Chapter 14

the "Indian problem" under Washington's administration, 83-105; erroneous popular ideas of, 84, 85; real character and military ability, 85-87; understood by Washington, 87, 88; a real danger in 1788, 88; situation in the Northwest, 89; difficulties with Cherokees and Creeks, 89, 90; influence of Spanish intrigue, 90; successful treaty with Creeks, 90, 91; wisdom of this policy, 92; warfare in the Northwest, 92; defeats of Harmar and Hardin, 93; causes for the failure, 93, 94; intrigues of England, 92, 94, 175, 178; expedition and defeat of St. Clair, 95-97; results, 99; expedition of Wayne, 100, 102; his victory, 103; success of Washington's policy toward, 104, 105.

Iredell, James, appointed to Supreme Court, ii. 73.

JACKSON, MAJOR, accompanies Washington to opening of Congress, ii. 78.

Jameson, Colonel, forwards Andrews letter to Arnold, i. 284; receives orders from Washington, 285.

Jay, John, on opposition in Congress, to Washington, i. 222; consulted by Washington as to etiquette, ii. 54; appointed chief justice, 72; publishes card against Genet, 159; appointed on special mission to England, 177; his character, 177; instructions from Washington, 179; his reception in England, 180; difficulties in negotiating, 181; concludes treaty, 182; burnt in effigy while absent, 186; execrated after news of treaty, 187; hampered by Monroe in France, 213.

Jay treaty, ii. 180-184; opposition to and debate over signing, 184-201; reasons of Washington for signing, 205.

Jefferson, Thomas, his flight from Cornwallis, i. 307; discusses with Washington needs of government, ii. 9; adopts French democratic phraseology, 27; contrast with Washington, 27, 28, 69; criticises Washington's manners, 56; made secretary of state, 68; his previous relations with Washington, 68; his character, 69; supposed to be a friend of the Constitution, 72; his objections to President's opening Congress, 79; on weights and measures, 81; letter of Washington to on assumption of state debts, 107; makes bargain with Hamilton, 108; opposes a bank, 110; asked to prepare neutrality instructions, 146; upholds Genet, 153; argues against him publicly, supports him privately, 154; notified of French privateer Little Sarah, 155; allows it to sail, 155; retires to country and is censured by Washington, 156; assures Washington that vessel will wait his decision, 156; his un-American attitude, 157; wishes to make terms of note demanding Genet's recall mild, 158; argues that United States is bound by French treaty, 170, 171; begs Madison to answer Hamilton's "Camillus" letters, 206; his attitude upon first entering cabinet, 223; causes for his breach with Hamilton, 224; jealousy, incompatibility of temper, 224; his democratic opinions, 225; skill in creating party catch-words, 225; prints "Rights of Man" with note against Adams, 226; attacks him further in letter to Washington, 226; brings Freneau to Philadelphia and gives him an office, 227; denies any connection with Freneau's newspaper, 227; his real responsibility, 228; his purpose to undermine Hamilton, 228; causes his friends to attack him, 229; writes a letter to Washington attacking Hamilton's treasury measures, 229; fails to produce any effect, 230; winces under Hamilton's counter attacks, 230; reiterates charges and asserts devotion to Constitution, 231; continues attacks and resigns, 234; wishes reëlection of Washington, 235; his charge of British sympathies resented by Washington, 252; plain letter of Washington to, 259; Washington's opinion of, 259; suggests Logan's mission to France, 262, 265; takes oath as vice-president, 276; regarded as a Jacobin by Federalists, 294; jealous of Washington, 306; accuses him of senility, 307; a genuine American, 309.

Johnson, William, Tory leader in New York, i. 143.

Johnstone, Governor, peace commissioner, i. 233.

Jumonville, De, French leader, declared to have been assassinated by Washington, i. 74,79; really a scout and spy, 75.

KENTUCKY RESOLUTIONS, condemned by Washington, ii. 266-268.

King, Clarence, his opinion that Washington was not American, ii. 308.

