Part 2

FIG. 1. Unalina, a man of Nuwŭk 34 2. Mûmûñina, a woman of Nuwŭk 35 3. Akabiana, a youth of Utkiavwiñ 36 4. Puka, a young man of Utkiavwiñ 37 5. Woman stretching skins 38 6. Pipes: (_a_) pipe with metal bowl; (_b_) pipe with stone bowl; (_c_) pipe with bowl of antler or ivory 67 7. Pipe made of willow stick 68 8. Tobacco pouches 69 9. Plans of Eskimo winter house 72 10. Interior of iglu, looking toward door 73 11. Interior of iglu, looking toward bench 74 12. House in Utkiavwiñ 76 13. Ground plan and section of winter house in Mackenzie region 77 14. Ground plan of large snow house 82 15. Tent on the beach at Utkiavwiñ 85 16. Wooden bucket 86 17. Large tub 87 18. Whalebone dish 88 19. Meat-bowl 89 20. Stone pot 90 21. Small stone pot 91 22. Fragments of pottery 92 23. Stone maul 94 24. Stone maul 94 25. Stone maul 95 26. Stone maul 95 27. Stone maul 96 28. Stone maul 96 29. Bone maul 97 30. Bone maul 97 31. Bone maul 98 32. Bone maul 98 33. Meat-dish 99 34. Oblong meat-dish 100 35. Oblong meat-dish, very old 100 36. Fish dish 100 37. Whalebone cup 101 38. Horn dipper 101 39. Horn dipper 102 40. Dipper of fossil ivory 103 41. Dipper of fossil ivory 103 42. Wooden spoon 104 43. Horn ladle 104 44. Bone ladle 104 45. Bone ladle in the form of a whale 105 46. Bone ladle 105 47. Stone house-lamp 106 48. Sandstone lamp 107 49. Traveling lamp 108 50. Socket for blubber holder 108 51. Man in ordinary deerskin clothes 110 52. Woman’s hood 111 53. Man’s frock 113 54. Pattern of man’s deerskin frock 113 55. Detail of trimming, skirt and shoulder of man’s frock 114 56. Man wearing plain, heavy frock 114 57. Man’s frock of mountain sheepskin, front and back 115 58. Man’s frock of ermine skins 116 59. Pattern of sheepskin frock 117 60. Pattern of ermine frock 117 61. Woman’s frock, front and back 118 62. Pattern of woman’s frock 119 63. Detail of edging, woman’s frock 119 64. Details of trimming, woman’s frock 119 65. Man’s cloak of deerskin 121 66. Pattern of man’s cloak 121 67. Deerskin mittens 123 68. Deerskin gloves 124 69. Man’s breeches of deerskin 125 70. Pattern of man’s breeches 126 71. Trimming of man’s breeches 126 72. Woman’s pantaloons 127 73. Patterns of woman’s pantaloons 128 74. Pattern of stocking 129 75. Man’s boot of deerskin 131 76. Pattern of deerskin boot 131 77. Man’s dress boot of deerskin 132 78. Pattern of man’s dress boot of deerskin 132 79. Man’s dress boot of skin of mountain sheep 133 80. Pair of man’s dress boots of deerskin 134 81. Woman’s waterproof sealskin boot 135 82. Sketch of “ice-creepers” on boot sole 135 83. Man’s belt woven of feathers 136 84. Diagram showing method of fastening the ends of feathers in belt 137 85. Woman’s belt of wolverine toes 137 86. Belt-fastener 138 87. Man with tattooed cheeks 139 88. Woman with ordinary tattooing 140 89. Man’s method of wearing the hair 141 90. Earrings 143 91. Plug for enlarging labret hole 144 92. Labret of beads and ivory 145 93. Blue and white labret from Anderson River 146 94. Oblong labret of bone 147 95. Oblong labret of soapstone 147 96. Ancient labret 148 97. Beads of amber 149 98. Hair combs 150 99. Slate knives 151 100. Slate knife-blade 152 101. Slate knife 152 102. Slate knife 152 103. Slate hunting-knife 152 104. Blade of slate hunting-knife 153 105. Large slate knife 153 106. Large single-edged slate knife 153 107. Blades of knives 154 108. Peculiar slate knife 154 109. Knife with whalebone blade 155 110. Small iron knife 155 111. Small iron knives 156 112. Iron hunting knife 156 113. Large crooked knife 158 114. Large crooked knife with sheath 158 115. Small crooked knives 159 