Part 8

Nitrocellulose, insoluble 24·9 1·5 ” soluble 61·7 96·5 Starch, agar and dye 11·5 -- Moisture 1·9 2·0

The shot-gun powder was a fibrous bulk powder, and the charge for a 12-bore cartridge was 33 grains. The rifle powder was gelatinised.

=TROJAN COAL POWDER= is an American coal-mine explosive on the Permissible List. It contains nitro-starch.

=TROTYL= is a name for trinitro-toluene.

=TUNNELIT= is a German safety explosive containing ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate, not more than 10 per cent. of trinitro-toluene (or not more than 6 per cent. together with not more than 2 per cent. of neutral liquid trinitro-toluene), not more than 20 per cent. of dinitro-chlorhydrin, not more than 5 per cent. of nitroglycerine, not more than 1 per cent. of collodion cotton, and carbohydrates.

=TUNNELITE= is an American coal-mine explosive on the Permissible List. Brands AA, B and C are ammonium nitrate explosives, whereas numbers 3 to 8, 6LF and 8LF are nitroglycerine explosives.

=TURPINITE.= See =PANCLASTITE=.

=TUTOL.=--A coal-mine explosive made by the Westphalia Anhalt Explosives Co. in Germany. It was on the old Permitted List. A variation of it, No. 2, was for a time on the new List, but it was repealed in Nov. 1916.

No. 2. Nitroglycerine 25 25 Potassium nitrate 33 -- Barium nitrate 2 -- Sodium nitrate -- 29 Wood meal 39·8 36·3 Sodium chloride -- 9·5 Sodium bicarbonate 0·2 0·2

Limit charge -- 22 oz. Power (swing of ballistic pendulum) -- 2·11”

=UPLEES POWDER.=--A coal-mine explosive of the Grisounite type made by the Cotton Powder Co. It was for a time on the Permitted List but was repealed in 1914.

=VELOX GELATINE.=--A blasting explosive for hard rock made by the British South African Explosives Co. It contains less nitroglycerine than blasting gelatine, and is intended to husband stocks of glycerine (“Arms and Explosives,” 1916, p. 81).

Gelatine =VENDER= is a Swiss explosive consisting of dinitro-acetin gelatinised with a little collodion cotton and mixed with ammonium nitrate.

=VICTOR POWDER= was a coal-mine explosive made by Nobel’s Explosives Co. There were two varieties at one time on the Permitted List--

No. 2. _Date of Permit_ 13-5-14 15-1-15 Ammonium nitrate 68 67 Potassium chloride 14·5 -- Sodium chloride -- 15 Nitroglycerine 8·5 9 Wood meal 9 9

Limit charge 18 16 Power (swing of ballistic pendulum) 2·96” 2·63”

=VICTORITE.=--A coal-mine explosive of the Carbonite type made by Nobel’s Explosives Co. It was on the old Permitted List.

=VIEILLE POWDER.= See Poudre =B=.

=VIGORIT.= See =MONACHIT=.

=VIGORITE= is a name that has been given to several explosives in the past. One of these, manufactured in California in the ’seventies of the last century, contained potassium chlorate and nitroglycerine, and consequently was decidedly dangerous. It gave rise to a serious accident on the Grand Trunk Railway.

The Atlas Powder Co. in America manufacture a series of coal-mine explosives under this name. They are nitroglycerine explosives.

=VIKING POWDER= is a coal-mine explosive made by Nobel’s Explosives Co. There are two varieties on the Permitted List--

No. 1. No. 2. _Date of Permit_ 15-1-15 15-1-15 Ammonium nitrate 59 67 Nitroglycerine 10 8·5 Wood meal 10 8·5 Sodium chloride 20 15 Magnesium carbonate 1 1

Limit charge 26 18 oz. Power (swing of ballistic pendulum) 2·44” 2·59”

This explosive is used extensively.

