Forty Centuries of Ink Or, A chronological narrative concerning ink and its backgrounds, introducing incidental observations and deductions, parallels of time and color phenomena, bibliography, chemistry, poetical effusions, citations, anecdotes and curiosa together with some evidence respecting the evanescent character of most inks of to-day and an epitome of chemico-legal ink.

ARTIFICIAL INK AND PAPER OWE THEIR INVENTION TO THE WASP--PHoeNICIA, "LAND OF THE PURPLE-DYE" --LINES, ADDRESSED TO THE PHoeNICIAN--OLDEST EXISTING PIECE OF LITERARY COMPOSITION...

ESTIMATED VALUE OF SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE AS HELD BY THE COURT OF APPEALS--NOW BEYOND THE PURVIEW OF CRITICISM--VERDICTS IN THE TRIALS OF CAUSES AFFECTED BY SUCH EVIDENCE--LENGTH O...

FIRST COMPLETE OFFICIAL INVESTIGATION OF INK IN THIS COUNTRY--THE HONOR DUE TO ROBERT T. SWAN OF BOSTON--RESUME OF HIS REPORTS TO THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF MASSACHUSETTS--...

"INDIAN" INK--SPANISH LICORICE--BITUMEN--CARBON FROM PETROLEUM--PROCESS TO OBTAIN GALLIC ACID--EFFECT OF SUGAR IN INK--DARK COLORED GALLS BEST FOR INK MAKING--SUBSTITUTES FOR GA...

THE ORIGIN OF INK--COMPOSITION OF THE COLORED INKS OF ANTIQUITY--ANCIENT NAMES FOR BLACK INKS--METHODS OF THEIR MANUFACTURE--THE INVENTION OF "INDIAN" INK--THE ART OF DYEING HIS...

THE PERGAMUS LIBRARY COMPOSED PRINCIPALLY OF PARCHMENT VOLUMES--CAUSES WHICH CONTRIBUTED TO THE SUBSTITUTION OF PARCHMENT FOR PAPYRUS --ANECDOTE ABOUT EUMENES AND PTOLEMY PHILAD...

THE INVENTION OF THE ART OF WRITING--TO WHOM IT BELONGS--ITS UTILIZATION BY NATIONS AND INDIVIDUALS--WHEN IT IS FIRST MENTIONED IN THE BIBLE--CITATIONS FROM THE ENCYCLOPaeDIA BR...

THE MATERIALS AND METHODS EMPLOYED IN PREPARING THE INK MSS. OF ANTIQUITY--THE INTRODUCTION OF PARCHMENT AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR PAPYRUS--MODE OF WRITING ON PARCHMENT--HOW SEPARATE...

SOME GENERAL OBSERVATIONS ABOUT PAPER-MAKING MATERIALS--PROBABILITIES AS TO THE FUTURE OF THE PUBLIC RECORDS--ESTIMATION OF SUCH MATTERS BY THE LATE POPE--INVENTION OF WOOD-PULP...

WHEN IT WAS THAT TRUE PAPER WAS INVENTED--CITATIONS FROM MUNSELL ABOUT CHINESE AND OTHER ANCIENT PAPER--A SHORT CHRONOLOGY FROM THE SAME AUTHOR--LINEN PAPER IN USE IN THE TWELFT...

"BLACK-LEAD" PENCILS AN EXCELLENT PEN SUBSTITUTE UNDER CERTAIN CONDITIONS--ITS COMPOSITION-- "BLACK-LEAD" CONTAINS NO LEAD, HENCE THE NAME IS MISAPPLIED--THE DISCOVERY OF ITS PR...

IMPORTANCE OF HONEST INK MANUFACTURE--ABSENCE OF INFORMATION AS TO NAMES OF MOST ANCIENT INK MAKERS,--WHERE TO LOOK FOR ANCIENT INK--THEIR PHENOMENAL IDENTITY--INK AND PAPER AS...

THE DISAPPEARANCE AND PRESERVATION OF INK WRITINGS, AS ESTIMATED BY LA CROIX--COMMENTS OF OTHER WRITERS--DE VINNE'S INTERESTING EXPLANATIONS OF THE STATUS QUO OF MANUSCRIPT WRIT...

CONTROVERSIES AMONG HEBREW SCHOLARS RELATING TO RITUALISTIC INKS--THE CLASS OF INKS EMPLOYED BY THE FRENCH AND GERMAN JEWS--CONVENTION OF REPRESENTATIVES FROM JEWISH CENTERS--SU...

INVESTIGATIONS BY STARK OF INK QUALITIES COVERING A PERIOD OF TWENTY-THREE YEARS--ABSTRACT FROM HIS REPORT OF 1855--DR. CHILTON EXPERIMENTS IN NEW YORK CITY 1856--ACTION OF THE...

