Part 31

Preston Pans, 69.

Prince Charlie’s Caves, 206.

Pringle, Sir John, 74, 274, 281.

Prisons, 54, 146. _See_ DUNGEON.

Pulteney, William (Earl of Bath), 232.

Querns, 211.

Quin, James, 280.

Raasay, 2, 19, 142, 171-79.

Raeburn, Sir Henry, 192.

Ramsay, Allan, 77, 267, 269, 298.

Ramsay, John, of Ochtertyre, 45, 56, 174, 189, 241, 272, 278, 294.

Ranelagh Gardens, 49.

Rattachan. _See_ MAM RATTACHAN.

Ray, James, 129, 149.

Rebellion of 1745-46, 101, 119, 123, 127, 129, 134, 142-46, 149-52, 154-55, 171, 179, 181, 264-65, 296, 298.

Reformation, The, 16.

Reid, Rev. Dr. Thomas, 63, 120, 263.

Reynolds, Sir Joshua, 17, 123, 127, 249, 277, 283.

Ritter, Joseph, 86.

Rizzio, David, 85.

Roads, 87, 147-48, 184, 224, 245, 260.

Robert II., 267.

Robertson, Rev. Dr. William, 14, 22, 48, 63, 66, 77, 81-5, 123, 223, 298-99.

Robinson, “Peter,” 79.

Rochester, Earl of, 91.

Rogers, Samuel, 59.

Roger, Professor Thorold, 237.

Rollo, Lord, 119.

Room-setters, 71, _n._ 4.

Rorie More, 186, 190, 193-96.

Rosedew, 257.

Rosslyn Chapel, 304.

Rosslyn, first Earl of, 287.

Rousseau, 5, 77, 111, 287.

Rowlandson, Thomas, 281.

Royal Charlotte, 192.

Ruddiman, Thomas, 80, 109.

Rum, Isle of, 213.

Ruskin, John, 57.

Russell, Lord William, 303.

Sacheverell, William, 162, 216, 219, 229.

Sacrament-Sunday, 201.

Saint-Fond, Faujas de, 29, 51, 84, 90, 92, 96-7, 243, 252-56.

Salters, 69, 236.

_Saluting_, 182.

Sandiland, 224.

Scalpa, 173.

Scarsdale, Lord, 168.

Scenery, 24-34, 87, 218.

Schools, 259.

Sconser, 211.

SCOTCH, boastful, 14; clannish, 14; combination, 14, 39; decencies of life neglected, 41-8; English abuse, 38; English ignorance of them, 24, 36; English imitated, 7, 60-3; historical nation, 63; hospitality, 65; ill-fed, 41; learning, 60, 290; neglect of the beautiful, 32; outcry against Johnson, 8-15; road to England, 38; sensitive to criticism, 7; vigour of character, 32, 38, 40.

Scots Hunters, 49.

Scots Magazine, 7.

SCOTT, SIR WALTER, Lord Auchinleck, 274, 278; Sir A. Boswell, 283-84; Buchanan a favourite author, 91; colliers and salters, 259; cruise in 1814, 124; Duke of Cumberland, 143; death of Col, 220; dominies, 279; at Dunvegan, 188, 191, 193, 195; Lord Elibank, 298; Highland accommodation, 8; Highland dress, 172; house in the College Wynd, 48, 78; Inch Kenneth, 221; inns, 151; Iona, 229; Johnson and Adam Smith, 263; Johnson’s _Ode_, 168; last quotation from Johnson, 83; _Johnston_, 234; Lord Monboddo, 112, 114; _Old Mortality_, 291; _Peveril of the Peak_, 79; his popularity, 286; Scotch learning, 61; Archbishop Sharpe, 88; at St. Andrews, 96; in Skye, 1; Lord Stowell, 71; at Tobermory, 217; trees, 34; Wizard of the North, 38.

Scott, William (Lord Stowell), 68, 71.

Seaforth, Lord, 161.

Sharpe, Archbishop, 88, 97.

Sheep-shearing, 163.

Shenstone, William, 72, 214.

Sidney, Algernon, 303.

Sikes, Sir Charles, 285.

Silver fork, 252.

