Part 18

White, odorless plates, scales or powder, having a saline taste. Very soluble in hot or cold water and nearly insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Has been recommended in solutions as a nerve tonic in all kinds of wasting and nervous diseases. The weight of evidence indicates that the glycerophosphates are not superior to ordinary phosphates and that the claims for them as nerve tonics are, therefore, unfounded.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).

_Elixir Glycerophosphatum Compositum (Elix. Glycerophos. Co.), Compound Elixir of Glycerophosphates, N.F. _(Compound Solution of Glycerophosphates).--Solution of sodium glycerophosphate (4%), calcium glycerophosphate (1.6%), ferric glycerophosphate (0.3%), soluble manganese glycerophosphate (0.2%), quinine glycerophosphate (0.1%), strychnine glycerophosphate (0.015%), lactic acid (1%) and compound spirit of cardamom, in alcohol, glycerin and water. Absolute alcohol content about 12 per cent.

USES: A highly complex and therefore irrational preparation of the inactive glycerophosphates.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Liquor Sodii Glycerophosphatis (Liq. Sod. Glycerophos.). Solution of Sodium Glycerophosphate, U.S.P._--Anhydrous sodium glycerophosphate (not less than 50%) in water.

DOSAGE: 0.35 Cc. or 6 minims (U.S.P.)

=*Sodii Hydroxidum (Sod. Hydrox.), Sodium Hydroxide, U.S.P.= (Caustic Soda, Sodium Hydrate).--NaOH (not less than 90%).

White, odorless masses or hard, brittle sticks. Very soluble in water (1:0.9) and very soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Practically identical with those of potassium hydroxide.

_*Liquor Sodii Hydroxidi (Liq. Sod. Hydrox.), Solution of Sodium Hydroxide, U.S.P._ (Liquor Sodae, Solution of Soda).--NaOH (about 5%) in water.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).

=Sodii Hypophosphis (Sod. Hypophos.), Sodium Hypophosphite, U.S.P.=--NaH{2}PO{2} + H{2}O.

Colorless plates or white powder, odorless and having a saline taste. Freely soluble in water (1:1) and soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: The hypophosphites have been prescribed as "tonics," but all reliable evidence indicates that they are inert.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).

_Elixir Sodii Hypophosphitis (Elix. Sod. Hypophos.), Elixir of Sodium Hypophosphite, N.F._--Sodium hypophosphite (3.5%), hypophosphorous acid (0.4%), and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 21 per cent.

USES: Objectionable alcoholic preparation of an inactive drug.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Syrupus Sodii Hypophosphitis (Syr. Sod. Hypophos.), Syrup of Sodium Hypophosphite, N.F._--Sodium hypophosphite (3.5%), and hypophosphorous acid (0.2%) in syrup.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=Sodii Indigotindisulphonas (Sod. Indigotin.), Sodium Indigotindisulphonate, U.S.P.= (Indigo Carmine).

Blue powder or dark purple paste. Sparingly soluble in water and almost insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Coloring agent.

=*Sodii Iodidum (Sod. Iod.), Sodium Iodide, U.S.P.=--NaI.

Colorless crystals or white powder, odorless and having a saline taste. Very soluble in water (1:0.55) and freely soluble in alcohol (1:2).

ACTION AND USES: Practically identical with those of potassium iodide, but less disagreeable in taste; perhaps somewhat less irritating locally.

DOSAGE: 0.3 Gm. or 5 grains (U.S.P.).

=*Sodii Nitris (Sod. Nitris), Sodium Nitrite, U.S.P.=--NaNO{2}.

Colorless crystals or white or nearly white masses, sticks or powder, odorless and having a mild saline taste. Deliquescent on exposure to air, being gradually converted into sodium nitrate. Freely soluble in water (1:1.5), but only sparingly soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Vasodilator, similar to nitroglycerin. The action is probably somewhat slower and more prolonged.

DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.).

=Sodii Perboras (Sod. Perbor.), Sodium Perborate, U.S.P.=--NaBO{3} + 4H{2}O (about 86.5%). Should contain not less than 9 per cent. of available oxygen.

White, odorless granules or powder, having a saline taste. Soluble in water.