116. Crooked knife 159 117. Crooked knives, flint-bladed 160 118. Slate-bladed crooked knives 161 119. Woman’s knife, steel blade 161 120. Woman’s knife, slate blade 162 121. Woman’s knife, slate blade 162 122. Woman’s knife, slate blade 162 123. Woman’s knife, slate blade 162 124. Woman’s ancient slate-bladed knife 163 125. Ancient bone handle for woman’s knife 163 126. Large knife of slate 163 127. Woman’s knife of flaked flint 164 128. Hatchet hafted as an adz 165 129. Hatchet hafted as an adz 166 130. Adz-head of jade 167 131. Adz-head of jade 167 132. Hafted jade adz 168 133. Adz-head of jade and bone 168 134. Adz-head of bone and iron, without eyes 168 135. Adz-head of bone and iron, with vertical eyes 169 136. Adz-head of bone and iron, with vertical eyes 169 137. Hafted bone and iron adz 169 138. Hafted bone and stone adz 170 139. Small adz-blade of green jade 170 140. Hafted adz of bone and flint 171 141. Old cooper’s adz, rehafted 171 142. Adz with bone blade 172 143. Antler chisel 173 144. Antler chisel 173 145. Spurious tool, flint blade 173 146. Whalebone shave, slate blade 174 147. Saw made of deer’s scapula 175 148. Saw made of a case-knife 175 149. Bow drill 176 150. Bow drill and mouthpiece 176 151. Bow drill 177 152. Drill bow 177 153. Drill bows 178 154. Spliced drill bow 178 155. Drill mouthpiece with iron socket 179 156. Drill mouthpiece without wings 179 157. Bone-pointed drill 179 158. Handles for drill cords 180 159. Flint-bladed reamers 182 160. Flint-bladed reamers 182 161. Awl 182 162. Jade whetstones 183 163. Jade whetstones 184 164. Wooden tool-boxes 185 165. Large wooden tool-boxes 186 166. Tool-bag of wolverine skin 187 167. Tool-bag of wolverine skin 188 168. Drills belonging to the tool-bag 189 169. Comb for deerskins in the tool-bag 189 170. Bag handles 190 171. Bag of leather 190 172. Little hand-club 191 173. Slungshot made of walrus jaw 191 174. Dagger of bear’s bone 192 175. Bone daggers 192 176. So-called dagger of bone 193 177. Boy’s bow from Utkiavwiñ 196 178. Loop at end of bowstring 197 179. Large bow from Nuwŭk 197 180. Large bow from Sidaru 198 181. Feathering of the Eskimo arrow 201 182. Flint-headed arrow (kukĭksadlĭñ) 202 183. Long flint pile 202 184. Short flint pile 202 185. Heart-shaped flint pile 203 186. (_a_) Arrow with “after pile” (ipudligadlĭñ); (_b_) arrow with iron pile (savidlĭñ); (_c_) arrow with iron pile (savidlĭñ); (_d_) arrow with copper pile (savidlĭñ); (_e_) deer-arrow (nûtkodlĭñ) 203 187. Pile of deer arrow (nûtkăñ) 205 188. “Kûnmûdlĭñ” arrow pile 205 189. (_a_) Fowl arrow (tugalĭñ); (_b_) bird arrow (kixodwain) 206 190. Bow case and quivers 208 191. Quiver rod 209 192. Cap for quiver rod 209 193. Bracer 210 194. Bracer of bone 210 195. Bird dart 211 196. Point for bird dart 212 197. Ancient point for bird dart 212 198. Point for bird dart 213 199. Bird dart with double point 213 200. Ancient ivory dart head 214 201. Bone dart head 214 202. Nozzle for bladder float 215 203. Seal dart 215 204. Foreshaft of seal dart 217 205. Throwing board for darts 217 206. Harpoon head 218 207. Harpoon head 219 208. Ancient bone harpoon head 219 209. (_a_) Ancient bone harpoon head; (_b_) variants of this type 220 210. Bone harpoon head 220 211. Bone harpoon head 220 212. Harpoon head, bone and stone 221 213. Harpoon head, bone and stone 221 214. Walrus harpoons 224 215. Typical walrus-harpoon heads 226 216. Typical walrus-harpoon heads 226 217. Typical walrus-harpoon heads 227 218. Walrus-harpoon head, with “leader” 227 219. Walrus-harpoon head, with line 228 220. Walrus-harpoon head, with line 228 221. Walrus-harpoon