Part 17

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).

_Fluidextractum Sarsaparillae Compositum (Fldext. Sarsap. Co.), Compound Fluidextract of Sarsaparilla, U.S.P._--Sarsaparilla (75%), mezereum (3%), glycyrrhiza and sassafras. Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).

_Syrupus Sarsaparillae Compositus (Syr. Sarsap. Co.), Compound Syrup of Sarsaparilla, U.S.P._--Fluidextract of sarsaparilla (20%), fluidextract of senna (1.5%), fluidextract of glycyrrhiza, oil of sassafras, oil of anise, methyl salicylate and alcohol in syrup. Absolute alcohol content about 10 per cent.

USES: Irrational mixture; no indications for its use.

DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (U.S.P.)

=Sassafras (Sassaf.), Sassafras, U.S.P.=--Bark of the root.

ACTION AND USES: Mild aromatic and carminative containing a volatile oil. No advantage over other aromatics, such as peppermint, ginger, etc.

DOSAGE: 10 Gm. or 2-1/2 drachms (U.S.P.)

=Sassafras Medulla (Sassaf. Med.), Sassafras Pith, N.F.=

ACTION AND USES: Demulcent.

_Mucilago Sassafras Medullae (Mucil. Sassaf. Medul.), Mucilage of Sassafras Pith, N.F._--Sassafras pith (0.2%) in water.

DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (N.F.).

=Scammoniae Radix (Scam. Rad.), Scammony Root, U.S.P.=

ACTION AND USES: Used principally for preparing resin, in which its activity as a cathartic resides.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).

_Resina Scammoniae (Res. Scamm.), Resin of Scammony, U.S.P._--The resin from scammony root.

DOSAGE: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (U.S.P.).

=*Scilla (Scill.), Squill, U.S.P.=--Fleshy inner scales of a bulb. The official drug is to be assayed biologically.

ACTION AND USES: Qualitatively like those of digitalis. Has been largely used as a nauseant and expectorant. Has no advantage over digitalis, and should pass out of use. If used, it should be standardized.

DOSAGE: 0.1 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains (U.S.P.) of a standardized preparation.

_Acetum Scillae (Acet. Scill.), Vinegar of Squill, U.S.P._--Squill (10%) in diluted acetic acid.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).

_Fluidextractum Scillae (Fldext. Scill.), Fluidextract of Squill, U.S.P._--Squill (100%). Assayed biologically by producing death in the frog.

DOSAGE: 0.1 Cc. or 1-1/2 minims (U.S.P.). Physicians who prescribe it should specify the biologically assayed preparation.

_Oxymel Scillae (Oxymel Scill.), Oxymel of Squill, N.F._--Vinegar of squill (50%) and clarified honey.

USES: Antiquated and irrational preparation of squill.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).

_*Syrupus Scillae (Syr. Scill.), Syrup of Squill, U.S.P._--Vinegar of squill (45%), in sugar and water.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).

_Syrupus Scillae Compositus (Syr. Scill. Co.), Compound Syrup of Squill, U.S.P._ (Hive Syrup).--Fluidextract of squill (8%), fluidextract of senega (8%) and antimony and potassium tartrate (0.2%), in water and syrup.

USES: Complex and irrational expectorant.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).

_*Tinctura Scillae (Tr. Scill.), Tincture of Squill, U.S.P._--Squill (10%) in alcohol and water. Biologically assayed by producing death in frogs. Absolute alcohol content about 69 per cent.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.). Physicians who prescribe it should specify the biologically assayed preparation.

=Scoparius (Scopar.), Scoparius, N.F.= (Broom Tops).

ACTION AND USES: Formerly used as diuretic, laxative and cathartic. See Sparteinae Sulphas.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Scoparii (Fldext. Scopar.), Fluidextract of Scoparius, N.F._--Scoparius (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).

=*Scopolaminae Hydrobromidum (Scopolamin. Hydrobrom.), Scopolamine Hydrobromide, U.S.P.= (Hyoscine Hydrobromide, Scopolamine Bromide).--The hydrobromide of levorotatory scopolamine, also known as hyoscine.

Colorless, odorless, transparent crystals.

ACTION AND USES: Closely resembling those of atropine in its influence on the nerve endings but differing from the latter in having a sedative instead of a stimulating effect on the brain. Used as a somnifacient in motor excitement and mania; as a preliminary to anesthesia and in "twilight sleep," and locally as a mydriatic. Uncertain in its action, at times producing acute delirium. The tendency to depress the respiratory center must be remembered.

