Part 7

_*Extractum Colocynthidis Compositum (Ext. Colocynth. Co.), Compound Extract of Colocynth, U.S.P._ (Powdered Compound Extract of Colocynth).--Extract of colocynth (16%), aloes (50%), resin of scammony (14%), cardamom seed and soap.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).

_Pilulae Catharticae Compositae (Pil. Cathart. Co.), Compound Cathartic Pills, U.S.P._--Each pill contains compound extract of colocynth (0.08 Gm. or 1-1/3 grains), mild mercurous chloride (0.06 Gm. or 1 grain), resin of jalap (0.02 Gm. or 1/3 grain) and gamboge (0.015 Gm. or 1/4 grain).

DOSAGE: 2 pills (U.S.P.).

_Pilulae Catharticae Vegetabiles (Pil. Cathart. Veget.), Vegetable Cathartic Pills, N.F._--Each pill contains compound extract of colocynth (0.06 Gm. or 1 grain), extract of hyoscyamus (0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain), resin of jalap (0.02 Gm. or 1/3 grain), extract of leptandra and resin of podophyllum (each 0.015 Gm. or 1/4 grain) with oil of peppermint.

DOSAGE: 2 pills (N.F.).

_Pilulae Colocynthidis Compositae (Pil. Colocynth. Co.), Compound Pills of Colocynth, N.F._ (Pilulae Cocciae, Cochia Pills).--Each pill contains extract of colocynth (0.011 Gm. or 1/6 grain), aloes and resin of scammony (each 0.13 Gm. or 2 grains), with oil of clove.

DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).

_Pilulae Colocynthidis et Hyoscyami (Pil. Colocynth. et Hyoscy.), Pills of Colocynth and Hyoscyamus, N.F._--Each pill contains extract of colocynth (0.0065 Gm. or 1/10 grain), aloes, resin of scammony and extract of hyoscyamus (each 0.097 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains) and oil of clove.

DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).

_Pilulae Colocynthidis et Podophylli (Pil. Colocynth. et Podoph.), Pills of Colocynth and Podophyllum, N.F._--Each pill contains compound extract of colocynth (0.162 Gm. or 2-1/2 grains) and resin of podophyllum (0.016 Gm. or 1/4 grain) with syrup.

DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).

_Pilulae Laxativae Post Partum (Pil. Lax. Post Part.), Post Partum Laxative Pills, N.F._ (Barker's Post Partum Pills).--Each pill contains compound extract of colocynth (0.11 Gm. or 1-2/3 grains), Socotrine aloes (0.055 Gm. or 7/8 grain), extract of nux vomica (0.025 Gm. or 2/5 grain), resin of podophyllum and ipecac (each 0.005 Gm. or 1/12 grain) and extract of hyoscyamus (0.008 Gm. or 1/8 grain).

DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.)

=Condurango (Conduran.), Condurango, N.F.=--A bark.

ACTION AND USES: Bitter stomachic, introduced especially for cancer cachexia, but without advantage over gentian.

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Condurango (Fldext. Condurango), Fluidextract of Condurango, N.F._--Condurango (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=CONFECTIONES, CONFECTIONS= (Conserves, Electuaries).--Soft, pasty solids consisting of active drugs mixed with sugar and honey.

=Conium (Conium), Conium, N.F.= (Poison Hemlock, _Conium maculatum_).--Unripe fruit.

ACTION AND USES: Source of coniine. Depresses the motor system, but has no definite therapeutic indication.

DOSAGE: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (N.F.).

_Extractum Conii (Ext. Conii), Extract of Conium, N.F._--A hydro-alcoholic extract diluted with glucose, yielding about 2 per cent. of coniine.

DOSAGE: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Conii (Fldext. Conii), Fluidextract of Conium, N.F._--Conium (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (N.F.).

=Convallariae Flores (Convallar. Flor.), Convallaria Flowers, N.F.= (Lily-of-the-Valley Flowers).