head, with line 229 222. Foreshaft of walrus harpoon 230 223. Harpoon head for large seals 230 224. Retrieving seal harpoon 231 225. Details of retrieving seal harpoon 232 226. Jade blade for seal harpoon 233 227. Seal harpoon for thrusting 233 228. Diagram of lashing on shaft 234 229. Model of a seal harpoon 235 230. Large model of whale harpoon 235 231. Model of whale harpoon, with floats 236 232. Flint blade for whale harpoon 237 233. Slate blade for whale harpoon 237 234. Body of whale harpoon head 238 235. Whale harpoon heads 238 236. Whale harpoon head with “leader” 239 237. Foreshaft of whale harpoon 239 238. Whale lance 240 239. Flint head of whale lance 241 240. Flint heads for whale lances 241 241. Bear lance 242 242. Flint head for bear lance 242 243. Deer lance 243 244. Part of deer lance with flint head 243 245. Deer lance, flint head 244 246. Flint head for deer lance 244 247. Bird bolas, looped up for carrying 245 248. Bird bolas, ready for use 245 249. Sealskin float 247 250. Flipper toggles 248 251. Boxes for harpoon heads 249 252. Seal net 251 253. Scratchers for decoying seals 253 254. Seal rattle 254 255. Seal indicators 255 256. Sealing stool 255 257. Seal drag and handles 257 258. Whalebone wolf killers 259 259. Wooden snow-goggles 261 260. Bone snow-goggles 262 261. Wooden snow-goggles, unusual form 262 262. Marker for meat cache 262 263. Marker for meat cache 263 264. Tackle for shore fishing 279 265. Knot of line into hook 279 266. Small fish-hooks 280 267. Hooks for river fishing 280 268. Tackle for river fishing 280 269. Burbot hook, first pattern 281 270. Burbot hook, second pattern 281 271. Burbot hook, made of cod hook 281 272. Burbot tackle, baited 281 273. Ivory sinker 282 274. Ivory jigger for polar cod 282 275. Section of whalebone net 284 276. Mesh of sinew net 285 277. Fish trap 285 278. Fish spear 286 279. Flint flakers 288 280. Haft of flint flaker 288 281. Flint flaker, with bone blade 289 282. Fire drill, with mouthpiece and stock 289 283. Set of bow-and-arrow tools 291 284. Marline spike 292 285. Marline spike 292 286. “Twister” for working sinew backing of bow 293 287. “Feather setter” 294 288. Tool of antler 294 289. Skin scraper 295 290. Skin scrapers--handles only 295 291. Skin scrapers 296 292. Skin scraper 296 293. Peculiar modification of scraper 296 294. Skin scraper 297 295. Skin scraper 297 296. Skin scraper 297 297. Flint blade for skin scraper 298 298. Straight-hafted scraper 298 299. Bone scraper 299 300. Scraper cups 299 301. Combs for cleaning deer-skins 301 302. “Double slit” splice for rawhide lines 302 303. Mattock of whale’s rib 303 304. Pickax-heads of bone, ivory, and whale’s rib 303 305. Ivory snow knife 305 306. Snow shovels 305 307. Snow shovel made of a whale’s scapula 307 308. Snow pick 307 309. Snow drill 308 310. Ice scoop 308 311. Long blubber hook 310 312. Short-handled blubber hook 310 313. Fish sealer 311 314. Ivory shuttle 311 315. Netting needle 312 316. Mesh stick 312 317. Netting needles 313 318. Netting needles for seal net 314 319. Netting needle 314 320. Mesh sticks 314 321. Netting weights 316 322. Shuttle belonging to set of feather tools 316 323. Mesh stick 317 324. “Sword” for feather weaving 317 325. Quill case of bone needles 318 326. (_a_) Large bone needle and peculiar thimble; (_b_) Leather thimbles with bone needles 318 327. Needle cases with belt hooks 320 328. (_a_) Needle case with belt hook; (_b_) needle case open, showing bone needles 321 329. Trinket boxes 323 330. Trinket boxes 324 331. Ivory box 325 332. Bone box 325 333. Little flask of ivory 325 334. Box in shape of deer 325 