ACTION AND USES: Antiseptic, deodorant and bactericide; in general, similar to hydrogen peroxide.

DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.); may be applied as a dusting powder or in a 2 per cent. solution.

=Sodii Phenolsulphonas (Sod. Phenolsulph.), Sodium Phenolsulphonate, U.S.P.= (Sodium Sulphocarbolate).--The hydrated salt.

Colorless, odorless, somewhat efflorescent crystals or granules, having a cooling, saline bitter taste. Freely soluble in water (1:4.2), and only slightly soluble in alcohol (1:140).

ACTION AND USES: Phenolsulphonates were introduced with the idea that they would be antiseptic like phenol, but less toxic. Actually, they are practically inert.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).

=*Sodii Phosphas (Sod. Phos.), Sodium Phosphate, U.S.P.=--Na{2}HPO{4} + 12H{2}O, representing about 41.5 per cent. of the anhydrous salt.

Colorless, odorless, efflorescent crystals or powder, having a cooling, saline taste. Freely soluble in water (1:2.7); insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Saline cathartic, similar to magnesium and sodium sulphate. The taste is less disagreeable.

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (U.S.P.).

_Sodii Phosphas Exsiccatus (Sod. Phos. Exsic.), Exsiccated Sodium Phosphate, U.S.P._--Na{2}HPO{4}.

White powder which absorbs moisture readily. Freely soluble in water (1:8.1), but insoluble in alcohol.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).

_Liquor Sodii Phosphatis Compositus (Liq. Sod. Phos. Co.), Compound Solution of Sodium Phosphate, N.F._--Sodium phosphate (100%) and citric acid in glycerin and water.

USES: Laxative.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_*Sodii Phosphas Effervescens (Sod. Phos. Eff.), Effervescent Sodium Phosphate, U.S.P._--Exsiccated sodium phosphate (20%) in a mixture of sodium bicarbonate (47.7%), tartaric acid (25.2%) and citric acid, the last three yielding sodium citrate and sodium tartrate.

DOSAGE: 10 Gm. or 2-1/2 drachms (U.S.P.).

=*Sodii Salicylas (Sod. Salicyl.), Sodium Salicylate, U.S.P.=--C{6}H{4}(OH) (COONa).

White or nearly white, odorless or nearly odorless powder having a sweet, saline taste. Very soluble in water (1:0.9) and freely soluble in alcohol (1:9.2). Incompatible with acids, with acid salts and with solutions of many of the alkaloids, particularly quinine, which precipitates as the salicylate.

ACTION AND USES: The salt usually employed to secure the constitutional action of salicylic acid.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).

_Elixir Sodii Salicylatis (Elix. Sod. Salicyl.), Elixir of Sodium Salicylate, N.F._--Sodium salicylate (8.5%), syrup, water and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 7 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Elixir Sodii Salicylatis Compositum (Elix. Sod. Salicyl. Co.), Compound Elixir of Sodium Salicylate, N.F._--Sodium salicylate (8%), fluidextract of cimifuga (3.2%), fluidextract of gelsemium (1.6%) and potassium iodide (1.5%) in aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 23 per cent.

USES: An irrational rheumatism mixture, constituting an invitation to haphazard use.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Liquor Ferri Salicylatis (Liq. Ferr. Salicyl.), Solution of Ferric Salicylate, N.F._ (Salicylated Mixture of Iron).--Solution containing ferric salicylate with a large excess of sodium salicylate [obtained by the interaction of sodium salicylate (12.5%) and tincture of ferric citrochloride (12.5%)], and ammonium citrate, methyl salicylate, glycerin and water.

USES: "Rheumatism remedy." Ferric salicylate has no special advantage over the sodium salt.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

=*Sodii Sulphas (Sod. Sulph.), Sodium Sulphate, U.S.P.= (Glauber's Salt).--Na{2}SO{4} + 10H{2}O.

Colorless, odorless, efflorescent crystals, having a bitter, saline taste. Freely soluble in water (1:1), but insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Saline cathartic, more disagreeable but less active than magnesium sulphate, over which it has no material advantage.

DOSAGE: 15 Gm. or 4 drachms (U.S.P.).

