Chapter 36

acquire a "confidential" document, 265 _and note_[2]; hopes of, from Parliament, 265, 266, 272; instructions of the first Commissioners, ii. 4 _and note_[3]; failure of the first Commission, 4-5; suggest a treaty on African Slave Trade, 88 _note_[2]; slavery abolition offer, 249 Confederate Agents' correspondence, collections of, i. 261 _note_[1] _See also under personal names_ Confederates, _See under_ Southern States Confiscation Bill, The, ii. 82, 84, 85, 86, 92, 95; Lincoln's attitude to, 82, 84; Lord Russell's comment on, 97 _Constitutionel_, The, cited, ii. 236 _note_[2] Continental Press and American News, ii. 71 _note_[2] Corcoran, ii. 169 Cotton supplies and slavery, i. 13; in British-American commercial relations, 21, 22; British manufacturers' dependence on, 22; effect of the Civil War on, 55, 246; ii. 53; the crop of 1860 ... ii. 7 Blockade, The, and, i. 252 _and note_[2], 253; ii. 9; effect of, on price, i. 262, 270; Napoleon's views on, 290 England, need of, for, i. 196-7, 200 _note_[1], 294, 296; ii. 17, 99; cotton famine in, 294; ii. 6, II _et seq._, 16 _note_[1]; cotton manufacturing industry of, in 1860-1, ii. 6-7, 8; first effects of the war on, 8, 9, 10. _See also under_ Lancashire. France, necessity of, for cotton, i. 279, 290, 293, 294, 296, 300; ii. 17; Mercier's plan to relieve, i. 196-201 Gladstone's Newcastle speech, effect of, on price of, ii. 48; "King Cotton" theory, i. 63; ii. i _et seq._; belief of the South in cotton as a weapon of diplomacy, 2-3, 4, 5 Southern orders for destruction of, ii. 16, 17 _note_[4]; effect of, on British officials, 17 Cowley, Lord, British Ambassador in Paris, i. 88; reports French agreement with British policy on Southern belligerent rights, 88; in the Declaration of Paris negotiations, 88, 143, 156, 157, 158, 162, 167; conversations with Thouvenel in Bunch affair, 189; disturbed at French evasion of direct support, 189, 192, 201 _note_[1]; in _Trent_ affair fears war with America, 214; communications on Southern Ports Bill, 247 _and note_[2]; view of French attitude on Southern Ports Bill, 247; on French policy in Mexico, 260, 261 _note_; ii. 46; quoted, on Thouvenel's view on mediation in Feb., 1862 ... i. 266 _note_[1]; on Mercier's Richmond visit, i. 288; statement of, to Lindsay, after interview with Napoleon, 290; on the possibility of reunion, 290; on the blockade, 290-1; denial of Napoleon's "offer" to England, 290, 291; reports of, on Lindsay's mission, 291-2, 293, 295 _note_[1]; conversations with Thouvenel on Lindsay, 291, 293-4; Napoleon's letter to, on Lindsay, quoted, 295 _note_[2]; interview with Thouvenel on Russell's mediation plan, ii. 38, 39 _and note_, 46; on Napoleon's suggestion of joint mediation, 59; instructed to notify France of England's view of the war as ended and of attitude to Confederate cruisers, 266-7 Otherwise mentioned, i. 218 _note_ Crawford, Consul-General at Havana, ii. 148 Crimean War: Anglo-French agreement regarding neutral commerce, i. 139 Crittenden, i. 49

_Daily Gazette_, The, cited, ii. 109 _note_ _Daily News_, attitude of, during the American Civil War, i. 69-70 _and note_ 1, 176, 181-2; ii. 230 _note_[3], on Lincoln's message to Congress, i. 176; letters of W.W. Story in, 228 _Daily Telegraph_, cited, ii. 50 _note_[1], attitude and circulation of, 189 _note_[2], 226, 230 _note_[3] Dallas, American Minister to Great Britain, i. 62; lack of instructions on American intentions, 62, 108, 112; communications with Lord Russell, 62, 66, 74; despatches to Seward on Russell's intentions, 66-7; Russell's pledge of delay to, 67, 84, 85, 107, 108; report on proposed British joint action with France, 84-5, 86 Otherwise mentioned, i. 74, 96, 156 _note_[1] Dana, R.H., cited, i. 218; _The Trent Affair_, cited, 203 _note_, 205 _note_[2], 237 _note_ Danish question, The, ii. 203-5, 214 Darwin, Charles, quoted, i. 180 _and note_[4] Davis, Bancroft, _Times_ correspondent in New York, i. 56 