Part 8

His [226]son-in-law Servius Tullius, the [227]sixth in [228]order, [229]began his [230]reign in the year 577 before Christ. He was for his [231]rare [232]endowments [233]preferred before those of the royal [234]blood. He first [235]instituted the [236]census, and [237]ordered it to be [238]kept [239]every five years; [240]divided the [241]people into [242]classes, and [243]centuries, and [244]enlarged the city: and after he had [245]governed the [246]kingdom with great [247]applause 44 years, he was [248]murdered through the [249]horrid [250]wickedness of his own [251]daughter, and Tarquin his [252]son-in-law.

The [253]seventh and [254]last king that reigned at Rome was Tarquin, [255]surnamed [256]the Proud, whom [257]most of the [258]old Roman [259]authors [260]affirm to be the son of [261]Priscus; [262]but [263]Dionysius [264]will have him to be his grandson. He [265]governed the [266]kingdom he had [267]procured by his [268]wickedness [269]no better than he got it, being [270]cruel to the [271]senators, and his [272]other [273]subjects. He [274]conquered the [275]Volsci, the Sabines, and Gabii; and having [276]built the [277]Capitol with the [278]spoils of the cities he had [279]taken, he was [280]at last [281]turned out of the city, and of his kingdom, for a [282]violence [283]committed by his [284]son upon [285]Lucretia.