ACTION AND USES: Believed to act as a cardiac tonic, similar to digitalis, but unreliable.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Convallariae Florum (Fldext. Conval. Flor.), Fluidextract of Convallaria Flowers, N.F._ (Fluidextractum Convallariae, N.F. III).--Convallaria flowers (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (N.F.).

=Convallariae Radix (Convallar. Rad.), Convallaria Root, N.F.= (Lily-of-the-Valley Root).--Rhizome and roots.

ACTION AND USES: Same as the flowers.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Convallariae Radicis (Fldext. Conval. Rad.), Fluidextract of Convallaria Root, N.F._--Convallaria root (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (N.F.).

=*Copaiba (Copaib.), Copaiba, U.S.P.= (Balsam of Copaiba, Copaiva).--An oleoresin.

Pale yellow or brownish-yellow, viscid liquid, with an aromatic odor and a persistent, bitter, acrid taste. Insoluble in water and partly soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: A mild but disagreeable irritant and diuretic. Used especially in the treatment of gonorrhea, but of doubtful efficiency. The copaiba mixtures as listed below were formerly widely used, but are disagreeable, irrational and usually inefficient.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).

_Massa Copaibae (Mass. Copaib.), Mass of Copaiba, N.F._ (Solidified Copaiba).--Copaiba solidified by combination with magnesium oxide.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).

_Mistura Copaibae (Mist. Copaib.), Copaiba Mixture, N.F._ (Lafayette Mixture).--Copaiba (12.5%), spirit of nitrous ether (12.5%), compound tincture of lavender, solution of potassium hydroxide in syrup and mucilage of acacia. Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Mistura Copaibae et Opii (Mist. Copaib. et Opii), Mixture of Copaiba and Opium, N.F._ (Chapman's Mixture).--Copaiba (25%), tincture of opium (3.2%), spirit of nitrous ether (25%), and compound tincture of lavender in mucilage of acacia and water. Absolute alcohol content about 29 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=Coptis (Coptis), Coptis, N.F.= (Goldthread).--Plant.

ACTION AND USES: Bitter stomachic, possessing no advantage over gentian.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Coptis (Fldext. Copt.), Fluidextract of Coptis, N.F._--Coptis (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).

=CORDIALES, CORDIALS.=--Cordials are sweetened alcoholic liquids

=Coriandrum (Coriand.), Coriander, U.S.P.= (Coriander Seeds).

ACTION AND USES: Aromatic and carminative

=Cornus (Corn.), Cornus, N.F.= (Dogwood Bark).--Bark of the root.

ACTION AND USES: Without definite indications for its use; practically obsolete.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Corni (Fldext. Corni), Fluidextract of Cornus, N.F._--Cornus (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 35 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.)

=Corydalis (Coryd.), Corydalis, N.F.= (Turkey Corn, Squirrel Corn).--Tubers.

ACTION AND USES: Formerly exploited as antiluetic, but useless and therefore harmful.

DOSAGE: 0.65 Gm. or 10 grains (N.F.).

_Elixir Corydalis Compositum (Elix. Coryd. Co.), Compound Elixir of Corydalis, N.F._--Fluidextract of corydalis, (6%), fluidextract of stillingia (6%), fluidextract of xanthoxylum (3%), fluidextract of blue flag (9%), potassium iodide (5%), alcohol and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

ACTION AND USES: An irrational and harmful "alterative."

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Corydalis (Fldext. Corydal.), Fluidextract of Corydalis, N.F._--Corydalis (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 65 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.65 Cc. or 10 minims (N.F.)

=Cotarninae Hydrochloridum (Cotarn. Hydrochl.), Cotarnine Hydrochloride, U.S.P.= (Cotarnine Chloride; Stypticin).

Yellow, odorless powder. Freely soluble in water and alcohol, yielding yellow solutions.

ACTION AND USES: Used to check functional uterine hemorrhage. The mechanism of its action has not been explained, and its efficiency is somewhat questionable.

DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.)

