Chapter 5

THE END OF ROMAN BRITAIN

A.D. 211-455

§ A.--Era of Pretenders--Probus--Vandlebury--First notice of Saxons--Origin of name--Count of the Saxon Shore--Carausius --Allectus--Last Romano-British coinage--Britain Mistress of the Sea--Reforms of Diocletian--Constantius Chlorus--Re-conquest of Britain--Diocletian provinces--Diocletian persecution--The last "Divus"--General scramble for Empire--British army wins for Constantine--Christianity established ... _p_. 218

§ B.--Spread of Gospel--Arianism--Britain orthodox--Last Imperial visit--Heathen temples stripped--British Emperors--Magnentius--Gratian--Julian--British corn-trade--First inroad of Picts and Scots--Valentinian--Saxon raids--Campaign of Theodosius--Re-conquest of Valentia--Wall restored and cities fortified ... _p_. 229

§ C.--Roman evacuation of Britain begun--Maximus--Settlement of Brittany--Radagaisus invades Italy--Twentieth Legion leaves Britain--Britain in the 'Notitia'--Final effort of British army--The last Constantine--Last Imperial Rescript to Britain--Sack of Rome by Alaric--Final collapse of Roman rule in Britain ... _p_. 235

§ D.--Beginning of English Conquest--Vortigern--Jutes in Thanet--Battle of Stamford--Massacre of Britons--Valentinian III.--Latest Roman coin found in Britain--Progress of Conquest--The Cymry--Survival of Romano-British titles--Arturian Romances--Procopius--Belisarius--Roman claims revived by Charlemagne--The British Empire ... _p_. 244

§ E.--Survivals of Romano-British civilization--Romano-British Church--Legends of its origin--St. Paul--St. Peter--Joseph of Arimathaea--Glastonbury--Historical notices--Claudia and Pudens--Pomponia--Church of St. Pudentiana--Patristic references to Britain--Tertullian--Origen--Legend of Lucius--Native Christianity--British Bishops at Councils--Testimony of Chrysostom and Jerome ... _p_. 249

§ F.--British missionaries--Ninias--Patrick--Beatus--British heresiarchs--Pelagius--Fastidius--Pelagianism stamped out by Germanus--The Alleluia Battle--Romano-British churches--Why so seldom found--Conclusion ... _p_. 261

ROMAN BRITAIN