_Sal Carolinum Factitium (Sal Carol. Fact.), Artificial Carlsbad Salt, N.F._--This is available in two forms, the dry amorphous form and the crystalline form, the latter representing about 80 per cent. of water of crystallization. The dry amorphous form represents potassium sulphate (2%), sodium chloride (18%), sodium bicarbonate (36%) and hydrated sodium sulphate (100%).

USES: Alkaline cathartic.

_Sal Carolinum Factitium Effervescens (Sal Carol. Fact. Eff.), Effervescent Artificial Carlsbad Salt, N.F._ (Pulvis Salis Carolini Factitii Effervescens, N.F. III).--Artificial Carlsbad salt (26.6%) in a mixture of sodium bicarbonate (40%), tartaric acid (15.7%) and citric acid, the last three yielding sodium citrate and sodium tartrate.

ACTION AND USES: Cathartic. Its high sodium citrate and tartrate content should be borne in mind.

DOSAGE: 6 Gm. or 1-1/2 drachms (N.F.)

=*Sodii Sulphis Exsiccatus (Sod. Sulphis Exsic.), Exsiccated Sodium Sulphite, U.S.P.=--Na{2}SO{3} (not less than 90%).

White, odorless powder, having a cooling, saline sulphurous taste. Freely soluble in water (1:3.2), but only sparingly soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Antiseptic; principally used externally as a wash.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.)

=*Sodii Thiosulphas (Sod. Thiosulph.), Sodium Thiosulphate, U.S.P.= ("Sodium Hyposulphite").--Na{2}S{2}O{3} + 5H{2}O.

Colorless, odorless crystals, having a cooling, afterward bitter taste. Very soluble in water (1:0.5) and insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Used externally in the form of a lotion as application for ringworm and other parasitic diseases. Internally, rarely as cathartic.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.)

=Solanum (Solan.), Solanum, N.F.= (Horsenettle Berries).--Ripe fruit.

ACTION AND USES: Rarely used as a sedative in convulsions and epilepsy; probably ineffective.

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Solani (Fldext. Solan.), Fluidextract of Solanum, N.F._--Solanum (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)

=Sparteinae Sulphas (Spartein. Sulph.), Sparteine Sulphate, U.S.P.=

Colorless, odorless, hygroscopic crystals or powder, having a slightly saline and somewhat bitter taste. Freely soluble in water (1:1.1) and in alcohol (1:3).

ACTION AND USES: Has been widely exploited as a diuretic, but on insufficient evidence. Is of little use and is now less frequently employed than formerly. Large doses slow and weaken the heart.

DOSAGE: 0.01 Gm. or 1/6 grain (U.S.P.)

=SPECIES.=--Mixtures of vegetable drugs used as teas or poultices. For the official mixtures, see Species Emollientes, N.F., under =Althaea Folia;= Species Laxativae, N.F., under =Senna=, and Species Pectorales, under =Althaea=.

=Spigelia (Spigelia), Spigelia, U.S.P.= (Pinkroot).--Rhizome and roots.

ACTION AND USES: Obsolete anthelmintic for ascarides. Inferior to santonin.

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (U.S.P.).

_Fluidextractum Spigeliae (Fldext. Spigel.), Fluidextract of Spigelia, U.S.P._ (Fluidextract of Pinkroot).--Spigelia (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.)

=SPIRITUS, SPIRITS.--=Alcoholic solutions of either gaseous, liquid, or solid volatile substances.

For the official spirits, see under the names of the respective principal constituents. For Spiritus Cinnamomi, see under =Oleum Cassiae=; for Spiritus Odoratus, under =Oleum Bergamottae=. For the following, see under the respective oils: Spiritus Amygdalae Amarae, Spiritus Anisi, Spiritus Aurantii Compositus, Spiritus Cardamomi Compositus, Spiritus Juniperi, Spiritus Juniperi Compositus, Spiritus Lavandulae, Spiritus Menthae Piperitae, Spiritus Menthae Viridis, Spiritus Myrciae Compositus, Spiritus Sinapis.

=SPIRITUS OLEORUM VOLATILIUM, SPIRITS OF VOLATILE OILS=.--Volatile oil (6.5%) in alcohol.