=VIRITE.=--A coal-mine explosive made by the Nitrate Explosives Co. which was on the old Permitted List--

Ammonium nitrate 38 Potassium nitrate 35·5 Sulphur 4·5 Charcoal 11·5 Ammonium oxalate 10·5

There have been other explosives of the same name.

=VULCAN POWDER= is a brand of American dynamite.

=W.A.= See Lafflin and Rand.

=WALLONITE.=--A Belgian blasting and coal-mine explosive--

II. III.

Ammonium nitrate 90 70 70 Sodium nitrate -- 20 25 Nitrated resin 10 10 5

Charge limite 50 125 600 g.

=*WALSRODE SHOT-GUN POWDER= was a gelatinised 28-grain dense powder, which the German makers endeavoured to introduce into England in the ’nineties, but it gave high pressures. A powder of this name is still used in Germany, however, but it is a 35-grain powder in the form of small grains, greyish white and greyish green in colour.

=WALSRODE SICHERHEITS-SPRENGSTOFF= is a German coal-mine explosive containing ammonium nitrate, trinitro-toluene, flour, and a little guncotton and sometimes sodium chloride.

Wetter-Walsrode is also an ammonium nitrate explosive. It contains no guncotton but may contain potassium nitrate, sodium chloride, naphthalene, and various other substances.

=WESTFALITE= is a coal-mine explosive which is made in Germany and England. The German explosives vary much in composition, and some of them are intended for ordinary blasting. Some of those recently introduced contain up to 10 per cent. of potassium perchlorate. Originally Westfalite was made by milling ammonium nitrate with an alcoholic solution of gum lac, but later the use of the gum was abandoned.

British Westfalite, Ltd., had two mixtures on the old Permitted List--

No. 1. No. 2. Ammonium nitrate 95 91 Potassium nitrate -- 4 Resin 5 5

That formerly on the Permitted List differed considerably from the above--

Westfalite No. 3. _Date of Permit_ 1-9-13 Ammonium nitrate 60 Potassium nitrate 14 Trinitro-toluene 5 Ammonium chloride 21

Limit charge 12 oz. Power (swing of ballistic pendulum) 2·55”

=WETTERDYNAMIT= is a name that has been given in Germany to various coal-mine explosives containing nitroglycerine.

=WETTER-DYNAMMON.= See =DYNAMMON=.

=*WETTEREN.=--A gelatinised rifle smokeless powder made by the Cooppal Co. of Belgium. The following analyses were given in “Arms and Explosives,” 1917, p. 91--

_Date of Sample_ 1892 1893 Nitrocellulose, insoluble 16·0 57·3 ” soluble 46·2 37·6 Nitroglycerine 27·3 -- Shellac -- 3·5 Charcoal 9·0 -- Moisture 1·5 1·6

=WHITE GUNPOWDER= is a mixture of--

Potassium chlorate 50 Potassium ferrocyanide 25 Sugar 25

It is not produced commercially, and, indeed, is too sensitive, but it is sometimes made in the laboratory. It has also been called Angendre’s powder, White German powder, American powder, and Baron and Cauvet’s powder.

=WILHELMIT= is a German blasting explosive of the Cheddite type. It consists of sodium or potassium chlorate hydrocarbon oil with a flash point not below 30° C., and carbohydrates. For use in coal mines neutral salts are added. It was introduced during the War.

=WITHNELL POWDER.=--A coal-mine explosive of the Grisounite type made by the Lancashire Explosives Co., which was on the old Permitted List--

Ammonium nitrate 89·5 Trinitro-toluene 5 Flour 5·5

=WITTENBERGER WETTERDYNAMIT.= See =SALIT=.

=XPDITE= is an American coal-mine explosive on the Permissible List. It is made by the Hercules Powder Co., and contains nitroglycerine.

=YONCKITE.=--A Belgian ammonium perchlorate explosive. The composition has been varied somewhat, and one formula, No. 10, is on the list of Explosifs S.G.P., and consequently is permitted for use in Belgian coal mines. No. 1 is a more powerful explosive used for general blasting.