DOSAGE: 0.3 Mg. or 1/200 grain (U.S.P.).

=Scutellaria (Scutell.), Scutellaria, N.F.= (Skullcap).--Plant.

ACTION AND USES: Claimed, though without reliable evidence, to be a tonic, nervine and antispasmodic, particularly useful in chorea and convulsions.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Scutellariae (Fldext. Scutellar.), Fluidextract of Scutellaria, N.F._--Scutellaria (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).

=Senecio (Senecio), Senecio, N.F.= (Life Root).--Plant deprived of its root.

ACTION AND USES: Has been recommended, probably without warrant, as a tonic, diuretic, expectorant and diaphoretic.

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Senecionis (Fldext. Senecion.), Fluidextract of Senecio, N.F._--Senecio (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)

=Senega (Seneg.), Senega, U.S.P.= (Seneca Snakeroot, Senega Snakeroot).

ACTION AND USES: Employed as nauseant expectorant (by virtue of the irritant saponin).

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).

_Fluidextractum Senegae (Fldext. Seneg.), Fluidextract of Senega, U.S.P._--Senega (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).

_Syrupus Senegae (Syr. Seneg.), Syrup of Senega, U.S.P._--Fluidextract of senega (20%) in syrup. Absolute alcohol content about 10 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.)

=*Senna (Senn.), Senna, U.S.P.= (Alexandria Senna or India Senna).

ACTION AND USES: Efficient cathartic of anthraquinone series.

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (U.S.P.).

_Confectio Sennae (Confect. Senn.), Confection of Senna, N.F._--Senna (10%), cassia fistula (16%), tamarind (10%), prune, fig, sugar, oil of coriander and water.

USES: A pleasant but needlessly complex laxative.

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).

_*Fluidextractum Sennae (Fldext. Senn.), Fluidextract of Senna, U.S.P._--Senna (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 25 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).

_Infusum Sennae Compositum (Inf. Senn. Co.), Compound Infusion of Senna, U.S.P._--Senna (6%), magnesium sulphate (12%), manna (12%) and fennel in water.

DOSAGE: 120 Cc. or 4 fluidounces (U.S.P.).

_*Pulvis Glycyrrhizae Compositus (Pulv. Glycyrrh. Co.), Compound Powder of Glycyrrhiza, U.S.P._ (Compound Licorice Powder).--Senna (18%), washed sulphur (8%) with glycyrrhiza, oil of fennel and sugar.

USES: A misnamed senna preparation.

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (U.S.P.).

_Species Laxativae (Spec. Lax.), Laxative Species, N.F._ (Species Laxantes, N.F. III, St. Germain Tea).--Senna (40%), potassium bitartrate (10%), elder flowers, fennel and anise.

DOSAGE: 1.3 Gm. or 20 grains (N.F.).

_Syrupus Ficorum Compositus (Syr. Ficor. Co.), Compound Syrup of Figs, N.F._--Fluidextract of senna (20%), aromatic fluidglycerate of cascara sagrada (10%), with figs, oil of fennel and spirit of peppermint in syrup. Absolute alcohol content about 5 per cent.

USES: Complex and misnamed cathartic, imitating a widely advertised "patent medicine."

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_*Syrupus Sennae (Syr. Senn.), Syrup of Senna, U.S.P._--Fluidextract of senna (25%) and oil of coriander in syrup. Absolute alcohol content about 5 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).

_Syrupus Sennae Aromaticus (Syr. Senn. Arom.), Aromatic Syrup of Senna, N.F._--Fluidextract of senna (12.5%), jalap (5%), rhubarb (1.75%), Saigon cinnamon, clove, nutmeg, oil of lemon and sugar in diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 30 per cent.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Syrupus Sennae Compositus (Syr. Senn. Co.), Compound Syrup of Senna, N.F._--Fluidextract of senna (13.5%), fluidextract of rhubarb (3.5%), fluidextract of frangula (3.5%), methyl salicylate (0.4%) and alcohol in syrup. Absolute alcohol content about 13 per cent.

USES: Complex and irrational cathartic.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.)

=Serpentaria (Serpent.), Serpentaria, U.S.P.= (Texas Snakeroot, Virginia Snakeroot).--Rhizome and root.

