Part 5

=*Calcii Chloridum (Calc. Chlor.), Calcium Chloride, U.S.P.=--Hydrated calcium chloride (not less than 75 per cent. of CaCl{2}).

White, hard, deliquescent, odorless masses or granules, with a sharp, saline taste. Very soluble in water (1:0.62), and freely soluble in alcohol (1:10).

ACTION AND USES: Used for the oral administration of calcium. Employed in hemorrhagic conditions, in which it is probably useless. Has also been advised in inflammatory conditions of the skin and mucous membranes (urticaria, serum-rashes, hay-fever, etc.).

DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.), in solution.

=Calcii Glycerophosphas (Calc. Glycerophos.), Calcium Glycerophosphate, U.S.P.= (Calcium Glycerinophosphate).--CaC{3}H{7}O{6}P.

White, odorless, almost tasteless powder. Soluble in water (1:50) and insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Formerly believed to be a tonic, and used especially in neurasthenia, to improve the nutrition of the nervous system. There is no reliable evidence that it has any value.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.), in solution.

_Elixir Calcii et Sodii Glycerophosphatum (Elix. Calc. et Sod. Glycerophos.), Elixir of Calcium and Sodium Glycerophosphates, N.F._ (Elixir Glycerophosphatum N.F. III).--Solution of sodium glycerophosphate (2.5%), calcium glycerophosphate (0.875%), phosphoric acid (0.8%), in glycerin, aromatic elixir and distilled water. Absolute alcohol content about 7 per cent.

USES: An irrational and inefficient "tonic" mixture.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=Calcii Hypophosphis (Calc. Hypophos.), Calcium Hypophosphite, U.S.P.=--Ca(PH{2}O{2}){2}.

Colorless crystals or white powder, odorless and having a nauseous, bitter taste. Freely soluble in water (1:6.5) and insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: The hypophosphites were introduced as of special value in tuberculosis; later they were used as general reconstructive tonics, but there is no experimental or reliable clinical evidence that the hypophosphite radical has any value as such. Calcium hypophosphite must be regarded merely as a means of administering calcium.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.) in syrups.

_Elixir Calcii Hypophosphitis (Elix. Calc. Hypophos.), Elixir of Calcium Hypophosphite, N.F._--Calcium hypophosphite (3.5%) in aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Elixir Hypophosphitum (Elix. Hypophos.), Elixir of Hypophosphites, N.F._--Calcium hypophosphite (5.25%), sodium hypophosphite and potassium hypophosphite (each 1.75%) in water, glycerin, compound spirit of cardamom and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 12 per cent.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Elixir Hypophosphitum et Ferri._--See under =Ferri Hypophosphis=.

_Liquor Hypophosphitum (Liq. Hypophos.), Solution of Hypophosphites, N.F._--Calcium hypophosphite (3.5%), sodium hypophosphite (2%) and potassium hypophosphite (1.75%) in water.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Liquor Hypophosphitum Compositus (Liq. Hypophos. Co.), Compound Solution of Hypophosphites, N.F._--Calcium hypophosphite and potassium hypophosphite (each 0.85%), sodium hypophosphite (0.22%), ferric hypophosphite (0.44%) and manganese hypophosphite (0.22%), quinine hypophosphite (0.22%), strychnine hypophosphite (0.007%) and potassium citrate in orange flower water, glycerin and water.

USES: Complex and irrational mixture.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Syrupus Calcii et Sodii Hypophosphitum (Syr. Calc. et Sod. Hypophos.), Syrup of Calcium and Sodium Hypophosphites, N.F._--Calcium hypophosphite and sodium hypophosphite (each 3.5%), in sugar and water.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm. (N.F.).

_Syrupus Calcii Hypophosphitis (Syr. Calc. Hypophos.), Syrup of Calcium Hypophosphite, N.F._--Calcium hypophosphite (3.5%) in sugar and water.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Syrupus Hypophosphitum (Syr. Hypophos.), Syrup of Hypophosphites, U.S.P._--Calcium hypophosphite (4.5%), potassium hypophosphite and sodium hypophosphite (each 1.5%) in glycerin and syrup.

DOSAGE: 10 Cc. or 2-1/2 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).

