Harvesting Ants and Trap-Door Spiders Notes and Observations on Their Habits and Dwellings

PART II.--TRAP-DOOR SPIDERS.

Chapter 2945 wordsPublic domain

Plate VII., p. 88, fig. A.--The nest of _Cteniza fodiens_, the lower part of which is seen in section lying in the earth, the door is artificially represented as partly open; A 1, surface of the door viewed from above; A 2, the spider; A 3, the spider deprived of its legs, from a specimen preserved in spirits [figs. A, A 1, A 2, and A 3, are of the natural size]; A 4, the spider viewed sideways, with the legs removed; A 5, the eyes, viewed from above and in front; A 6, the cephalothorax and falces; A 7, the left hand falx, viewed from the inner side; A 8, the fang of the same; A 9, the tarsal joint of the foremost right leg; A 10, one of the two larger and the smallest claw of the same [figs. A 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, all magnified]. Fig. B, the door of a nest of the same kind, concealed by lichens, below which, on the left hand, the doors of two minute nests of _Nemesia meridionalis_ are seen; B 1, the same, with the doors open; C, the door and mouth of tube of a nest similar to that at A; C 1, the upper surface of this door, which is slightly convex.

Plate VIII., p. 94, fig. A.--The nest of _Nemesia cæmentaria_; A 1, the door of the same, partially open; A 2, the spider; A 3, the same deprived of its legs, from a specimen preserved in spirits [figs. A, A 1, 2, and 3, of the natural size]; figs. A 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 as in Plate VII., and magnified; B, a moss-covered lump of earth, in which the door of a nest of the same type as that at A lies concealed; B 1, the same, with the door open; C, the door and mouth of another similar nest, showing the claw marks on its under surface; D, the closed door of a third nest of the same kind; D 1, the same, opened.

Plate IX., p. 98, fig. A.--The nest of _Nemesia meridionalis_; A 1, the open surface-door and mouth of the tube of the same; A 2, the inner and upper surface of the lower door; A 3, the spider; A 4, the same deprived of its legs, from a specimen preserved in spirits [figs. A, A 1, 2, 3, and 4 are of the natural size]; A 5, the spider viewed sideways, with the legs removed; A 6, the eyes, viewed from above and in front; A 7, the cephalothorax and falces; A 8, the left hand falx viewed from the inner side; A 9, the fang of the same; A 10, the tarsal joint of the foremost right leg; A 11, one of the two larger and the smallest claw of the same [figs. A 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11, magnified]; B, a mass of earth containing the minute nest of a young spider (_N. meridionalis_); B 1, the lower door of this nest; B 2, the spider [figs. B, B 1, and 2, of the natural size].

Plate X., p. 100, fig. A.--Part of a nest of _N. meridionalis_; B, the new and larger upper door of a nest of this spider, with the former and smaller upper door partially united to it; C, another example of enlargement in the upper door of the same spider, showing traces of two previous doors now incorporated. [All the figures are of the natural size.]

Plate XI., p. 105, fig. A.--The upper part of a nest of _N. meridionalis_ concealed in a plant of Ceterach fern; A 1 and A 2, a minute cork-door, closed and open, which I saw constructed by a very young spider [either _Cteniza fodiens_, or, more probably, _Nemesia cæmentaria_] at the mouth of a hole in the mass of earth containing the nest of _N. meridionalis_ figured at A. This hole may be seen on the right of the fern. B, the door of a small nest of _N. meridionalis_, as seen from above, in its natural position in a steeply sloping bank; B 1, part of the same nest placed in an upright position, and showing the surface door open and the lower door closing the branch; B 2, the same with the lower door pushed across so as to close the main tube; B 3, 4, and 5, different views of this second door. [All the figures in this plate are of the natural size.]

Plate XII., p. 106, fig. A.--The nest of _N. Eleanora_ with the surface door artificially represented as being open; A 1, the outer side of the surface door of the same nest into which mosses of two kinds are woven; A 2, the second door of the same nest; A 3, the spider; A 4, the same deprived of its legs, from a specimen preserved in spirits [figs. A, A 1, 2, 3, and 4 are of the natural size]; fig. A 5, the spider viewed sideways, with the legs removed; A 6, the eyes viewed from above and in front; A 7, the cephalothorax and falces; A 8, the left-hand falx viewed from the inner side; A 9, the fang of the same; A 10, the tarsal joint of the foremost right leg; A 11, one of the two larger and the smallest claw of the same [figs. A 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11, magnified]; fig. B and B 1, the upper part of the tube and door of a nest of _N. Eleanora_ which partially projected beyond the surface of the earth and was clothed with living moss. [Figs. B and B 1 are of the natural size.]