Part 14

Prince William (born 4th November 1650, died 8th March 1702) was the son of William Prince of Orange and the Princess Mary, eldest daughter of Charles I. Prince William married the Princess Mary, eldest daughter of James, Duke of York, afterwards James II., and Anne Hyde. The Prince of Orange deposed his father-in-law James II., in 1689, and was declared king in his stead. William and Mary were, however, joint sovereigns, and the crowns, sceptres, and orbs were all doubled for them, and on the Great Seal they are both represented, one hand of each resting on the orb.

Queen Mary died in 1694, and after that date King William reigned alone. The same coat-of-arms was used all through, but during the double reign the initials "WR" and "MR" are generally added. It is curious to note that William III. several times altered the place of the coat-of-arms of France on the English coat.

WILLIAM IV., KING OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND

_Arms._--Within the Garter and with the collar and badge of the order. Quarterly.

1st and 4th, _England_.

2nd, _Scotland_.

3rd, _Ireland_.

And on an escutcheon of pretence, ensigned with the Royal Crown of Hanover, the arms of the Dominions in Germany, as used by George III. (q.v.) after 1816.

_Crest._--A Royal crown ppr., thereon a lion statant or, crowned ppr.

_Helmet._--That of a King.

_Supporters._--A lion and a unicorn, as used by James I. (q.v.).

_Motto._--DIEU ET MON DROIT.

_Badges._--Tudor Rose, Thistle, and Shamrock.

[_Inventories of the various Services of Plate belonging to the Crown._ London, 1832.]

_Variety._--The Royal Cypher "WR IIII." (William Rex IIII.) within the Garter and ensigned with a Royal Crown.

[DELPECH. _Iconographie des contemporains._ Paris, 1832.]

William, Duke of Clarence (born 21st August 1763, died 20th June 1837), was the third son of George III., and succeeded his brother George IV. on the throne of England in 1830. He was parsimonious, and the economy used at his coronation was so marked that it was called a "Half Crown-ation." William IV. married Adelaide, daughter of George Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen, and their two daughters died as children.

The Royal Libraries were twice given to the Nation, once by George II., on the foundation of the British Museum, and again by George IV., after the death of his father. William IV. evidently thought that there had been enough generosity in this matter on the part of his predecessors, and he added to his will an autograph codicil, dated "Pavillion, Brighton, 30th November 1834," to the effect that "I further declare that all the Books, Drawings, and Plans collected in all the Palaces shall _forever_ continue heirlooms to the Crown, and on no pretence whatever to be alienated from the Crown."

WILLIAMS, JOHN, BISHOP OF LINCOLN, AFTERWARDS ARCHBISHOP OF YORK

_Arms._--Impaled.

Dexter: Gu., 2 lions passant guardant or, on a chief az., our lady sitting with her babe crowned and sceptred. _See of Lincoln._

Sinister: Quarterly.

1st and 4th; gu., a chevron (erm.) between 3 human heads in profile, couped at the neck, ppr., hair and beards sa. 2nd and 3rd; gu., a chevron or, between 3 stags' faces arg., attired or. _Williams._

[_Hebrew Bible._]

John Williams (born 25th March 1582, died 25th March 1650) was the son of Edmond Williams of Conway, and was educated at Ruthin Grammar School and at Cambridge. In 1603 he was ordained, and he soon became known as an able preacher. After holding several minor ecclesiastical preferments and enjoying the favour of James I., he was made Dean of Salisbury in 1619. In 1620 Dr. Williams became Dean of Westminster, and in 1621 he was consecrated Bishop of Lincoln. In the House of Lords Bishop Williams took a very important part in the discussions and legislation concerning the power of the Sovereign in 1628.

In 1635 the Bishop's enemies succeeded in bringing him before the Star Chamber on a charge of subornation of perjury, and he was condemned to a heavy fine and loss of profits of his many benefices. He was imprisoned in the Tower until he was granted an unconditional release by the House of Lords in 1640. In 1641, with other Bishops, Williams was again committed to the Tower on a charge of high treason, but soon escaped, forfeiting his bail. He again took a leading part in the proceedings of the House of Lords, and was translated to the Archbishopric of York, where he was enthroned in 1642.