_Syrupus Hypophosphitum Compositus (Syr. Hypophos. Co.), Compound Syrup of Hypophosphites, N.F._--Calcium hypophosphite (3.5%), potassium hypophosphite and sodium hypophosphite (each 1.75%), ferric hypophosphite and manganese hypophosphite (each 0.225%), quinine (0.11%), strychnine hypophosphite (0.0123%) and sodium citrate (0.375%) in glycerin and syrup.

USES: Antiquated, complex and irrational "tonic."

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

=Calcii Iodidum, Calcium Iodide.=

_Syrupus Calcii Iodidi (Syr. Calc. Iodid.), Syrup of Calcium Iodide, N.F._--Represents calcium iodide (8.75%) in syrup.

USES: Superfluous, whether regarded as a calcium preparation or as an iodide preparation.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims

=*Calcii Lactas (Calc. Lact.), Calcium Lactate, U.S.P.=--Ca(C{3}H{5}O{3}){2} + 5H{2}O.

White, odorless, practically tasteless masses or powder. Soluble in water (1:20) and almost insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Used for the characteristic action of calcium; less irritating and therefore better adapted to hypodermic administration than calcium chloride (which see).

DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.), in solution

=Calcii Lactophosphas (Calc. Lactophos.), Calcium Lactophosphate, N.F.=--A mixture of calcium lactate and calcium acid lactate with calcium acid phosphate.

White, odorless powder. Soluble in water; almost insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Similar to but without advantage over the lactate. Not adapted to hypodermic use.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (N.F.).

_Elixir Calcii Lactophosphatis (Elix. Calc. Lactophos.), Elixir of Calcium Lactophosphate, N.F._--Calcium lactophosphate (3%) in compound spirit of orange, syrup, alcohol and distilled water. Absolute alcohol content about 19 per cent. Small and probably inefficient quantities of calcium.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri et Calcii Lactophosphatis (Elix. Cinchon., Ferr. et Calc. Lactophos.), Elixir of Cinchona Alkaloids, Iron and Calcium Lactophosphate, N.F._--(Elixir Cinchonae, Ferri et Calcii Lactophosphatis, N.F. III, Elixir of Calisaya, Iron and Lactophosphate of Lime).--Syrup of calcium lactophosphate (50%), potassium citrate (3%) and elixir of cinchona alkaloids and iron. Absolute alcohol content about 12 per cent.

USES: An irrational mixture, supposed to present seven active ingredients.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Syrupus Calcii Lactophosphatis (Syr. Calc. Lactophos.), Syrup of Calcium Lactophosphate, U.S.P._--Made by dissolving precipitated calcium carbonate (2.5%) in lactic acid (6%), phosphoric acid (3.6%) and a syrup containing orange flower water.

DOSAGE: 10 Cc. or 2-1/2 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).

_Syrupus Calcii Lactophosphatis et Ferri (Syr. Calc. Lactophos. et Ferr.), Syrup of Calcium Lactophosphate and Iron, N.F._--Ferrous lactate and potassium citrate (each 0.85%) and syrup of calcium lactophosphate (about 99%).

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=Calcii Phosphas Praecipitatus (Calc. Phos. Praec.), Precipitated Calcium Phosphate, N.F.=--Ca{3}(PO{4}){2}.

A bulky, white, odorless, tasteless powder. Practically insoluble in water and insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Precipitated calcium phosphate has been given in the form of powders or mixtures for its action as a calcium salt, which is similar to but without advantage over the action of the carbonate. Because of its insolubility it is now seldom used.

USES: Similar to but without advantage over the carbonate.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).

_Syrupus Calcii Hydrochlorophosphatis (Syr. Calc. Hydrochlorophos.), Syrup of Calcium Hydrochlorophosphate, N.F._ (Syrupus Calcii Chlorhydrophosphatis, N.F. III).--Precipitated calcium phosphate (1.75%) flavored with tincture of lemon peel and dissolved in hydrochloric acid, water and syrup.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=Calcii Sulphidum Crudum (Calc. Sulphid. Crud.), Crude Calcium Sulphide, U.S.P.= (Calx Sulphurata, U.S.P. VIII, Sulphurated Lime).--CaS (not less than 55%).

