Part 15

ACTION AND USES: Similar to but without advantage over cubeb or turpentine. Used almost exclusively in proprietary medicines and imitations.

=Potassae Chlorinata, Chlorinated Potassa.=

_Liquor Potassae Chlorinatae (Liq. Pot. Chlorinat.), Solution of Chlorinated Potassa, N.F._ (Liquor Potassae Chlorate, Javelle Water).--Potassium carbonate (5.8%), chlorinated lime (8%) and water.

ACTION AND USES: Same as those of Liquor Sodae Chlorinatae, which see under =Soda Chlorinata=.

=Potassa Sulphurata (Pot. Sulphurat.), Sulphurated Potassa, U.S.P.= (Liver of Sulphur).--Chiefly potassium polysulphides and potassium thiosulphate.

Irregular pieces, at first liver-brown, later greenish-yellow to gray, with a strong hydrogen sulphide odor and a bitter, acrid, alkaline taste. Very soluble in water; alcohol dissolves only the sulphides. Incompatible with acids and the salts of the heavy metals.

ACTION AND USES: Employed as a parasiticide and to stimulate and soften the skin in chronic cutaneous diseases.

=*Potassii Acetas (Pot. Acet.), Potassium Acetate, U.S.P.=--KCH{3}COO.

White, odorless or nearly odorless powder or crystalline masses with a warming, saline taste. Freely soluble in water (1:0.5) and in alcohol (1:2.9).

ACTION AND USES: Systemic alkali and diuretic, practically equivalent to sodium acetate. It can easily be administered in water and milk, so that there appears to be little excuse for the alcoholic elixirs.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).

_Elixir Potassii Acetatis (Elix. Pot. Acet.), Elixir of Potassium Acetate, N.F._--Potassium acetate (8.5%), and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.

DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Elixir Potassii Acetatis et Juniperi (Elix. Pot. Acet. et Junip.), Elixir of Potassium Acetate and Juniper, N.F._--Potassium acetate (8.5%), fluidextract of juniper (12.5%) and aromatic elixir. Absolute alcohol content about 23 per cent.

DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (N.F.).

=Potassii Arsenas, Potassium Arsenate.=

_Liquor Arsenicalis Clemens (Liq. Ars. Clemens), Clemens' Solution of Arsenic, N.F._ (Liquor Potassi Arsenatis et Bromidi, N.F. III, Solution of Potassium Arsenate and Bromides).--Contains potassium arsenate corresponding to about 1 per cent. of arsenic trioxide, As{2}O{3}.

USES: A superfluous arsenic solution.

DOSAGE: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (N.F.).

=Potassii Arsenis, Potassium Arsenite.=

_*Liquor Potassii Arsenitis (Liq. Pot. Arsen.), Solution of Potassium Arsenite, U.S.P._ (Fowler's Solution, Liquor Arsenicalis, Liquor Arsenicalis Fowleri, P.I.).--Arsenic trioxide (1%) and potassium bicarbonate (2%) in compound tincture of lavender and water. Contains potassium arsenite corresponding to 1 per cent. of As{2}O{3}.

USES: The most frequently used inorganic arsenical preparation. It has an alkaline reaction and therefore tends to precipitate alkaloids.

DOSAGE: 0.2 Cc. or 3 minims (U.S.P.).

=*Potassii Bicarbonas (Pot. Bicarb.), Potassium Bicarbonate, U.S.P.=--KHCO{3}.

Colorless, transparent crystals or white, granular powder, odorless and having a saline, slightly alkaline taste. Freely soluble in water (1:2.8) and almost insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Mild alkali; similar to sodium bicarbonate, but without advantage over the latter.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).

_Liquor Antisepticus Alkalinus (Liq. Antisept. Alk.), Alkaline Antiseptic Solution, N.F._--Potassium bicarbonate (3.2%), sodium borate (3.2%) and sodium benzoate (0.8%) with thymol, eucalyptol, oil of peppermint, methyl salicylate and cudbear in alcohol, glycerin and water.

USES: Of slight value as antiseptic, but a pleasant cleansing gargle.

=*Potassi Bitartras (Pot. Bitart.), Potassium Bitartrate, U.S.P.= (Cream of Tartar).

Colorless, slightly opaque crystals or white, somewhat gritty powder, odorless and having an acidulous taste. Only slightly soluble in water (1:155) and very slightly soluble in alcohol (1:8,820).