Archbishop Williams worked hard for the Royalist cause; he fortified Conway Castle and organised the militia. He was possessed of considerable wealth, and was liberal and charitable. Several of his sermons and speeches were published.

WINDSOR, THOMAS, SIXTH BARON WINDSOR

_Arms._--Quarterly.

1. Gu., a saltire between 12 crosses pattée or. _Windsor._

2. Barry nebuly or and sa. _Blount._

3. Gu., a fret or. _Audley._

4. Vairy, arg. and sa. _Meynell._

_Crest._--A buck's head affrontée, couped at the neck arg., attired or.

_Helmet._--That of a Peer.

_Supporters._--Dexter, a unicorn arg., armed, maned, and unguled or. Sinister, a fox ppr.

[OSSAT. _Lettres._ Paris, 1627.]

Thomas Windsor (born circ. 1580, died 6th December 1642) was the son of Henry Windsor, fifth Baron Windsor. He succeeded his father in the Barony in 1605. In 1610 Lord Windsor was made a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath, and was Rear-Admiral in the Navy. He commanded the fleet sent to Spain to bring back Prince Charles. Lord Windsor left no son, and his title was inherited by his nephew, Thomas Windsor-Hickman, the son of Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of the fifth Baron. He married Dixie Hickman of Kew, Surrey.

WODHULL, MICHAEL

_Arms._--Impaled.

Dexter: Or, 3 crescents gu. _Woodhull._

Sinister: Erm., on a fess gu., 3 escallops or. _Ingram._

_Crest._--Out of an heraldic coronet 2 wings addorsed, arg.

[M. T. CICERONIS. _Quaestionorum tusculanarum_, libri quinq. Florentiae, 1514.]

Michael Wodhull (born 15th August 1740, died 10th November 1816) was the son of John Wodhull. He was educated at Winchester and Oxford. Mr. Wodhull married a Miss Ingram of Wolford in Warwickshire; he was a collector of books and an author and translator of the classics. At his library at his house at Thenford, Wodhull had an extensive collection of books, many of which were bound by Roger Payne, and among which were several fine historical bindings. These books were dispersed by sale, partly during Mr. Wodhull's lifetime, but mostly after his death. In 1783 he was High Sheriff of Northamptonshire.

WORTHINGTON

_Arms._--Impaled.

Dexter: Quarterly.

1st and 4th; arg., 3 dung-forks sa. _Worthington._

2nd and 3rd; arg., 3 chevrons gu. _Langton._

Sinister: Arg., a cross moline gu. _Colvile._

[CALVIN. _A Harmonie upon the Gospels._ Londini, 1610.]

The family of Worthington has been well known in several counties, but chiefly in Lancashire. Members of the family have also settled in Suffolk and in Cheshire.

I have not been able to decide to which member of the Worthington family this particular coat-of-arms belonged.

WOTTON, EDWARD, BARON WOTTON

_Arms._--Quarterly.

1st and 4th; arg., a saltire engrailed sa. _Wotton._

2nd and 3rd; arg., on a chief sa., a lion passant of the first. _Rudston._

_Note._--Used before 1602.

[PLINIUS SECUNDUS. _Historia Naturalis._ Lugduni, 1548.]

Edward Wotton (born circ. 1548, died circ. 1626) was the son of Thomas Wotton by his first wife Elizabeth, daughter of Sir John Rudston, Lord Mayor of London. Mr. Wotton was a man of much learning and a great linguist, and in 1583 he was Member of Parliament for Kent. He was Elizabeth's emissary to James VI. concerning his marriage, and also about a treaty of alliance. In 1591 he received the honour of Knighthood, and in 1602 he was Comptroller of the Household. In the same year he was created Baron Wotton.

Lord Wotton was Lord Lieutenant of Kent, and Ambassador to France and Treasurer of the Household. He inherited his father's library, and in many cases added his own coat-of-arms impressed in silver to the beautiful bindings made for Thomas Wotton, "The English Grolier," on whose books occur the legend THOMAE WOTTONI ET AMICORUM.