A pale gray or yellowish powder, with a faint hydrogen sulphide odor and a nauseous, alkaline taste. Very slightly soluble in cold water, insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Externally, depilatory similar to barium sulphide. Internally has been used to arrest and prevent suppuration especially in boils, carbuncles and pustular acne. There is no reliable evidence of its therapeutic usefulness.

DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.), in solution.

_Liquor Calcis Sulphuratae (Liq. Calc. Sulphurat.), Solution of Sulphurated Lime, N.F._ (Solution of Oxysulphuret of Calcium, Fleming's Solution, Vleminckx' Solution, Vleminckx' Lotion).--A solution of calcium polysulphides and calcium thiosulphate produced by boiling together lime, sulphur and water.

USES: Depilatory.

=Calendula (Calend.), Calendula, N.F.= (Marigold, Calendula Flowers).

ACTION AND USES: Locally, mild irritant, without material advantage over diluted alcohol. Internally, no definite indications for its use.

_Fluidextractum Calendulae (Fldext. Calend.), Fluidextract of Calendula, N.F._--Calendula (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.

_Tinctura Calendulae (Tr. Calend.), Tincture of Calendula, N.F._--Calendula (20%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 90 per cent.

=Calumba (Calumb.), Calumba, U.S.P.= (Columba, Columbo, Colombo).--A root.

ACTION AND USES: Used as a simple bitter and stomachic. It appears to have no advantage over other bitters, for instance, gentian.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.); usually given in the form of the tincture.

_Fluidextractum Calumbae (Fldext. Calumb.), Fluidextract of Calumba, N.F._--Calumba (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 65 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).

_Tinctura Calumbae (Tr. Calumb.), Tincture of Calumba, U.S.P._--Calumba (20%) in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.)

=*Calx (Calx), Calcium Oxide, U.S.P.= (Lime, Quicklime).--CaO.

Hard, white, odorless masses with a caustic taste, forming with water calcium hydroxide, which is slightly soluble in water (1:84), insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: As liquor calcis (an aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide), used as an antacid and mild alkali. As milk of lime (a mixture of calcium hydroxide and water), frequently used as a disinfectant.

_*Linimentum Calcis (Lin. Calc.), Lime Liniment, U.S.P._ (Carron Oil).--Lime water (50%) and linseed oil.

USES: Topical application, used especially for burns.

_*Liquor Calcis (Liq. Calc.), Solution of Calcium Hydroxide, U.S.P._ (Lime Water).--Ca(OH){2} (not less than 0.14%).

DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms.

=*Calx Chlorinata (Calx Chlorin.), Chlorinated Lime, U.S.P.= ("Chloride of Lime").--A compound of calcium chloride and hypochlorite containing not less than 30 per cent. of available chlorine.

A white or grayish-white powder having a chlorine-like odor and a repulsive saline taste. Partially soluble in water or alcohol. Decomposed by acids with liberation of chlorine.

ACTION AND USES: Disinfectant, especially for excreta. Should be used liberally and left in contact for at least one hour. Widely used for treating contaminated drinking water.

=Cambogia (Cambog.), Gamboge, U.S.P.= (Pipe Gamboge).--A gum resin.

Odorless, grayish-orange-brown pieces or bright yellow powder, with a very acrid taste. Not less than 65 per cent. soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: A powerful irritant hydragogue cathartic; not often employed alone. Usually administered in combination with other drugs.

DOSAGE: 0.125 Gm. or 2 grains (U.S.P.), in pills.

=*Camphora (Camph.), Camphor, U.S.P.=--A volatile solid obtained from the camphor tree.

Tough, white, translucent masses with a pungent odor and taste. Slightly soluble in water and freely soluble in alcohol, chloroform, ether and fixed or volatile oils.

ACTION AND USES: Used hypodermically to stimulate the circulation and respiration in collapse. Opinions are divided as to its efficiency. Locally, applied as a mild irritant and antiseptic.

DOSAGE: By mouth 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (U.S.P.). Hypodermic, 0.1 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains (U.S.P.), as 10 per cent. solution in oil.