ACTION AND USES: Bitter with no advantage over gentian; now less frequently used than formerly.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).

_Fluidextractum Serpentariae (Fldext. Serpentar.), Fluidextract of Serpentaria, N.F._--Serpentaria (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims.

_Tinctura Serpentariae (Tr. Serpent.), Tincture of Serpentaria, N.F._--Serpentaria (20%) in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)

=*Serum Antidiphthericum (Ser. Antidiph.), Antidiphtheric Serum, U.S.P.= (Diphtheria Antitoxin).--Serum from a horse properly immunized against diphtheria toxin; has a potency of not less than 250 antitoxic units per Cc.

ACTION AND USES: Curative and prophylactic agent in diphtheria. The possibility of serum disease must be remembered. Caution should be exercised when antidiphtheric serum is administered to persons who have had asthma, and, above all, "horse asthma." In such cases a few drops only of the serum may be injected, followed in fifteen or thirty minutes by the full dose.

DOSAGE: Curative, 10,000 units (U.S.P.); protective, 1,000 units (U.S.P.); both hypodermic.

_*Serum Antidiphthericum Purificatum (Ser. Antidiph. Purif.), Purified Antidiphtheric Serum, U.S.P._ (Antidiphtheric Globulins, Concentrated Diphtheria Antitoxin, Diphtheric Antitoxin Globulins, Refined and Concentrated Diphtheria Antitoxin).--Certain antitoxic proteins from the blood serum of a horse properly immunized against diphtheria toxin, dissolved in physiologic solution of sodium chloride.

USES: Less apt to produce serum disease.

DOSAGE: Curative, 10,000 units (U.S.P.); protective, 1,000 units (U. S, P.); both hypodermic.

_*Serum Antidiphthericum Siccum (Ser. Antidiph. Sicc.), Dried Antidiphtheric Serum, U.S.P._ (Dried Diphtheria Antitoxin).

DOSAGE: Curative, 10,000 units (U.S.P.); protective, 1,000 units (U.S.P.); both hypodermic

=*Serum Antitetanicum (Ser. Antitetan.), Antitetanic Serum, U.S.P.= (Tetanus Antitoxin).--Serum from a horse properly immunized against tetanus toxin, dissolved in physiologic solution of sodium chloride.

ACTION AND USES: Prophylactic agent in tetanus; also used for curative purposes.

DOSAGE: Curative, 10,000 units (U.S.P.); protective, 1,500 units (U.S.P.); both hypodermic.

_*Serum Antitetanicum Purificatum (Ser. Antitetan. Purif.), Purified Antitetanic Serum, U.S.P._ (Antitetanic Globulins, Concentrated Tetanus Antitoxin, Refined and Concentrated Tetanus Antitoxin, Tetanus Antitoxic Globulins).--Certain antitoxic proteins from the serum of a horse properly immunized against tetanus toxin.

DOSAGE: Curative, 10,000 units (U.S.P.); protective, 1,500 units (U.S.P.); both hypodermic.

_*Serum Antitetanicum Siccum (Ser. Antitetan. Sicc.), Dried Antitetanic Serum, U.S.P._ (Dried Tetanus Antitoxin).

USES: May be used as a dusting powder in suspicious wounds.

DOSAGE: Curative, 10,000 units (U.S.P.); protective, 1,500 units (U.S.P.); both hypodermic.

=Sevum Praeparatum (Sev. Praep.), Prepared Suet, U.S.P.= (Mutton Suet).

A white, solid, almost odorless fat, having a bland taste when fresh, but becoming rancid on prolonged exposure to air.

ACTION AND USES: Used in the preparation of ointments and cerates.

_Sevum Benzoinatum (Sev. Benz.), Benzoinated Suet, N.F._--Benzoin (3%) in prepared suet.

USES: Ointment base; superfluous.

=Sinapis Alba (Sinap. Alb.), White Mustard, U.S.P.= (Yellow Mustard).--Ripe seeds.

ACTION AND USES: Develops irritant volatile oil on contact with water; frequently mixed with black mustard in powder for use as ground mustard.

DOSAGE: Emetic, 10 Gm. or 2-1/2 drachms (U.S.P.).

=*Sinapis Nigra (Sinap. Nig.), Black Mustard, U.S.P.= (Brown Mustard).--Ripe seeds.

ACTION AND USES: See =Oleum Sinapis Volatile=.