ACTION AND USES: Diuretic and aperient. Frequently administered in combination with jalap as a hydragogue cathartic. See _Pulvis Jalapae Compositus_ under =Jalapa=.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).

=*Potassii Bromidum (Pot. Brom.), Potassium Bromide, U.S.P.=--KBr.

White crystals or granular powder, odorless and having a strongly saline taste. Freely soluble in water (1:1.5); slightly soluble in alcohol (1:250).

ACTION AND USES: Nerve sedative; diminishes reflex excitability and depresses the motor area of the cortex. Similar to sodium bromide, but more likely to disturb digestion.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.); preferably administered by itself in simple dilute solutions; increased if necessary. Long-continued administration should be interrupted occasionally to prevent bromism and accumulation in the system.

_Elixir Potassii Bromidi (Elix. Pot. Brom.), Elixir of Potassium Bromide, N.F._--Potassium bromide (17.5%) in syrup, water and aromatic elixir; may be colored with compound tincture of cudbear. Absolute alcohol content about 7.5 per cent.

DOSAGE: 8 Cc. or 2 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Sal Potassii Bromidi Effervescens (Sal Pot. Brom. Eff.), Effervescent Salt of Potassium Bromide, N.F._ (Pulvis Potassii Bromidi Effervescens, N.F. III).--Potassium bromide (16.6%), sodium bicarbonate (53%), tartaric acid (20.4%) and citric acid, the last-named three yielding sodium citrate and sodium carbonate.

DOSAGE: 6 Gm. or 1-1/2 drachms.

_Sal Potassii Bromidi Effervescens Compositus (Sal Pot. Brom. Eff. Co.), Compound Effervescent Salt of Potassium Bromide, N.F._ (Pulvis Potassii Bromidi Effervescens cum Caffeina, N.F. III, Effervescent Potassium Bromide with Caffeine).--Caffeine (0.8%) and potassium bromide (8.3%) in a mixture of sodium bicarbonate (58.7%), lithium carbonate (4.2%), tartaric acid (18%) and citric acid. (Yielding citrate and tartrate of lithium and sodium.)

USES: "Headache" mixture; generally undesirable.

DOSAGE: 6 Gm. or 1-1/2 drachms (N.F.).

_Syrupus Bromidorum (Syr. Bromidor.), Syrup of the Bromides, N.F._--Potassium bromide and sodium bromide (each 8%), ammonium bromide (5%), calcium bromide (2.5%), lithium bromide (0.8%) flavored with tincture of vanilla and colored with compound tincture of cudbear in compound syrup of sarsaparilla and syrup.

USES: It is very improbable that this complex mixture has any advantage over a simple bromide.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=*Potassii Carbonas (Pot. Carb.), Potassium Carbonate, U.S.P.=--K{2}CO{3}. (A hydrated form is sold as salt of tartar).

White, odorless, deliquescent granular powder with a strongly alkaline taste. Very soluble in water (1:0.9), but insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Strongly alkaline and caustic; very dilute solutions sometimes used as antacid.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).

=*Potassii Chloras (Pot. Chloras), Potassium Chlorate, U.S.P.=--KClO{3}.

Colorless, lustrous crystals or white, granular powder, odorless and having a saline taste. Soluble in water (1:11.5) and almost insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Used as mouthwash and gargles in stomatitis, etc. Large doses are actively poisonous, causing disintegration of the blood corpuscles. Has been used in the form of gargle and troches for sore throat (swallowing the latter may be dangerous).

DOSAGE: 0.25 Gm. or 4 grains (U.S.P.).

_Trochisci Potassii Chloratis (Troch. Pot. Chlorat.), Troches of Potassium Chlorate, U.S.P._--Each troche contains potassium chlorate (0.15 Gm. or 2-1/2 grains) with sugar and tragacanth.

=Potassii Chloridum (Pot. Chlorid.), Potassium Chloride, N.F.=--KCl.

Colorless crystals or white powder, odorless and having a saline taste. Freely soluble in water (1:2.8) and insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Has been recommended for use as table salt in place of sodium chloride, in cases in which the absorption of salt was thought to be undesirable. Its value is not established.

=*Potassii Citras (Pot. Cit.), Potassium Citrate, U.S.P.=

Transparent crystals or white, granular powder; odorless and having a cooling saline taste. Very soluble in water (1:0.6) and almost insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Systemic alkali and diuretic like potassium acetate, but more laxative.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.).

