Part 2

=*Acidum Phenylcinchoninicum (Acid. Phenylcinch.), Phenylcinchoninic Acid, U.S.P.= (Phenyl-Quinoline-Carboxylic Acid, Atophan).

A white or nearly white, odorless or nearly odorless powder with a bitter taste. Insoluble in cold water, slightly soluble in cold alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Increases the excretion of uric acid and diminishes its concentration in the blood. Analgesic. Has been used in acute and chronic gout.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.), in tablets or powder.

=Acidum Phosphoricum (Acid. Phos.), Phosphoric Acid, U.S.P.=--H{3}PO{4} (about 86.5%).

A colorless, odorless, syrupy liquid having a strongly acid taste. Miscible with water. Incompatible with alkalies, alkali carbonates, ferric chloride, lead acetate and solutions of lime.

ACTION AND USES: Similar to those of hydrochloric acid. Has none of the therapeutic properties of free phosphorus.

_Acidum Phosphoricum Dilutum (Acid. Phos. Dil.), Diluted Phosphoric Acid, U.S.P._--H{3}PO{4} (about 10%).

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.), diluted.

_Liquor Phosphatum Acidus (Liq. Phos. Acid.), Acid Solution of Phosphates, N.F._ (Solution of Acid Phosphates).--Made by dissolving precipitated calcium carbonate (5%) in phosphoric acid and water.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Liquor Phosphatum Compositus (Liq. Phos. Co.), Compound Solution of Phosphates, N.F._--Phosphates of calcium, iron, ammonium, potassium and sodium in citric acid, glycerin, orange flower water and water.

_Syrupus Phosphatum Compositum (Syr. Phos. Co.), Compound Syrup of the Phosphates, N.F._ (Chemical Food).--Compound solution of phosphates (50%), colored with tincture of cudbear, in glycerin and syrup.

USES: Antiquated and irrational "tonic."

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Syrupus Phosphatum cum Quinina et Strychnina._--See under =Quininae Hydrochloridum=.

=Acidum Picricum, Picric Acid.=--See =Trinitrophenol=.

=*Acidum Salicylicum (Acid. Salicyl.), Salicylic Acid, U.S.P.=--C{6}H{4}(OH)COOH.

A white, odorless powder, tasting first sweetish, subsequently acrid. Slightly soluble in water (1:460), freely soluble in alcohol (1:2.7) and in ether. Incompatible with solutions of iron and with spirit of nitrous ether.

ACTION AND USES: Antirheumatic, antiseptic, germicide and keratolytic.

DOSAGE: Internally 0.75 Gm. or 12 grains (U.S.P.) best given in the form of soluble salicylates (see =Sodii Salicylas=). Externally in 10 per cent. ointment as a keratolytic.

_Collodium Salicylici Compositum (Collod. Salicyl. Co.), Compound Salicylic Collodion, N.F._--Salicylic acid (1.1%) and flexible collodion colored with fluidextract of cannabis.

USES: A popular application for softening corns. The cannabis can play no rôle beyond that of coloring agent.

_Glycerogelatinum Acidi Salicylici (Glycerogel. Acid. Salicyl.), Salicylic Acid Glycerogelatin, N.F._--Salicylic acid (10%), in water, glycerin and glycerinated gelatin.

_Mulla Acidi Salicylici (Mull. Ac. Salicyl.), Salicylic Acid Mull, N.F._ (Unguentum Salicylatum Extensum, N.F. III).--Salicylic acid (10%), in benzoinated suet and benzoinated lard.

_Mulla Creosoti Salicylata (Mull. Creosot. Salicyl.), Salicylated Creosote Mull, N.F._ (Unguentum Creosoti Salicylatum Extensum, N.F. III).--Salicylic acid (10%), and creosote (20%) in yellow wax and benzoinated suet.

_Pulvis Talci Compositus (Pulv. Talc. Co.), Compound Powder of Talc, N.F._ (Boro-Salicylated Powder of Talc).--Salicylic acid (3%), boric acid (10%) and talc.

USES: Toilet powder, used for local sweating.

_Stili Acidi Salicylici Dilubiles (Stil. Acid. Salicyl. Dilub.), Salicylic Acid Pencil, N.F._--Salicylic acid (10%) with tragacanth, starch, white dextrin and sugar.

USES: For the application of salicylic acid to limited areas

=Acidum Stearicum (Acid. Stear.), Stearic Acid, U.S.P.=--Obtained from fats.