Singing, 173.

Singing-birds, 163.

Skinner, Rev. John, 119.

Skye, the verge of European life, 170; one magistrate, 177.

Slains Castle, 124-29.

Slaves, 292.

Sligachan, 211.

Smallet of Dumbarton, 217.

SMITH, ADAM, praises Boswell, 272; conversation, 278; farming, 35; Kirkaldy, 66, 87-8; old town of Edinburgh, 59; peasantry, 41; professor at Glasgow, 263; reported quarrel with Johnson, 263; room in Hume’s house, 67, 74; Select Society, 298; no statue to him, 77; tax on coal, 263; the Union, 39; _Wealth of Nations_, 63.

Smith, ——, an architect, 294.

Smoking, 91.

Smollett, Commissary, 260.

SMOLLETT, TOBIAS, ancestor, 217; beggars, 43; churches, 82; Edinburgh High Street, 52; Lord Elibank, 297; funerals, 227; Glasgow, 264; Hamilton, 291; Highland dress, 172; and meals, 44; _Humphry Clinker_, 37; inns, 50; living, 41, 46; his pillar, 261; rebel prisoners, 155; St. Andrews, 91; _Tears of Scotland_, 142; turnips, 36; Union, 39.

Snuff, 161.

Society for Propagating Christian Knowledge, 266.

Soldiers, 154, 165.

Somerset, Duke of, 69.

South, Rev. Dr. Robert, 16 _n._ 6.

Southey, Robert, 105 _n._ 1.

Spanish Invasion, 158, 217.

Speke, Captain, 136.

Spey, 130.

_Spouse_, 107.

ST. ANDREWS, 16, 17, 88-103; Castle, 92; Cathedral, 94, 102; Cloisters, 95; Glass’s Inn, 89; nonjuring parson, 119; professors’ dinner, 97; St. Leonard’s College, 89; St. Mary’s College, 100; St. Salvator’s College, 99; St. Rule, 96; streets, 91; trees, 97; University, 98-9, 102.

St. Kilda, 198.

Stablers, 51, 69.

Staffa, 24, 226.

Stairs, Earl of, 296.

State of nature, 260.

Steamboats, 256.

Stewart, Lady Henrietta, 142.

Stockdale, Rev. Percival, 98.

Stone, Jerome, 101.

Strahan, George, 186.

Strahan, William, 14, 59.

Streatham, 176, 276.

Strolimus, 212.

Struan, 205.

Stuart, James, of Dunearn, 284.

Stuckgown, 256.

Sugar-tongs, 6.

Supper-parties, 65.

Swift, Jonathan, 82, 189, 191.

Tait, John, 264.

Talisker, 206-11.

Tarbet, 253, 255-57.

Tay Bridge, 240.

Taylor, Rev. Dr., 305.

Temple, Sir William, 61, 272.

Temple, Rev. W. J., 267.

Tennyson, Lord, 249, 294.

Thomson, James, 57, 63.

Thrale, Mrs., 1, 23, 168, 199, 292.

Thrale, Miss, 156, 224.

Tobermory, 216-18.

Toland, John, 175.

Toll-gates, 87.

Topham, Edward, 9, 42, 47, 50, 182, 261.

Towns, their oddness, 51.

Tranent, 69.

Transportation, 116.

Trapaud, Governor, 161.

Trees, 16, 32-4, 149, 190, 227, 232, 249, 275, 288, 296, 302.

Trevelyan, Sir George, 135, 253.

Turk’s Head Coffee-house, 23, 292.

Turnips, 35.

Tytler, A. F., 277, 304.

Ulinish, 204.

Ulva, 4, 218-221.

Union, 15, 39, 236.

Universities, 83, 99, 120-22, 265.

_Up streets_, 53, _n._ 3.

_Utensils_, 176.

Vails, 48.

Vegetables, 35, 44.

Venice, 16.

Vested interests, 237.

Village communities, 177.

Vitrified forts, 148.

Voltaire, 22, 123, 280.

Wade, General, 147, 150.

Waggons, 87.

Wales, 85.

Walker, Rev. George, 289.

Wallace, Rev. Robert, D.D., 9.