_*Aqua Camphorae (Aq. Camph.), Camphor Water, U.S.P._--A saturated solution of camphor in water.

DOSAGE: 10 Cc. or 2-1/2 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).

_Ceratum Camphorae (Cerat. Camph.), Camphor Cerate, N.F._--Camphor (2%), with cottonseed oil, white wax, white petrolatum and benzoinated lard.

_Emplastrum Fuscum Camphoratum (Emp. Fusc. Camph.), Camphorated Brown Plaster, N.F._ (Camphorated Motherplaster).--Camphor (1%), red oxide of lead, olive oil and yellow wax.

_*Linimentum Camphorae (Lin. Camph.), Camphor Liniment, U.S.P._ (Camphorated Oil).--Camphor (20%) in cottonseed oil.

USES: Mild counterirritant. Note: This preparation, as found in drug stores, should never be used hypodermically.

_Mistura Camphora Acida._--See under =Opium=.

_Mistura Camphorae Aromatica._--See under =Oleum Lavandulae=.

_*Spiritus Camphorae (Sp. Camph.), Spirit of Camphor, U.S.P._--Camphor (10%), in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 90 per cent.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).

_Unguentum Camphorae (Ung. Camph.), Camphor Ointment, N.F._--Camphor (22%) in white wax and lard.

_Unguentum Fuscum (Ung. Fusc.), Brown Ointment, N.F._ (Unguentum Matris, Mother's Salve).--Camphorated brown plaster (50%) olive oil and prepared suet.

=Camphora Monobromata (Camph. Monobrom.), Monobromated Camphor, U.S.P.=

Colorless crystals or white powder, with a mild camphoraceous odor and taste. Freely soluble in alcohol (1:6.5); almost insoluble in water.

ACTION AND USES: Formerly recommended as a sedative and hypnotic but now seldom used. Value doubtful.

DOSAGE: 0.125 Gm. or 2 grains (U.S.P.).

=Canella (Canell.), Canella, N.F.=--A bark.

ACTION AND USES: Obsolete aromatic bitter, without advantage over gentian.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.)

=Cannabis (Cannab.), Cannabis, U.S.P.= (Cannabis Indica, U.S.P. VIII).--Flowering tops of _Cannabis sativa_ (or var. _indica_).

ACTION AND USES: A narcotic poison, producing a mild delirium. Used in sedative mixtures, but of doubtful value. Also employed to color corn remedies.

_Extractum Cannabis (Ext. Cannab.), Extract of Cannabis, U.S.P._--Assayed biologically by producing incoordination in dogs.

DOSAGE: 0.01 Gm. or 1/6 grain (U.S.P.). Physicians who prescribe extract of cannabis should specify the biologically assayed preparation.

_Fluidextractum Cannabis (Fldext. Cannab.), Fluidextract of Cannabis, U.S.P._--Cannabis (100%). Assayed biologically by producing incoordination in dogs. Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.1 Cc. or 1-1/2 minims (U.S.P.). Physicians who prescribe fluidextract of cannabis should specify the biologically assayed preparation.

_Tinctura Cannabis (Tr. Cannab.), Tincture of Cannabis, U.S.P._ (Tinctura Cannabis Indicae, U.S.P. VIII).--Cannabis (10%) in alcohol. Assayed biologically by producing incoordination in dogs. Absolute alcohol content about 90 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.75 Cc. or 12 minims (U.S.P.). Those physicians who prescribe tincture of cannabis should specify the biologically assayed preparation.

=*Cantharis (Canthar.), Cantharides, U.S.P.= (Spanish Flies, Russian Flies).--A beetle.

ACTION AND USES: Externally, rubefacient and vesicant. Internally, genito-urinary irritant, often producing serious nephritis. Its internal use is probably never justified.

_*Ceratum Cantharidis (Cerat. Canthar.), Cantharides Cerate, U.S.P._ (Blistering Cerate).--Cantharides (35%) with turpentine, glacial acetic acid, yellow wax, rosin and benzoinated lard.

_Collodium Cantharidatum (Collod. Canth.), Cantharidal Collodion, U.S.P._ (Blistering Collodion, Vesicating Collodion).--The glacial acetic acid acetone extract from cantharides (60%) in flexible collodion.

