Ethnobotany of the Ojibwe Indians
Part 10
=Yellow Pimpernel= (_Taenidia integerrima_ [L.] Drude), “manweˈgons” or “manweˈkos”. The Flambeau Ojibwe declare that the seeds of this plant are very good for smoking in a pipe when one goes hunting for they will bring him luck.
CONCLUSION
The Ojibwe will always be interesting, because they prefer to live in the backwoods, and because they cling so closely to their traditions. A further reason is that they are more numerous than any other Wisconsin tribe. They are good friends of the white people and find it hard to keep to a strictly commercial basis, when hired as guides for fishing and hunting. Many Milwaukee sportsmen have much appreciated friends among the Ojibwe, who have ever been strict and upright in their dealings with them.
There remains a considerable amount of folk lore or ethnology to be studied and recorded, and since it is easy to find well educated men and women among them, who still recall the traditions and stories of their early life, it should prove a fertile field of investigation for some student. The writer is satisfied that he has only touched the surface in their ethnobotanical uses, knowing that three or four months are really too short a time to get this lore from them. But he wishes to close by saying that the Ojibwe are one of the most interesting people he has ever met.
FOOTNOTES:
[85] Walter J. Hoffman. “The Midewiwin or ‘Grand Medicine Society’ of the Ojibwa.” In the 7th Annual Report of Bur. of Ethnol. 1891, pp. 143-299.
[86] Miss Frances Densmore. “Use of Plants by the Chippewa Indians.” In 44th Ann. Rept. Bur. Am. Ethnol., 1928, pp. 275-397.
[87] Field work is completed upon the ethnobotany of the Forest Pottawatomi, Winnebago and Oneida Indians, and bulletins will appear upon their ethnobotany at a future date. All will follow the same general plan.
[88] OJIBWE SYLLABARY
ba be bi bo ka ke ki ko sa se si so wa we wi we sha she shi sho ya ye yi yo na ne ni no a e i o ma me mi mo da de di do ta te ti to ga ge gi go tta tte tti tto
The letters all have the English value except tta and ga, which are pronounced cha and kwa. A, e, i, and o when pronounced alone become ha, he, hi, ho. Extra characters are Ji, pronounced zhi, and di, pronounced dzhi.
[89] “The Indian tribes of the Upper Mississippi Valley and region of the Great Lakes” By Nicolas Perrot, translated by E. H. Blair, 1911, Vol. 1, p. 109.
[90] “The last Indian uprising in the U.S.” Louis H. Roddis, Minn. Hist. Bull. Vol. 3, No. 5, pp. 273-290.
[91] “Sketches of a tour of the Lakes, of the character and customs of the Chippeway Indians, and of the incidents connected with the treaty of Fond du Lac,” Thos. L. McKenney, (Balto. 1827).
[92] Present Series, Vol. IV, pl. 31, fig. 3
[93] Present Series, Vol. IV, pl. 31, fig. 4
[94] Present Series, Vol. IV, pl. 35, fig. 4.
[95] Present Series, Vol. IV, pl. 15, fig. 4
[96] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 45, fig. 1.
[97] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 26, fig. 2.
[98] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 28, fig. 2.
[99] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 16, fig. 3.
[100] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 17, fig. 1.
[101] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 17, fig. 2.
[102] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 16, fig. 1.
[103] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 31, fig. 1.
[104] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 18, fig. 1.
[105] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 11, fig. 1.
[106] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 20, fig. 1.
[107] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 19, fig. 2.
[108] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 33, fig. 1.
[109] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 40, fig. 2.
[110] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 20, fig. 3.
[111] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 19, fig. 3.
[112] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 19, fig. 4.
[113] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 14, fig. 3.
[114] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 13, fig. 1.
[115] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 32, fig. 3.
[116] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 14, fig. 2.
[117] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 8, fig. 3.
[118] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 31, fig. 2.
[119] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 30, fig. 2.
[120] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 33, fig. 2.
[121] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 23, fig. 3.
[122] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 8, fig. 1.
[123] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 37, fig. 3.
[124] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 25, fig. 4.
[125] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 23, fig. 2.
[126] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 24, fig. 1, and pl. 37, fig. 1.
[127] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 7, fig. 1.
[128] Indian Notes and Monographs, Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation, Misc. Publ. 20, pp. 164-165, 1921.
[129] Present series, Vol. IV, plate 31, fig. 3.
[130] Lyons, A. N.—Plant Names, Scientific and Popular, 1907, Detroit, p. 408, Art. 1906.