Wallace, Sir William, 294.

Waller, Edmund, 121.

Walpole, Horace, 37, 64, 127, 132, 215, 248, 250, 296-97, 303.

Walpole, Sir Robert, 231.

Walton, Isaac, 102.

Washing, 137.

Washington, George, 188.

Watson, Professor Robert, 63, 89.

Watts, Mr., the painter, 229.

Wellington, Duke of, 301.

WESLEY, JOHN, Aberbrothick, 105; Aberdeen, 119; arrested, 56; Edinburgh dirt, 47; freeman of Perth, 117; funerals, 241; Glasgow, 264-65; Holy Rood House, 85; inns, 49; Inverness, 145, 149, 163; Johnson’s Tour, 17; meals, 44; mountain scenery, 28; Nairn, 135; preaching to the Scotch, 40; reforming mobs, 94; Spey, 130; St. Andrews, 89, 99; towns, 51.

Wheaten bread, 44, 161, 257.

Whigs, 282.

Whisky, 245.

White Horse, 69.

Whitefield, Rev. George, 76.

Wia, 205.

Wilkes, John, 66.

William III., 274.

Wilkie, William, D.D., 10.

Wilson, John, 77.

Windows, 47.

Wishart, George, 93.

Witches, 90.

Wolfe, Major-General James, 25, 41, 47, 142-43, 145, 154, 171, 254.

Worcestershire Volunteers, 265.

Wordsworth, William, 28, 32, 135, 254.

Writers to the Signet, 222.

Yew Tree Island, 258.

Zoffany, John, 188, 195.

* * * * *

* * * * *

* * * * *

FOOTNOTES:

[1] John Knox’s _Tour through the Highlands_, pp. 77, 132.

[2] Croker’s _Boswell_, p. 314.

[3] Croker’s _Correspondence_, ii. 33; Croker’s _Boswell_, p. 409.

[4] Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 36.

[5] Johnson calls this mountain “Ratiken;” Boswell, “the Rattakin.” It is known as Mam-Rattachan. _Mam_ signifies _a mountain pass_ or _chasm_. See Blackie’s _Etymological Geography_ (ed. 1875), p. 112.

[6] Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 63.

[7] “The peats at Dunvegan, which were damp, Dr. Johnson called ‘a sullen fuel.’ Here a Scottish phrase was singularly applied to him. One of the company having remarked that he had gone out on a stormy evening, and brought in a supply of peats from the stack, old Mr. M’Sweyn said, ‘that was _main honest_.’”—Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 303.

[8] See Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 214, for Boswell’s account.

[9] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 258.

[10] My informant placed the scene of this story at the house of a Captain or Colonel Campbell in Mull. There was a Mr. Campbell, one of the Duke of Argyle’s tacksmen, or chief tenants, in that island, who furnished Boswell and Johnson with horses; but it is not mentioned that they went to his house—they certainly did not pass a night there. See Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 332, 340.

[11] Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 142.

[12] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 341.

[13] See _Les Confessions_, bk. iii.

[14] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 256.

[15] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 138.

[16] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 337.

[17] See _Letters of David Hume to William Strahan_, pp. 56, 114, 132.

[18] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 20.

[19] _Scots Magazine_, 1773, p. 133.

[20] _Ib._ 1784, p. 685.

[21] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 406.

[22] _Ib._ ii. 305-6.

[23] Croker’s _Correspondence_, ii. 34.

[24] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 306.

[25] _Ib._ ii. 303-5.

[26] _Letters from Edinburgh_, 1774-5, London, 1776, published without a name, but written by Captain Edward Topham, pp. 137-140. Arnot, in his _History of Edinburgh_, p. 361, after ridiculing Topham’s statement, that golf is played on the top of Arthur’s Seat, continues: “These letters are written with spirit and impartiality. But the facts and criticisms contained in them are for the most part equally ill-founded. Yet so candid is the author amidst his errors, that it is hard to say whether he is more erroneous when he speaks in praise or censure of the Scottish nation.” It is possible and perhaps probable that he has exaggerated the ill-will against Johnson. The passage which he puts in quotation marks is not in the _Journey_.

[27] Knox’s _Tour_, p. lxvii.