FOOTNOTES

[1] _duodécimo_

[2] _re_

[3] _Latíno_

[4] _Enéa_

[5] _Amúlio_

[6] _ingannáre_

[7] _fratéllo_

[8] _Numitóre_

[9] _drítto_

[10] _successióne_

[11] _appartenére_

[12] _cagióne_

[13] _età_

[14] _único_

[15] _figlia_

[16] _chiamáre_

[17] _Rómolo_

[18] _Remo_

[19] _geméllo_

[20] _figlio_

[21] _Marte_

[22] _espórre_

[23] _re_

[24] _órdine_

[25] _segretaménte_

[26] _educáre_

[27] _Faústulo_

[28] _pastóre_

[29] _créscere_

[30] _uccídere_

[31] _restituíre_

[32] _avo_

[33] _regno_

[34] _edificáre_

[35] _Roma_

[36] _Cristo_

[37] _náscere_

[38] _méttere_

[39] _émolo_

[40] _morte_

[41] _éssere_

[42] _proclamáre_

[43] _seguáce_

[44] _regoláre_

[45] _stato_

[46] _affáre_

[47] _avéndo bisógno_

[48] _pigliáre per forza_

[49] _gióvane_

[50] _veníre_

[51] _vedére_

[52] _púbblico_

[53] _giuóco_

[54] _terríbile_

[55] _guerra_

[56] _Sabíni_

[57] _seguíre_

[58] _Ceninénsi_

[59] _Antemnáti_

[60] _Crustumíni_

[61] _conquistáre_

[62] _alla fine_

[63] _Sabíni_

[64] _comándo_

[65] _Tázio_

[66] _malmenando i Románi fieramente_

[67] _interposizióne_

[68] _donne Sabíne_

[69] _ritenére_

[70] _conveníre_

[71] _fra_

[72] _partíto_

[73] _che_

[74] _unitaménte_

[75] _abitáre_

[76] _regnáre_

[77] _insiéme_

[78] _uccídere_

[79] _anno_

[80] _solo_

[81] _compíre_

[82] _términe_

[83] _vicíno_

[84] _grande_

[85] _borrásca_

[86] _soppravenire_

[87] _tenére_

[88] _assembléa_

[89] _lago_

[90] _non si potétte trováre in nissun luógo_

[91] _messo a brani_

[92] _senatóre_

[93] _generalménte_

[94] _crédere_

[95] _ormai_

[96] _diveníre_

[97] _odióso_

[98] _cagióne_

[99] _crudeltà_

[100] _da princípio_

[101] _divídere_

[102] _trenta_

[103] _cúrie_

[104] _tre_

[105] _tribù_

[106] _i póveri_

[107] _méttere_

[108] _sotto_

[109] _protezióne_

[110] _grande_

[111] _chiamáre_

[112] _patrízio_

[113] _trionfáre_

[114] _tre volte_

[115] _dei_

[116] _vinto_

[117] _nemíco_

[118] _prima_

[119] _guerra_

[120] _uccídere_

[121] _re_

[122] _Acróne_

[123] _di propria mano_

[124] _consacráre_

[125] _spóglia_

[126] _Gióve Ferétrio_

[127] _secóndo_

[128] _Cameríni_

[129] _terzo_

[130] _Fidenáti_

[131] _Vejénti_

[132] _dopo_

[133] _interrégno_

[134] _anno_

[135] _Numa Pompílio_

[136] _nato_

[137] _Cure_

[138] _scelto_

[139] _Cristo_

[140] _nascesse_

[141] _il quale_

[142] _applicársi_

[143] _preservazióne_

[144] _pace_

[145] _istituíre_

[146] _religióso_

[147] _rito_

[148] _fare_

[149] _addizióne_

[150] _mese_

[151] _fin allóra_

[152] _consístere_

[153] _diéci_

[154] _regnáre_

[155] _il terzo_

[156] _Túllio Ostílio_

[157] _uómo_

[158] _inquiéto natúra_

[159] _proprio_

[160] _conquistáre_

[161] _distrúggere_

[162] _trasportáre_

[163] _abitánte_

[164] _sostánza_

[165] _fatto in pezzi_

[166] _attaccáre_

[167] _fra_

[168] _carro_

[169] _Mezio Fusézio_

[170] _dittatóre_

[171] _Albani_

[172] _convínto_

[173] _tradiménto_

[174] _trionfáre_

[175] _tre volte_

[176] _Fidénáti_

[177] _regnáre_

[178] _trentadue anni_

[179] _períre_

[180] _moglie_

[181] _tutta la sua famíglia_

[182] _per un fúlmine_

[183] _caduto dal cielo_

[184] _quarto_

[185] _Anco Márzio_

[186] _nipote_

[187] _Latíni_

[188] _soggiogáto_

[189] _posto_

[190] _stabilírsi_

[191] _monte Aventíno_

[192] _il Gianícolo_

[193] _fortificáto_

[194] _ponte_

[195] _Tevére_

[196] _edificáto_

[197] _quinto_

[198] _Tarquínio Prisco_

[199] _figlio_

[200] _Demaráto_

[201] _Corintéo_

[202] _veníre_

[203] _Tarquínio_

[204] _cíttà_

[205] _dal quale_

[206] _chiamáto_

[207] _Lúcio Tarquínio_

[208] _perveníre_

[209] _govérno_

[210] _aumentáre_

[211] _senáto_

[212] _soggiogáre_

[213] _dódici_

[214] _nazióne_

[215] _imprestáre_

[216] _insegnáre_

[217] _suprémo_

[218] _autorità_

[219] _fasce_

[220] _trabéa_

[221] _sédia curúle_

[222] _pretésta_

[223] _cosa_

[224] _sorta_

[225] _Anco_

[226] _genero Sérvio Túllio_

[227] _sesto_

[228] _órdine_

[229] _principiáre_

[230] _regno_

[231] _raro_

[232] _qualità_

[233] _preferíto_

[234] _sangue reale_

[235] _istituíre_

[236] _censo_

[237] _comando che fosse_

[238] _rifatto_

[239] _una volta ogni cinque anni_

[240] _divídere_

[241] _pópolo_

[242] _classe_

[243] _centúria_

[244] _estendere_

[245] _governáre_

[246] _regno_

[247] _appláuso_

[248] _assassináto_

[249] _orríbile_

[250] _scelleratézza_

[251] _figlia_

[252] _genero_

[253] _séttimo_

[254] _último_

[255] _cognomináto_

[256] _il supérbo_

[257] _la maggior parte_

[258] _antíco_

[259] _autóre_

[260] _affermáre_

[261] _Prísco_

[262] _ma_

[263] _Dionísio_

[264] _vuól che sia suo nipotíno_

[265] _governáre_

[266] _regno_

[267] _procuráre_

[268] _malvagità_

[269] _in un modo non migliore di quello con cui l’aveva ottenuto_

[270] _crudele_

[271] _senatóre_

[272] _altro_

[273] _suddito_

[274] _debelláre_

[275] _Volsci_

[276] _edificáre_

[277] _Campidóglio_

[278] _spóglie_

[279] _préndere_

[280] _alla fine_

[281] _scacciáre_

[282] _violenza_

[283] _commésso_

[284] _fíglio_

[285] _Lucrézia_

CHAP. III

(_Of the World, 3545--Of Rome, 245._)