_*Potassii Citras Effervescens (Pot. Cit. Eff.), Effervescent Potassium Citrate, U.S.P._--An effervescent mixture representing potassium citrate (20%), sodium citrate (27.55%) and sodium tartrate (38.7%).

DOSAGE: 4 Gm. or 1 drachm (U.S.P.).

_Liquor Potassii Citratis (Liq. Pot. Cit.), Solution of Potassium Citrate, U.S.P._--Potassium citrate (8%) in water.

DOSAGE: 15 Cc. or 4 fluidrachms (U.S.P.).

=*Potassii et Sodii Tartras (Pot. et Sod. Tart.), Potassium and Sodium Tartrate, U.S.P.= (Rochelle Salt).

Transparent crystals or white powder, odorless and having a cooling, saline taste. Very soluble in water (1:0.9).

ACTION AND USES: Saline cathartic, of relatively unobjectionable taste.

DOSAGE: 10 Gm. or 2-1/2 drachms (U.S.P.) in water.

_*Pulvis Effervescens Compositus (Pulv. Eff. Co.), Compound Effervescing Powder, U.S.P._ (Seidlitz Powder).--The blue paper contains sodium bicarbonate (2.5 Gm.) and potassium and sodium tartrate (7.5 Gm.). The white paper contains tartaric acid (2.16 Gm.).

DOSAGE: 1 set of two powders (U.S.P.).

=*Potassii Hydroxidum (Pot. Hydrox.), Potassium Hydroxide, U.S.P.= (Caustic Potash, Potassium Hydrate).--KOH (not less than 85%).

Dry white or nearly white, odorless, deliquescent, hard and brittle flakes, masses or sticks. Very soluble in water (1:0.9) and freely soluble in alcohol (1:3).

ACTION AND USES: Internally, an antacid, but objectionable for it is more irritant than the bicarbonate and without advantage over the latter. Externally, caustic and solvent, but too diffluent.

_*Liquor Potassii Hydroxidi (Liq. Pot. Hydrox.), Solution of Potassium Hydroxide, U.S.P._ (Liquor Potassae, Solution of Potassa).--KOH (not less than 4.5%).

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (U.S.P.).

_Potassa cum Calce (Pot. c. Calc.), Potassa with Lime, N.F._--Potassium hydroxide (50%) and calcium oxide.

USES: Caustic.

=Potassii Hypophosphis (Pot. Hypophos.), Potassium Hypophosphite, U.S.P.=--KH{2}PO{2}. (Caution should be observed in handling this product to avoid explosion.)

White, opaque deliquescent plates, crystalline masses or granular powder, odorless and having a pungent, saline taste. Very soluble in water (1:0.6) and freely soluble in alcohol (1:9).

ACTION AND USES: Introduced in common with other hypophosphites as a cure for tuberculosis; since used as "nerve-foods." There is no proof that the hypophosphites exert any physiologic effect, influence any pathologic process, or have any food value.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.).

=*Potassii Iodidum (Pot. Iod.), Potassium Iodide, U.S.P.=--KI.

Transparent, translucent or opaque crystals or white granular powder, with a pungent, saline, afterward bitter taste. Very soluble in water (1:0.7) and soluble in alcohol (1:22). Incompatible with mineral acids and oxidizing agents and should not be prescribed in solution with alkaloids or alkaloid-containing drugs.

ACTION AND USES: Saline expectorant, especially in asthma and chronic bronchitis; diuretic; antisyphilitic; "alterative" in rheumatic conditions, sclerosis, etc.

DOSAGE: 0.3 Gm. or 5 grains (U.S.P.); best administered in simple solution and well diluted; in lues the dose should be gradually increased to the limit of tolerance.

_Unguentum Potassii Iodidi (Ung. Pot. Iod.), Ointment of Potassium Iodide, N.F._--Potassium iodide (10%), sodium thiosulphate (1%), water and benzoinated lard.

USES: An irrational method of administering potassium iodide, as none of the drug is absorbed through the skin.

=Potassi Nitras (Pot. Nitras), Potassium Nitrate, U.S.P.= (Saltpetre).--KNO{3}.

Transparent crystals or white powder, odorless and having a cooling saline taste. Freely soluble in water (1:2.8) and slightly soluble in alcohol (1:620).

ACTION AND USES: Diuretic, irritant to kidneys and intestines; has largely gone out of use.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.).