A white, hard, unctuous, odorless and tasteless substance. Soluble in alcohol (1:21) and in chloroform (1:2), but insoluble in water.

USES: Used in making glycerin suppositories.

=Acidum Sulphuricum (Acid. Sulph.), Sulphuric Acid, U.S.P.=--H{2}SO{4} (about 94%).

A colorless, odorless, corrosive liquid. Miscible with water or alcohol with evolution of much heat.

ACTION AND USES: Similar to those of hydrochloric acid. Externally, the dilute acid is used as astringent.

_Acidum Sulphuricum Aromaticum (Acid. Sulph. Arom.), Aromatic Sulphuric Acid, U.S.P._--A mixture, containing free sulphuric acid and ethylsulphuric acid equivalent to about 20 per cent. of H{2}SO{4} in alcohol, flavored with ginger and cinnamon. Absolute alcohol content about 85 per cent.

A clear, reddish-brown liquid with an aromatic odor.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims, well diluted.

_Acidum Sulphuricum Dilutum (Acid. Sulph. Dil.), Diluted Sulphuric Acid, U.S.P._--H{2}SO{4} (about 10%).

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.), well diluted.

=*Acidum Tannicum (Acid. Tann.), Tannic Acid, U.S.P.= (Gallotannic Acid, Tannin).--Usually obtained from nutgalls.

A yellowish-white to light brown powder, odorless or having a faint, characteristic odor and a strongly astringent taste. Freely soluble in glycerin (1:1) and very soluble in water and in alcohol. Incompatible with soluble preparations of iron.

ACTION AND USES: Astringent; local hemostatic; antidote for certain alkaloidal and metallic poisons.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.).

_Collodium Stypticum (Collod. Stypt.), Styptic Collodion, N.F._--Tannic acid (20%) and flexible collodion. There is no advantage in applying tannin as collodion.

_*Glyceritum Acidi Tannici (Glycer. Acid. Tann.), Glycerite of Tannic Acid, U.S.P._ (Glycerite of Tannin).--Tannic acid (20%) in glycerin.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).

_Trochisci Acidi Tannici (Troch. Acid. Tann.), Troches of Tannic Acid, U.S.P._--Each troche contains tannic acid (0.06 Gm. or 1 grain), with sugar and tragacanth, flavored with orange flower.

_Unguentum Acidi Tannici (Ung. Acid. Tann.), Ointment of Tannic Acid, U.S.P._--Tannic acid (20%), in glycerin and ointment.

=Acidum Tartaricum (Acid. Tart.), Tartaric Acid, U.S.P.=--Obtained from wine lees or argol.

A white, odorless powder, with an acid taste. Very soluble in water (1:0.75) and in alcohol (1:3.3).

ACTION AND USES: Mild acid; used in the manufacture of effervescent salts.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains, diluted.

=Acidum Trichloraceticum (Acid. Trichloracet.), Trichloracetic Acid, U.S.P.=--CCl{3}.COOH.

Colorless, deliquescent crystals with a slight characteristic odor. Miscible with water and with alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Caustic, for the removal of warts and other skin blemishes. Used also as local hemostatic.

=Aconitina (Aconitin.), Aconitine, U.S.P.=--An alkaloid obtained from aconite.

A white, odorless powder. Very slightly soluble in water, soluble in alcohol (1:28) and in ether (1:65).

ACTION AND USES: Similar to those described under aconite. As several alkaloidal preparations of aconite, of varying activity, are sold under the name of aconitine, its use is not advisable.

DOSAGE: 0.15 mg. or 1/400 grain (U.S.P.).

_Oleatum Aconitinae (Oleat. Aconitin.), Oleate of Aconitine, N.F._--Aconitine (2%) in oleic acid and olive oil.

USES: Without advantage over aconite preparations for external application.

=*Aconitum (Aconit.), Aconite, U.S.P.= (Monkshood, Aconite Root, Aconiti Tuber, P.I.).--A tuberous root, yielding about 0.5 per cent. of ether-soluble alkaloids; also assayed biologically. Physicians should specify preparations that have been assayed biologically, since the alkaloidal assay is not a reliable index of activity.

ACTION AND USES: Slows the pulse and lowers the blood pressure, but this action in therapeutic doses is uncertain. Used in the treatment of febrile colds; also for counter-irritation, in the form of the tincture. Used also as a local anesthetic, and by some still believed to be useful in the treatment of the symptoms arising from excessive cardiac hypertrophy. Toxic symptoms may occur from local absorption.

DOSAGE: 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain (U.S.P.); not used as such.