=Coumarinum (Coumar.), Coumarin, N.F.=

Colorless, fragrant crystals, with a bitter, burning taste. Sparingly soluble in cold water; freely soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Perfume and flavor

=Creosoti Carbonas (Creosot. Carb.), Creosote Carbonate, U.S.P.=--A mixture of the carbonates of various constituents of creosote, chiefly guaiacol and cresol.

An almost colorless, almost tasteless, odorless viscid liquid. Insoluble in water; freely soluble in alcohol and miscible with chloroform and benzin.

ACTION AND USES: Passes stomach unchanged; hence is not a gastric irritant; decomposed in the intestines; used as an intestinal antiseptic.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.)

=*Creosotum (Creosot.), Creosote, U.S.P.= (Creasote).--A mixture chiefly of guaiacol and cresol, obtained from wood-tar.

An almost colorless, oily liquid, with a penetrating, smoky odor, and a burning, caustic taste. Slightly soluble in water, and miscible with alcohol, ether or fixed or volatile oils.

ACTION AND USES: Antiseptic; formerly widely used as an intestinal antiseptic and externally to some extent as an antiseptic dressing.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Cc. or 4 minims (U.S.P.), in capsules.

_Aqua Creosoti (Aq. Creosot.), Creosote Water, U.S.P._--Creosote (1%) in water.

DOSAGE: 10 Cc. or 2-1/2 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).

_Petroxolinum Creosoti (Petrox. Creosot.), Creosote Petroxolin, N.F._ (Creosote Petrox).--Creosote (20%), oleic acid and liquid petroxolin.

=*Cresol (Cresol), Cresol, U.S.P.=--A mixture of isomeric cresols, C{6}H{4}(CH{3})OH. Obtained from coal tar.

Colorless, yellowish or brownish liquid, darkening with age and exposure to light, and having a phenol-like odor. Soluble in water (1:50), usually forming a cloudy solution, and miscible with alcohol, ether, petroleum benzin or glycerin.

ACTION AND USES: Action similar to phenol. Used as a disinfectant and antiseptic. Approximately four times as germicidal as phenol, and no more toxic.

DOSAGE: 0.05 Cc. or 1 minim (U.S.P.).

_*Liquor Cresolis Compositus (Liq. Cresol. Co.), Compound Solution of Cresol, U.S.P._--Cresol (50%) with a potassium soap solution.

=Creta Praeparata (Cret. Praep.), Prepared Chalk, U.S.P.= (Drop Chalk).--A native calcium carbonate.

White, amorphous, odorless, tasteless powder. Almost insoluble in water, insoluble in alcohol. Decomposed and dissolved by dilute acids.

ACTION AND USES: Used internally as a mild alkali, as antacid and against diarrhea.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.) as a powder or in suspension.

_Mistura Cretae (Mist. Cret.), Chalk Mixture, U.S.P._--Compound chalk powder (20%) with cinnamon water and water.

DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).

_Pulvis Cretae Aromaticus._--See under =Cinnamomum Saigonicum.=

_Pulvis Cretae Compositus (Pulv. Cret. Co.), Compound Chalk Powder, U.S.P._--Prepared chalk (30%), with acacia and sugar.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.)

=Crocus (Croc.), Crocus, N.F.= (Saffron).--Stigmas of the flowers.

ACTION AND USES: Yellow coloring agent without definite therapeutic indications. Has been used as "stimulant and antispasmodic."

_Tinctura Croci (Tr. Croc.), Tincture of Saffron, N.F._--Saffron (10%) in diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 45 per cent.

=Cubeba (Cubeb.), Cubeb, U.S.P.= (Cubebs).--Fruit.

ACTION AND USES: Formerly much used internally as antiseptic, diuretic and as a stimulant to the genito-urinary membranes; also to some extent as a stimulating expectorant. Probably of little value.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.). The oleoresin is preferred.

_Fluidextractum Cubebae (Fldext. Cubeb.), Fluidextract of Cubeb, N.F._--Cubeb (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc or 15 minims (N.F.).

_Oleoresina Cubebae (Oleores. Cubeb.), Oleoresin of Cubeb, U.S.P._

DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.).