_Charta Potassii Nitratis (Chart. Pot. Nit.), Potassium Nitrate Paper, N.F._--Paper impregnated with potassium nitrate.

USES: The smoke is inhaled in asthma, but is not very effective.

=*Potassii Permanganas (Pot. Permang.), Potassium Permanganate, U.S.P.=--KMnO{4}.

Slender, dark purple odorless crystals, with a taste (in solution) at first sweet, afterward disagreeable and astringent. Soluble in water (1:13.5), forming violet-red to rose-colored solutions which stain the fingers and clothes. Decomposed by alcohol and glycerin. Should not be brought into contact with organic or other readily oxidizable substances.

ACTION AND USES: Effective deodorant, disinfectant and astringent. Internally as emmenagogue, probably useless.

DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (U.S.P.), usually in pills. For application to the skin, 1:500 solution.

=Potassii Sulphas (Pot. Sulph.), Potassium Sulphate, N.F.=--K{2}SO{4}.

Colorless crystals or white powder, odorless and having a saline, somewhat bitter taste. Freely soluble in water (1:10) and insoluble in alcohol.

ACTION AND USES: Saline purgative closely resembling sodium sulphate in its action, but without advantage over the latter.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).

=Prunum (Prunum), Prune, N.F.=

ACTION AND USES: One of the ingredients in confection of senna but seldom used in medicine apart from this.

=*Prunus Virginiana (Prun. Virg.), Wild Cherry, U.S.P.= (Wild Black Cherry Bark).

ACTION AND USES: Sedative expectorant, mainly used as flavor.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).

_Fluidextractum Pruni Virginianae (Fldext. Prun. Virg.), Fluidextract of Wild Cherry, N.F._--Wild cherry (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 20 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).

_Infusum Pruni Virginianae (Inf. Prun. Virg.), Infusion of Wild Cherry, N.F._--Wild cherry (4%), in glycerin and water.

DOSAGE: 60 Cc. or 2 fluidounces (N.F.).

_*Syrupus Pruni Virginianae (Syr. Prun. Virg.), Syrup of Wild Cherry, U.S.P._--Wild cherry bark (15%), in glycerin and syrup.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (U.S.P.).

_Vinum Pruni Virginianae (Vin. Prun. Virg.), Wine of Wild Cherry, N.F._--Wild cherry (25%) in water, alcohol, sugar and sherry wine. Absolute alcohol content about 23 per cent.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

_Vinum Pruni Virginianae Ferratum (Vin. Prun. Virg. Ferr.), Ferrated Wine of Wild Cherry, N.F._--Tincture of ferric citrochloride (8%) in wine of wild cherry. Absolute alcohol content about 21 per cent.

USES: Superfluous "tonic."

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=Pulsatilla (Pulsatil.), Pulsatilla, N.F.= (Pasque Flower, Meadow Anemone).--The plant.

ACTION AND USES: Has been recommended as an alterative, sedative and antispasmodic. Has been used in syphilis with undoubted harmful results because of its inefficiency. Its use is fortunately decreasing.

DOSAGE: 0.3 Gm. or 5 grains (N.F.).

_Tinctura Pulsatillae (Tr. Pulsatil.), Tincture of Pulsatilla, N.F._--Pulsatilla (10%) in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 65 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (N.F.).

=PULVERES, POWDERS.=--The official powders are mixtures of several substances in powdered form. For the preparations now official see under the names of the principal constituents. For Pulvis Antimonialis, see under =Antimonii Oxidum=; for Pulvis Antisepticus, see under =Zinci Sulphas=; for Pulvis Aromaticus and Pulvis Cretae Aromaticus, under =Cinnamomum Saigonicum=; for Pulvis Aromaticus Rubefaciens, under =Caryophyllus=; Pulvis Cretae Aromaticus et Opii, under =Opium=; for Pulvis Effervescens Compositus, under =Potassii et Sodii Tartras=; for Pulvis Glycyrrhizae Compositus, under =Senna=; for Pulvis Ipecacuanhae et Opii, under =Opium=, and for Pulvis Talci Compositus, under =Acidum Salicylicum=.

=Pumex (Pumex), Pumice, N.F.=--Consists chiefly of complex silicates of volcanic origin.

ACTION AND USES: Used as an abrasive material, and in pharmacy as an absorbent.

=Pyrethrum (Pyreth.), Pyrethrum, U.S.P.= (Pellitory Root).