[1]King Tarquin, with his [2]family, being [3]banished, [4]L. Junius Brutus, and [5]L. Tarquinius Collatinus were [6]made [7]consuls. [8]The former was so [9]severe, that he [10]scourged and [11]beheaded his own sons for [12]favouring [13]the banished kings, being a [14]greater [15]friend to the [16]public [17]liberty than to his own family. A [18]field of the Tarquins, which [19]lay [20]between the city and [21]the Tiber, was [22]consecrated to [23]Mars, and [24]from thence [25]called [26]Campus Martius. [27]Brutus [28]died in the [29]war [30]against the Tarquins, who [31]prevailed upon some of the [32]neighbouring [33]nations to [34]assist them; [35]amongst the [36]rest, Porsena, king of Etruria, [37]made war upon the Romans, in [38]favour of the Tarquins: in which war the [39]bravery of [40]Horatius Coccles was very [41]remarkable, who [42]maintained the [43]fight [44]against the [45]victorious [46]enemy [47]till the [48]bridge on the Tiber was [49]cut down, [50]when he [51]swam and crossed the [52]river. Nor [53]must we [54]pass over in silence the [55]noble [56]attempt of [57]Mutius Scævola, who [58]secretly [59]entered the [60]enemy’s [61]camp with a [62]resolution to [63]kill the king; [64]but having by [65]mistake [66]slain one of his nobles, he [67]thrust his [68]hand into the [69]fire that was upon the [70]altar; which so [71]terrified the king, that he [72]made [73]peace with the Romans, and [74]returned [75]home. [76]After this, the [77]Latins made [78]war upon the Romans, [79]under the [80]conduct of [81]Octavius Mamilius, Tarquin’s [82]son-in-law; [83]against whom [84]Posthumius being made [85]dictator, [86]vanquished them in a [87]memorable [88]battle at the [89]lake Regillus.

[90]Afterwards a war was [91]proclaimed [92]against the [93]Volsci, who had [94]raised some [95]troops, to [96]send to the [97]assistance of the [98]Latins in the [99]former war. The [100]fortune of [101]Caius Marcius Coriolanus was [102]remarkable in that war, who being [103]condemned in his [104]absence, [105]retired amongst the Volsci, and [106]advised them to [107]renew the war; for the [108]management of which, being [109]chosen [110]general with [111]Tullius Accius, after he had [112]routed the Romans in [113]several [114]engagements, and [115]advanced up [116]to the very walls of the city, he was [117]moved by the [118]prayers of his [119]mother, and he [120]raised the [121]siege. After the [122]death of [123]Coriolanus, the Volsci [124]continued the war, and [125]were [126]together with the [127]Æqui, [128]and Hernici, [129]soundly [130]beaten by [131]Spurius Cassius, who had been [132]thrice [133]consul. [134]He being elevated by his [135]success, [136]aspired to the [137]throne, [138]but was [139]prevented in his [140]design, and [141]thrown headlong from the [142]Tarpeian rock.

In the year 261 from the [143]building of the city, the [144]common people being very [145]much in [146]debt, and [147]provoked by the [148]cruelty of their [149]creditors, [150]retired [151]beyond the [152]Anien into the [153]sacred mount, but were [154]reconciled by the [155]pacific [156]persuasions of [157]Menenius Agrippa; having [158]first [159]obtained from the [160]fathers, that [161]officers should be [162]appointed to [163]screen them from the [164]violence of the [165]patricii, who were [166] called [167]tribunes of the [168]people.

After this, the Romans had a war with the [169]Veientes, which the [170]family of the [171]Fabii [172]undertook to [173]carry on by themselves; and having [174]pitched their camp by the [175]river [176]Cremera, were [177]trepanned by the [178]enemy, and [179]cut off in one [180]day, to the [181]number of 306.

