Part 16

ACTION AND USES: Has the action of other quinine salts; frequently preferred to the sulphate, because neutral and more soluble.

DOSAGE: Tonic, 0.1 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains (U.S.P.); antimalarial, at least 1 Gm. or 15 grains daily (U.S.P.).

_Syrupus Phosphatum cum Quinina et Strychnina (Syr. Phosphat. c. Quin. et Strych.), Syrup of Phosphates with Quinine and Strychnine, N.F._ (Syrupus Hydrochlorophosphatum, N.F. III, Compound Syrup of Hydrochlorophosphates).--Quinine hydrochloride (0.44%), strychnine nitrate (0.014%), compound solution of phosphates (50%) in glycerin and syrup.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)

=Quininae Hypophosphis (Quin. Hypophos.), Quinine Hypophosphite, N.F.=

Fine, white, odorless crystals, with a very bitter taste.

ACTION AND USES: Superfluous quinine salt.

DOSAGE: Tonic, 0.1 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains (N.F.); antimalarial, 1 Gm. or 15 grains daily (N.F.)

=Quininae Salicylas (Quin. Salicyl.), Quinine Salicylate, U.S.P.=

Colorless (often becoming pinkish), odorless, bitter needles. Soluble in alcohol (1:14) and in glycerin (1:13). Only slightly soluble in water.

ACTION AND USES: Superfluous; see Quininae Hydrochloridum. The quantity of salicylate in a dose is usually too small to be effective.

DOSAGE: Tonic, 0.1 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains (U.S.P.); antimalarial, at least 1 Gm. or 15 grains daily (U.S.P.)

=*Quininae Sulphas (Quin. Sulph.), Quinine Sulphate, U.S.P.=

White, odorless, very bitter, efflorescent crystals. Slightly soluble in water (1:725) and in alcohol (1:107).

ACTION AND USES: The most commonly used quinine salt but inferior to the hydrochloride, the dihydrochloride and quinine and urea hydrochloride where a soluble salt is desired, and to the alkaloid or the tannate where an insoluble one is needed.

DOSAGE: Tonic, 0.1 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains (U.S.P.); antimalarial, at least 1 Gm. or 15 grains daily (U.S.P.).

_Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum (Elix. Cinchon. Alk.), Elixir of Cinchona Alkaloids, N.F. (Elixir Cinchonae, N.F._ III, Elixir Calisaya, Alkaloidal).--Quinine sulphate (0.2%), cinchonidine sulphate (0.1%), cinchonine sulphate (0.1%), compound tincture of cudbear and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 21 per cent.

USES: Imitation of cinchona, minus the tannin. No advantage over quinine.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum et Hypophosphitum (Elix. Cinchon. et Hypophos.), Elixir of Cinchona Alkaloids and Hypophosphites, N.F._ (Elixir Cinchonae et Hypophosphitum, N.F. III, Elixir of Calisaya, Alkaloidal, with Hypophosphites).--Calcium hypophosphite and sodium hypophosphite (each 1.75%), elixir of cinchona alkaloids (about 85%), hypophosphorous acid and water. Absolute alcohol content about 18 per cent.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Elixir Cinchonae Alkaloidorum, Ferri et Calcii Lactophosphatis._--See under Calcii Lactophosphas.

_Pilulae Antiperiodicae (Pil. Antiperiod.), Antiperiodic Pills, N.F._ (Warburg's Pills).--Each pill contains quinine sulphate (0.09 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains), extract of aloes (0.065 Gm. or 1 grain) and rhubarb (0.032 Gm. or 1/2 grain) with angelica fruit, elecampane, saffron, fennel, zedoary, cubeb, myrrh, agaric, camphor and extract of gentian.

DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).

_Pilulae Antiperiodicae sine Aloe (Pil. Antiperiod. s. Aloe), Antiperiodic Pills without Aloes, N.F._ (Warburg's Pills without Aloes).--Each pill contains quinine sulphate (0.09 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains), rhubarb (0.032 Gm. or 1/2 grain) with angelica fruit, elecampane, saffron, fennel, zedoary, cubeb, myrrh, agaric, camphor and extract of gentian.

DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).

=*Quininae Tannas (Quin. Tann.), Quinine Tannate, U.S.P.=

Pale yellow, or yellowish-white, odorless and tasteless, or nearly tasteless powder. Only very slightly soluble in water. Somewhat more soluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Used where comparatively tasteless preparations are wanted.