King, Rufus, publishes card exposing Genet, ii. 159.

King's Bridge, fight at, i. 170.

Kip's Landing, fight at, i. 168.

Kirkland, Rev. Samuel, negotiates with Six Nations, ii. 101.

Knox, Henry, brings artillery to Boston from Ticonderoga, i. 152; accompanies Washington to meet De Rochambeau, 283; at West Point, 285; sent by Washington to confer with governors of States, 295; urged by Washington to establish Western posts, ii. 7; letters of Washington to, 30, 39; made secretary of war, 65; his character, 65; a Federalist, 71; deals with Creeks, 91; urges decisive measure against Genet, 154, 155; letters of Washington to, 260; selected by Washington as third major-general, 286; given first place by Adams, 286; angry at Hamilton's higher rank, 288; refuses the office, 289; his offer to serve on Washington's staff refused, 289; Washington's affection for, 317, 362.

LAFAYETTE, Madame de, aided by Washington, ii. 366; letter of Washington to, 377.

Lafayette, Marquis de, Washington's regard for, i. 192; his opinion of Continental troops, 196; sent on fruitless journey to the lakes by cabal, 222, 253; encouraged by Washington, 225; narrowly escapes being cut off by Clinton, 233; appointed to attack British rear, 235; superseded by Lee, 235; urges Washington to come, 235; letter of Washington to, regarding quarrel between D'Estaing and Sullivan, 245; regard of Washington for, 249; desires to conquer Canada, 254; his plan not supported in France, 256; works to get a French army sent, 264; brings news of French army and fleet, 274; tries to get De Rochambeau to attack New York, 280; accompanies Washington to meet De Rochambeau, 283; told by Washington of Arnold's treachery, 285; on court to try André, 287; opinion of Continental soldiers, 293; harasses Cornwallis, 307; defeated at Green Springs, 307; watches Cornwallis at Yorktown, 308; reinforced by De Grasse, 312; persuades him to remain, 315; sends Washington French wolf-hounds, ii. 2; letters of Washington to, 23, 26, 118, 144, 165, 222, 261; his son not received by Washington, 253; later taken care of, 277, 281, 366; his worth, early seen by Washington, 334; Washington's affection for, 365; sends key of Bastile to Mt. Vernon, 365; helped by Washington, 365,366.

Laurens, Henry, letter of Conway cabal to, making attack on Washington, i. 222; letters of Washington to, 254, 288; sent to Paris to get loans, 299.

Lauzun, Duc de, repulses Tarleton at Yorktown, i. 317.

Lear, Tobias, Washington's secretary, ii. 263; his account of Washington's last illness, 299-303, 385; letters to, 361, 382.

Lee, Arthur, example of Virginia gentleman educated abroad, i. 23.

Lee, Charles, visits Mt. Vernon, his character, i. 132; accompanies Washington to Boston, 136; aids Washington in organizing army, 140; disobeys orders and is captured, 175; objects to attacking Clinton, 234; first refuses, then claims command of van, 235; disobeys orders and retreats, 236; rebuked by Washington, 236, 237; court martial of and dismissal from army, 237; his witty remark on taking oath of allegiance, ii. 375.

Lee, Henry, marries Lucy Grymes, Washington's "Lowland Beauty," i. 96.

Lee, Henry, son of Lucy Grymes, Washington's "Lowland Beauty," i. 96; ii. 362; captures Paulus Hook, i. 269; letters of Washington to, ii. 23, 26, 149, 235, 239, 242, 252; considered for command against Indians, 100; commands troops to suppress Whiskey Rebellion, 127; Washington's affection for, 362.

Lee, Richard Henry, unfriendly to Washington, i. 214; letter of Washington to, ii. 160.

Lewis, Lawrence, at opening of Congress, ii. 78; takes social duties at Mt. Vernon, 280.

Liancourt, Duc de, refused reception by Washington, ii. 253.

Lincoln, Abraham, compared with Washington, i. 349; ii. 308-313.