[131] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 9, fig. 4.
[132] Present series. Vol. IV, pl. 45, fig. 1.
[133] Present series. Vol. IV, pl. 26, fig. 2.
[134] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 16, fig. 3.
[135] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 17, fig. 1.
[136] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 34, fig. 3.
[137] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 11, fig. 1.
[138] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 29, fig. 1.
[139] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 33, fig. 1.
[140] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 20, fig. 3.
[141] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 40, fig. 3, and pl. 41, fig. 2.
[142] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 25, fig. 4.
[143] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 32, fig. 2.
[144] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 7, fig. 2.
[145] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 16, fig. 3.
[146] 1923 Yearbook, fig. 17.
[147] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 35, fig. 4.
[148] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 26, fig. 2.
[149] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 40, fig. 2.
[150] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 14, fig. 3.
[151] Present series, Vol. IV, pl. 31, fig. 2.
FINDING LIST OF PLANTS
BY SCIENTIFIC NAME
Abies balsamea 378, 420
ACERACEAE 353, 394, 412
Acer negundo 353, 394
Acer rubrum 353, 412
Acer spicatum 353, 413
Acer saccharum 394, 413
Achillea lanulosa 362, 417
Achillea millefolium 362
Acorus calamus 355, 428
Actaea rubra 382
Agrimonia gryposepala 383
ALISMACEAE 353, 396
Allium cernuum 406
Allium tricoccum 406
Alnus incana 358, 425
Amelanchier laevis 384, 408
Amphicarpa pitcheri 405
ANACARDIACEAE 354, 397, 424
Anaphalis margaritacea 362
Andromeda glaucophylla 368, 400
Anemone canadensis 382
Anemone cylindrica 383
Antennaria neodioica 363
Anthoxanthum odoratum 419
APOCYNACEAE 354, 413, 428
Apocynum androsaemifolium 354, 374, 413, 428
Aquilegia canadensis 383
AQUIFOLIACEAE 355
Arabis glabra 367
ARACEAE 355, 428
ARALIACEAE 356, 428
Aralia nudicaulis 356, 428
Aralia racemosa 356
Arctium minus 363
Arisaema triphyllum 356
ARISTOLOCHIACEAE 357, 397
Artemisia ludoviciana 363, 417
Asarum canadense acuminatum 357, 397
ASCLEPIADACEAE 357, 397, 428
Asclepias syriaca 357, 397, 428
Aspidium cristatum 381
Asplenium filix-femina 381
Aster cordifolius 428
Aster macrophyllus 363, 398, 429
BALSAMINACEAE 357, 425
BERBERIDACEAE 358
Betula alba papyrifera 358, 413, 425
BETULACEAE 358, 397, 413, 425
Betula lutea 397
Betula pumila glandulifera 359, 417
BORAGINACEAE 359
Botrychium virginianum 377
Caltha palustris 408
Calvatia craniiformis 370
Campanula aparinoides 360
CAMPANULACEAE 360
Campanula rotundifolia 360
CAPRIFOLIACEAE 360, 398, 417
Carya ovata 405, 419
CARYOPHYLLACEAE 361
Castalia odorata 376, 407
Caulophyllum thalictroides 358
CELASTRACEAE 362, 398
Celastrus scandens 362, 398
Chamaedaphne calyculata 400
Chimaphila umbellata 368
Chrysanthemum leucanthemum 363
Cicuta maculata 390, 432
Cimicifuga racemosa 382
Cirsium arvense 364
Cirsium lanceolatum 364
Cladonia rangiferina 373
Clintonia borealis 373, 430
COMPOSITAE 362, 398, 417, 428
Coptis trifolia 383, 426
CORNACEAE 366, 399, 417, 429