_Extractum Aconiti (Ext. Aconit.), Extract of Aconite, U.S.P._ (Powdered Extract of Aconite).--Yields about 2 per cent. of ether-soluble alkaloids. Biologically assayed by producing death in the guinea-pig.

DOSAGE: 0.01 Gm. or 1/6 grain (U.S.P.). Physicians who prescribe extract of aconite should specify the biologically assayed product.

_Fluidextractum Aconiti (Fldext. Aconit.), Fluidextract of Aconite, U.S.P._--Aconite (100%), yielding about 0.5 per cent. of alkaloids. Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent. Biologically assayed by producing death in the guinea-pig.

DOSAGE: 0.03 Cc. or 1/2 minim (U.S.P.). Physicians who prescribe fluidextract of aconite should specify the biologically assayed product. Best to use the tincture.

_Linimentum Aconiti et Chloroformi (Lin. Aconit. et Chlorof.), Liniment of Aconite and Chloroform, N.F._--Fluidextract of aconite (4.5%), in alcohol, chloroform and soap liniment.

*_Tinctura Aconiti (Tr. Aconit.), Tincture of Aconite, U.S.P._ (Aconiti Tinctura, P.I.).--Aconite (10%) yielding about 0.05 per cent. of alkaloids, in alcohol and water. Alkaloidal assay unreliable. Biologically assayed by producing death in the guinea-pig. Absolute alcohol content about 65 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.3 Cc. or 5 minims (U.S.P.). Physicians should specify the biologically assayed product.

=*Adeps (Adeps), Lard, U.S.P.=

Insoluble in water, and only slightly soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Basis for ointments. Used particularly when absorption is desired.

_*Adeps Benzoinatus (Adeps Benz.), Benzoinated Lard, U.S.P._--Somewhat antiseptic and less liable to rancidity than ordinary lard.

_Unguentum (Ung.), Ointment, U.S.P._ (Simple Ointment).--White wax (20%) and benzoinated lard.

=Adeps Lanae (Adeps Lan.), Wool Fat, U.S.P.= (Anhydrous Lanolin).--Purified wool fat, freed from water.

Insoluble in but miscible with about twice its weight of water; sparingly soluble in cold alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Basis for ointments; because of its tenacious consistency, should be mixed with some other base.

_*Adeps Lanae Hydrosus (Adeps Lan. Hyd.), Hydrous Wool Fat, U.S.P._ (Lanolin).--Wool fat with about 27 per cent. of water.

USES: Ointment used particularly when absorption through the skin is desired; mixed with white petrolatum or lard.

=Adonis (Adonis), Adonis, N.F.= (Pheasant's Eye).--The plant deprived of its root.

ACTION AND USES: Cardiac tonic of digitalis group, but of unreliable activity.

DOSAGE: 0.125 Gm. or 2 grains (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Adonidis (Fldext. Adonid.), Fluidextract of Adonis, N.F._--Adonis (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.125 Cc. or 2 minims (N.F.).

=*Aether (Aether), Ether, U.S.P.=--Contains about 96.5 per cent. of ethyl oxide.

A clear, colorless, very inflammable liquid with a characteristic odor and a burning, sweetish taste. Soluble in water (1:12), and miscible with alcohol, chloroform, petroleum benzin, benzene, and fixed or volatile oils.

ACTION AND USES: General anesthetic, administered by inhalation; when administered by mouth, carminative.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims.

_*Spiritus Aetheris (Sp. Aeth.), Spirit of Ether, U.S.P._ (Hoffmann's Drops).--Ether (32.5%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 65 per cent.

USES: Carminative and fugacious indirect circulatory stimulant.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).

_Spiritus Aetheris Compositus (Sp. Aether. Co.), Compound Spirit of Ether, N.F._ (Hoffmann's Anodyne).--Ether (32.5%), ethereal oil (2.5%) and alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.

USES: A superfluous modification of spirit of ether.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)

=Aether Aceticus (Aeth. Acet.), Acetic Ether, N.F.= (Ethyl Acetate).

A colorless, fragrant liquid, with a burning taste.

ACTION AND USES: Carminative, similar to and without special advantage over ether. Also used pharmaceutically, as flavoring ingredient.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).

=*Aether Nitrosus, Nitrous Ether.=--Ethyl nitrite.

_*Spiritus Aetheris Nitrosi (Sp. Aeth. Nitros.), Spirit of Nitrous Ether, U.S.P._ (Sweet Spirit of Nitre).--Ethyl nitrite (about 4%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 92 per cent.