_Emplastrum Cantharidis (Emp. Canthar.), Cantharides Plaster, U.S.P._--Cantharides cerate spread on rosin plaster. Each square centimeter of spread plaster contains 0.1 Gm. of cantharides cerate.

USES: Convenient form for applying cantharides as a vesicant. Requires from six to eight hours to produce a blister. May produce poisoning by absorption through the skin.

_*Tinctura Cantharidis (Tr. Canthar.), Tincture of Cantharides, U.S.P._ (Cantharidis Tinctura P.I.).--Cantharides (10%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 90 per cent.

=*Capsicum (Capsic.), Capsicum, U.S.P.= (Cayenne Pepper, African Chillies).--Fruit.

ACTION AND USES: Carminative and rubefacient; also stomachic, especially in alcoholic gastritis (as the tincture).

_Emplastrum Capsici (Emp. Capsic.), Capsicum Plaster, U.S.P._--Oleoresin of capsicum spread on rubber plaster. Each 15 square cm. of spread plaster contains 0.25 Gm. of oleoresin of capsicum.

_Oleoresina Capsici (Oleores. Capsic.), Oleoresin of Capsicum, U.S.P._--Highly irritant.

DOSAGE: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain (U.S.P.).

_*Tinctura Capsici (Tr. Capsic.), Tincture of Capsicum, U.S.P._--Capsicum (10%) in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 88 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (U.S.P.).

_Tinctura Capsici et Myrrhae (Tr. Capsic. et Myrrh.), Tincture of Capsicum and Myrrh, N.F._ (Hot Drops, Thomsonian Number Six.)--Capsicum (3%) and myrrh (12%) in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 85 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).

=Caramel (Caram.), Caramel, N.F.= (Saccharum Ustum, Burnt Sugar Coloring).

A dark brown, syrupy, somewhat bitter liquid. Soluble in water and in diluted alcohol; insoluble in 80 per cent. alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Used in pharmacy as a brown coloring agent.

_Tinctura Caramellis, Tincture of Caramel, N.F._--Caramel in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.

=*Carbo Ligni (Carbo Lig.), Wood Charcoal, U.S.P.= (Charcoal).--Powdered wood charcoal.

ACTION AND USES: Absorbent of gases and dissolved substances. Used internally against digestive disorders and vegetable poisons but of doubtful value. Locally employed as a deodorant, for fetid ulcers, usually in the form of a poultice.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains, in powder or suspension.

_Trochisci Carbonis Ligni (Troch. Carb. Lig.), Troches of Charcoal, N.F._--Charcoal with tragacanth, sugar and vanillin.

DOSAGE: 1 troche (N.F.)

=*Cardamomi Semen (Cardam. Sem.), Cardamom Seed, U.S.P.= (Cardamomum, U.S.P. VIII).

ACTION AND USES: Used as flavor and carminative. Frequently added to purgatives, as in the compound extract of colocynth, with the object of diminishing griping.

_*Tinctura Cardamomi (Tr. Cardam.), Tincture of Cardamom, U.S.P._--Cardamom seed (15%) in diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 46 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).

_Tinctura Cardamomi Composita (Tr. Cardamom. Co.), Compound Tincture of Cardamom, U.S.P._--Cardamom seed, Saigon cinnamon, caraway and cochineal in alcohol, glycerin and water. Absolute alcohol content about 46 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).

=Carminum (Carmin.), Carmine, N.F.=--From cochineal.

ACTION AND USES: Used in pharmacy as a red coloring agent.

_Liquor Carmini (Liq. Carmin.), Solution of Carmine, N.F._--Carmine in ammonia water, glycerin and water.

=Caro, Beef.=

_Extractum Carnis (Ext. Carnis), Extract of Beef, N.F._ (Beef Extract).--Residue from evaporation of beef broth.

ACTION AND USES: Stimulant and flavor; not a nutrient tonic, as was believed at one time. The "wines" are without real value and can easily be misused as beverages.