No. 10. I. Ammonium perchlorate 25 20 Ammonium nitrate 30 27 Sodium nitrate 15 27 Barium nitrate -- 6 Trinitro-toluene 10 20 Sodium chloride 20 --

Charge limite 900 g.

=ZELTIT.= See Celtite.

INDEX OF CONSTITUENTS

Acid, Nitric. Hellhofite. Sprengel Explosives.

Acid, Picric. _See_ Picric Acid.

Agar. Amasite. Troisdorf Smokeless Powder.

Albumen. Plessit.

Alcohol, Amyl. B.

Alum, Chromium Ammonium. Chromamonit.

Aluminium. Alsilite. Alumatol. Ammonal. Donarit A. Echo. Lignosit. Perrumpit. St. Helen’s Powder. Telsit. Thermit.

Ammonium Nitrate, Chloride, etc. _See_ Nitrate, Chloride, etc.

Ammonium Nitrocresol-sulphonate. Raschit.

Amyl Alcohol. B.

Aniline. Filite.

Aniline Hydrochloride. Progressit.

Antimony Sulphide. Flobert Ammunition.

Aromatic Nitro-compounds. _See_ Nitro-compounds.

Barium Nitrate, etc. _See_ Nitrate, etc.

Bark. Cahuecit.

Bauxite. Lignosit.

Bicarbonate, Sodium. C. S. P. Tutol.

Bichromate, Ammonium. J.

Bichromate, Potassium. Ammonal. Dahmenite. J. Petroklastit.

Bisulphide, Carbon. Panclastite. Sprengel Explosives.

Borax. Haylite. Rippite. Samsonite.

Bran. Forcite.

Briquette Powder. Loewenpulver.

Calcium Silicide Sabulite.

Camphor. E. C. Powder. Herculite. M. Rottweil Smokeless Powder.

Carbohydrates. _See also_ Cellulose, Flour, Starch, Vegetable Meal, Wood Meal. Albit. Alkalsit. Chloratzite. Foerdit. Gesilit. Tunnelit. Wilhelmit.

Carbon Bisulphide. Panclastite. Sprengel Explosives.

Carbonaceous Substances. Nobelit.

Carbonate, Calcium. Blasting Gelatine. Cambrite. Carbonite. Clydite. Dynamite. Gelatine Dynamite. Gelignite. Kynite. Pit-ite. Russelite.

Carbonate, Magnesium. _See also_ Magnesite. Blasting Gelatine. Dynobel. Gelatine Dynamite. Monobel. Oaklite. Stomonal. Thames Powder. Viking Powder.

Carbonate, Sodium. Britonite. Carbonite. Clydite. Forcite Antigrisouteuse. Lignosit. Minite. Pit-ite. Rhexit.

Cellulose. Antigel. Colinit. Flammivore. Grisoutite.

Cellulose Residue. Raschit.

Chalk, French. Nitro-Densite.

Charcoal. Amide Powder. Ammonal. Ammoniakkrut. Ammonpulver. Neu Anagon. Aphosite. Astralit. Bavarit. Black Powder. Bobbinite. Bomlit. Cannonite. Denaby Powder. Detonit. Dragonite. Fulmenit. Hebler Powder. Lithofracteur. M.B. Powder. Monachit. Normanite. Perchlorit. Praeposit. Pulvérin. Rhenanit. Smokeless Diamond. Virite. Wetteren.

Charcoal, Cork. Carbo-Dynamite. Oxyliquit.

Charcoal, Curcuma. Titanite.

Charcoal, Red. Dynammon.

Charcoal, Straw. Cocoa Powder.