Davis, Jefferson, personal characteristics of, i. 59, 81, 82: ii. 276; attitude of, in the opening of the crisis, i. 49; elected President of the Southern Government, 59, 81; foreign policy of, 81-2; aristocratic views of, on government, ii. 276; proclamation of, on marque and privateering, i. 83, 89, 90, 92, 111, 121, 122, 141, 160; defensive measures of, in the South, 172; on Bunch's negotiations on Declaration of Paris, 186; replaces Confederate agents to Europe, 203; and the African Slave Trade, ii. 88 _note_[2]; proclamation of retaliation against Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation, 106 _and note_[4]; on England's conduct towards the South, 184; on Southern disorganization, 219; flight of, from Richmond, 248; approves plan of offering abolition of slavery in return for recognition, 249; capture of, 267 British views on, ii. 276 Bunch's characterization of, i. 59, 185 _note_[4] Gladstone's Newcastle speech on, ii. 47 Otherwise mentioned, i. 163 _note_[1], 185 _note_[4], 254, 265 _note_[2], 283; ii. 5, 6, 176 _note_[3], 251, 252, 285 Dayton, American Minister at Paris, i. 129, 142, 143, 145, 150, 151, 163, 165, 167 _note_[3], 168, 200, 231, 300 de Brunow, Russian Ambassador. _See under_ Brunow de Flahault, French Ambassador. _See under _Flahault _Debats_: French press views on military situation, cited, ii. 174 _note_[3] _De Bow's Review_, eulogies of the South in, quoted, ii. 2, 3, 4; on cotton and slavery, 3; view of England's action on blockade, 4 Declaration of Paris, The, i. 102, 139-40; attitude of United States to, 140-1, 156; American offer of adherence during the Civil War, 104, 137, 141-2, 150, 151 Declaration of Paris Negotiation, The, i. 137 _et seq._, 184, 201; British suggestion to France in, i. 88, 91, 142, 146-7, 156, 157 _and note_[3]; American offer of adherence, 104, 137, 141-2, 150, 151; convention agreed between Britain, France, and America, 142-3; addition of a declaration in support of British neutrality proposed by Lord Russell, 143-6, 149, 151, 154, 68, 170, 201; American rejection of convention, 145, 168, 201 American argument at Geneva on effect of British diplomacy in, i. 146 _note_[2] Confederates: approach of, in the negotiation, i. 161, 164, 165, 166, 168 _note_[4], 184-6, 188, 192, 193; Confederate Congress resolution of approval in, 186 Convention, the, proposed by U.S. Cowley's opinion on, i. 167 _and note_[3]; Thouvenel's opinion on, 167; Palmerston's suggestion on, 167 _and note_[4] Seward's motives in, _See under_ Seward Delane, editor of the _Times:_ Palmerston's letters to, on American rights in interception of Confederate Commissioners, i. 207-8, 209; close relations of, with Palmerston, 229 _note_[2]; ii. 145; anticipations of Southern victory, ii. 204 _and note_[2]; on prospective war with America, 254; effect of Sherman's arrival at Savannah on, 245 _and note_[2], 300-1 Otherwise mentioned, i. 177, 178, 180; ii. 65, 289 de Lhuys, M. Drouyn, French Premier, ii. 59 _and note_[4], 60, 63 _note_[5], 168 Democratic element in British Society: lack of press representation, i. 24, 41 Democracy: British views on American institutions, i. 24, 28, 30, 31; ii. 274-5; view of the American struggle as a failure of, 276 _et seq. passim;_ Press comments on the lesson from failure of American democratic institutions, 279, 280, 281, 285, 286, 297; bearing of the Civil War on, 299; aristocratic and conservative attitude to, 286, 287, 297, 298, 300, 301; rise of democratic feeling in Great Britain, 291; effect of the Reform Bill of 1867, 304 Derby, Lord (Leader of the Opposition), i. 76, 77, 79, 94 _and note_[2], 240, 241; attitude to recognition and mediation, i. 240; ii. 51, 52, 53, 54, 77; attacks governmental policy in relation to Laird Rams and Southern shipbuilding, 149-50, 197; approves attitude to Napoleon's mediation proposals, 154-5; speech in motion for address to the Crown on Lincoln's assassination, 263; attacks Government on American "piracy proclamation" at