335. Small basket 326 336. Small basket 326 337. Small basket 327 338. Kaiak 329 339. Method of fastening together frame of kaiak 329 340. Double kaiak paddle 330 341. Model kaiak and paddle 334 342. Frame of umiak 336 343. (_a_) Method of fastening bilge-streaks to stem of umiak; (_b_) method of framing rib to gunwale, etc. 337 344. Method of slinging the oar of umiak 339 345. (_a_) Model of umiak and paddles; (_b_) model of umiak, inside plan 340 346. Ivory bailer for umiak 340 347. Ivory crotch for harpoon 341 348. Ivory crotch for harpoon 342 349. Crotch for harpoon made of walrus jaw 342 350. Snowshoe 345 351. Knot in snowshoe netting 346 352. (_a_) First round of heel-netting of snowshoe; (_b_) first and second round of heel-netting of snowshoe 347 353. (_a_) First round of heel-netting of snowshoe; (_b_) first, second, and third rounds of heel-netting of snowshoe 348 354. Small snowshoe 350 355. Old “chief,” with staffs 353 356. Railed sledge (diagrammatic), from photograph 354 357. Flat sledge 355 358. Small sledge with ivory runners 355 359. Small toboggan of whalebone 357 360. Hunting score engraved on ivory 361 361. Hunting score engraved on ivory, obverse and reverse 362 362. Hunting score engraved on ivory 362 363. Hunting score engraved on ivory, obverse and reverse 363 364. Game of fox and geese from Plover Bay 365 365. Dancing cap 365 366. Wooden mask 366 367. Wooden mask and dancing gorget 367 368. Old grotesque mask 368 369. Rude mask of wood 369 370. Wolf mask of wood 369 371. Very ancient small mask 369 372. Dancing gorgets of wood 371 373. Youth dancing to the aurora 375 374. Whirligigs 377 375. Teetotum 378 376. Buzz toy 378 377. Whizzing stick 379 378. Pebble snapper 379 379. Carving of human head 380 380. Mechanical doll--drum-player 381 381. Mechanical toy--kaiak paddler 381 382. Kaiak carved from block of wood 382 383. Drum 385 384. Handle of drum secured to rim 386 385. Drum handles 387 386. Ivory drumsticks 388 387. Ancient carving--human head 393 388. Wooden figures 393 389. Carving--face of Eskimo man 394 390. Grotesque soapstone image--“walrus man” 394 391. Bone image of dancer 395 392. Bone image of man 396 393. Grotesque bone image 396 394. Bone image--sitting man 396 395. Human figure carved from walrus ivory 396 396. Ivory carving--three human heads 397 397. Rude human head, carved from a walrus tooth 397 398. Elaborate ivory carving 398 399. Bear carved of soapstone 398 400. Bear flaked from flint 399 401. (_a_) Bear carved from bone; (_b_) bear’s head 399 402. Ivory figures of bears 400 403. Rude ivory figures of walrus 401 404. Images of seal--wood and bone 401 405. White whale carved from gypsum 402 406. Wooden carving--whale 403 407. Whale carved from soapstone 403 408. Rude flat image of whale 404 409. Ivory image of whale 404 410. Ivory image of whale 404 411. Pair of little ivory whales 405 412. Soapstone image of imaginary animal 405 413. Ivory carving, seal with fish’s head 405 414. Ivory carving, ten-legged bear 406 415. Ivory carving, giant holding whales 406 416. Double-headed animal carved from antler 407 417. Ivory carving--dog 407 418. (_a_) Piece of ivory, engraved with figures; (_b_) development of pattern 408 419. (_a_) Similar engraved ivory; (_b_) development of pattern 408 420. Ivory doll 409 421. Whale flaked from glass 435 422. Whale flaked from red jasper 435 423. Ancient whale amulet, of wood 436 424. Amulet of whaling--stuffed godwit 438 425. Amulet consisting of ancient jade adz 438 426. Little box containing amulet for whaling 439 427. Amulet for catching fowl with bolas 439 428. Box of dried bees--amulet 440