WRIGHT, JAMES

_Arms._--Az., 2 bars engrailed arg., in chief as many leopards' heads or. _Wright._

[LAMBERT. _Chancery Collections._ Stowe MS. 415.]

James Wright (born circ. 1643, died October 1713) was the son of Abraham Wright, of Oxfordshire. He was called to the Bar in 1672. His tastes were literary and antiquarian, and he possessed a considerable library, chiefly manuscripts. Wright wrote a number of works on antiquities, and others on the political matters of his time. The drama also had much fascination for him, and he wrote several poems, and made an epitome of Dugdale's _Monasticon_.

WYCLIFFE

_Arms._--Arg., on a fess gu., 3 crescents of the first between 3 Cornish choughs ppr., in chief a spear-head of the second. _Wycliffe._

_Crest._--A Cornish chough, wings addorsed, ppr.

_Motto._--DEUS ALIT ME.

[GROOT. _Defensio fidei Catholicae de Satisfactione Christi adversus Faustum socinum._ Lugduni Batavorum, 1617.]

This stamp belonged to T. Wycliffe, probably a member of the Yorkshire family of that name, but I have not so far been able to identify the owner more particularly.

WYNDHAM, SIR HUGH, KNIGHT

_Arms._--Arg., a chevron between 3 lions' heads erased or. _Wyndham._

_Crest._--A lion's head erased, within a fetterlock or.

[OLEARIUS. _The Voyages and Travels of J. Albert de Mandelslo._ London, 1669.]

Hugh Wyndham (born circ. 1603, died 27th July 1684) was the son of Sir John Wyndham of Orchard-Wyndham, Somerset. He was educated at Oxford, and called to the Bar in 1629. In 1654 Mr. Wyndham was made a Serjeant-at-Law and a Judge on the Northern Circuit. In 1670 he was made a Baron of the Exchequer, and received the honour of Knighthood. He married three times.

HERALDIC BOOKS TO CONSULT

BEDFORD, W. K. R. The Blazon of Episcopacy. London, 1858.

BERRY, W. Encyclopædia Heraldica. London, 1828. (?)

BOUTELL, C. English Heraldry. London, 1867.

BURKE, J. A General and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerages of England, Ireland, and Scotland, extinct, dormant, and in abeyance. London, 1831.

BURKE, J. A General Armoury of England, Scotland, and Ireland. London, 1842.

BURKE, J., and Sir J. B. A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the extinct and dormant Baronetcies of England, Ireland, and Scotland. London, 1841.

BURKE, J., and Sir J. B. The Knightage of Great Britain and Ireland. London, 1841.

BURKE, Sir J. B. The Book of Orders of Knighthood. London, 1850.

DAVENPORT, C. J. The English Regalia. London, 1897.

ELVEN, J. P. The Book of Family Crests. London, 1838.

FAIRBAIRN, J. A Book of the Crests of the Families of Great Britain and Ireland. London, 1905.

FOX-DAVIES, A. C. The Art of Heraldry. London, 1904.

GARTER, Order of the. Les noms, surnoms, qualitez, armes, et blasons de tous les chevaliers de l'ordre de la Jarretière depuis l'Institution en 1347 jusqu'à present. Paris, 1647.

GUILLIM, J. A Display of Heraldry. London, 1679.

JONES, W. Crowns and Coronations. London, 1883.

KNIGHT, F. Knight and Butters' Crests. London, 1885.

LEGH, G. The Accedens of Armory. London, 1562.

MAIR, J. A. Proverbs and Mottoes. London, 1891.

Mottoes and Motives. London, 1884.

NICHOLAS, Sir H. History of the Orders of Knighthood of the British Empire. London, 1841.

PAPWORTH, J. W. An alphabetical Dictionary of Coats-of-Arms. London, 1874.

Peerages of the date of the book.

PLANCHÉ, J. R. The Pursuivant of Arms. London, 1852.

PORNY, M. A. The Elements of Heraldry. London, 1787.

SANDFORD, F. Genealogical History of the Kings of England. London, 1677.

SEGAR, SIR W. Baronagium Genealogicum. London, 1764-84.

SIEBMACHER, J. Grosses und allgemeines Wappenbuch. Nürnberg, 1890, etc.