_Tinctura Cubebae (Tr. Cubeb.), Tincture of Cubeb, N.F._--Cubeb (20%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 90 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Trochisci Cubebae (Troch. Cubeb.), Troches of Cubeb, U.S.P._--Each troche contains oleoresin of cubeb (0.02 Gm.) with oil of sassafras, extract of glycyrrhiza and acacia, flavored with syrup of tolu.

=*Cupri Sulphas (Cupr. Sulph.), Copper Sulphate, U.S.P.= (Cupric Sulphate).--CuSO{4} + 5H{2}O.

Blue, odorless crystals or powder with a metallic taste. Freely soluble in water (1:2.5), and slightly soluble in alcohol (1:500).

ACTION AND USES: Astringent and in strong solutions corrosive. In large doses a gastric and intestinal irritant producing violent vomiting and purging. Considered one of the best antidotes in phosphorus poisoning.

DOSAGE: Emetic, 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).

_Mistura Adstringens (Mist. Adstring.), Astringent Mixture, N.F._ (Mistura Adstringens et Escharotica, N.F. III, Villate's Mixture).--A needlessly complex mixture containing the acetates and sulphates of copper and zinc in dilute acetic acid solution with lead sulphate in suspension.

=Cypripedium (Cypriped.), Cypripedium, N.F.= (Lady Slipper Root).--Rhizome and roots.

ACTION AND USES: No definite indications for its use. Has been described as "tonic, stimulant and diaphoretic."

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).

_Fluidextractum Cypripedii (Fldext. Cypriped.), Fluidextract of Cypripedium, N.F._--Cypripedium (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).

=Damiana (Damiana), Damiana, N.F.= (Turnera).--Leaves.

ACTION AND USES: Ingredient of "lost manhood" nostrums; mildly irritant, but otherwise probably inert.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Damianae (Fldext. Damian.), Fluidextract of Damiana, N.F._ (Fluidextractum Turnerae, N.F. III).--Damiana (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).

=DECOCTA, DECOCTIONS.=--Aqueous preparations made by boiling drugs in water and straining. They must be freshly made from the drugs.

=Delphinium (Delphin.), Larkspur Seed, N.F.=

ACTION AND USES: Preparations are used externally to destroy pediculi of the hair and of the pubic region.

_Tinctura Delphinii (Tr. Delphin.), Tincture of Larkspur, N.F._--Larkspur seed (10%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 90 per cent.

=Dextrinum Album (Dext. Alb.), White Dextrin, N.F.=--A variable mixture of soluble carbohydrates with unconverted starch.

White, odorless powder, with a sweetish taste. Partly soluble in cold water; completely soluble in three parts of water on boiling.

ACTION AND USES: Substitute for acacia and other gums.

_Pasta Dextrinata (Past. Dextrin.), Dextrinated Paste, N.F._--White dextrin (33%) in glycerin (33%) and water.

USES: Basis for dermatologic pastes

=Diacetylmorphina (Diacetylmorph.), Diacetylmorphine, U.S.P.= (Acetomorphine, Heroin).--An alkaloid prepared from morphine by acetylization.

White, odorless powder. Very slightly soluble in water (1:1700) and soluble in alcohol (1:31) and in chloroform (1:1.4).

ACTION AND USES: Used as a respiratory sedative to relieve cough. With few exceptions, generally contraindicated in pulmonary tuberculosis. Like morphine, but more toxic and less valuable for the relief of pain. Is habit-forming. See =Morphina=.

DOSAGE: 0.003 Gm. or 1/20 gr. (U.S.P.).

=Diacetylmorphinae Hydrochloridum (Diacetylmorph. Hydrochl.), Diacetylmorphine Hydrochloride, U.S.P.= (Diacetylmorphine Chloride; Heroin Hydrochloride).

White, odorless, bitter powder. Freely soluble (1:2) in water and soluble in alcohol (1:11).

DOSAGE: 0.003 Gm. or 1/20 grain (U.S.P.).