DOSAGE: Emetic, 10 Gm. or 2-1/2 drachms (U.S.P.).

_*Emplastrum Sinapis (Emp. Sinap.), Mustard Plaster, U.S.P._ (Charta Sinapis, U.S.P. VIII, Mustard Paper).--A mixture of black mustard, deprived of its fixed oil, and a solution of rubber, spread on paper, cotton cloth or other fabric.

USES: Counterirritant.

=Soda Chlorinata, Chlorinated Soda.=

ACTION AND USES: Hypochlorites in acid, alkaline and neutral solutions have been found useful in the treatment of infected wounds. The alkaline solution is represented by the Liquor Sodae Chlorinatae below, and by the Liquor Potassae Chlorinatae, which see under Potassa Chlorinata.

_*Liquor Sodae Chlorinatae (Liq. Sod. Chlorinat.), Solution of Chlorinated Soda, U.S.P._ (Labarraque's Solution).--Chlorine compounds of sodium containing not less than 2.5 per cent. available Cl.

=Soda cum Calce (Sod. c. Calc.), Soda with Lime, N.F.= (London Paste).--Sodium hydroxide and calcium oxide (each 50%).

ACTION AND USES: Caustic.

=Sodii Acetas (Sod. Acet.), Sodium Acetate, U.S.P.=--NaC{2}H{3}O{2} + 3H{2}O.

Colorless crystals or granular powder, odorless or nearly odorless, and having a cooling, saline taste. Very soluble in water (1:0.8) and soluble in alcohol (1:19).

ACTION AND USES: Practically identical with those of Potassii Acetas, which see.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).

=Sodii Arsenas (Sod. Arsen.), Sodium Arsenate, U.S.P.= (Arsenas Sodii, P.I.).--Na{2}HAsO{4} + 7H{2}O.

Colorless, odorless crystals, efflorescent in dry air, and somewhat deliquescent in moist air. Freely soluble in water (1:1.5) and slightly soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Has the same general action and uses as arsenic trioxide, but is less active.

DOSAGE: 0.005 Gm. or 1/12 grain (U.S.P.). Usually given in the form of solution or pill.

_Sodii Arsenas Exsiccatus (Sod. Arsen. Exsic.), Exsiccated Sodium Arsenate, U.S.P._--Na{2}HAsO{4}.

White, odorless, amorphous powder. Freely soluble in water (1:3.1), but only slightly soluble in alcohol.

DOSAGE: 0.003 Gm. or 1/20 grain (U.S.P.).

_Liquor Sodii Arsenatis (Liq. Sod. Arsen.), Solution of Sodium Arsenate, U.S.P._--Exsiccated sodium arsenate (about 1%) in water.

USES: No advantage over other arsenicals.

DOSAGE: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (U.S.P.).

_Liquor Sodii Arsenatis, Pearson (Liq. Sod. Arsen. Pearson), Pearson's Solution of Sodium Arsenate, N.F._ (Liquor Arsenicalis Pearsonii).--Exsiccated sodium arsenate (0.1%) in water. Should not be confounded with Liquor Sodii Arsenatis, U.S.P., which is ten times stronger.

USES: Superfluous arsenic preparation.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).

=*Sodii Benzoas (Sod. Benz.), Sodium Benzoate, U.S.P.=--Na(C{6}H{5}.COO).

White, odorless, sweetish powder. Freely soluble in water (1:1.8), and soluble in alcohol (1:61). Incompatible with mineral acids and ferric salts.

ACTION AND USES: Has the action of benzoic acid, but is less irritating. Mild antiseptic, practically non-toxic.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).

=Sodii Benzosulphinidum (Sod. Benzosulphin.), Sodium Benzosulphinide, U.S.P.= (Sodium-Saccharin, Soluble Saccharin).

Colorless crystals or white powder, odorless or nearly odorless, and having an intensely sweet taste. Freely soluble in water (1:1.2) and soluble in alcohol (1:50).

ACTION AND USES: Those of benzosulphinide (saccharin), but with the advantage of ready solubility.

DOSAGE: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (U.S.P.).

=*Sodii Bicarbonas (Sod. Bicarb.), Sodium Bicarbonate, U.S.P.= (Baking Soda).--NaHCO{3}.