ACTION AND USES: Obsolete, irritant sialagogue and local irritant.

DOSAGE: 2 Gm. or 30 grains (U.S.P.).

_Tinctura Pyrethri (Tr. Pyreth.), Tincture of Pyrethrum, U.S.P._ (Tincture of Pellitory).--Pyrethrum (20%) in alcohol. Absolute alcohol content about 90 per cent.

USES: External.

=Pyrogallol (Pyrogall.), Pyrogallol, U.S.P.= (Pyrogallic Acid).--Trihydroxybenzene.

Light, white or nearly white, odorless, bitter laminae, fine needles or powder. Freely soluble in water (1:1.7) and in alcohol (1:1.3).

ACTION AND USES: Irritant antiseptic in chronic skin diseases. Internally highly toxic.

DOSAGE: 5 per cent. ointment.

=Pyroxylinum (Pyroxylin.), Pyroxylin, U.S.P.= (Soluble Gun Cotton).--Chiefly cellulose tetranitrate.

A yellowish-white matted mass of filaments, resembling raw cotton in appearance; very inflammable. Slowly but completely soluble in a mixture of three volumes of ether and one volume of alcohol. Also soluble in acetone and in glacial acetic acid. Practically insoluble in alcohol or water.

ACTION AND USES: Basis for collodions.

_*Collodium (Collod.), Collodion, U.S.P._--Pyroxylin (4%) in a mixture of ether and alcohol.

USES: Used to form a protective film and as a vehicle for external applications.

_*Collodium Flexile (Collod. Flex.), Flexible Collodion, U.S.P._--A mixture of collodion (95%) with camphor (2%) and castor oil (3%).

USES: More pliable than collodion and does not contract as much in drying.

=Quassia (Quass.), Quassia, U.S.P.= (Bitter Wood).

ACTION AND USES: Simple bitter stomachic (more disagreeable than gentian); an infusion is also used as enema in the treatment of pinworms.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Gm. or 8 grains (U.S.P.).

_Extractum Quassiae (Ext. Quas.), Extract of Quassia, N.F._ (Powdered Extract of Quassia).--An aqueous extract diluted with starch, 1 Gm. representing 10 Gm. of quassia.

DOSAGE: 0.06 Gm. or 1 grain (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Quassiae (Fldext. Quass.), Fluidextract of Quassia, N.F._--Quassia (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 25 per cent.

DOSAGE: 0.5 Cc. or 8 minims (N.F.).

_Tinctura Quassiae (Tr. Quas.), Tincture of Quassia, U.S.P._--Quassia (20%) in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 30 per cent.

DOSAGE: 2 Cc. or 30 minims (U.S.P.).

=Quercus (Querc.), Quercus, N.F.= (White Oak Bark).

ACTION AND USES: Tannin-bearing astringent, without advantage over krameria, etc.

DOSAGE: 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).

_Fluidextractum Quercus (Fldext. Querc.), Fluidextract of Quercus, N.F._--Quercus (100%). Absolute alcohol content about 40 per cent.

DOSAGE: 1 Cc. or 15 minims (N.F.).

=Quillaja (Quillaja), Quillaja, N.F.= (Soap-tree Bark).

ACTION AND USES: Contains saponin and has been recommended as an expectorant. Similar to, but without advantage over senega. Has been used as a detergent and as an emulsifying agent; in the latter use is objectionable.

_Tinctura Quillajae (Tr. Quillaj.), Tincture of Quillaja, N.F._--Quillaja (20%) in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 30 per cent.

=Quinidina (Quinid.), Quinidine, N.F.=--An alkaloid isomeric with quinine.

White, odorless crystals or powder, with an intense and persistent bitter taste.

ACTION AND USES: At one time recommended as a cheap substitute for quinine. Inferior and obsolete.

DOSAGE: Tonic, 0.1 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains (N.F.); antimalarial, 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.) daily.

_Syrupus Quinidinae (Syr. Quinid.), Syrup of Quinidine, N.F._ (Bitterless Syrup of Quinidine).--Quinidine (3.3%) and oil of orange in syrup.

DOSAGE: 4 Cc. or 1 fluidrachm (N.F.).

=*Quinina (Quin.), Quinine, U.S.P.=--Obtained from cinchona bark.

White, odorless, intensely bitter powder. Very slightly soluble in water (1:1560), and very soluble in alcohol (1:0.8).