_Elixir Terpini Hydratis et Diacetylmorphinae (Elix. Terpin. Hyd. et Diacetylmorph.), Elixir of Terpin Hydrate and Diacetylmorphine, N.F._ (Elixir Terpini Hydratis cum Heroina N.F. III).--Diacetylmorphine hydrochloride (0.027%) and elixir of terpin hydrate. Absolute alcohol content about 42 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.). This dose contains about 0.001 Gm. or 1/60 grain of diacetylmorphine hydrochloride, and about 0.07 Gm. or 1-1/6 grains of terpin hydrate.

=Diastasum (Diastasum), Diastase, U.S.P.=--A mixture containing amylolytic enzymes from malt.

Yellowish-white, odorless, tasteless powder or scales. Soluble in water; almost insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: May be mixed with starchy foods to assist their conversion into sugar.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.).

=*Digitalis (Digit.), Digitalis, U.S.P.= (Foxglove, Digitalis Leaves, Digitalis Folium P.I.).

ACTION AND USES: Direct cardiac stimulant and diuretic. Used in cardiac decompensation. Most effective when the heart action is rapid and very irregular (auricular fibrillation). Effective in the treatment of edema only when the latter is due to impaired circulation. Very likely to cause disturbance of gastro-intestinal tract.

DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.). Physicians are advised to specify preparations which have been biologically assayed.

_Fluidextractum Digitalis (Fldext. Digital.), Fluidextract of Digitalis, U.S.P._--Digitalis (100%). May be biologically assayed by producing death in the frog. Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.05 Cc. or 1 minim (U.S.P.).--Physicians should specify the biologically assayed fluidextract.

_*Infusum Digitalis (Inf. Digit.), Infusion of Digitalis, U.S.P._--Digitalis (1.5%), cinnamon water and water. This is an effective form of digitalis, but has no advantage over tinctures of proper potency, and is not so conveniently standardized.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).

_Pilulae Digitalis, Scillae et Hydrargyri (Pil. Digit. Scill. et Hydrarg.), Pills of Digitalis, Squill and Mercury, N.F._ (Niemeyer Pills for Dropsy, Guy's Pills).--Each pill contains digitalis, squill and mass of mercury (each 0.065 gm. or 1 grain) with clarified honey.

USES: Popular but needlessly complex cardiac diuretic.

DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).

_*Tinctura Digitalis (Tr. Digit.), Tincture of Digitalis, U.S.P._ (Digitalis Tinctura P.I.).--Digitalis (10%) in alcohol and water. May be biologically assayed by producing death in frogs. Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (U.S.P.). Physicians should specify the biologically assayed tincture.

=Dioscorea (Dioscor.), Dioscorea, N.F.= (Wild Yam Root, Colic Root).--Rhizome.

ACTION AND USES: No established indications for its use; formerly used in the treatment of "abdominal irritation."

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Dioscoreae (Fldext. Dioscor.), Fluidextract of Dioscorea, N.F._--Dioscorea (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=Drosera (Droser.), Drosera, N.F.= (Sundew).--Flowering plant.

ACTION AND USES: No established indications for its use (formerly used in respiratory diseases).

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Droserae (Fldext. Droser.), Fluidextract of Drosera, N.F._--Drosera (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=Dulcamara (Dulcam.), Bittersweet, N.F.=--Stems and branches.

ACTION AND USES: No established indications for its use. Formerly used as "alterative."

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Dulcamarae (Fldext. Dulcam.), Fluidextract of Bittersweet, N.F._--Bittersweet (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. of fluidrachm (N.F.).

=Echinacea (Echin.), Echinacea, N.F.=--Rhizome and roots.

ACTION AND USES: The claims for this drug as an "alterative" and antisyphilitic are extravagant and unwarranted. There are no established indications for its use.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Echinaceae (Fldext. Echin.), Fluidextract of Echinacea, N.F._--Echinacea (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).

=*Elaterinum (Elaterin.), Elaterin, U.S.P.=--A neutral principle obtained from the squirting cucumber. The commercial product is variable and may at times be practically inert.

White, odorless powder, with a slightly acrid, bitter taste. Insoluble in water; slightly soluble in alcohol (1:325).

