CHAPTER XXX.

Trouble with the Up-Country Indians--Causes of their Disquiet--Their Opinion of the Americans--"Humbugged and Cheated"--Fear of Greater Frauds in the Future--Resolve not to Submit--Their Feelings Toward Dr. Whitman--Acts of Violence--Influence of the Catholic Missionaries--A Season of Severe Sickness--What Provoked the Massacre--Joe Lewis the Half-Breed--The Fatal Test--Sickness Among the Immigrants--Dr. Whitman's Family--Persons at the Mission and Mill--Helen Mar--Arrival of Mr. Whitman and his Daughter--A Night Visit to the Umatilla--In the Lodge of Stickas, the Walla-Walla Chief--The Warning of Stickas and His Family--The Death Song--"Beware of the Cayuses at the Mission!"--Mr. Spaulding meets Brouillet, the Catholic Bishop--News of the Massacre--Escape to the Woods--Night Journeys to Lapwai, 334