UPTON, N. De studio Militari, libri quatuor. Londini, 1654.

WILLEMENT, T. Regal Heraldry. London, 1821.

WOODWARD, J. A Treatise on Heraldry. Edinburgh, 1896.

BIOGRAPHICAL BOOKS TO CONSULT

Army Lists of the date of the Book.

British Museum Catalogue of Authors of Books.

COKAYNE, G. E. Complete Baronetage. Exeter, 1900.

COKAYNE, G. E. [G. E. C] Complete Peerage. London, 1887.

Directories of the date of the book.

HAYDN, J. The Book of Dignities. London, 1890.

Landed Gentry Lists of the date of the book.

MARSHALL, J. Royal Naval Biography. London, 1823.

Navy Lists of the date of the book.

Peerages of the date of the book.

STEPHEN, L. Dictionary of National Biography. London, 1885, etc.

INDICES

I

INDEX TO THE INTRODUCTION

_Accedens of Armory_, 5, 12

Additions outside coat-of-arms, 3

Alfred, Crown of, 13

Amadeus, Earl of Savoy, 10

Anchors shown behind the coat-of-arms of Samuel Pepys, 28

Annulet mark of cadency, 12

Archbishops, coats-of-arms of, 28

_Armorial du Bibliophile_ by Guigard, 1

Army Staff, hats of, 27

_Art of Heraldry_, 8

Augmentations on coats-of-arms, 3

Badge of the Prince of Wales, 14

" used by Baronets of Nova Scotia, 10

" worn by retainers, 25

Badges of Orders of Knighthood, 27

Baronets, 9, 10

Baronet's helmet, 24

Barons, 19

Barons' coronets, 20

Barons Londonni, 19

" of the Cinque Ports, 19

" of the Exchequer, 19

" of Warwick, 19

Barony by Tenure, 19

" by Writ, 19

"Barry," 32

Basilisk, a, 36

Batons shown behind the coat-of-arms of a Field-marshal, 28

Beaufort, John, Duke of Somerset, coronet of, 15

Beaumont, John, Viscount, 18

Bend, a, 33

Bezant, a, 35

Bishops, coats-of-arms of, 28

Black Prince, at Crécy, 14

Black Prince, cap of, 22

" " coronet of, 15

_Book of St. Albans_, 11

Book-plates, 2

Bordure, 34

Brandon, Charles, Duke of Suffolk, coronet of, 16

British Museum, examples of Book-Stamps in the, 4

Bruges, William, Garter, coronet of, 20

Burke's _Peerage_, lists of mottoes in, 30

Cadency, marks of, 11

" in relief, 35

" on crests, 26

Caltrap, 37

Cambridge, Duchess of, at the coronation of Queen Victoria, 21

Canton, 34

Cap of a Peer, Dignity, Estate, or Maintenance, 22

" the Black Prince, 22

Cecil, Robert, Viscount Cranbourn, coronet of, 19

Chapeau, 22, 23

" support for a crest, 26

Chequy, 33

Chess-rook, 37

Chevron, 34

Chief, 34

Chief used by the Knights of the English Langue of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem, 10