[28] Burton’s _Life of Hume_, ii. 31.

[29] Boswell’s _Johnson_, i. 396.

[30] Walpole’s _Journal of the Reign of George III._ (ed. 1859), ii. 17, 483.

[31] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 307.

[32] Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 19.

[33] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 308.

[34] Macaulay’s _Miscellaneous Writings_, ed. 1871, p. 390.

[35] _Remarks on Dr. Johnson’s Journey to the Hebrides_, pp. 263-7.

[36] _Remarks on Dr. Johnson’s Journey to the Hebrides_, p. 270.

[37] Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 8.

[38] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 71.

[39] _M’Nicol_, p. 287.

[40] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 114.

[41] _M’Nicol_, p. 273.

[42] See _ante_, p. 5.

[43] _M’Nicol_, p. 266.

[44] Boswell’s _Johnson_, iv. 183.

[45] _Ib._ ii. 435, _n._ 1, and Forbes’s _Life of Beattie_, p. 218.

[46] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 306.

[47] _Ib._ ii. 301.

[48] _Ib._ v. 20.

[49] _Ib._ ii. 307.

[50] _Ib._ ii. 296.

[51] _Works_, ix. 158.

[52] _Ib._ p. 154.

[53] _Ib._ p. 116.

[54] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 128.

[55] _Ib._ v. 248.

[56] _Works_, ix. 24. Hottentot—“a respectable Hottentot”—was the term which for more than a hundred years was supposed to have been applied to Johnson by Lord Chesterfield. I have proved, however, that it was not Johnson, but the first Lord Lyttelton who was meant. See my _Dr. Johnson: His Friends and his Critics_, p. 214, and my edition of Boswell’s _Johnson_, i. 267.

[57] Forbes’s _Life of Beattie_, p. 217.

[58] _Works_, ix. 76.

[59] _Ib._ p. 86.

[60] _Works_, ix. 86.

[61] _Ib._

[62] _Ib._ p. 112.

[63] _Ib._ p. 47.

[64] _Ib._ p. 115.

[65] _Ib._ p. 3. Johnson, it should be remarked, does not write “the ruffians of the Reformation.” He uses the word as South does, when he speaks of “those times which had reformed so many churches to the ground” (South’s _Sermons_, ed. 1823, i. 173). No man upheld the Reformed Church of England more strongly than South.

[66] _Works_, ix. 6.

[67] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 61.

[68] _Works_, ix. 61.

[69] _Ib._ p. 4.

[70] _Ib._ p. 7.

[71] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 306.

[72] Wesley’s _Journal_, iv. 74. He repeats this statement five years later (_Ib._ p. 207).

[73] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 290.

[74] _Works_, ix. 161.

[75] _Ib._ p. 159.

[76] _Ib._ p. 1.

[77] _Ib._ p. 3.

[78] _Works_, p. 11.

[79] _Works_, p. 14.

[80] _Ib._ p. 10.

[81] _Ib._ pp. 30, 159.

[82] _Ib._ p. 102.

[83] _Ib._ p. 54.

[84] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 288.

[85] _Works_, ix. 118.

[86] _Ib._ p. 25.

[87] _Ib._ p. 32.

[88] _Ib._ pp. 50, 97.

[89] _Ib._ p. 62.

[90] _Ib._ p. 67.

[91] _Works_, p. 63.

[92] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 318.

[93] _Ib._ iii. 236.

[94] _Works_, ix. 19, 51.

[95] _Ib._ p. 52.

[96] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 146.

[97] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 137.

[98] _Ib._ pp. 127, 165.

[99] _Ib._ p. 182.

[100] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 262.

[101] _Ib._ v. 283.

[102] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 167.

[103] _Works_, ix. 117.

[104] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 283, _n._ 1.

[105] Francis’s Horace, _Odes_, IV. ix. 26.

[106] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 14.

[107] From the original, in the possession of Mr. W. R. Smith, of Greatham Moor, West Liss.

[108] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 344.

[109] _Ib._ 392.

[110] “Through various hazards and events we move.” Dryden, _Æneid_, i. 204.

[111] “Long labours both by sea and land he bore.” _Ib._ i. 3.