ACTION AND USES: Popularly used as a weak diuretic and diaphoretic. Unstable and therefore unreliable. Has the physiologic action of a weak nitrite.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).

=Aethylis Carbamas (Aethyl. Carbam.), Ethyl Carbamate, U.S.P.= (Carbamic Acid Ethyl Ester, Urethane, Ethyl Urethane).

Colorless, odorless crystals or scales, with a cooling, saline taste. Freely soluble in water (1:0.45) and in alcohol (1:0.8). Incompatible with alkalies, acids and most other chemicals.

ACTION AND USES: Very mild and relatively harmless hypnotic.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.) in powder, cachets or solution.

=*Aethylis Chloridum (Aethyl. Chlor.), Ethyl Chloride, U.S.P.=--Monochlorethane, CH{3}CH{2}Cl.

A colorless, very volatile liquid, with an agreeable odor and a sweetish, burning taste. The vapor is very inflammable. Slightly soluble in water and freely soluble in alcohol and in ether.

ACTION AND USES: Local anesthetic for minor operations. Used in the form of a spray to produce intense cold. Has also been used by inhalation as general anesthetic in short operations.

=*Aethylmorphinae Hydrochloridum (Aethylmorph. Hydrochl.), Ethylmorphine Hydrochloride, U.S.P.= (Ethylmorphine Chloride, Dionin).

A white, odorless powder, with a slightly bitter taste. Very soluble in water (1:8) and soluble in alcohol (1:22).

ACTION AND USES: Systemically, intermediate between those of morphine and codeine. Probably possesses no advantage over codeine. When applied to the eye it causes local hyperemia terminating in acute conjunctival edema.

DOSAGE: 0.015 Gm. or 1/4 grain (U.S.P.). Used as 10 per cent. ointment or solution in corneal opacity and similar conditions.

=Agar (Agar), Agar, U.S.P.= (Agar-Agar).--A mucilaginous substance extracted from certain seaweeds.

Nearly white, almost odorless and tasteless strips, shreds or powder, tough when damp, brittle when dry. Insoluble in cold water, but slowly soluble in hot water.

ACTION AND USES: Passes through the intestinal canal almost unchanged. Absorbs and retains moisture. Used in chronic constipation with intestinal atony; renders the feces soft and bulky and thus promotes peristalsis.

DOSAGE: 10 Gm. or 2-1/2 drachms (U.S.P.).

=Agaricus (Agaric), Agaric, N.F.= (White Agaric, Larch Agaric).--The fruit body of a fungus.

ACTION AND USES: Empirical and unreliable remedy for night sweats of phthisis.

DOSAGE: 0.6 Gm. or 10 grains (N.F.).

=*Alcohol (Alcohol), Alcohol, U.S.P.=--Not less than 92.3 per cent. by weight or 94.9 per cent. by volume of C{2}H{5}OH.

A colorless, volatile, inflammable liquid, with a characteristic odor and burning taste. Freely miscible with water, ether or chloroform.

ACTION AND USES: Rubefacient, astringent, antiseptic and by its evaporation a refrigerant. Internally it is a narcotic widely used as a "stimulant" but may do more harm than good.

_Alcohol Dehydratum (Alcohol Dehyd.), Dehydrated Alcohol, U.S.P._ (Alcohol Absolutum, U.S.P. VIII).--Not less than 99 per cent. by weight of C{2}H{5}OH.

A liquid with the same color, odor and taste as alcohol.

_Alcohol Dilutum (Alcohol Dil.), Diluted Alcohol, U.S.P._--About 41.5 per cent. by weight or 49 per cent. by volume of C{2}H{5}OH.

_*Elixir Aromaticum (Elix. Arom.), Aromatic Elixir, U.S.P._ (Simple Elixir).--Compound spirit of orange in syrup, alcohol and distilled water. Absolute alcohol content about 22 per cent.

USES: Diluent and vehicle. The alcohol content of this preparation should not be overlooked.

_Elixir Aromaticum Rubrum (Elix. Arom. Rub.), Red Aromatic Elixir, N.F._ (Red Elixir).--Aromatic elixir colored with cudbear.

USES: Diluent and vehicle.

_Elixir Glycyrrhizae (Elix. Glycyrrh.), Elixir of Glycyrrhiza, U.S.P._ (Elixir Adjuvans, U.S.P. VIII, Elixir of Licorice).--Fluidextract of glycyrrhiza (12.5%) and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 22 per cent.