DOSAGE: 0.2 Gm. or 3 grains (U.S.P.); sometimes administered with chocolate or sugar.

_Trochisci Quininae Tannatis (Troch. Quin. Tan.), Troches of Quinine Tannate, N.F._--Each troche contains quinine tannate (0.06 Gm. or 1 grain) with tragacanth, oil of theobroma, cocoa, sugar and sodium benzosulphinide.

DOSAGE: 1 troche (N.F.)

=Quininae Valeras (Quin. Valer.), Quinine Valerate, N.F.=

White, lustrous crystals, with a valerian-like odor and an intensely bitter taste.

ACTION AND USES: Those of quinine and valerates, but disagreeable and superfluous.

DOSAGE: Tonic, 0.1 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains (N.F.); antimalarial, 1 Gm. or 15 grains daily (N.F.).

_Elixir Quininae Valeratis et Strychninae (Elix. Quin. Valer. et Strych.), Elixir of Quinine Valerate and Strychnine, N.F._ (Elixir Quininae Valerianatis et Strychninae, N.F. III).--Quinine valerate (1.75%), strychnine sulphate (0.0175%), compound tincture of cudbear, distilled water and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 22 per cent.

USES: Irrational "tonic" mixture.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=Renninum (Rennin.), Rennin, N.F.=--Milk-curdling enzyme from the stomach of the calf.

Grayish-white or yellowish-white powder or yellowish grains or scales, with a characteristic, slightly saline taste and a peculiar odor. Slowly soluble in water and in diluted alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: For making wheys and junkets

=Resina (Resin.), Rosin, U.S.P.= (Colophony).--The residue left after distilling the volatile oil from turpentine (the oleoresin).

ACTION AND USES: Used in the preparation of ointments and plasters. Rubefacient.

_Ceratum Resinae (Cerat. Res.), Rosin Cerate, U.S.P._ (Basilicon Ointment).--Rosin, yellow wax and lard.

_Ceratum Resinae Compositum (Cerat. Resin. Co.), Compound Rosin Cerate, N.F._ (Deshler's Salve).--Rosin, yellow wax, prepared suet, turpentine and linseed oil.

_Emplastrum Elasticum (Emp. Elast.), Rubber Plaster, U.S.P._ (Rubber Adhesive Plaster).--A mixture of rubber, resins, and waxes, with a filler of an absorbent powder.

_Emplastrum Resinae (Emp. Res.), Rosin Plaster, U.S.P._ (Rosin Adhesive Plaster, Adhesive Plaster).--Rosin, lead plaster and yellow wax.

=RESINAE, RESINS.=--Resins are the residues obtained by distilling the volatile oil from oleoresins or the precipitates obtained from solutions of resins in alcohol by the addition of water. For the official resins see under the names of the principal constituents.

=*Resorcinol (Resorcin.), Resorcinol, U.S.P.= (Resorcin).--Metadihydroxybenzene.

Colorless or nearly colorless crystals or powder with a faint, peculiar odor and a taste at first sweetish, afterward bitter. Very soluble in water (1:0.9) and in alcohol (1:0.9).

ACTION AND USES: Irritant, antiseptic; used internally in gastric fermentation; externally in skin diseases.

DOSAGE: 0.125 Gm. or 2 grains (U.S.P.).

_Pasta Resorcinolis Fortis (Past. Resorcin. Fort.), Strong Resorcinol Paste, N.F._ (Lassar's Stronger Resorcinol Paste).--Resorcinol (20%), zinc oxide (20%), starch and light liquid petrolatum.

_Pasta Resorcinolis Mitis (Past. Resorcin. Mit.), Mild Resorcinol Paste, N.F._ (Lassar's Mild Resorcinol Paste).--Resorcinol (10%), zinc oxide (25%), starch and liquid petrolatum.

_Unguentum Resorcinolis Compositus (Ung. Resorcin. Co.), Compound Resorcinol Ointment, N.F._--Resorcinol, zinc oxide, bismuth subnitrate and rectified oil of birch tar (each 6%), in yellow wax, petrolatum, anhydrous wool fat and glycerin.

USES: Complex antiseptic ointment.

=Rhamnus Cathartica (Rhamn. Cath.), Rhamnus Cathartica, N.F.= (Buckthorn Berries, Baccae Spinae Cervinae).--Ripe fruit.