end of the war, 267-8; attitude to expansion of the franchise, i. 77; ii. 276, 303 _and note_[1] Otherwise mentioned, i. 292, 295; ii. 51 _note_[2], 166, 210, 214 _Dial_, The, i. 70 _note_[1] Disraeli, Benjamin (Tory leader in the Commons), i. 79; on _Trent_ affair, 241; connection with Lindsay's motion, 292, 295, 296, 306; ii. 213 _and note_[1]; approval of neutrality, ii. 77, 174 _note_[1]; in Roebuck's motion, 153, 171, 174; attitude to stoppage of Southern shipbuilding, 197; speech, of, on the motion for the Address to the Crown on Lincoln's assassination, 263-4; Reform Bill of (1867) ... 3 03 _and note_[1] Mentioned, ii. 270 _note_[3] Donoughmore, Earl of, ii. 204 _and note_[2]; reply to Mason, 250-1 D'Oubril, ii. 59 _note_[4], 62 _note_[5] Doyle, Percy, i. 218 _note_[1] _Dublin News_, quoted, i. 45, 46 _note_[1] _Dubuque Sun_, The, ii. 22 _note_ Dudley, U.S. Consul at Liverpool, ii. 118, 130 _note_[2], 144, 145 _note_[2] Dufferin, Lord, i. 240 Duffus, R. L., "Contemporary English Popular Opinion on the American Civil War," i. 41 _note_[1]; quoted, 41, 48; cited, 70 _note_[1]; ii. 112 _note_[1] Dumfermline, Lady, i. 224 _note_[3] Dumping of British goods: effect on American feeling, i. 19, 21

_Economist_, The: attitude in the struggle, i. 41, 54, 57, 173-4; ii. 15, 173, 231 _note_; cited or quoted: on Lincoln's election, i. 39 _and note_[1]; on impossibility of Northern reconquest, 57; on secession an accomplished fact, 174; ii. 79; on Bull Run, i. 179; on cotton shortage, i. 55; ii. 14, 15; on servile insurrection, 79; on Cotton Loan, 160, 162; on Roebuck's motion, 173; on extension of the franchise, 277; on American institutions and statesmen, 279-80 _Edinburgh Review_, The: attitude to slavery, i. 33, 45; ii. 281; attitude in the conflict, i. 42; ii. 50 _note_[2], 68; on recognition, 46 _note_[3]; on the Emancipation Proclamation, 103; on the causes of the war, 281 Elliot, chargé, i. 14 Elliott, E.N., editor of _Cotton is King and Pro-Slavery Arguments_, ii. 3 _note_[2] Emancipation, Proclamation of: ii. 74, 78, 80, 86 _and note_[1], 91; idea of military necessity for, 81, 82, 85, 87; Lincoln's alleged purpose in, 87; purpose of, according to Seward, 99-100; viewed as an incitement to servile insurrection, 49, 74, 98, 101, 103 _note_[6] American reception of, ii. 101, 105 British attitude to, ii. 101 _et seq._; Press denunciation of, 102-5, 106; public meetings in favour of, 106 _and note_[2], 107, 108; English women's support of, 109; Nonconformist support, 109, 110; Emancipation societies support of, 110 Confiscation Bill, _See that heading_ _See also_ Border States _and sub-heading under_ Lincoln Emigration, British, to America, i. 23-4; ii. 200-1; _Kearsarge_ incident, 200-1 England: cotton famine. _See under_ Cotton. _See_ Great Britain Erlanger & Co. and Confederate Cotton Loan, ii. 158-60, 161, 162 _and note_[3] European opinion of the Civil War after duration of three years, ii. 219 Eustis, i. 204, 234 _note_[2] Evans, William, ii. 224 Everett, Edward, Russell's letter to, on Proclamation of Neutrality, i. 166 _note_[3] Ewart, question by, in the House of Commons, on Privateers, i. 90 Expatriation, American and British views on, i. 16

Fairfax, Lieut., of the _San Jacinto_, i. 205 Farnall's "Reports on Distress in the Manufacturing Districts," ii. 12 _note_, 20 Fawcett, Prof., ii. 224 _note_[3] Featherstonaugh, G.W., _Excursion through the Slave States_, cited, i. 29 Federals. _See under _Northern Ferguson, Sir James, i. 268; ii. 175 Ferrand, attack by, on cotton manufacturers in the Commons, ii. 164 _Fishmongers of London_: Meeting in honour of Yancey, ii. 223 _note_[1] Fitzgerald, Seymour, i. 306; ii. 25 Fitzwilliam, Hon. C., ii. 193 Flahault, M. de, French Ambassador, i. 88, 197, 260 _note_[1], 288, 291, 293; ii. 19 _note_[3], 45 Forbes, J.M., and Aspinwall, Mission of, in England, ii. 130 _note_[2], 297 Forbes, J. M., quoted on the Civil War viewed as a fight for Democracy,