Lincoln, Benjamin, sent by Washington against Burgoyne, i. 210; fails to understand Washington's policy and tries to hold Charleston, 273, 274; captured, 276; commissioner to treat with Creeks, ii. 90.

Lippencott, Captain, orders hanging of Huddy, i. 327; acquitted by English court martial, 328.

Little Sarah, the affair of, 155-157.

Livingston, Chancellor, administers oath at Washington's inauguration, ii. 46.

Livingston, Edward, moves call for papers relating to Jay treaty, ii. 207.

Logan, Dr. George, goes on volunteer mission to France, ii. 262; ridiculed by Federalists, publishes defense, 263; calls upon Washington, 263; mercilessly snubbed, 263-265.

Long Island, battle of, i. 164,165.

London, Lord, disappoints Washington by his inefficiency, i. 91.

Lovell, James, follows the Adamses in opposing Washington, i. 214; wishes to supplant him by Gates, 215; writes hostile letters, 222.

MACKENZIE, CAPTAIN, letter of Washington to, i. 130.

Madison, James, begins to desire a stronger government, ii. 19, 29; letters of Washington to, 30, 39, 53; chosen for French mission, but does not go, 211.

Magaw, Colonel, betrayed at Fort Washington, i. 175.

"Magnolia," Washington's pet colt, beaten in a race, i. 99, 113; ii. 381.

Marshall, John, Chief Justice, on special commission to France, ii. 284; tells anecdote of Washington's anger at cowardice, 392.

Maryland, the Washington family in, i.36.

Mason, George, discusses political outlook with Washington, i. 119; letter of Washington to, 263; an opponent of the Constitution, ii. 71; friendship of Washington for, 362; debates with Washington the site of Pohick Church, 381.

Mason, S.T., communicates Jay treaty to Bache, ii. 185.

Massey, Rev. Lee, rector of Pohick Church, i. 44.

Mathews, George, letter of Washington to, i. 294.

Matthews, Edward, makes raids in Virginia, i. 269.

Mawhood, General, defeated at Princeton, i. 182.

McGillivray, Alexander, chief of the Creeks, ii. 90; his journey to New York and interview with Washington, 91.

McHenry, James, at West Point, i. 284; letters to, 325, ii. 22, 278, 287, 384; becomes secretary of war, 246; advised by Washington not to appoint Democrats, 260, 261.

McKean, Thomas, given letters to Dr. Logan, ii. 265.

McMaster, John B., calls Washington "an unknown man," i. 7, ii. 304; calls him cold, 332, 352; and avaricious in small ways, 352.

Meade, Colonel Richard, Washington's opinion of, ii. 335.

Mercer, Hugh, killed at Princeton, i. 182.

Merlin,----, president of Directory, interview with Dr. Logan, ii. 265.

Mifflin, Thomas, wishes to supplant Washington by Gates, i. 216; member of board of war, 221; put under Washington's orders, 226; replies to Washington's surrender of commission, 349; meets Washington on journey to inauguration, ii. 44; notified of the Little Sarah, French privateer, 154; orders its seizure, 155.

Militia, abandon Continental army, i. 167; cowardice of, 168; despised by Washington, 169; leave army again, 175; assist in defeat of Burgoyne, 211.

Mischianza, i. 232.

Monmouth, battle of, i. 235-239.

Monroe, James, appointed minister to France, ii. 211; his character, 212; intrigues against Hamilton, 212; effusively received in Paris, 212; acts foolishly, 213; tries to interfere with Jay, 213; upheld, then condemned and recalled by Washington, 213, 214; writes a vindication, 215; Washington's opinion of him, 215, 216; his selection one of Washington's few mistakes, 334.

Montgomery, General Richard, sent by Washington to invade Canada, i. 143.

Morgan, Daniel, sent against Burgoyne by Washington, i. 208; at Saratoga, 210; wins battle of Cowpens, joins Greene, 301.

Morris, Gouverneur, letters of Washington to, i. 248, 263; efforts towards financial reform, 264; quotes speech of Washington at Federal convention in his eulogy,