INK TREATISES OF THE FIFTEENTH, SIXTEENTH AND SEVENTEENTH CENTURIES--JOHN BAPTISTA PORTA AUTHOR OF THE FIRST--SECRET INKS---NERI, CANEPARIUS, BOREL, MERRET, KUNCKEL AND OTHER AU...

FROM WHENCE COMES THE NAME PAPER--FIRST CENTURY COMMENT ABOUT IT--KNIGHT'S COMMENTS MORE THAN 1,800 YEARS LATER--PAPYRUS AN EGYPTIAN REED--NAMES BESTOWED BY ANCIENT WRITERS--THE...

LACK OF INTEREST AS TO THE COMPOSITION OF INK DURING PART OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY--THE CONDITIONS WHICH THEN PREVAILED NEARLY THE SAME AS THE PRESENT TIME--CHEMISTRY OF INK NO...

FAMOUS CASE OF CRITTEN V. CHEMICAL NATIONAL BANK--STORY OF THE CASE INCLUDED IN THE OPINION OF THE COURT OF APPEALS AS WRITTEN BY JUSTICE EDGAR M. CULLEN--THE PINKERTON CASE OF...

REMARKS OF ARCH-DEACON CARLISLE--WHEN READING AND WRITING CEASED TO BE MYSTERIES--ORIGIN OF THE WORDS CLERK AND SIGN--SCARCITY OF MANUSCRIPTS --FOUNDING OF IRISH SCHOOLS OF LEAR...

INK SECRETAS OF THE TWELFTH CENTURY COMPARED WITH EARLIER ONES--APPEARANCE OF TANNO-GALLATE OF IRON INK IN THE TWELFTH CENTURY--ITS INTRODUCTION LOCATES THE EPOCH WHEN THE MODER...

DESTRUCTION OF THE PERGAMUS LIBRARY OF ALEXANDRIA-- SOME OBSERVATIONS BY SIR THOMAS ASTLE --COMPARISON OF HIS STATEMENTS WITH THOSE OF PROFESSOR ANTHON RELATIVE TO FRAGMENTS OF...

THE GRAVING TOOL PRECEDES THE PEN--CLASSIFICATION UNDER TWO HEADS, ONE WHICH SCRATCHED AND THE OTHER WHICH USED AN INK--THE STYLUS AND THE MATERIALS OF WHICH IT WAS COMPOSED--PO...

ASCERTAINMENT OF A CORRECT INK FORMULA THE WORK OF OVER A CENTURY--CHARACTER OF THE EVIDENCE WHICH ESTABLISHES IT--THE INVESTIGATIONS OF THE AUTHOR IN THIS DIRECTION AND COMPARI...

THE QUILL PEN THE MOST SUCCESSFUL AND FITTING OF ALL WRITING INSTRUMENTS--TENDENCY TO "WEAR" OUT--THE SOMETIMES AFFECTION FOR OLD PENS--DR. HOLLAND'S LINES ON THE PEN--SELECTION...

THE SECRETAS PRECEDE ALCHEMY AND CHEMISTRY--EFFORT TO IMPROVE GALL INKS--VARIATIONS IN INK COLORS--THE USE OF RED INK IN THE NINTH AND TENTH CENTURIES--COLOR COMPARISONS BETWEEN...

CONDITION OF INK WHEN FIRST PLACED ON PAPER--ITS METAMORPHOSIS AND AFFINITIES--IGNORANCE OF THE FORGER AS TO ITS ORIGINAL ENVIRONMENT--TREATMENT OF OLD INK MARKS--HOW PAPER MAY...

A COMPILATION of the methods of Robertson, W. Thompson (Lord Kelvin), Irvine, Wislar, Hoffman and others, relative to the chemical examination of ink marks, is to be found in "A...

DETECTION OF ALTERATIONS IN DOCUMENTS BY CHEMICAL TESTS WHICH APPLY SOLELY TO THE PAPER--ACCURACY OF RESULTS OBTAINED BY USE OF IODINE EXCELS THAT OF ALL OTHER CHEMICALS--IT APP...

INK USED BY US HAS NOTHING IN COMMON WITH THAT OF THE ANCIENTS--MANUFACTURERS OF THE PRESENT TIME HAVE LARGELY UTILIZED FORMULAS EMPLOYED IN PAST CENTURIES--THE COMMON ACCEPTATI...

THE term "added color," as applied to ink, is the popular phraseology for a multitude of materials which have been more or less utilized for a period of centuries, in adulterati...

INK OF GRAY COLOR BELONGING TO THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY AND ITS CAUSES--INFLUENCE OF THE FATHERS OF THE CHURCH RESPECTING INK DURING THE DARK AGES--THE REFORMATION AND HOW IT AFFEC...