedes+ 212

212 P. & Cn. Scipio defeated by Hasdrubal Loss of Spain south of the Ebro Hannibal seizes Tarentum

211-206 +P. Cornelius Scipio+ (Africanus Maior) in Spain Rome allied with Aetolians 211

210 Scipio surprises New Carthage

208 +Hasdrubal+ (son of Hamilcar) eludes Scipio and crosses the Pyrenees to join Hannibal Philopoemen, General of Achaean League 208-183

207 +Defeat and Death of Hasdrubal at the Metaurus (Nero)+

204 Scipio goes to Africa: blockades _Utica_ +Peace of Rome with Philip+ 205

203 +Hannibal recalled: leaves Italy+

202 Battle of _Zama_. Peace made ----------------------------------------