ACTION AND USES: Superfluous hydragogue cathartic.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Rhamni Catharticae (Fldext. Rham. Cathart.), Fluidextract of Rhamnus Cathartica, N.F._--Rhamnus cathartica (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).

_Syrupus Rhamni Catharticae (Syr. Rham. Cathart.), Syrup of Rhamnus Cathartica, N.F._ (Syrup of Buckthorn Berries, Syrupus Spinae Cervinae).--Fluidextract of rhamnus cathartica (20%), oil of fennel and oil of cinnamon, in syrup. Absolute alcohol content about 8 per cent.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

=*Rheum (Rheum), Rhubarb, U.S.P.=--Rhizome and root.

ACTION AND USES: Efficient and pleasant laxative, its action resembling cascara. It is, however, also somewhat astringent. Used especially in the form of aromatic tincture and aromatic syrup.

The official preparations of rhubarb are needlessly numerous, those that are starred being quite sufficient. Many of the official mixtures and pills are unnecessarily complex.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).

_*Extractum Rhei (Ext. Rhei), Extract of Rhubarb, U.S.P._ (Powdered Extract of Rhubarb).--One Gm. extract represents 2 Gm. rhubarb.

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).

_Fluidextractum Rhei (Fldext. Rhei), Fluidextract of Rhubarb, U.S.P._--Rhubarb (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).

_Fluidglyceratum Rhei (Fldglycer. Rhei), Fluidglycerate of Rhubarb, N.F._--Rhubarb (100%) in water and glycerin.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).

_Mistura Rhei Alkalina (Mist. Rhei Alk.), Alkaline Mixture of Rhubarb, N.F._ (Syrupus Rhei et Potassii Compositus, N.F. III, Neutralizing Cordial).--Fluidextract of rhubarb (1.6%), fluidextract of hydrastis (0.8%), and potassium carbonate (1.6%) with tincture of cinnamon, spirit of peppermint in syrup and diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 37 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Mistura Rhei Composita (Mist. Rhei Co.), Compound Mixture of Rhubarb, N.F._ (Mistura Rhei et Sodae, U.S.P. VIII, Mixture of Rhubarb and Soda).--Fluidextract of rhubarb (1.5%), fluidextract of ipecac (0.3%), sodium bicarbonate (3.5%), glycerin and spirit of peppermint in water. Absolute alcohol content about 4 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm.

_Pilulae Rhei (Pil. Rhei), Pills of Rhubarb, N.F._--Each pill contains rhubarb (0.2 Gm. or 3 grains) with soap.

DOSAGE: 1 pill (N.F.).

_Pilulae Rhei Compositae (Pil. Rhei Co.), Compound Pills of Rhubarb, U.S.P._--Each pill contains rhubarb (0.13 Gm. or 2 grains) and aloes (0.1 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains) with myrrh and oil of peppermint.

DOSAGE: 2 pills (U.S.P.).

_Pulvis Rhei Compositus (Pulv. Rhei Co.), Compound Powder of Rhubarb, U.S.P._ (Gregory's Powder).--Rhubarb (25%), Jamaica ginger (10%) and magnesium oxide.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).

_Pulvis Rhei et Magnesiae Anisatus (Pulv. Rhei et Magnes. Anis.), Anisated Powder of Rhubarb and Magnesia, N.F._ (Compound Anise Powder).--Rhubarb (35%), anethol and heavy magnesium oxide.

USES: Mild cathartic.

DOSAGE: For infants, 0.3 Gm. or 5 grains (N.F.).

_Syrupus Rhei (Syr. Rhei), Syrup of Rhubarb, U.S.P._--Fluidextract of rhubarb (10%), spirit of cinnamon and potassium carbonate in water and syrup.

DOSAGE: 10 Cc. or 2-1/2 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).

_*Syrupus Rhei Aromaticus (Syr. Rhei Arom.), Aromatic Syrup of Rhubarb, U.S.P._ (Spiced Syrup of Rhubarb).--Aromatic tincture of rhubarb (15%) and potassium carbonate in syrup.

DOSAGE: 10 Cc. or 2-1/2 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).

_Tinctura Rhei (Tr. Rhei), Tincture of Rhubarb, U.S.P._--Rhubarb (20%) and cardamom seed, in glycerin, alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 46 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).