The war with the [182]Volsci [183]continued. They were [184]often [185]vanquished, [186]especially by T. [187]Quintius Cincinnatus, who took [188]Antium, the [189]metropolis of their [190]nation. Cincinnatus being [191]afterwards [192]taken from the [193]plough, and [194]made [195]dictator [196]against the [197]Æqui, he [198]delivered the [199]consul [200]Minucius, who was [201]besieged by them, and [202]obliged the [203]enemy to [204]pass under the [205]yoke.

In the year 303, [206]after the [207]foundation of the city, and 451 years [208]before [209]Christ, the [210]form of the [211]government was [212]changed. [213]For [214]instead of [215]consuls, the [216]decemviri were [217]set up, with [218]supreme [219]power to [220]make [221]laws for the Roman [222]people, [223]from those which their ambassadors had the year before [224]brought from [225]Greece. But [226]abusing their [227]power, they were [228]obliged to [229]lay down their [230]authority; and the [231]consuls and [232]tribunes were [233]restored.

In the 315th year of the city, Sp. Melius, in the [234]time of a [235]famine, [236]endeavouring to [237]make his way to a [238]throne, by [239]sharing [240]corn [241]amongst the [242]people, was [243]slain by [244]order of [245]Quintius Cincinnatus the [246]dictator, by [247]C. Servilius Ahala [248]master of the horse. In the [249]following year the [250]Fidenates [251]revolted to [252]Lars Tolumnius, king of the [253]Veientes, and [254]put the Roman ambassadors to [255]death, who had their [256]statues [257]erected in the [258]forum. The [259]Veientes [260]in the next year were [261]subdued by [262]Mamercus Æmilius, [263]dictator. [264]Tolumnius was [265]slain by [266]Cornelius Cossus, who was the [267]second from [268]Romulus that [269]dedicated the [270]spoils [271]called [272]Opima to Jupiter [273]Feretrius.

[274]Censors were [275]set up at Rome in the 311th year of the city, who [276]held their [277]office [278]at first for [279]five [280]years, [281]but were [282]afterwards, in the year 320, [283]reduced by [284]Mamercus Æmilius, [285]dictator, to a year and a [286]half. In the year 323, the [287]dictator [288]A. Posthumius was very [289]successful [290]against the [291]Æqui and the [292]Volsci; but [293]stained the [294]victory with the [295]blood of his own [296]son, whom he [297]beheaded for having [298]fought [299]contrary to his [300]orders.

In the year of the city 358, the [301]town of [302]Veii was [303]taken by [304]Camillus, dictator, [305]after a [306]siege of [307]ten years. He [308]likewise [309]reduced the [310]Falisci, [311]not so much by his [312]arms, as the [313]opinion they had of his [314]justice.

But after these [315]great [316]successes, the Romans were [317]nearly [318]ruined by the [319]Galli Senones, who having [320]laid [321]siege to [322]Clusium in Etruria, the Romans [323]sent three of the [324]Fabian family ambassadors to them. These, [325]contrary to the [326]law of [327]nations, [328]marched out into the [329]field with the [330]Clusini against the [331]Gauls, which proceeding so [332]incensed the latter, that [333]leaving [334]Clusium, they marched to Rome. The Romans were [335]routed, and [336]put to [337]flight in the very [338]first [339]attack at Allia. After which the city was [340]taken and [341]burnt; the [342]Capitol, [343]whither the [344]flower of the Roman [345]youth [346]retreated, was [347]besieged, and had it not been for Manlius, who was afterwards surnamed [348]Capitolinus, would have been [349]taken by the [350]barbarians in the [351]night time; but he, being [352]awakened by the [353]cackling of [354]geese, and [355]others [356]with him, [357]pushed the [358]Gauls [359]as they [360]came up, [361]headlong down the precipice. [362]In the mean time [363]Camillus, who was [364]then in [365]exile at Ardea, being [366]recalled and [367]made [368]dictator, [369]raised an [370]army, [371]came to Rome, [372]drove them out, and at [373]about [374]eight [375]miles [376]distance from the city [377]utterly [378]destroyed their [379]whole [380]army.