Cornus alternifolia 366, 417, 429
Cornus canadensis 366
Cornus paniculata 367, 399, 418
Corydalis aurea 370
Corylus americana 359, 397, 417, 425
Corylus rostrata 359, 398
Crataegus sp 384, 409, 422, 431
CRUCIFERAE 367, 399
Cucumis sativa 399
CUCURBITACEAE 367, 399
Cucurbita maxima 367, 399
Cucurbita pepo 400
Cynoglossum boreale 359
CYPERACEAE 368, 418
Cypripedium parviflorum 377
Dentaria maxima 399
Diervilla lonicera 360, 375, 377
Dirca palustris 390
Echinocystis lobata 367
Epilobium angustifolium 376
EQUISETACEAE 368, 400, 418
Equisetum arvense 368, 400
Equisetum hyemale 368, 418
ERICACEAE 368, 400, 430
Erigeron canadensis 429
Erigeron philadelphicus 364, 398, 429
Erigeron ramosus 364
Eriophorum callitrix 368
Eupatorium purpureum 364
EUPHORBIACEAE 369
Euphorbia corollata 369
FAGACEAE 369, 401, 418, 425
Fagus grandifolia 401
Fomes applanatus 370
Fragaria virginiana 384, 409
Fraxinus nigra 420
Fraxinus pennsylvanica 376, 407, 420
FUMARIACEAE 370
FUNGI 370, 402
Galium aparine 386
Galium tinctorium 386
Galium trifidum 387
Gaultheria procumbens 369, 400
GERANIACEAE 370
Geranium maculatum 370
Geum macrophyllum 384
Glyceria canadensis 371
GRAMINAE 371, 402, 419
Habenaria bracteata 377, 431
Heracleum lanatum 390, 432
Hieracium canadense 429
Humulus lupulus 391, 411
HYDROPHYLLACEAE 371, 405, 419
Hydrophyllum virginianum 371, 405, 419
Ilex verticillata 355
Impatiens biflora 357, 425
IRIDACEAE 371, 430
Iris versicolor 371, 430
JUGLANDACEAE 405, 419, 425
Juglans cinerea 405, 425
JUNCACEAE 419
Juncus dudleyi 419
LABIATAE 371, 405, 430
Lactuca spicata 364, 429
Lagenaria vulgaris 400
Laportea canadensis 391, 423
Larix laricina 378, 421
Lathyrus ochroleucus 371, 406, 419
Lathyrus palustris 373, 419
Ledum groenlandicum 401
LEGUMINOSAE 371, 405, 419
LICHENS 373, 406
LILIACEAE 373, 430
Linaria vulgaris 389
Lychnis alba 361
LYCOPODIACEAE 375
Lycopodium complanatum 375
Lycopodium obscurum dendroideum 375
Lysimachia thyrsiflora 382
Maianthemum canadense 373
Melampyrum lineare 389
Melilotus alba 373
MENISPERMACEAE 375
Menispermum canadense 375
Mentha arvensis canadensis 371, 405
Microstylis unifolia 377
Monarda fistulosa 371
Myrica asplenifolia 375, 420
MYRICACEAE 375, 420, 425
Myrica gale 425
Nelumbo lutea 407
Nemopanthus mucronata 355
Nepeta cataria 371, 405
Nymphaea advena 376
NYMPHAEACEAE 376, 407
NYCTAGINACEAE 375
Oakesia sessilifolia 430
Oenothera biennis 376
OLEACEAE 376, 420
ONAGRACEAE 376
Onoclea sensibilis 382
OPHIOGLOSSACEAE 377
ORCHIDACEAE 377, 431
Osmorhiza claytoni 391
Osmorhiza longistylis 391
Oxybaphus nyctagineus 375
Panax quinquefolium 356
PAPAVERACEAE 377, 426
Pastinaca sativa 391
Pedicularis canadensis 389, 432
Phaseolus lunatus macrocarpa 406
Phaseolus vulgaris 406
Picea canadensis 379
Picea mariana 379, 421
PINACEAE 378, 407, 420, 426
Pinus banksiana 379, 421
Pinus resinosa 379, 421
Pinus strobus 379, 407, 421
PLANTAGINACEAE 380, 431
Plantago major 380, 431
POLYGONACEAE 381, 431
Polygonatum biflorum 374
Polygonum careyi 381
Polygonum muhlenbergii 381, 431
POLYPODIACEAE 381, 408
Populus balsamifera 352, 387
Populus grandidentata 352, 387, 410
Populus tremuloides 388
Potentilla monspeliensis 384
Potentilla palustris 384
Prenanthus alba 365
PRIMULACEAE 382, 431
Prunella vulgaris 371, 430
Prunus nigra 409, 426
Prunus pennsylvanica 385, 409
Prunus pumila 409
Prunus serotina 385, 409
Prunus virginiana 385, 409