_Tinctura Rhei Aquosa (Tr. Rhei. Aq.), Aqueous Tincture of Rhubarb, N.F._--Rhubarb (10%) and potassium carbonate in cinnamon water, alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 10 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_*Tinctura Rhei Aromatica (Tr. Rhei Arom.), Aromatic Tincture of Rhubarb, U.S.P._--Rhubarb (20%), Saigon cinnamon, clove and nutmeg in glycerin, alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 46 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).

_Tinctura Rhei Dulcis (Tr. Rhei Dulc.), Sweet Tincture of Rhubarb, N.F._--Rhubarb (10%), glycyrrhiza, anise and cardamom seed in glycerin, diluted alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 45 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).

_Tinctura Rhei et Gentianae (Tr. Rhei et Gent.), Tincture of Rhubarb and Gentian, N.F._--Rhubarb (7%) and gentian (1.75%) in diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 45 per cent.

USES: Stomachic and laxative.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Vinum Rhei Compositum (Vin. Rhei Co.), Compound Wine of Rhubarb, N.F._ (Tinctura Rhei Vinosa, N.F. III).--Fluidextract of rhubarb (8%), fluidextract of bitter orange peel, tincture of cardamom in sugar and sherry wine. Absolute alcohol content about 25 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)

=Rhus Glabra (Rhus Glab.), Rhus Glabra, N.F.= (Sumac Berries).

ACTION AND USES: Tannin-bearing astringent; without advantage over krameria, etc.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Rhois Glabrae (Fldext. Rhois Glab.), Fluidextract of Rhus Glabra, N.F._--Rhus glabra (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.)

=*Rosa, Rose= (Cabbage Rose, _Rosa centifolia_).

ACTION AND USES: The preparations are used for flavoring.

_*Aqua Rosae (Aq. Ros.), Rose Water, U.S.P._--A mixture of stronger rose water with distilled water.

_Aqua Rosae Fortior (Aq. Ros. Fort.), Stronger Rose Water, U.S.P._--Prepared by distilling fresh cabbage roses with water.

_Confectio Rosae (Confect. Ros.), Confection of Rose, N.F._--Red rose, sugar, clarified honey and stronger rose water.

_Unguentum Aquae Rosae (Ung. Aq. Ros.), Ointment of Rose Water, U.S.P._ (Cold Cream).--Sodium borate (0.5%), spermaceti, white wax, expressed oil of almond, and stronger rose water.

USES: Emollient

=Rosa Gallica (Rosa Gall.), Red Rose, U.S.P.=--Petals.

ACTION AND USES: Mildly astringent but used chiefly as a flavoring agent in the confection of rose; antiquated.

_Fluidextractum Rosae (Fldext. Rosae), Fluidextract of Rose, U.S.P._--Red rose (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).

_Infusum Rosae Compositum (Inf. Ros. Co.), Compound Infusion of Rose, N.F._--Red rose (1.3%) with diluted sulphuric acid and sugar in water.

DOSAGE: 100 Cc. or 3 fluidounces (N.F.).

_Syrupus Rosae (Syr. Ros.), Syrup of Rose, N.F._--Fluidextract of rose and diluted sulphuric acid in syrup.

=Rubi Fructus (Rubi Fructus), Blackberries, N.F.=

ACTION AND USES: Flavor.

_Cordiale Rubi Fructus (Cord. Rubi Fruct.), Blackberry Cordial, N.F._--Blackberry syrup (about 75%) and diluted alcohol (about 25%), with cinnamon, cloves and nutmeg. Absolute alcohol content about 12 per cent.

USES: Used as carminative in summer diarrhea. Not very efficient.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Syrupus Rubi Fructi (Syr. Rubi Fruct.), Syrup of Blackberry Fruit, N.F._--Juice of ripe blackberries in sugar.

USES: Flavoring vehicle

=Rubi Idaei Fructus (Rubi Idaei Fructus), Raspberries, N.F.=

ACTION AND USES: Flavoring.

_Syrupus Rubi Idaei (Syr. Rubi Id.), Syrup of Raspberry, N.F._--Juice of ripe raspberries in sugar.

=Rubus (Rubus), Rubus, N.F.= (Blackberry Bark).--Bark of the rhizome.

ACTION AND USES: Tannin-bearing astringent without advantage over krameria, etc.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).

_Elixir Rubi Compositum (Elix. Rubi Co.), Compound Elixir of Blackberry, N.F._--Rubus (1.6%), nutgall (1.6%), Saigon cinnamon, clove, mace, ginger, syrup of blackberry and diluted alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 10 per cent.

USES: Used in "summer complaint."

DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Rubi (Fldext. Rubi), Fluidextract of Rubus, N.F._--Rubus (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).

_Syrupus Rubi (Syr. Rubi), Syrup of Rubus, N.F._--Fluidextract of rubus (25%) in syrup.

USES: Intestinal astringent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)

=Rumex (Rumex), Rumex, N.F.= (Yellow Dock, Curled Dock).--Roots.

ACTION AND USES: Obsolete, unreliable and generally worthless "alterative and tonic"; mildly laxative.

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Rumicis (Fldext. Rumic.), Fluidextract of Rumex, N.F._--Rumex (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)

=Sabal (Sabal), Sabal, U.S.P.= (Saw Palmetto Berries).--The partially dried ripe fruit.

ACTION AND USES: Widely exploited as a stimulant of the mucous membrane of the genito-urinary tract. Probably inferior to santal oil.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).

_Fluidextractum Sabal (Fldext. Sabal), Fluidextract of Sabal, U.S.P._ (Fluidextract of Saw Palmetto).--Sabal (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 70 per cent.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).

_Tinctura Sabal et Santali (Tr. Sabal et Santal.), Tincture of Saw Palmetto and Santal, N.F._--Sabal (20%) and sandalwood (6.5%) in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 75 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.)

=*Saccharum (Sacch.), Sugar, U.S.P.= (Sucrose).--Obtained from the sugar-cane, the sugar-beet, etc.

White, odorless crystals or powder with a sweet taste.

ACTION AND USES: Sweetening agent in official syrups and other preparations.

_*Syrupus (Syrupus), Syrup, U.S.P._ (Sirup, Simple Syrup).--Sugar (85%) in water.

=*Saccharum Lactis (Sacch. Lact.), Sugar of Milk, U.S.P.= (Milk Sugar, Lactose).--Obtained from the whey of cow's milk.

White, hard, odorless crystalline masses or powder, with a faintly sweet taste.

ACTION AND USES: Less sweet than cane sugar and less liable to ferment; slightly laxative and diuretic; frequently used to modify cow's milk in the feeding of infants

=SALES EFFERVESCENTES, GRANULAR EFFERVESCENT SALTS.=--Effervescent salts are mixtures of active constituents with sodium bicarbonate, citric acid and tartaric acid. They are usually directed to be produced and dispensed in coarse granules. Their advantage over other methods of administering active ingredients is rather doubtful. For effervescent salts included in the Pharmacopeia and in the National Formulary, see under the names of the active ingredients. For Sal Carolinum Factitium and Sal Carolinum Factitium Effervescens, see under =Sodii Sulphas=; for Sal Kissingense Factitium and Sal Kissingense Factitium Effervescens, see under =Sodii Chloridum=; for Sal Vichyanum Factitium, Sal Vichyanum Factitium Effervescens and Sal Vichyanum Factitium Effervescens cum Lithio, see under =Sodii Bicarbonas=.

=Salicinum (Salicin.), Salicin, U.S.P.=--A glucoside obtained from certain species of willows and poplars.

White powder, odorless and having a very bitter taste.

ACTION AND USES: Partially decomposed in the stomach and intestines and finally oxidized in the body into salicylic acid. Less irritant to the mucous membranes than the salicylates but also less certain in its action, and has been practically superseded by the latter.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.)

=Sambucus (Sambuc.), Sambucus, N.F.= (Elder Flowers).

ACTION AND USES: Obsolete and worthless remedy in dropsy. Large doses are said to act like a hydragogue cathartic.

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (N.F.).

=Sanguinaria (Sanguin.), Sanguinaria, U.S.P.= (Blood Root).--Rhizome and roots.

ACTION AND USES: Irritant and narcotic; unreliable; expectorant in small doses and nauseant in large doses, which may produce serious secondary symptoms.

DOSAGE: 0.125 Gm. or 2 grains (U.S.P.).

_Fluidextractum Sanguinariae (Fldext. Sanguin.), Fluidextract of Sanguinaria, N.F._--Sanguinaria (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 60 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.1 Cc. or 1-1/2 minims (N.F.).

_Syrupus Sanguinariae (Syr. Sanguinar.), Syrup of Sanguinaria, N.F._ (Syrup of Bloodroot).--Sanguinaria (22.5%) and acetic acid in syrup.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).

_Tinctura Sanguinariae (Tr. Sanguin.), Tincture of Sanguinaria, U.S.P._ (Tincture of Bloodroot).--Sanguinaria (10%) and hydrochloric acid (1%) in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 56 per cent.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.)

