CHAPTER VIII

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 312

APPENDIX A 321

Memorandum by the Local Government Board as to the Local Authorities for Poor Law purposes and the Out-relief Orders in force at the end of the years 1847, 1871, 1906.

APPENDIX B 343

Extract from the Minority Report for Scotland giving the reasons in favour of the Complete Supersession of the Poor Law.

INDEX OF UNIONS AND OTHER PLACES MENTIONED 365

INDEX OF SUBJECTS 371

ENGLISH POOR LAW POLICY

The English Poor Law Policy, of which we present an analysis, is that which has been from time to time promulgated for the authoritative guidance of local authorities in the relief of the destitute, whether laid down by Parliament or by Departments of the National Government. This policy is to be found principally in (1) Orders, whether "General" or "Special"; (2) circulars and other instructional communications to officials and to local authorities, and (3) reports to Parliament. These documents fall into three periods, 1834-1847, 1847-1871, and 1871-1907, corresponding respectively with the Poor Law Commissioners, the Poor Law Board, and the Local Government Board. But these are themselves governed by (4) the Act of 1834 and subsequent amending statutes; and the Act of 1834 itself lays down no policy, and having regard to its origin, and to its immediate connection with the recent Royal Commission, it cannot be understood without (5) the Report of the Royal Commission of 1834. Hence it is convenient, if not indispensable, in order to render the subsequent analysis intelligible, to begin with an exact statement of the proposals of the Report of 1834.[5]

[5] This analysis is confined to relief in all its various forms, excluding all questions of chargeability (or the recovery from other persons of the amount expended on relief), settlement, removal, assessment, rating, and mere administrative procedure.