Chlorate, Potassium. Albit. Alkalsit. Barbarit. Cheddite. Chloratzite. Flobert Ammunition. Hassia-Chlorat. Himalayite. Kinetit. Kiwit. Koronit. L. C. Pulver. Mercurit. Miedziankit. Mitchellite. Naphthalit. O. Petrolit. Pierrite. Plessit. Prométhée. Rack-a-Rock. Rivalit (Chlorat-). Sebomite. Silesia. Sprengel Explosives. Steelite. Vigorite. White Gunpowder. Wilhelmit.

Chlorate, Sodium. Albit. Alkalsit. Cheddite. Kiwit. Koronit. O. Wilhelmit.

Chloride, Ammonium. Anchorite. Cornil. Curtisite (Super-). Denaby Powder. Densite. Dreadnought Powder. Essex Powder. Excellite (Super-). Expedite. Faversham Powder. Favier Explosive. Fortex (New). Fractorite. Fumyl. Kentite. Mersey Powder. Romperit. Sabulite. Westfalite.

Chloride, Potassium. Ammonite. Astralit. Cambrite. Carbonite (Ammon-). Dahmenite. Dominite. Dynamit (Gallerte-). Elsagit. Foerdit. Gehlingerit (Wetter-). Monachit. Monobel. Naphthalit. Nationalite. Nobelit. Pannonit. Rippite. Samsonite. Victor Powder.

Chloride, Sodium. Abbcite. Abelite. Alsilite. Ammonite. Astralit. Bellite. Britonite. Carbonite (Ammon-). Cliffite (Super-). Cosilit. Dahmenite. Donarit (Wetter-). Dorfit. Dreadnought Powder. Du Pont Permissible. Dynobel. Elsagit. Excellite (Super-). Favier Explosives. Foerdit. Fulmenit. Gehlingerit (Wetter-). Gesilit. Glueckauf. Haylite. Kiwit. Koronit. Leonit. Lignosit. Miedziankit. Monarkite. Monobel. Naphthalit. Nationalite. Negro Powder. Nobelit. Orkanit. Pannonit. Permon Powder. Perrumpit. Pfalzit. Plessit. Pulvérite. Rex Powder. Rhenanit. Roburite. Romperit. Salit. Samsonite. Seamex. Siegenit. Silesia. Stomonal. Syndite. Thames Powder. Tremonit. Tutol. Victor Powder. Viking Powder. Walsrode Sicherheits-Sprengstoff. Yonckite.

Chlor-Naphthalenes. Amvis. Roburite.

Chromate, Lead. Cornil. Halakite.

Chromium Ammonium Alum. Chromamonit.

Coal. Alkalsit. Ammoniakkrut. Carbonite (Ammon-). Judson Powder. Koronit. Lithofracteur. Loewenpulver. Sprengsalpeter.

Coke. Dahmenit.

Collodion Cotton. _See_ Nitro-cotton.

Copper Nitrate Ammonia. Glueckauf.

Copper Nitrate Aniline. Anilit.

Copper Sulphate Aniline. Anilit.

Cork Charcoal. _See_ Charcoal.

Cresylate, Ammonium. C. Ecrasite.

Curcuma Meal. Dahmenit.

Curcuma Charcoal. Titanite.

Dextrin. Dynamit (Sicherheits-). Flammivore. Foerdit. Gesilit. Pannonit. Salit.

Dimethyl-diphenyl-urea. Centralite.

Dinitro-acetin. Vender.

Dinitro-benzene. Abelite. Amvis. Bellite. Cannonite. Dahmenit. Denaby Powder. Dynobel. Gathurst Powder. Glueckauf. Good Luck. Granatfuellung. Hellhofite. Odite. Roburite. Securite.

Dinitro-chlorhydrin. Astralit. Donarit. Helit. Perilit. Prosperit. Tunnelit.

Dinitro-glycerine. Dahmenite. Tremonit.

Dinitro-glycol. Gelignite.

Dinitro-naphthalene. Ammonite. Astralit. Cornil. Favier Explosives. Fractorite. Kiwit. Minolite. Schneiderite.

Dinitro-phenol. Shellite.