[112] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 268.

[113] Boswell’s _Johnson_, i. 450.

[114] _Ib._

[115] He was sixty-four.

[116] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 278.

[117] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 158.

[118] _Ib._ i. 120.

[119] _Ib._ i. 188.

[120] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 324.

[121] _Ib._ iv. 199.

[122] _Ib._ v. 377.

[123] _Tour in Scotland_ (ed. 1776), ii. 59. The Bruar is near Blair-Athole.

[124] Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 84.

[125] Troil’s _Letters on Iceland_ (3rd ed.), p. 288. There is a notice of the discovery in the _Gentleman’s Magazine_ for 1772, p. 540, and in the _Annual Register_ for the same year, i. 139.

[126] Boswell’s _Johnson_, i. 348.

[127] Topham’s _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 233.

[128] He was stationed there with his regiment. Wright’s _Life of General Wolfe_, p. 271.

[129] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 141.

[130] _Ib._ iii. 303.

[131] Gray’s _Works_, iv. 57.

[132] _Ib._ ii. 78.

[133] _George Selwyn and his Contemporaries_, ii. 319.

[134] Camden’s _Description of Scotland_ (ed. 1695), p. 137.

[135] _Letters from a Gentleman in the North of Scotland_, ii. 339.

[136] _Ib._ p. 13.

[137] James Ray’s _History of the Rebellion of 1747_ (ed. 1752), pp. 365, 383.

[138] Gray’s _Works_, iv. 150.

[139] Walpole’s _Letters_, v. 501.

[140] _An Excursion to the Lakes_, p. 157.

[141] Wesley’s _Journal_, iii. 336, 465.

[142] _Tour in Scotland_, i. 222.

[143] Beattie’s _Essays on Poetry and Music_, p. 169.

[144] _Voyage en Angleterre_, etc., ii. 201.

[145] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 154, and Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 231.

[146] Croker’s _Boswell_ (ed. 1835), iv. 327.

[147] Boswell’s _Johnson_, iii. 302.

[148] Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 25.

[149] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 138.

[150] _Works_, ix. 78, 153.

[151] _Ib._ p. 153.

[152] _Ib._ p. 156.

[153] _Ib._ p. 150.

[154] _Ib._ p. 35.

[155] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 135.

[156] _Works_, ix. 73.

[157] _Ib._ p. 156.

[158] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 169.

[159] _Works_, ix. 25.

[160] _Ib._ p. 36.

[161] Lockhart’s _Life of Scott_, iii. 239.

[162] Goldsmith’s _Traveller_, l. 319.

[163] Wordsworth’s _Works_, ii. 284.

[164] _The Traveller_, l. 125.

[165] Wordsworth’s _Works_, iv. 99.

[166] _Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century_, ii. 99.

[167] Kames’ _Sketches of the History of Man_, i. 274.

[168] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 77. The superiority of the gardeners was most likely due to the superiority of the education of the poorer classes.

[169] _Ib._ ii. 78.

[170] W. Gilpin’s _Observations relative to Picturesque Beauty_ in the year 1776, i. 117, 123, 141.

[171] Boswell’s _Johnson_, iii. 248.

[172] Forster’s _Life of Goldsmith_, i. 433.

[173] _Gentleman’s Magazine_, 1754, p. 119.

[174] Knox’s _Tour through the Highlands of Scotland_, p. 5.

[175] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 120.

[176] _Works_, ix. 17.

[177] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 120.

[178] _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 230.

[179] Cockburn’s _Life of Lord Jeffrey_, i. 348.

[180] Gray’s _Works_, iv. 59.

[181] Pennant’s _Tour in Scotland_, ii. 21.

[182] Defoe’s _Tour through Great Britain: Account of Scotland_, iii. 15.

[183] _Scots Magazine_, 1772, p. 25.

[184] Croker’s _Boswell_ (8vo. ed.), p. 285.

[185] Croker’s _Correspondence_, ii. 34.

[186] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 319.

[187] Topham’s _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 366.

[188] Tytler’s _Life of Lord Kames_, i. 112.

[189] _Scotland and Scotsmen of the Eighteenth Century_, ii. 212, 227, 228, 231, 272, 277.