Civil Service, the feathered hats of, 27

Clarion, 37

Coats-of-arms, 31 _et seq._

Cockatrice, 36

Cockscomb crest, 25

Collar of SS., 21

Collars of Orders of Knighthood shown with coat-of-arms, 27

College of Arms, 20

Coloured helmets, 25

Colours used in Heraldry, 5, 6

Companions of Orders of Knighthood, badges of, 27

Compony, 33

Coronation, crowns and coronets worn at, 21

" of Queen Victoria, 21

Coronet, Heraldic, Mural, or Naval, 26

" of a Baron, 20

" of a Duke, 16

" of a King-of-arms, 20

" of a Marquis, 16

" of an Earl, 18

" of a Viscount, 19

" of Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk, 16

" of Charles Howard, Earl of Nottingham, 18

" of Charles Somerset, Earl of Worcester, 17

" of Henry Lacy, Earl of Lincoln, 17

" of Henry Somerset, Earl of Worcester, 18

" of John Beaufort, Duke of Beaufort, 15

" of Robert Cecil, Viscount Cranbourn, 19

" of Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, 18

" of Sir William Dugdale, Garter, 21

" of the Black Prince, 15

" of the Duchess of Cambridge, 21

" of the Prince of Wales, 14

" of William de Valence, Earl of Pembroke, 17

Coronets, 12-22

" of Margaret, Countess of Richmond, 17

" of Princes and Princesses, 15

" worn at the coronation, 21

Couchée shield, 23

Counts, 17

Crescent mark of cadency, 11

Crest chapeau, 26

" supports, 26

Crests, 24-26

" not borne by ladies, 8

Crista, a crest, 25

Cross crosslet, 32

" fleury, 32

" moline, 12, 32

" pattée, 32

Crosses, 32

Crown of England, the, 13, 14

Crowns worn at the coronation, 21

Dancetty, 34

Date of printing of a book, 3

Deans, coats-of-arms of, 28

DIEU ET MON DROIT, 30

Dignity, cap of, 22

Dowgate Hill Brooch, 13

Dragon, 36

Dragon's wing for fan crest, 26

Dudley, Robert, Earl of Leicester, coronet of, 18

Dugdale, Sir William, Garter, coronet of, 21

Duke's coronet, 16

Earl's coronet, 16, 18

Ecclesiastics, coats-of-arms of, 28

Embattled, 34

English Royal book-stamps, 2

" Royal Crown, the, 13, 14

Engrailed, 34

Ermine, 7

Escutcheon of Pretence, 32

Esquire's helmet, 24

Esquires of Orders of Knighthood, badges of, 27

Estate, cap of, 22

Fairbairn's _Crests_, lists of mottoes in, 30

Fan-shaped crests, 25

FAX MENTIS HONESTAE GLORIA, 10

Fer-de-Moline, 37

Fermail, 37

Fess, a, 32

Field-marshal's coat-of-arms, 28

Fillet as crest support, 26

Fletcher's _English Armorial Book-Stamps_, 1

Fleur-de-lys mark of cadency, 12

Fountain, 37

Fox-Davies' _Art of Heraldry_, 8

Fret, the, 35, 37

Fretty, 33, 35

Furs used in heraldry, 7

Fusil, 37

Garter King-of-Arms, coronet of, 20

Griffin, 36

Guigard's _Armorial du Bibliophile_, 1

Guige, or shield belt, 23

Gyronny, 33

Hayter, Sir George, his picture of the coronation of Queen Victoria, 21

Heiress, heraldic, 8

Helmet of a Baronet, 24

" of a Knight, 24

" of an Esquire, 24

" of a Peer, 24

" of Royalty, 24

Helmets, 23, 24

" coloured, 25

Henry VIII. and the Lion Supporter, 28

Heraldic coronet, 26

" heiress, 8

Heraldry, origin of, 4

Heralds and the collar of SS., 21

Howard, Charles, Earl of Nottingham, coronet of, 18

ICH DIEN, 14

Identification of book-stamps, 3

Imitation jewels on coronets, 21

Impaling, 32

Indented, 34

Jewels on crown and coronet, 21

John, King of Bohemia, 14

John of Jerusalem, Knight of the Order of St., 10

_King Arthur's Book_, 29

King-of-Arms, coronet of a, 20

King-of-Arms and the collar of SS., 21

Knighthood, ceremonial hats of, 27

Knights' helmets, 24

Knights of Orders, badges of, 27

Labels used as marks of cadency, 11, 12

Lacy, Henry, Earl of Lincoln, coronet of, 17

Ladies' shields, 37