FOOTNOTES

[1] _Il re Tarquínio_

[2] _famíglia_

[3] _bandíto_

[4] _L. Giúnio Bruto_

[5] _L. Tarquínio Collatíno_

[6] _fatto_

[7] _consóle_

[8] _il primo_

[9] _sevéro_

[10] _flagelláre_

[11] _decapitáre_

[12] _favoríre_

[13] _i re bandíti_

[14] _grande_

[15] _amíco_

[16] _púbblico_

[17] _libertà_

[18] _campo_

[19] _situato_

[20] _fra_

[21] _Tévere_

[22] _consacráto_

[23] _Marte_

[24] _indi_

[25] _chiamáto_

[26] _Campo Marzio_

[27] _Bruto_

[28] _moríre_

[29] _guerra_

[30] _contro_

[31] _riuscirono a persuadére_

[32] _vicíno_

[33] _nazióne_

[34] _assístere_

[35] _fra_

[36] _gli altri_

[37] _fare_

[38] _favóre_

[39] _bravúra_

[40] _Orázio Coclide_

[41] _rimarchevole_

[42] _mantenére_

[43] _conflítto_

[44] _contro_

[45] _vittorióso_

[46] _nemico_

[47] _infinchè_

[48] _ponte_

[49] _tagliáto_

[50] _allóra_

[51] _nuotáre e traversáre_

[52] _fiúme_

[53] _dovére_

[54] _passáre in silenzio_

[55] _nóbile_

[56] _intraprèsa_

[57] _Muzio Scévola_

[58] _segretaménte_

[59] _entráre_

[60] _nemíco_

[61] _campo_

[62] _risoluzióne_

[63] _uccídere_

[64] _ma_

[65] _isbáglio_

[66] _ammazzáre_

[67] _méttere_

[68] _mano_

[69] _fuóco_

[70] _altáre_

[71] _spaventáre_

[72] _fare_

[73] _pace_

[74] _ritornáre_

[75] _casa_

[76] _dopo_

[77] _Latíno_

[78] _guerra_

[79] _sotto_

[80] _condótta_

[81] _Ottávio Mamílio_

[82] _genero_

[83] _contro_

[84] _Postúmio_

[85] _dittatóre_

[86] _víncere_

[87] _memorábile_

[88] _battáglia_

[89] _Lago Regíllo_

[90] _dopo_

[91] _proclamáre_

[92] _contro_

[93] _Volsci_

[94] _leváre_

[95] _truppe_

[96] _mandáre_

[97] _soccórso_

[98] _Latíno_

[99] _precedente_

[100] _fortúna_

[101] _Caio Marzio Corioláno_

[102] _segnaláto_

[103] _condannáto_

[104] _assénza_

[105] _ritirársi_

[106] _consigliáre_

[107] _ricominciáre_

[108] _condótta_

[109] _scelto_

[110] _generále_

[111] _Tullio Accio_

[112] _sconfítto_

[113] _parécchie_

[114] _battáglia_

[115] _avanzáre_

[116] _infíno alle mura_

[117] _commósso_

[118] _preghiéra_

[119] _madre_

[120] _leváre_

[121] _assédio_

[122] _morte_

[123] _Corioláno_

[124] _continuáre_

[125] _confederatisi_

[126] _con gli_

[127] _Equi_

[128] _Erníci_

[129] _furono insieme potentemente_

[130] _battúto_

[131] _Spúrio Cássio_

[132] _tre volte_

[133] _consóle_

[134] _questi esaltáto_

[135] _succésso_

[136] _aspiráre_

[137] _trono_

[138] _ma_

[139] _impedíto_

[140] _diségno_

[141] _precipitáto_

[142] _rupe Tarpéa_

[143] _fondazióne_

[144] _plebe_

[145] _molto_

[146] _indebitáto_

[147] _irritáto_

[148] _crudeltà_

[149] _creditóre_

[150] _ritirársi_

[151] _di là_

[152] _Aniéno_

[153] _sacro monte_

[154] _riconciliáto_

[155] _pacifico_

[156] _persuasióne_

[157] _Menénio Agríppa_

[158] _prima_

[159] _ottenúto_

[160] _padre_

[161] _ufficiále_

[162] _costituíto_

[163] _protéggere_

[164] _violénza_

[165] _patrízj_

[166] _chiamáto_

[167] _tribúni_

[168] _popolo_

[169] _Vejénti_

[170] _famíglia_

[171] _Fabj_

[172] _intrapréndere_

[173] _maneggiáre_

[174] _accampáre_

[175] _fiúme_

[176] _Cremera_

[177] _acchiappáre_

[178] _nemíco_