=Santalum Album (Santal. Alb.), Sandal Wood, N.F.= (White Sandal Wood).--Heartwood.

ACTION AND USES: Similar to those of =Oleum Santali=, which see

=Santalum Rubrum (Santal. Rub.), Red Saunders, U.S.P.=--Heartwood.

ACTION AND USES: Used as a coloring agent

=*Santoninum (Santonin.), Santonin, U.S.P.=--Anhydride or lactone of santonic acid, obtained from Levant wormseed.

Colorless crystals or powder, becoming yellow on exposure to light, odorless and at first nearly tasteless, afterward becoming bitter.

ACTION AND USES: Used for its poisonous action on intestinal parasites, especially ascaris. When absorbed in sufficient amounts it produces yellow vision and epileptiform convulsions.

DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.) in powder or capsules.

_Trochisci Santonini (Troch. Santonin.), Troches of Santonin, N.F._--Each troche contains santonin (0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain), with tragacanth, sugar, cocoa and vanillin.

USES: Anthelmintic. Objectionable since their resemblance to candy may lead to serious poisoning.

DOSAGE: 1 troche (N.F.).

_Trochisci Santonini Compositi (Troch. Santonin. Co.), Compound Troches of Santonin, N.F._ (Troches of Santonin and Calomel).--Each troche contains santonin and mild mercurous chloride (each 0.03 Gm. or 1/2 grain) with tragacanth, sugar, cocoa and vanillin.

USES: Anthelmintic; objectionable like Trochisci Santonini, which see above.

DOSAGE: 1 troche (N.F.)

=*Sapo (Sapo), Soap, U.S.P.= (White Castile Soap).--Soap prepared from olive oil and sodium hydroxide.

A white or whitish solid or powder, having a faint, peculiar odor and an alkaline taste.

ACTION AND USES: Used chiefly as a detergent and in solution as a vehicle for liniments. Also an ingredient of pills containing resinous drugs like aloes and scammony.

_Emplastrum Saponis (Emp. Sapon.), Soap Plaster, N.F._--Made from soap (10%) and lead plaster (90%).

_Linimentum Saponato-Camphoratum (Lin. Sapon.-Camph.), Camphorated Soap Liniment, N.F._ (Opodeldoc, Solid Opodeldoc).--Camphor (2.5%), ammonia water, sodium stearate, oil of thyme, oil of rosemary, alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 75 per cent.

_*Linimentum Saponis (Lin. Sapon.), Soap Liniment, U.S.P._ (Liquid Opodeldoc).--Soap (6%), camphor (4.5%) in oil of rosemary, alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 65 per cent.

USES: Mild rubefacient and vehicle for more active liniments

=*Sapo Mollis (Sapo Moll.), Soft Soap, U.S.P.=--Prepared from cottonseed oil and potassium hydroxide.

A soft, unctuous, yellowish-white to brownish-yellow mass, having a slight, characteristic odor and an alkaline taste.

ACTION AND USES: Dissolved in diluted alcohol, is employed in the preparation of various liniments, and as a detergent.

_Linimentum Saponis Mollis (Lin. Sapon. Moll.), Liniment of Soft Soap, U.S.P._ (Tincture of Green Soap).--Soft soap (65%) and oil of lavender in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 30 per cent.

_Linimentum Saponis Mollis Compositum (Lin. Sapon. Mol. Co.), Compound Liniment of Soft Soap, N.F._ (Tinctura Saponis Viridis Composita, N.F. III).--Soft soap (15%), oil of cade (2%) and alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 75 per cent.

=Sarsaparilla (Sarsap.), Sarsaparilla, U.S.P.= (Sarsaparilla Root).

ACTION AND USES: Formerly used in chronic rheumatism, skin diseases and syphilis; inefficient and therefore harmful; fortunately passing out of use.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).

_Decoctum Sarsaparillae Compositum (Decoc. Sarsap. Co.), Compound Decoction of Sarsaparilla, N.F._--Sarsaparilla (10%), guaiac wood (2%), mezereum (1%), sassafras, glycyrrhiza and water.

USES: Antiquated and useless "alterative."

DOSAGE: 120 Cc. or 4 fluidounces (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Sarsaparillae (Fldext. Sarsap.), Fluidextract of Sarsaparilla, U.S.P._--Sarsaparilla (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.