USES: Diluent and vehicle. The alcohol content should not be overlooked.

_Elixir Glycyrrhizae Aromaticum (Elix. Glycyrrh. Arom.), Aromatic Elixir of Glycyrrhiza, N.F._ (Aromatic Elixir of Licorice).--Fluidextract of glycyrrhiza (12.5%), oil of clove, oil of cassia, oil of myristica, oil of fennel and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 22 per cent.

USES: Flavoring vehicle.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms.

=Aletris (Aletr.), Aletris, N.F.= (Unicorn Root, Colic Root, Star Grass).--Rhizome and root.

ACTION AND USES: Simple bitter, without advantage over gentian. Also used in proprietary "female remedies," without good evidence of value.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Aletridis (Fldext. Aletrid.), Fluidextract of Aletris, N.F._--Aletris (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).

=Allium (Allium), Garlic, N.F.=

ACTION AND USES: Irritant expectorant; without advantage over senega, terpin hydrate or asafetida.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.).

_Syrupus Allii (Syr. Allii), Syrup of Garlic, N.F._--Garlic (20%) in sugar and diluted acetic acid.

USES: Irritant expectorant.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=*Aloe (Aloe), Aloes, U.S.P.=--The inspissated juice of different species of aloes, yielding Socotrine, Curaçao and Cape aloes, respectively.

ACTION AND USES: Moderately active cathartic used in the treatment of chronic constipation. Acts mostly on the large intestine.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.), as pills.

_*Extractum Aloes (Ext. Aloes), Extract of Aloes, N.F._ (Powdered Extract of Aloes).--An aqueous extract, 1 Gm. representing 2 Gm. of aloes; diluted with starch. No material advantage over aloes.

DOSAGE: 0.125 Gm. or 2 grains (N.F.).

_Pilulae ad Prandium (Pil. ad Prand.), Dinner Pills, N.F._

1. For dinner pills without additional specifications Pilulae Aloes et Mastiches (which see), also called Lady Webster's Pills, should be dispensed.

2. CHAPMAN'S DINNER PILLS, N.F.--Each pill contains aloes and mastic (each 0.097 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains), and ipecac (0.065 Gm. or 1 grain), with oil of fennel.

3. COLE'S DINNER PILLS, N.F.--Each pill contains aloes, mass of mercury and jalap (each 0.078 Gm. or 1-1/4 grains), antimony and potassium tartrate (0.0013 Gm. or 1/50 grain) and syrup.

4. HALL'S DINNER PILLS, N.F.--Each pill contains aloes (0.065 Gm. or 1 grain) with extract of glycyrrhiza and soap.

DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).

_Pilulae Aloes (Pil. Aloes), Pills of Aloes, U.S.P._--Each pill contains aloes (0.13 Gm. or 2 grains) with soap.

DOSAGE: 2 pills (U.S.P.).

_Pilulae Aloes et Asafoetidae (Pil. Aloe. et Asafoet.), Pills of Aloes and Asafetida, N.F._--Each pill contains aloes and asafetida (each 0.09 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains) with soap.

DOSAGE: 1 pill (U.S.P.).

_Pilulae Aloes et Ferri (Pil. Aloe. et Ferr.), Pills of Aloes and Iron, N.F._--Each pill contains aloes and exsiccated ferrous sulphate (each 0.07 Gm. or 1-1/6 grains), with aromatic powder and confection of rose.

DOSAGE: 2 pills (N.F.).

_Pilulae Aloes et Mastiches (Pil. Aloe. et Mastich.), Pills of Aloes and Mastic, N.F._ (Lady Webster's Dinner Pill).--Each pill contains aloes (0.13 Gm. or 2 grains) and mastic (0.04 Gm. or 2/3 grain) with red rose.

DOSAGE: 2 pills (N.F.).

_Pilulae Aloes et Myrrhae (Pil. Aloe. et Myrrh.), Pills of Aloes and Myrrh, N.F._--Each pill contains aloes (0.13 Gm. or 2 grains) and myrrh (0.06 Gm. or 1 grain), with aromatic powder and syrup.

DOSAGE: 2 pills (N.F.).

_Pilulae Aloes et Podophylli Compositae (Pil. Aloe. et Podoph. Co.), Compound Pills of Aloes and Podophyllum, N.F._ (Janeway's Pills).--Each pill contains aloes (0.065 Gm. or 1 grain), resin of podophyllum (0.0325 Gm. or 1/2 grain), pilular extract of belladonna leaves and extract of nux vomica (each 0.016 Gm. or 1/4 grain).

DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).

_Pilulae Aloes, Hydrargyri et Podophylli (Pil. Aloe. Hydrarg. et Podoph.), Pills of Aloes, Mercury and Podophyllum, N.F._ (Pilulae Triplices, N.F. III, Triplex Pills, Pilula Triplex).--Each pill contains aloes (0.13 Gm. or 2 grains), mass of mercury (0.065 Gm. or 1 grain) and resin of podophyllum (0.016 Gm. or 1/4 grain). These pills should not be taken habitually.

DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).

_Pilulae Aloes, Hydrargyri et Scammonii Compositae (Pil. Aloe. Hydrarg. et Scammon Co.), Compound Pills of Aloes, Mercury and Scammony, N.F._ (Francis' Triplex Pills).--Each pill contains aloes, resin of scammony and mass of mercury (each 0.055 Gm. or 7/8 grain), croton oil (0.0032 Cc. or 1/20 minim), oil of caraway (0.016 Cc. or 1/4 minim) and tincture of aloes and myrrh. Should not be taken habitually.

DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).

_Pulvis Aloes et Canellae (Pulv. Aloe. et Canell.), Powder of Aloes and Canella, N.F._ (Hiera Picra).--Aloes (80%) and canella.

DOSAGE: 0.3 Gm. or 5 grains (N.F.).

_Tinctura Aloes (Tr. Aloes), Tincture of Aloes, U.S.P._--Aloes (10%) and glycyrrhiza in diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 47 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).

_Tinctura Aloes et Myrrhae (Tr. Aloe. et Myrrh.), Tincture of Aloes and Myrrh, N.F._--Represents aloes and myrrh (each 10%) and glycyrrhiza in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.

USES: Disagreeable cathartic.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).

=*Aloinum (Aloin.), Aloin, U.S.P.=--Obtained from aloes.

A yellow, odorless, intensely bitter powder. Slightly soluble in water and soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Similar to those of aloes; is more easily absorbed, and has sometimes produced renal irritation.

DOSAGE: 0.015 Gm. or 1/4 grain (U.S.P.), as pills. In chronic constipation, frequently given in doses of from 0.006 Gm. to 0.02 Gm., or 1/12 to 1/3 grain in combination with extract of belladonna and strychnine.

_Pilulae Aloini Compositae (Pil. Aloin. Co.), Compound Pills of Aloin, N.F._--Each pill contains aloin (0.0325 Gm. or 1/2 grain), resin of podophyllum (0.008 Gm. or 1/8 grain), and pilular extract of belladonna leaves (0.016 Gm. or 1/4 grain).

DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).

_Pilulae Aloini, Strychninae et Belladonnae (Pil. A.S. et B.), Pills of Aloin, Strychnine and Belladonna, N.F._--Each pill contains aloin (0.013 Gm. or 1/5 grain), strychnine (0.5 mg. or 1/120 grain) and pilular extract of belladonna leaves (0.008 Gm. or 1/8 grain).

DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).

_Pilulae Aloini, Strychninae et Belladonnae Compositae (Pil. A.S. et B. Co.), Compound Pills of Aloin, Strychnine and Belladonna, N.F._--Each pill contains aloin (0.013 Gm. or 1/5 grain), strychnine (0.5 mg. or 1/120 grain), pilular extract of belladonna leaves (0.008 Gm. or 1/8 grain) and extract of cascara sagrada (0.0325 Gm. or 1/2 grain).

USES: Needlessly complex mixture.

DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).

_Pilulae Laxativae Compositae (Pil. Lax. Co.), Compound Laxative Pills, N.F._--Each pill contains aloin (0.013 Gm. or 1/5 grain), strychnine (0.5 mg. or 1/120 grain), pilular extract of belladonna leaves (0.008 Gm. or 1/8 grain) and ipecac (0.004 Gm. or 1/15 grain) with glycyrrhiza and syrup.

USES: Complex and superfluous preparation of aloin.

DOSAGE: 2 pills (N.F.).

=Althaea (Althaea), Althaea, U.S.P.= (Marsh Mallow Root).

ACTION AND USES: Demulcent and emollient; without advantages over other drugs of the same kind, such as chondrus, tragacanth, slippery elm and flaxseed.

_Species Pectorales (Spec. Pect.), Pectoral Species, N.F._ (Species ad Infusum Pectorale, Breast Tea).--Althaea, coltsfoot, glycyrrhiza, anise, mullein flowers and orris root.

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).