CHAPTER III.

THE “DIALOGUES” AND THE JESUITS.

Publication of the “Dialogues.”—Applause of Galileo’s friends and the learned world.—The hostile party.—The Jesuits as leaders of learning.—Deprived of their monopoly by Galileo.—They become his bitter foes.—Having the _Imprimatur_ for Rome and Florence, Galileo thought himself doubly safe.—The three dolphins.—Scheiner.—Did “Simplicius” personate the Pope?—Conclusive arguments against it.—Effect of the accusation.—Urban’s motives in instituting the Trial 151