Legh's _Accedens of Armory_, 5, 12

Leopard, 36

Leopard Lionné, 36

Lines used to indicate colour, 6

Lion, 36

Lion Leopardé, 36

Lion of England, as the crest of Richard I., 26

Livery colours, 25

London, crest of the city of, 26

Lozenge-shaped shields, 37

Lozengy, 33

Lupus, Hugh, Earl of Chester, 17

Maintenance, cap of, 22

Mantling, 24

Margaret, Countess of Richmond, coronet of, 17

Marquis's coronet, 16

Marshalling, 5

Martlet mark of cadency, 12

Mascle, 37

Medals dependent from base of coat-of-arms, 27

Miniver, 22

MISERERE MEI DEUS SECUNDUM MAGNAM MISERICORDIAM TUAM, 20

Mitres shewn above ecclesiastical coat-of-arms, 28

Mother's coat-of-arms, quartering of, 32

Mottoes, 30

" of Orders of Knighthood shown with the coat-of-arms, 27

Mullet mark of cadency, 11

Mural coronet as crest support, 26

Naval coronet as crest support, 26

Nebuly, 34

Nova Scotia, Baronets of, 10

O'Neile, Irish chieftain, 9

Orders of Knighthood, ceremonial hats of, 27

Ostrich feather badge of the Prince of Wales, 14

Pale, 31

Peer's cap, 22

" helmet, 24

Pepys, Samuel, coat-of-arms of, 28

Per bend, 33

" chevron, 34

" fess, 32

" pale, 31

" saltire, 33

Personal heraldry in military costume, 4

Petra Sancta's _Tesserae Gentilitiae_, 6

Pheon, 37

Pile, 33

Plate, the, 35

Pole, William, Baron de la, 19

Pollard's _Franks Collection of Armorial Book-Stamps_, 1

Potent, 7

Pretence, Escutcheon of, 8, 32

_Prince Arthur's Book_, 16

Prince of Wales's coronet, 14

Princes and Princesses, coronet of, 15

Quartered coats-of-arms, 32

Quartering of mother's coat-of-arms, 32

Quarterings on coats-of-arms, 8

Quarterly, 32

Quatrefoil mark of cadency, 12

Raguly, 34

Regimental feather head-dresses, 27

Roundels, 35

Royal book-stamps, 2

" books in private ownership, 2

" coronets, 15

" Crown of England, the, 13, 14

" helmets, 24

" marks of cadency, 12

Rose mark of cadency, 12

Rubbings of book-stamps, 38

Rustre, 37

_St. Albans, Book of_, 11

Saltire, 33

Savoy, cross of, 10

Sees, coat-of-arms of, 28

Shield couchée, 23

Shields of arms, 31 _et seq._

Smert, John, Garter, coronet of, 20

Somerset, Charles, Earl of Worcester, coronet of, 17

Somerset, Henry, Earl of Worcester, coronet of, 18

SS., collar of, 21

Supporters, 28, 29

Supports for crests, 26

Tenure, Barony by, 19

_Tesserae Gentilitiae_, 6

Tiara of the Duchess of Cambridge, 21

Tincture lines used in Heraldry, 6, 7

Torse as crest support, 26

Tournaments and their ceremonial, 4

Trick, 5

Ulster, Baronets of, 10

" hand, the, 9

United Kingdom, Baronets of the, 10

Vair, 7

Valence, William de, Earl of Pembroke, coronet of, 17

Vere, Robert de, Marquis of Dublin, 16

Victoria, Queen, coronation of, 21

Viscount's coronet, 19

Viscounts, 18

Wales, badge of the Prince of, 14

" coronet of the Prince of, 14

Water Bouget, 37

Wavy, 34

Winchester, Marquis of, 22

Writ, Barony by, 19

Wyvern, 36

Zulu mark of rank, 27

II

INDEX OF ARMS, ETC.

Abergavenny, _Earl of_ (Nevill), 303

Achaius, _King of Scotland_, 246

Adelaide, of Saxe Meiningen, 399

Albemarle, _Duke of_ (Monck), 295, 342

Albert, of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, _Prince_, 380

Alexander I., _Czar_, 191

" II., _King of Scotland_, 246

Almack, E., 74, 94, 252, 253

Alphonso IV., _Duke of Modena_, 291

Althorp, 352, 355

Ancrum, _Earl of_ (Kerr), 262

Anne, _Countess of Lothian_, 262

" _Princess_, 282

Antiquaries, Society of, 307

Apollo Grian, Harp of, 246

Aragon, Catherine of, _Queen_, 92

" Pomegranate of, 218

Arlington, _Earl of_ (Bennet), 63

Armagh, _Archbishop of_ (Usher), 377