[179] _uccíso_

[180] _giórno_

[181] _número_

[182] _Volsci_

[183] _continuáre_

[184] _spesso_

[185] _vinto_

[186] _specialménte_

[187] _Quínzio Cincinnáto_

[188] _Anzio_

[189] _metrópoli_

[190] _nazióne_

[191] _dopo_

[192] _preso_

[193] _áratro_

[194] _fatto_

[195] _dittatóre_

[196] _contro_

[197] _Equi_

[198] _liberáre_

[199] _consóle_

[200] _Minúcio_

[201] _assediáto_

[202] _forzáre_

[203] _nemico_

[204] _passáre sotto il_

[205] _giógo_

[206] _dopo_

[207] _fondazióne_

[208] _prima_

[209] _Cristo_

[210] _forma_

[211] _govérno_

[212] _cambiáto_

[213] _perchè_

[214] _invéce di_

[215] _consóle_

[216] _decemvíri_

[217] _creáto_

[218] _suprémo_

[219] _autorità_

[220] _fare_

[221] _legge_

[222] _pópolo_

[223] _sul modello di quello_

[224] _portáto_

[225] _Grécia_

[226] _abusáre_

[227] _potére_

[228] _obbligáto_

[229] _dimettere_

[230] _autorità_

[231] _cónsole_

[232] _tribúno_

[233] _ristabilíto_

[234] _tempo_

[235] _carestía_

[236] _procuráre_

[237] _arriváre_

[238] _trono_

[239] _distribuíre_

[240] _grano_

[241] _fra_

[242] _popolo_

[243] _ammazzáto_

[244] _órdine_

[245] _Quínzio Cincinnáto_

[246] _dittatóre_

[247] _C. Servílio Ahala_

[248] _maestro della cavalleria_

[249] _seguénte_

[250] _Fidenáti_

[251] _rivoltársi_

[252] _Larte Tolúnnio_

[253] _Vejénti_

[254] _méttere_

[255] _morte_

[256] _státua_

[257] _errétto_

[258] _fóro_

[259] _Vejénti_

[260] _l’anno dopo_

[261] _soggiogáto_

[262] _Mamérco Emílio_

[263] _dittatóre_

[264] _Tolúnnio_

[265] _ammazzáto_

[266] _Cornélio Cosso_

[267] _secóndo_

[268] _Romolo_

[269] _dedicáre_

[270] _spóglia_

[271] _chiamáto_

[272] _Opíme_

[273] _Gióve Feretrio_

[274] _censóre_

[275] _stabilíre_

[276] _tenére_

[277] _uffício_

[278] _al princípio_

[279] _cinque_

[280] _anno_

[281] _ma_

[282] _dopo_

[283] _ridótto_

[284] _Mamérco Emílio_

[285] _dittatóre_

[286] _mezzo_

[287] _dittatóre_

[288] _A. Postúmio_

[289] _fortunáto_

[290] _contro_

[291] _Equi_

[292] _Volsci_

[293] _macchiáre_

[294] _vittória_

[295] _sangue_

[296] _figlio_

[297] _decapitáre_

[298] _combáttere_

[299] _contro_

[300] _órdine_

[301] _città_

[302] _Vej_

[303] _preso_

[304] _Camíllo_

[305] _dopo_

[306] _assédio_

[307] _diéci_

[308] _pariménte_

[309] _ridúrre_

[310] _Falísci_

[311] _non tanto_

[312] _arme_

[313] _opinióne_

[314] _giustízia_

[315] _grande_

[316] _riuscita_

[317] _quasi_

[318] _rovináto_

[319] _Galli Sénoni_

[320] _méttere_

[321] _assédio_

[322] _Clusio_

[323] _mandáre_

[324] _famíglia de’ Fabj_

[325] _contro_

[326] _dirítto_

[327] _gente_

[328] _marciáre_

[329] _campo_

[330] _Clusíni_

[331] _Galli_

[332] _irritáre_

[333] _lasciáre_

[334] _Clusio_

[335] _sconfítto_

[336] _messo_

[337] _fuga_

[338] _primo_

[339] _attácco_

[340] _preso_

[341] _abbruciáto_

[342] _Campidóglio_

[343] _dove_

[344] _fiore_

[345] _gioventù_

[346] _ritirársi_

[347] _assediáto_

[348] _Capitolíno_

[349] _preso_

[350] _bárbaro_

[351] _notte tempo_

[352] _svegliáto_

[353] _il gracchiáre_

[354] _oca_

[355] _altro_

[356] _con_

[357] _buttáre_

[358] _Galli_