_Vinum Carnis (Vin. Carn.), Wine of Beef, N.F._ (Beef and Wine).--Extract of beef (3%) in water, syrup, alcohol, compound spirit of orange and sherry wine. Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Vinum Carnis et Ferri (Vin. Carn. et Ferr.), Wine of Beef and Iron, N.F._ (Beef, Wine and Iron).--Extract of beef (3%), iron and ammonium citrate, water, syrup, alcohol, compound spirit of orange and sherry wine.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

=Carum (Carum), Caraway, U.S.P.= (Carawayseed).

ACTION AND USES: Aromatic carminative. Similar to anise and fennel.

=*Caryophyllus (Caryoph.), Clove, U.S.P.= (Cloves).

ACTION AND USES: Aromatic carminative and counterirritant.

_Pulvis Aromaticus Rubefaciens (Pulv. Arom. Rubefac.), Rubefacient Spice Powder, N.F._ (Replacing Emplastrum Aromaticum, N.F. III).--Clove, Saigon cinnamon, ginger and capsicum.

=*Cascara Sagrada (Case. Sagr.), Cascara Sagrada, U.S.P.= (Rhamnus Purshiana, U.S.P. VIII).--A bark.

ACTION AND USES: Laxative, acting mainly on the colon. Widely used for habitual constipation. Has little tendency to produce secondary constipation.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).

_Elixir Cascarae Sagradae (Elix. Cascar. Sagr.), Elixir of Cascara Sagrada, N.F._ (Elixir Rhamni Purshianae, N.F. III).--Aromatic fluidextract of cascara sagrada (50%) and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 22 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Elixir Cascarae Sagradae Compositum (Elix. Cascar. Sagr. Co.), Compound Elixir of Cascara Sagrada, N.F._ (Elixir Rhamni Purshianae Co., N.F. III, Laxative Elixir).--Aromatic fluidextract of cascara sagrada (12.5%), fluidextract of senna (7.5%), fluidextract of juglans (6.5%) and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 24 per cent.

USES: Needlessly complicated laxative.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_*Extractum Cascarae Sagradae (Ext. Cascar. Sagr.), Extract of Cascara Sagrada, U.S.P._ (Extractum Rhamni Purshianae, U.S.P. VIII, Powdered Extract of Cascara Sagrada).--One Gm. extract represents 3 Gm. cascara sagrada.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).

_*Fluidextractum Cascarae Sagradae (Fldext. Cascar. Sagr.), Fluidextract of Cascara Sagrada, U.S.P._ (Fluidextractum Rhamni Purshianae, U.S.P. VIII).--Cascara sagrada (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent. Bitter, unpleasant taste.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).

_*Fluidextractum Cascarae Sagradae Aromaticum (Fldext. Cascar. Sagr. Arom.), Aromatic Fluidextract of Cascara Sagrada, U.S.P._ (Fluidextractum Rhamni Purshianae Aromaticum, U.S.P. VIII).--Sweetened and flavored fluidextract. Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent. Not so bitter, but less effective than the plain fluidextract.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).

_Fluidglyceratum Cascarae Sagradae (Fldglycer. Cascar. Sagr.), Fluidglycerate of Cascara Sagrada, N.F._--Cascara sagrada (100%) in water and glycerin.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).

_Fluidglyceratum Cascarae Sagradae Aromaticum (Fldglycer. Cascar. Sagr. Arom.), Aromatic Fluidglycerate of Cascara Sagrada, N.F._--Cascara sagrada (75%) and fluidglycerate of glycyrrhiza (25%) with oils of fennel, clove and cinnamon, in water and glycerin.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).

=Cascarilla (Cascarill.), Cascarilla, N.F.= (Sweetwood Bark, Sweet Bark).

ACTION AND USES: Aromatic bitter, without advantage over gentian.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.)

=Cassia Fistula (Cass. Fist.), Cassia Fistula, N.F.= (Purging Cassia).--Dried fruit.

ACTION AND USES: Obsolete laxative, without advantage over senna.

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.)

=Castanea (Castan.), Castanea, N.F.= (Chestnut Leaves).

ACTION AND USES: Astringent; no definite indications for its use.

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Castaneae (Fldext. Castan.), Fluidextract of Chestnut Leaves, N.F._--Chestnut leaves (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 15 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)