A white, odorless powder, having a cooling, mildly alkaline taste. Decomposed by acids and converted by boiling into the normal carbonate. Soluble in water (1:10) and insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Used as a non-caustic alkali in conditions of acidosis, and to neutralize the acid of the gastric juice in hyperacidity and gastric ulcer. May be used intravenously in cases of extreme acidosis. Externally, used as a mild alkaline wash.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.). For intravenous injection a 6 per cent. solution sterilized by boiling and thus partly converted into the normal carbonate has been recommended. One thousand Cc. of such a solution may be injected, but great care must be taken that none of the liquid gets outside the veins lest necrosis of the tissues occur.

_Liquor Sodae et Menthae (Liq. Sod. et Menth.), Solution of Soda and Mint, N.F._ (Mistura Sodae et Menthae, N.F. III, Soda Mint).--Sodium bicarbonate (5%), aromatic spirit of ammonia (1%) and spearmint water.

USES: Antacid and carminative.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Sal Vichyanum Factitium (Sal Vichy. Fact.), Artificial Vichy Salt, N.F._--Potassium carbonate (3.85%), magnesium sulphate (8%), sodium chloride (7.7%) and sodium bicarbonate (84.6%).

USES: Alkaline saline cathartic.

_Sal Vichyanum Factitium Effervescens (Sal Vichy. Fact. Eff.), Effervescent Artificial Vichy Salt, N.F._ (Pulvis Salis Vichyani Factitii Effervescens, N.F. III).--Artificial vichy salt (25%) in a mixture of sodium bicarbonate (48.5%), tartaric acid (16.45%) and citric acid (yielding sodium citrate and tartrate).

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).

_Sal Vichyanum Factitium Effervescens cum Lithio (Sal Vichy. Fact. Eff. c. Lith.), Effervescent Artificial Vichy Salt with Lithium, N.F._ (Pulvis Salis Vichyani Factitii Effervescens cum Lithio, N.F. III).--Artificial vichy salt (25%), lithium citrate (8.33%) in a mixture of sodium bicarbonate (44.14%), tartaric acid (12.54%) and citric acid (yielding sodium tartrate and citrate).

USES: Irrational laxative mixture. The lithium serves no useful purpose.

DOSAGE: 6 Gm. or 1-1/2 drachms (N.F.).

_Trochisci Sodii Bicarbonatis (Troch. Sod. Bicarb.), Troches of Sodium Bicarbonate, U.S.P._--Each troche contains sodium bicarbonate (0.18 Gm.) with sugar, nutmeg and mucilage of tragacanth.

=*Sodii Boras (Sod. Bor.), Sodium Borate, U.S.P.= (Borax, Sodium Tetraborate, Sodium Pyroborate).--Na{2}B{4}O{7} + 10H{2}O.

Colorless crystals or white powder, odorless and having a sweetish, alkaline taste. Soluble in water (1:15) and insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Antiseptic detergent and alkaline. Used in the form of solution as a wash both externally and in the body cavities. Seldom used internally.

DOSAGE: 0.75 Gm. or 12 grains (U.S.P.).

_Liquor Sodii Boratis Compositus (Liq. Sod. Bor. Co.), Compound Solution of Sodium Borate, N.F._ (Dobell's Solution).--Sodium borate and sodium bicarbonate (each 1.5%) and liquefied phenol (0.3%) in glycerin and water.

USES: Mild antiseptic.

_Mel Rosae et Sodii Boratis (Mel Ros. et Sod. Bor.), Honey of Rose and Sodium Borate, N.F._ (Honey of Rose with Borax).--Sodium borate (10%), glycerin and honey of rose.

USES: Alkaline demulcent.

_Mel Sodii Boratis (Mel Sod. Bor.), Honey of Sodium Borate, N.F._ (Mel Boracis, Honey and Borax).--Sodium borate (10%) in glycerin and clarified honey.

USES: Alkaline demulcent

=Sodii Boro-Benzoas (Sod. Boro-Benz.), Sodium Boro-Benzoate, N.F.=--Sodium borate (43%) and sodium benzoate (57%).

ACTION AND USES: Feeble alkaline antiseptic.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (N.F.)

=*Sodii Bromidum (Sod. Brom.), Sodium Bromide, U.S.P.=--NaBr.

White, odorless crystals or powder, having a saline taste. Freely soluble in water (1:1.1) and soluble in alcohol (1:16).

ACTION AND USES: Used as a nerve sedative and cerebral depressant. Practically identical with potassium bromide in action and uses, but somewhat less irritating.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).