ACTION AND USES: One of the most powerful and irritant of hydragogue cathartics, causing profuse watery evacuations.

DOSAGE: 0.003 Gm. or 1/20 grain.

_Trituratio Elaterini (Trit. Elaterin.), Trituration of Elaterin, U.S.P._--Elaterin (10%).

DOSAGE: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain (U.S.P.).

=ELIXIRIA, ELIXIRS.=--Elixirs are sweetened, aromatic, alcoholic liquids similar to cordials. In the administration of an elixir, the effects due to its alcohol content should be borne in mind. The statements of alcohol content of elixirs in this volume refer to percentage of absolute alcohol by volume.

For the various elixirs, see under the names of the principal constituents. For Elixir Aromaticum, Elixir Aromaticum Rubrum and Elixir Glycyrrhizae (Elixir Adjuvans), see under =Alcohol=; for Elixir Catharticum Compositum, see under =Frangula=; for Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum and Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum et Hypophosphitum, see under =Quininae Sulphas=; for Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum et Ferri, see under =Ferri Phosphas=; for Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri, Bismuthi et Strychninae and Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri et Strychninae, see under =Strychninae Sulphas=; for Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri et Bismuthi, see under =Bismuthi et Sodii Tartras=; for Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri et Calcii Lactophosphatis, see under =Calcii Lactophosphas=; for Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri et Pepsini, see under =Pepsinum=; for Elixir Ferri, Quininae et Strychninae, and Elixir Gentianae et Ferri, see under =Ferri Citro-Chloridum=; for Elixir Formatum and Elixir Formatum Compositum, see under =Acidum Formicum=; for Elixir Gentianae et Ferri Phosphatis, see under =Ferri Phosphas=; for Elixir Glycerophosphatum Compositum, see under =Sodii Glycerophosphas=; for Elixir Hypophosphitum, see under =Calcii Hypophosphis=; for Elixir Hypophosphitum et Ferri, see under =Ferri Hypophosphis=; for Elixir Pepsini, Bismuthi et Strychninae, see under =Strychnina=; for Elixir Terpini Hydratis et Codeinae, see under =Codeina=; for Elixir Terpini Hydratis et Diacetylmorphinae, see under =Diacetylmorphinae Hydrochloridum=; for Elixir Trium Bromidorum, see under =Ammonii Bromidum=.

=*Emetinae Hydrochloridum (Emet. Hydrochl.), Emetine Hydrochloride, U.S.P.=--The hydrochloride of the alkaloid emetine, obtained from ipecac.

White, or nearly white, odorless powder, darkening on exposure to light. Freely soluble in water or alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Given hypodermically. An effective treatment of amebic dysentery and other amebic diseases.

DOSAGE: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain.

=EMPLASTRA, PLASTERS.=--Plasters are solid preparations for external use, serving either as simple adhesives or for the conveyance of drugs. The commercial spread plasters have largely displaced the extemporaneously prepared product. For the various plasters see under the names of the principal constituents. For Emplastrum Elasticum, see under =Resina=; for Emplastrum Fuscum Camphoratum, see under =Camphora=; for Emplastrum Plumbi, see under =Plumbi Oxidum=.

=EMULSA, EMULSIONES, EMULSIONS.=--Emulsions are aqueous preparations in which oils or resins are suspended by means of mucilaginous substances.

For the official emulsions see under the names of the respective oils and resins.

=*Ergota (Ergot.), Ergot, U.S.P.= (Secale Cornutum, P.I., Ergot of Rye, Spurred Rye).--

ACTION AND USES: Causes powerful tonic, sometimes tetanic contraction of the uterus and of the bloodvessel walls. Checks postpartum hemorrhage by contracting the uterus. Used for excessive menstrual flow and as a circulatory stimulant. Has also been tried but without success in a great variety of other diseases.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).

_Extractum Ergotae (Ext. Ergot.), Extract of Ergot, U.S.P._--A pilular extract of ergot. Probably does not contain some of the valuable constituents of ergot (the alkaloids).

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).