ACTION AND USES: Bitter tonic, analgesic and antipyretic; specific against malaria. Contraindicated in ear diseases. Idiosyncrasies are common.

The official quinine salts are more numerous than is necessary. Those that are starred would meet every indication.

DOSAGE: Tonic, 0.1 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains (U.S.P.); antimalarial, at least 1 Gm. or 15 grains daily (U.S.P.).

_Oleatum Quininae (Oleat. Quin.), Oleate of Quinine, N.F._--Quinine (25%) in oleic acid.

=*Quininae Bisulphas (Quin. Bisulph.), Quinine Bisulphate, U.S.P.=--Quinine acid sulphate.

Transparent or whitish, odorless, very bitter crystals. Freely soluble in water (1:9) and soluble in alcohol (1:23).

ACTION AND USES: Similar to, and without advantage over, =Quininae Dihydrochloridum=.

DOSAGE: Tonic, 0.1 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains (U.S.P.); antimalarial, at least 1 Gm. or 15 grains daily (U.S.P.).

_Tinctura Antiperiodica (Tr. Antiperiod.), Antiperiodic Tincture, N.F._ (Warburg's Tincture).--Quinine bisulphate (2%), extract of aloes (1.75%), rhubarb (0.8%), angelica fruit, elecampane, saffron, fennel, gentian, zedoary, cubeb, myrrh, camphor, agaric, pepper, Saigon cinnamon and Jamaica ginger in alcohol and water. Absolute alcohol content about 55 per cent.

USES: Antiquated, complex and irrational quinine mixture.

DOSAGE: From 4 to 15 Cc. or 1 to 4 fluidrachms (N.F.).

_Tinctura Antiperiodica sine Aloe (Tr. Antiperiod. s. Aloe), Antiperiodic Tincture without Aloes, N.F._ (Warburg's Tincture without Aloes).--The same as the preceding (Tinctura Antiperiodica) with the omission of extract of aloes.

USES AND DOSAGE: See Tinctura Antiperiodica.

=Quininae Dihydrochloridum (Quin. Dihydrochl.), Quinine Dihydrochloride, U.S.P.=

White, odorless, very bitter powder. Very soluble in water (1:0.6), and soluble in alcohol (1:12).

ACTION AND USES: Used where concentrated solutions of quinine are wanted, as for subcutaneous injections, etc.

DOSAGE: Tonic, 0.1 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains (U.S.P.); antimalarial, at least 1 Gm. or 15 grains daily (U.S.P.).

=*Quininae et Ureae Hydrochloridum (Quin. et Urea. Hydrochl.), Quinine and Urea Hydrochloride, U.S.P.= (Quinine and Urea Chloride).--A double salt of quinine and urea.

Colorless, translucent crystals or white, granular powder, odorless and having a very bitter taste. Very soluble in water (1:0.9) and freely soluble in alcohol (1:2.4).

ACTION AND USES: Much less irritating than ordinary quinine salts and therefore suited for hypodermic injections, in malaria or as local anesthetic.

DOSAGE: Hypodermic, one dose daily, 1 Gm. or 15 grains (U.S.P.). For local anesthesia (hypodermic) solution of from 0.25 to 1 per cent.; (applied to mucous membranes), solutions of from 10 to 20 per cent.

=Quininae Glycerophosphas (Quin. Glycerophos.), Quinine Glycerophosphate, N.F.= (Quinine Glycerinophosphate).

Fine, white, odorless crystals or powder, with a very bitter taste.

ACTION AND USES: Expensive and superfluous quinine salt.

DOSAGE: Tonic, 0.1 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains (N.F.); antimalarial, 1 Gm. or 15 grains (N.F.).

=Quininae Hydrobromidum (Quin. Hydrobr.), Quinine Hydrobromide, U.S.P.= (Quinine Bromide).

Light, white, odorless, very bitter silky needles. Soluble in water (1:40), and very soluble in alcohol (1:0.9).

ACTION AND USES: Superfluous; see =Quininae Hydrochloridum=.

DOSAGE: Tonic, 0.1 Gm. or 1-1/2 grains (U.S.P.); antimalarial, at least 1 Gm. or 15 grains, daily (U.S.P.).

=*Quininae Hydrochloridum (Quin. Hydrochl.), Quinine Hydrochloride, U.S.P.= (Quinine Chloride).

White, odorless, very bitter, silky needles. Soluble in water (1:18) and very soluble in alcohol (1:0.8).