[359] _a misura che_

[360] _presentarsi_

[361] _a capo in giù nel precipízio_

[362] _nell’istésso tempo_

[363] _Camíllo_

[364] _allóra_

[365] _esílio_

[366] _richiamáto_

[367] _fatto_

[368] _dittatóre_

[369] _leváre_

[370] _armáta_

[371] _veníre_

[372] _scacciáre_

[373] _incírca_

[374] _otto_

[375] _míglia_

[376] _distánza_

[377] _completamente_

[378] _distrúggere_

[379] _tutto_

[380] _armáta_

CHAP. IV.

_(Of the World, 3670--Of Rome, 370.)_

The city being [1]destroyed by the Gauls, the Romans had [2]thoughts of [3]leaving it, and [4]removing to [5]Veii; but were [6]dissuaded from that [7]design by [8]Camillus; [9]whilst [10]Marcus Manlius (who [11]obtained the [12]surname of [13]Capitolinus for his [14]noble [15]defence of the [16]Capitol) [17]endeavoured by [18]ambition and [19]popular [20]favour [21]to possess himself of the [22]supreme [23]power, he was [24]thrown from the [25]Tarpeian rock, which he had [26]defended, in the year 370.

In the year 377, there was a [27]strong [28]contest [29]between the [30]nobility and the [31]people. [32]C. Licinius Stolo and [33]L. Sextius, [34]tribunes of [35]the people, [36]proposed a [37]law for [38]choosing [39]one of the consuls out [40]of the people. They [41]carried their point at last, in the year 387, and in the [42]following year [43]L. Sextius was elected consul.

[44]After this, the Romans had [45]war with the [46]Tiburtes, the [47]Tarquinenses, and [48]Falisci; and again with the [49]Gauls, who being [50]drawn up [51]in order of [52]battle, one of them [53]sent a [54]challenge to the Romans, and was [55]slain by [56]one M. Valerius, a [57]tribune of the [58]soldiers, by the [59]assistance of a [60]crow, who [61]from thence had the [62]surname of [63]Corvinus.

[64]But of all their [65]wars, none was more [66]troublesome and [67]lasting than that [68]against the [69]Samnites; which the Romans [70]undertook the year of the city 411, at the [71]request of the [72]Campani. It [73]lasted [74]seventy years; [75]though they were [76]several times [77]beaten, as in the year 413, in which the [78]Latins [79]rose up in arms [80]against the Romans, but were the year after [81]conquered by the [82]consuls Torquatus and Decius; the [83]former of whom [84]beheaded his own [85]son for [86]fighting [87]without his [88]order; the [89]other [90]devoted himself to [91]destruction for the [92]army; after which the [93]enemies [94]submitted, but [95]soon after [96]rebelling again, they were [97]at last [98]entirely [99]reduced in the year 416.

[100]About this time the [101]Gauls [102]made a [103]peace with the Romans, which they [104]kept [105]thirty years. But in 450, the [106]Cisalpine, [107]together with the [108]Transalpine [109]Gauls, and the [110]Tuscans, [111]laid waste the [112]Roman [113]territories. The Cisalpine [114]returning [115]home [116]loaded with [117]spoils, [118]fell out together about them. [119]Four years after that, having [120]joined the [121]Samnites and [122]Tuscans, they fell [123]upon the Roman [124]army [125]commanded by [126]L. Scipio, the [127]proprætor, in which [128]battle, [129]P. Decius [130]the consul [131]devoted himself.