Psedera quinquefolia 411
Pteris aquilina 382, 408
Pyrola americana 430
Quercus alba 401, 418
Quercus macrocarpa 369, 402, 425
Quercus rubra 369, 402
Quercus velutina 402, 424, 425
Radicula palustris 367
RANUNCULACEAE 382, 408, 426, 431
Ranunculus pennsylvanicus 383, 426, 431
Ranunculus sceleratus 383
Rhus glabra 354, 397, 424
Rhus toxicodendron 354
Rhus typhina 354, 397, 424
Ribes americanum 410
Ribes cynosbati 410
Ribes oxyacanthoides 410
Ribes triste 389, 410
Rosa blanda 385
ROSACEAE 408, 422, 426, 431
RUBIACEAE 386
Rubus allegheniensis 385, 409
Rubus idaeus aculeatissimus 386, 410
Rubus villosus 409
Rudbeckia hirta 365
Rumex crispus 381, 431
RUTACEAE 387
Sagittaria arifolia 353, 396
SALICACEAE 387, 410, 422
Salix fragilis 388
Salix lucida 388, 422
Salix pedicellaris 388
Sambucus racemosus 360
Sanguinaria canadensis 377, 426
Sanicula marilandica 391
SARRACENIACEAE 389
Sarracenia purpurea 389
SAXIFRAGACEAE 389, 410
Scirpus cyperinus 418
Scirpus validus 418
SCROPHULARIACEAE 389, 432
Scutellaria galericulata 371
Senecio aureus 365
Senecio integerrimus 365
Silphium perfoliatum 365
Sisymbrium canescens 367
Sium cicutaefolium 432
Smilacina racemosa 374, 407
Smilacina stellata 374
Smilax herbacea 374
SOLANACEAE 410
Solanum tuberosum 410
Solidago graminifolia 366, 429
SPHAGNACEAE 422
Spiraea salicifolia 386
Spiraea tomentosa 386
Spiranthes gracilis 431
Sticta glomulifera 406
Streptopus roseus 374
Symphoricarpos occidentalis 361
Symphoricarpos racemosus 361
Taenidia integerrima 432
Tanacetum vulgare 366, 429
Taraxacum officinale 366, 399
Thalictrum dasycarpum 383
Thuja occidentalis 380, 421
THYMELEACEAE 390
Tilia americana 422
TILIACEAE 422
Trientalis americana 431
Tsuga canadensis 380, 408, 422, 426
TYPHACEAE 390, 423, 432
Typha latifolia 390, 423, 432
Ulmus fulva 392, 423
UMBELLIFERAE 432
URTICACEAE 391, 411, 423
Urtica lyallii 392, 423
Uvularia grandiflora 374
Vaccinium nigrum 401
Vaccinium oxycoccus 369, 401
Vaccinium pennsylvanicum 369, 401
Vaccinium vacillans 401
Verbascum thapsus 390
Viburnum lentago 361, 398
Viburnum opulus americanum 353, 361
Viburnum prunifolium 361
Viburnum pubescens 417
Viola canadensis 392
VIOLACEAE 392
Viola conspersa 392
VITACEAE 392, 411
Vitis vulpina 392, 411
Xanthium commune 366
Zanthoxylum americanum 387
Zea mays 402
Zizania palustris 403
BY ENGLISH NAME
Adder’s Mouth 377
ADDER’S TONGUE FAMILY 377
Agrimony 383
Alder, Speckled 358, 425
Anemone, Canada 382
Apple, Red Haw 409
Arbor Vitae 380, 421
Arrowhead, Arum Leaved 353, 396
Arrow-wood, Downy 417
ARUM FAMILY 355, 428
Ash, Black 420
Ash, Prickly 387
Ash, Red 376, 407, 420
Aspen, Large-toothed 387, 410
Aspen, Quaking 388
Aster, Blue Wood 428
Aster, Large-leaved 363, 398, 429
Avens, Large-leaved 384
Balsam-apple, Wild 367
Balsam Fir 378, 420
Baneberry, Red 382
BARBERRY FAMILY 358
BASSWOOD FAMILY 422
BAYBERRY FAMILY 375, 420, 425
Bean, Cranberry Pole 406
Bean, Lima 406
Bean, Navy 406
Bear 352
Bedstraw, Small 387
Beech 401
BEECH FAMILY 369, 401, 418, 425
BELLFLOWER FAMILY 360
Bellflower, Marsh 360
Bellwort, Large-flowered 374
Bellwort, Sessile-leaved 430
Bergamot, Wild 371
Betony, Wood 389, 432
BIRCH FAMILY 358, 397, 413, 425
Birch, Low 359, 417
Birch, Paper 358, 413, 425
Birch, Yellow 397
BIRTHWORT FAMILY 357, 397
Bittersweet, Climbing 362, 398
Blackberry, High Bush 385, 409
Bloodroot 377, 426
Blueberry 369, 401
Blueberry, Black Low 401