=Staphisagria (Staphisag.), Staphisagria, U.S.P.= (Stavesacre).--Seeds.

ACTION AND USES: To destroy pediculi. The contained alkaloid, delphinine, is toxic, resembling aconitine in its physiologic action.

DOSAGE: Used as an ointment or lotion.

_Fluidextractum Staphisagria (Fldext. Staphisag.), Fluidextract of Staphisagria, U.S.P._ (Fluidextract of Stavesacre).--Staphisagria (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 80 per cent.

=STILI DILUBILES (STIL. DILUB.), PASTE PENCILS,= (Unna Pencils).--Paste pencils are for the direct application of medicinal agents to the skin in dermatologic practice. The paste consists of starch, dextrin, tragacanth and sugar with sufficient water to form a plastic mass. For the official paste pencils, see Stili Acidi Salicylici Dilubiles, under =Acidum Salicylicum=.

=Stillingia (Stilling.), Stillingia, U.S.P.= (Queen's Root).

ACTION AND USES: Has been used as a sialagogue and expectorant. Has no advantage over senega; is now less frequently used than formerly.

The compound fluidextract and syrup are antiquated "alteratives," at one time used especially against syphilis and scrofula. They are complex and inefficient, and therefore irrational and harmful.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).

_Fluidextractum Stillingiae (Fldext. Stilling.), Fluidextract of Stillingia, U.S.P._--Stillingia (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).

_Fluidextractum Stillingiae Compositum (Fldext. Stilling. Co.), Compound Fluidextract of Stillingia, N.F._--Stillingia (25%), corydalis (25%), blue flag (12.5%), sambucus (12.5%), chimaphila (12.5%), prickly ash berries (6.2%) and coriander (6.2%) in glycerin, alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).

_Syrupus Stillingiae Compositus (Syr. Stilling. Co.), Compound Syrup of Stillingia, N.F._--Compound fluidextract of stillingia (25%) in glycerin and syrup. Absolute alcohol content about 10 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)

=*Stramonium (Stramon.), Stramonium, U.S.P.= (Jamestown Weed, Jimson Weed).--Leaves, containing not less than 0.25 per cent. of alkaloids.

ACTION AND USES: Similar to those of belladonna, over which it has no advantage. Often used in "asthma powders."

DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.).

_Extractum Stramonii (Ext. Stramon.), Extract of Stramonium, U.S.P._--Two forms: Pilular extract of stramonium and powdered extract of stramonium. One Gm. of extract represents about 4 Gm. of stramonium and yields about 1 per cent. of alkaloids.

DOSAGE: 0.01 Gm. or 1/6 grain (U.S.P.).

_Fluidextractum Stramonii (Fldext. Stramon.), Fluidextract of Stramonium, N.F._--Stramonium (100%), yielding about 0.25 per cent. of alkaloids. Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.05 Cc. or 1 minim (N.F.).

_Tinctura Stramonii (Tr. Stramon.), Tincture of Stramonium, U.S.P._--Stramonium (10%), yielding about 0.025 per cent. of stramonium alkaloids. Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (U.S.P.).

_Unguentum Stramonii (Ung. Stramon.), Stramonium Ointment, U.S.P._--Pilular extract of stramonium (10%), diluted alcohol, hydrous wool fat and benzoinated lard.

=Strontii Bromidum (Stront. Brom.), Strontium Bromide, U.S.P.=--SrBr{2} + 6H{2}O.

Colorless, odorless crystals, having a bitter, saline taste. Very soluble in water (1:0.35); soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Similar to those of sodium bromide over which it has no definite advantage.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.)

=Strontii Carbonas (Stront. Carb.), Strontium Carbonate, N.F.=--SrCO{3}.

White, odorless, tasteless powder. Insoluble in water and in alcohol. Decomposed by acids.

ACTION AND USES: Of use only in the making of soluble salts of strontium

=Strontii Iodidum (Stront. Iod.), Strontium Iodide, U.S.P.=--SrI{2} + 6H{2}O.

Colorless crystals or white powder or crystalline crusts, turning yellow on exposure to light; odorless, deliquescent and having a bitter saline taste. Very soluble in water (1:0.2); somewhat less soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Similar to, but without definite advantage over potassium iodide.