_Elixir Sodii Bromidi (Elix. Sod. Brom.), Elixir of Sodium Bromide, N.F._--Sodium bromide (1.75%) in syrup, water and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 7.5 per cent.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.)

=*Sodii Cacodylas (Sod. Cacodyl.), Sodium Cacodylate, U.S.P.=--Sodium dimethylarsenate.

White, odorless, deliquescent crystals or powder. Very soluble in water (1:0.5) and freely soluble in alcohol (1:2.5).

ACTION AND USES: Is slowly decomposed in the tissues into trivalent arsenic. The action is thus more gradual and less toxic than that of other arsenic compounds. Produces garlic breath. Used especially by hypodermic injection, in anemias, etc.

DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.)

=*Sodii Carbonas Monohydratus (Sod. Carb. Monohyd.), Monohydrated Sodium Carbonate, U.S.P.=--Na{2}CO{3} + H{2}O.

White, odorless, granular powder having a strongly alkaline taste. Freely soluble in water (1:3) and insoluble in alcohol. Incompatible with acids and acid salts and with the salts of the heavy metals and alkaloids.

ACTION AND USES: Antacid and detergent; employed in medicine chiefly in the preparation of alkaline baths.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.)

=*Sodii Chloridum (Sod. Chlorid.), Sodium Chloride, U.S.P.=--NaCl.

Colorless crystals or white powder, odorless, and having a saline taste. Freely soluble in water (1:2.8), and only slightly soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Used for preparing physiologic salt solution. Given by mouth in large doses, is emetic and in proper dilutions, laxative. Excessive use as a seasoning for foods is particularly harmful in nephritis.

DOSAGE: Emetic, 15 Gm. or 4 drachms (U.S.P.).

_Liquor Sodii Chloridi Physiologicus (Liq. Sod. Chlor. Physio.), Physiological Solution of Sodium Chloride, U.S.P._ (Physiological Salt Solution, Normal Salt Solution).--Sodium chloride (0.85%) in water.

USES: An indifferent vehicle, used especially for intravenous injections.

_Sal Kissingense Factitium (Sal Kissingen. Fact.), Artificial Kissingen Salt, N.F._--Potassium chloride (2.8%), sodium chloride (59.4%), magnesium sulphate (20%), sodium bicarbonate (17.8%).

USES: Alkaline saline cathartic.

_Sal Kissingense Factitium Effervescens (Sal Kissingen. Fact. Eff.), Effervescent Artificial Kissingen Salt, N.F. _(Pulvis Salis Kissingensis Factitii Effervescens, N.F. III).--Artificial Kissingen salt (40%), sodium bicarbonate (40.6%), tartaric acid (9.4%) and citric acid (yielding sodium tartrate and citrate).

DOSAGE: 5.5 Gm. or 80 grains (N.F.)

=Sodii Citras (Sod. Cit.), Sodium Citrate, U.S.P.=--The hydrated salt.

White, odorless granular powder or small crystals, having a cooling saline taste. Freely soluble in water (1:1.3); insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Similar to those of potassium citrate.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains.

_Liquor Sodii Citratis (Liq. Sod. Cit.), Solution of Sodium Citrate, N.F._ (Mistura Sodii Citratis, Potio Rivierii).--Sodium citrate (3.5%) in water.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Liquor Sodii Citro-Tartratis Effervescens (Liq. Sod. Citro-Tart. Eff.), Effervescent Solution of Sodium Citro-Tartrate, N.F._--Sodium tartrate (about 8%) with syrup of citric acid (about 12%) and water.

DOSAGE: The contents of one bottle, about 350 Cc. or nearly 12 fluidounces (N.F.)

=Sodii Cyanidum (Sod. Cyanid.), Sodium Cyanide, U.S.P.=--NaCN.

White masses or powder, odorless when perfectly dry; deliquescent in the air and exhaling the odor of hydrocyanic acid. Freely soluble in cold water.

ACTION AND USES: Sodium cyanide replaces potassium cyanide, U.S.P. VIII. The alkaline cyanides are rarely administered internally, but their use in solution has been suggested as a substitute for diluted hydrocyanic acid

=Sodii Glycerophosphas (Sod. Glycerophos.), Sodium Glycerophosphate, U.S.P.= (Sodium Glycerinophosphate).--Hydrated sodium glycerophosphate. Represents not less than 68 per cent. of the anhydrous salt.