Dinitro-toluene. Abbcite. Ajax Powder. Antigel. Astralit. Blastine. Cheddite. Densite. Dominit. Dynobel. Erin Gelignite. Excellite. Flammivore. Gelignite. Gesilit. Halalite. Kiwit. Kynarkite. Leonit. Nationalite. Neonal. Perdit. Salit. Siegenit.

Diphenylamine. B. Filite. Foerdit (Ammon-). N. C. T. Rottweil Smokeless Powder.

Fat. _See also_ Tallow. Aerolit. Thornit.

Fat, Vegetable. Thornit.

Fatty Acid Salt. Dynamit (Wettersicheres-).

Ferrocyanide, Potassium. Cannonite. White Gunpowder.

Ferro-Silicon. Echo.

Ferro-Silicon-Aluminium. Alsilite.

Flour. _See also_ Meal. Alkalsit. Carbonite (Ammon-). Colinit. Dorfit. Dynamit (Wettersicheres-). Foerdit. Fractorite. Gehlingerit. Helagon. Helit. Minite. Monachit. Naphthalit. Perilit. Pulvérite. Roburite. Romperit. Securophore. Siegenit. Teutonit. Walsrode Sicherheits-Sf. Withnell Powder.

Flour, Pea. Gesilit.

Flour, Roasted. Aetna Powder.

Flour, Rye. Donarit. Flammivore. Forcite Antigrisouteuse. Tremonit.

Flour, Wheat. Essex Powder. Ligdyn. Seamex. Stomonal.

French Chalk. Nitro-Densite.

Fulminate, Mercury. Flobert Ammunition.

Gelatine. Dynamit (Wettersicheres-).

Glycerine. Dominit. Dynamit (Sicherheits-). Foerdit. Halakite. Pannonit. Permon Powder. Plastammon. Romperit. Syndite.

Graphite. Negro Powder. Nitrokol. Perrumpit. T.

Gum. Dorfit (Per-). T.

Gum Lac. Westfalite.

Guncotton. Axite. Bomlit. Cordite. C. P. C. S. P. Fulmenit. Indurite. Kiwit. Lafflin and Rand. S. Sengite. T. Tonite. Walsrode Sicherheits-Sprengstoff.

Hexanitro-diphenylamine.

Hexanitro-diphenyl Sulphide. Granatfuellung.

Hipposin. Praeposit.

Hydrocarbons. _See also_ Mineral Jelly, Vaseline, Naphthalene, Oils, Paraffin Wax and Turpentine. Alkalsit. Astralit. Bomlit. Dynamit (Wettersicheres-). Koronit. Naphthalit. Persalit. Prométhée. Rack-a-Rock. Rexol. Sprengel Explosives. Wilhelmit.

Inert Substances. _See also_ Chlorides, Neutral Substances, Oxalates, etc. Koronit.

Iron Oxide. Rack-a-Rock. Thermit.

Ivory, Vegetable. Meganit.

Kerosine. _See_ Oil, Kerosine.

Kieselguhr. Dynamite. Giant Powder. Lithofracteur. Oxyliquit.

Lac. _See_ Gum Lac, Shellac.

Lampblack. Cahuecit. Cannonite.

Lead Nitrate, Chromate. _See_ Nitrate, Chromate.

Magnesia. Forcite.

Magnesite. Romperit.

Magnesium. Ophorite.

Magnesium Carbonate. _See_ Carbonate.

Manganese Dioxide. _See_ Oxide.

Meal, Curcuma. Dahmenite.

Meal, Potato. Astralit. Helagon. Helit. Permon Powder. Romperit. Teutonit.

Meal, Sago. Aerolit.