DOSAGE: 0.3 Gm. or 5 grains (U.S.P.)

=Strontii Salicylas (Stront. Salicyl.), Strontium Salicylate, U.S.P.=--Sr(C{6}H{4}.OH.COO){2} + 2H{2}O.

White, odorless powder, having a somewhat sweet, saline taste. Soluble in water (1:19) and in alcohol (1:61).

ACTION AND USES: Identical with those of sodium salicylate, over which it has no advantage.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.)

=*Strophanthinum (Strophanthin.), Strophanthin, U.S.P.=--A glucoside or mixture of glucosides obtained from strophanthus.

White or yellowish powder. Very soluble in water and in diluted alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Like those of digitalis. Strophanthin acts more rapidly and is excreted sooner, but its absorption from the alimentary canal is so variable that its administration by mouth is inadvisable.

DOSAGE: Daily by mouth, 0.001 Gm. or 1/60 grain (U.S.P.); intravenous, 0.00075 Gm. or 1/80 grain (U.S.P.). Caution should be used if patient has been taking digitalis

=*Strophanthus (Strophanth.), Strophanthus, U.S.P.=--Ripe seeds.

ACTION AND USES: Strophanthus and tincture of strophanthus have properties similar to those of the glucoside strophanthin. The absorption of strophanthus from the alimentary canal is so variable that administration by mouth is not advisable.

DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.).

_*Tinctura Strophanthi (Tr. Strophanth.), Tincture of Strophanthus, U.S.P._ (Strophanthi Tinctura, P.I.).--Strophanthus (10%) with the oil removed. Biologically assayed by producing death in frogs. Absolute alcohol content about 92 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (U.S.P.). Physicians who prescribe it should specify the biologically assayed preparation.

=Strychnina (Strych.), Strychnine, U.S.P.=--An alkaloid obtained from nux vomica.

Colorless, odorless crystals or white powder. Extremely bitter in very dilute solutions. Very slightly soluble in water (1:6420) and slightly soluble in alcohol (1:136).

ACTION AND USES: Stimulates the reflex activity of the spinal cord, but produces little or no effect on the higher nervous centers; is also used as a bitter tonic, generally in the form of a preparation of nux vomica.

As strychnine is so slightly soluble, it is generally prescribed as one of its salts. Of these, the nitrate meets every need.

DOSAGE: 0.0015 Gm. or 1/40 grain (U.S.P.).

_Elixir Pepsini, Bismuthi et Strychninae (Elix. Pepsin. Bism. et Strych.), Elixir of Pepsin, Bismuth and Strychnine, N.F._--Strychnine (0.0175%), tartaric acid, and elixir of pepsin and bismuth. Absolute alcohol content about 10 per cent.

USES: An irrational preparation.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Pilulae Antidyspepticae (Pil. Antidyspep.), Antidyspeptic Pills, N.F._--Each pill contains strychnine (0.0016 Gm., or 1/40 grain), ipecac and pilular extract of belladonna leaves (each 0.0065 Gm., or 1/10 grain), mass of mercury, and compound extract of colocynth (each 0.13 Gm., or 2 grains).

USES: An objectionably named and misdirected mixture.

DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).

=Strychninae Acetas, Strychnine Acetate.=

_Liquor Strychninae Acetatis (Liq. Strych. Acet.), Solution of Strychnine Acetate, N.F._ (Hall's Solution of Strychnine).--Strychnine acetate (about 0.209%), alcohol, compound tincture of cardamom and water. Absolute alcohol content about 23 per cent.

USES: Superfluous strychnine solution.

DOSAGE: 0.6 Cc. or 10 minims (U.S.P.).

=Strychninae Glycerophosphas (Strych. Glycerophos.), Strychnine Glycerophosphate, N.F.= (Strychnine Glycerinophosphate).

White, odorless crystals or powder, with a taste at first sweet, afterward intensely bitter. Slightly soluble in water (1:350), and in alcohol (1:310).

ACTION AND USES: Superfluous strychnine salt.

DOSAGE: 0.0015 Gm. or 1/40 grain (N.F.).