[190] Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 121.

[191] _Wealth of Nations_, i. 309.

[192] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 116.

[193] Pennant’s _Tour in Scotland_, ii. 138.

[194] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 121.

[195] Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_, p. 347.

[196] _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 229.

[197] _Humphry Clinker_, ii. 233.

[198] E. D. Dunbar’s _Social Life_, ii. 147.

[199] Defoe’s _Tour through Great Britain: Account of Scotland_, vol. iii. p. 6.

[200] _Humphry Clinker_, ii. 212.

[201] _Ib._

[202] Defoe’s _Tour through Great Britain_, vol. iii. p. vii.

[203] _The Present State of Scotland_, pp. 39, 42, 112, 114, 119.

[204] _A Journey through part of England and Scotland with the Army._ By a Volunteer. P. 53.

[205] _Scots Magazine_, 1772, p. 24.

[206] _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 40.

[207] _Memoirs of the Reign of George III._, iv. 328.

[208] _Humphry Clinker_, ii. 176. See my edition of _Letters of David Hume to William Strahan_, pp. 56-64, for the violence of feeling between the English and Scotch at this time.

[209] Boswell’s _Johnson_, i. 425.

[210] _Works_, ix. 158.

[211] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 248.

[212] _Works_, ix. 24.

[213] Smollett’s _History of England_, ii. 99.

[214] _Humphry Clinker_, iii. 7.

[215] _Wealth of Nations_, i. 308.

[216] Hume’s _History of England_, vii. 438.

[217] _Past and Present_ (ed. 1858), p. 80.

[218] _Works_, ix. 23.

[219] _Humphry Clinker_, iii. 83.

[220] Wesley’s _Journal_, iv. 13.

[221] _Ib._ p. 272.

[222] _Ib._ iv. 229.

[223] _Ib._ ii. 412.

[224] _Ib._ iii. 179.

[225] _Humphry Clinker_, iii. 44.

[226] _Ib._ iii. 83.

[227] Kames’s _Sketches of the History of Man_, ii. 333.

[228] _Wealth of Nations_, i. 222.

[229] Wright’s _Life of Wolfe_, p. 276.

[230] Kames’s _Sketches of the History of Man_, i. 265.

[231] _Humphry Clinker_, ii. 213.

[232] _Letters from Edinburgh_, pp. 279, 361.

[233] _Gentleman’s Magazine_, 1766, p. 209.

[234] _Wealth of Nations_, i. 100. See also Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_, p. 557, and Knox’s _Tour_, p. cxviii.

[235] Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_ (ed. 1779), p. 353.

[236] Boswell’s _Johnson_, i. 294, _n._ 8.

[237] Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 9.

[238] _Humphry Clinker_ (ed. 1792), iii. 5.

[239] _Scots Magazine_, 1772, p. 636, and 1773, p. 399.

[240] _Humphry Clinker_, iii. 5.

[241] Dr. Alexander Carlyle’s _Autobiography_, p. 64.

[242] Kames’s _Sketches of the History of Man_ (ed. 1807), i. 507.

[243] _London Magazine_ for 1778, p. 198.

[244] _Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century_, ii. 64. George Drummond of Blair, of whom this story is told, did not succeed to his estate till 1739 (_ib._ p. 112), so that this rude mode of eating came down nearly to the date of Johnson’s visit, even in the houses of gentlemen. In the houses of “the substantial tenants” it continued till much later (_ib._ p. 64).

[245] Wesley’s _Journal_, iv. 418.

[246] _Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century_, ii. 70, 71, 251.

[247] _Humphry Clinker_, iii. 28.

[248] Knox’s _Tour_, p. 199.

[249] _Scotland and Scotsmen in the Eighteenth Century_, ii. 65.

[250] _Gentleman’s Magazine_ for 1771, p. 543.

[251] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 172. There are inns in the Hebrides where the same deficiency is still found.

[252] Gray calls Geneva “neat,” and the repast which was set before him at the “Grande Chartreuse” “extremely neat.” Gray’s _Works_, ed. 1858, ii. 62, 63.

[253] _Humphry Clinker_, ii. 221, and Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_, p. 241.