=*Strychninae Nitras (Strych. Nit.), Strychnine Nitrate, U.S.P.=

Colorless, odorless crystals or white powder. Soluble in water (1:42) and somewhat less soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Same as those of strychnine.

DOSAGE: 0.0015 Gm. or 1/40 grain (U.S.P.).

=*Strychninae Sulphas (Strych. Sulph.), Strychnine Sulphate, U.S.P.=

Colorless or white crystals or white powder, odorless; efflorescent in dry air. Soluble in water (1:32) and in alcohol (1:81).

USES: Same as those of strychnine. Has no advantage over the nitrate.

DOSAGE: 0.0015 Gm. or 1/40 grain (U.S.P.).

_Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri, Bismuthi et Strychninae (Elix. Cinchon. Ferr. Bism. et Strych.), Elixir of Cinchona Alkaloids, Iron, Bismuth and Strychnine, N.F._ (Elixir Cinchonae, Ferri, Bismuthi et Strychninae, N.F. III, Elixir of Calisaya, Alkaloidal, with Iron, Bismuth and Strychnine).--Strychnine sulphate (0.0175%), elixir of cinchona alkaloids, iron and bismuth (about 99%) and water. Absolute alcohol content about 18 per cent.

USES: An irrational mixture supposed to contain six active ingredients.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri et Strychninae (Elix. Cinchon. Ferr. et Strych.), Elixir of Cinchona Alkaloids, Iron and Strychnine, N.F._ (Elixir Cinchonae, Ferri et Strychninae, N.F. III, Elixir of Calisaya Alkaloidal, with Iron and Strychnine).--Strychnine sulphate (0.0175%), elixir of cinchona alkaloids and iron (about 99%) and water. Absolute alcohol content about 18 per cent.

USES: A complex and irrational "tonic."

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=Strychninae Valeras (Strych. Valer.), Strychnine Valerate, N.F.=

White, crystalline powder, with a valerian-like odor and an intensely bitter taste. Sparingly soluble in water, soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Superfluous strychnine salt.

DOSAGE: 0.0015 Gm. or 1/40 grain (N.F.).

_Elixir Strychninae Valeratis (Elix. Strych. Valer.), Elixir of Strychnine Valerate, N.F._ (Elixir Strychninae Valerianatis, N.F. III).--Strychnine valerate (0.0175%), aromatic elixir (about 96.5%), water, tincture of vanilla and compound tincture of cudbear. Absolute alcohol content about 22 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=Styrax (Styrax), Storax, U.S.P.= (Liquid Storax.)--A balsam.

ACTION AND USES: Closely resembles balsam of Peru, over which it has no advantage. An ointment (1:4) has been used as a parasiticide in scabies and other parasitic infections.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).

=Succus Citri (Suc. Cit.), Lime Juice, N.F.=

ACTION AND USES: Used especially in prevention and treatment of scurvy.

=Succus Pomorum (Suc. Pomor.), Fresh Apple Juice, N.F.=

ACTION AND USES: Used in pharmacy in the making of crude ferric malate.

=*Sulphonethylmethanum (Sulphonethylmeth.), Sulphonethylmethane, U.S.P.= (Trional).--Diethylsulphonemethylethylmethane.

Colorless, lustrous, odorless, crystalline scales, having a bitter taste in aqueous solutions. Slightly soluble in water (1:200) and in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: A hypnotic producing in ordinary doses no other symptoms than sleep. The sleep comes on in about an hour, though in some cases it may be much longer delayed.

DOSAGE: 0.75 Gm. or 12 grains (U.S.P.), best administered in hot milk or other hot drinks.

=*Sulphonmethanum (Sulphonmeth.), Sulphonmethane, U.S.P.= (Sulphonal).--Diethylsulphonedimethylmethane.

Colorless, odorless and nearly tasteless crystals or powder. Slightly soluble in water (1:365) and soluble in alcohol (1:60).

ACTION AND USES: Hypnotic and sedative. Has properties similar to those of sulphonethylmethane, but usually acts somewhat more slowly.

DOSAGE: 0.75 Gm. or 12 grains (U.S.P.). Preferably administered in hot milk or other hot drinks.

=*Sulphur Lotum (Sulphur Lot.), Washed Sulphur, U.S.P.=--S.