[254] _Reekiana_, by Robert Chambers, p. 227: “The house was situated at the head of Dickson’s Close, a few doors below Niddry Street.” I have found all these names, except Stirling’s, in the recent interesting reprint of the _Edinburgh Directory_ for 1773-4, published by William Brown, Edinburgh, 1889.

[255] “Stenchel. An iron bar for a window.” Jamieson’s _Scottish Dictionary_.

[256] _Tirlesing_ is not given by Jamieson.

[257] _The City Cleaned and Country Improven_, Edinburgh, 1760, p. 5.

[258] _The City Cleaned and Country Improven_, pp. 6, 8.

[259] _Humphry Clinker_, ii. 227. _Gardy loo_ is a corruption of _gardez l’eau_, a cry which, like so many other Scotch customs and words, bears witness to the close connection which of old existed between Scotland and France.

[260] Burt’s _Letters from a Gentleman, etc._, i. 21.

[261] Topham’s _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 152.

[262] _Humphry Clinker_, ii. 221.

[263] Wesley’s _Journal_, iii. 54.

[264] Wright’s _Life of General Wolfe_, p. 137.

[265] Gray’s _Works_, iv. 52.

[266] _Ib._ p. 61.

[267] This arrangement is still not uncommon in country places.

[268] Johnson’s _Works_, ix. 18.

[269] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 306.

[270] _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 141.

[271] _Works_, ix. 18.

[272] Lockhart’s _Life of Scott_, i. 108.

[273] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 78. Sheridan, in his _Life of Swift_, records an earlier abolition of vails in Ireland (Swift’s _Works_, ii. 108).

[274] Thicknesse’s _Observations on the Customs and Manners of the French_, 1766, p. 106.

[275] Lord Hervey’s _Memoirs_, ii. 50.

[276] Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_, p. 376.

[277] _Edinburgh Chronicle_ for 1760, p. 495.

[278] _Ib._ pp. 503, 518, 583, 623. The Scots Hunters were, I suppose, the same as the Royal Hunters—a body of gentlemen volunteers who were raised at the time of the Rebellion of 1745, and served under General Oglethorpe.

[279] Walpole’s _Memoirs of the Reign of George III._, ii. 3, and _Letters of the First Earl of Malmesbury_, i. 108-9.

[280] Boswell’s _Johnson_, ii. 452.

[281] Wesley’s _Journal_, ii. 228, 285.

[282] _Present State of Polite Learning_, ch. xii.

[283] Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_, p. 658.

[284] _Ib._ pp. 352-4.

[285] _Humphry Clinker_, ii. 214.

[286] _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 18.

[287] “The Pleasance consists of one mean street; through it lies the principal road to London.”—Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_, p. 328.

[288] Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_, p. 353.

[289] _Voyage en Angleterre, etc._, i. 200, 229, ii. 309.

[290] Boswell’s _Johnson_, v. 23.

[291] _Piozzi Letters_, i. 109.

[292] _Works_, ix. 18.

[293] Wesley’s _Journal_, ii. 228.

[294] Defoe’s _Tour through Great Britain; Account of Scotland_ (ed. 1727), iii. 29, 30, 33.

[295] J. Macky’s _Journey through Scotland_, p. 65.

[296] _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 8.

[297] _Humphry Clinker_, ii. 220.

[298] _Tour in Scotland_, i. 52.

[299] Carlyle’s _Reminiscences_, ii. 5.

[300] See _Marmion_, note in the Appendix on Canto V., Stanza 25.

[301] _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 28.

[302] _Guy Mannering_, ii. 101.

[303] _Letters from Edinburgh_, p. 233. The young Englishman, perhaps, in this account does not aim at the strictest accuracy. The large prayer-books were, I suppose, psalm-books or Bibles.

[304] “_To go up streets_” is an Edinburgh phrase for “_to go up the street_.”—_Scotticisms by Dr. Beattie_ (published anonymously), p. 82.

[305] Arnot’s _History of Edinburgh_, p. 223. I assume that “the Prince’s colours” mentioned by Arnot was the flag described in _Waverley_, ii. 139.

[306] _Letters from Edinburgh_, pp. 58-62.