Meal, Vegetable. _See also_ Flour, Starch, Wood Meal, etc. Albit. Astralit. Cahuecit (Ammon-). Cosilit. Dahmenite. Detonit. Dominit. Donarit. Dorfit. Dynamit (Sicherheits-). Elsagit. Foerder Sicherheits-Sprengstoff. Foerdit. Fulmenit. Glueckauf. Halalite. Hammonit. Kiwit. Koronit. Leonit. Monachit. Perchlorit. Perrumpit. Persalit. Pfalzit. Prosperit. Rhenanit. Rivalit. Thornit. Tremonit.

Mercury Fulminate. Flobert Ammunition.

Mineral Jelly. _See also_ Vaseline. Axite. Ballistite. C. S. P. Cordite. Gelatine Dynamite. Haylite. Moddite. Monarkite. Solenite.

Myrobalans. Amasite.

Naphthalene. Bomlit. Dahmenite. Kiwit. Koronit. Naphthalit. Rhenanit. Walsrode Sicherheits-Sprengstoff.

Neutral Substances. _See also_ Inert Substances and Salts. Helagon. Helit.

Nitrate, Ammonium. Abbcite. Abelite. Aerolit. Aetna Coal Powder. Alkalsit. Alsilite. Alumatol. Amatol. Amatoxol. Amide Powder. Ammonal. Ammoniakkrut. Ammonite. Ammonpulver. Amvis. Neu Anagon. Anchorite. Anilit. Aphosite. Astralit. Baelenite. Bautzener Sicherheits-pulver. Bavarit. Bellite. Bental Coal Powder. Bituminite. Black Diamond. Bomlit. C. Cahuecit. Cameron Mine Powder. Carbonite (Ammon-). Chromamonit. Cilferite. Cliffite (Super-). Coalite. Colinit. Collier Powder. Cornil. Cronite. Cugnite. Curtisite. Dahmenite. Denaby Powder. Densite. Detonit. Detonite Special. Dominit. Donarite. Dorfit. Dreadnought Powder. Du Pont Permissible. Dynamite. Dynammon. Dynobel. Echo. Electronite. Elsagit. Excellite. Expedite. Extra Dynamite. Faversham Powder. Favier Explosives. Flammivore. Foerder Sicherheitssprengstoff. Foerdit. Forcite. Fortex. Fractorite. Fuel-ite. Fuellpulver. Fulmenit. Gathurst Powder. Gehlingerit. Gelatiné a l’Ammoniaque. Gesilit. Giant Coal Mine Powder. Giant Powder (Extra). Glueckauf. Good Luck. Grisoutine. Guardian. Halalite. Hammonit. Haylite. Hebler Powder. Hecla No. 2. Kanite. Kentite. Leonit. Lignosit. Lowinite. Luxit. Melling Powder. Mersey Powder. Miner’s Friend. Minite. Min-ite. Minolite. Monachit. Monarkite. Monobel. Monobel Powder. Nationalite. Negro Powder. Nitrolit. Nobel Ammonia Powder. Nobelit. Oakley Quarry Powder. Oaklite. Odite. Pannonit. Pastanil. Perchlorit. Perdit. Permon Powder. Permonite. Perrumpit. Persalit. Pfalzit. Picramite. Pitsea Powder. Pniowit. Progressit. Prosperit. Pulvérite. Raschit. Red H. Rex Powder. Rexite. Rhenanit. Rivalit. Roburite. Romperit. Sabulite. St. Helen’s Powder. Salit. Schlesit. Schneiderite. Seamex. Securite. Siegenit. Stanford Powder. Stomonal. Sunderite. Superite. Syndite. Telsit. Teutonit. Thames Powder. Thornit. Titanite. Tremonit. Tunnelit. Tunnelite. Uplees Powder. Vender. Victor Powder. Viking Powder. Virite. Wallonite. Walsrode Sicherheits-Sprengstoff. Westfalite. Withnell Powder. Yonckite.

Nitrate, Barium. Amberite. Baratol. Bautzener Sicherheits-Sprengstoff. Cambrite. Cannonite. Carbonite. Clydite. Denaby Powder. Electronite. Flammivore. Forcite. Gelignite. Halakite. Haylite. Kolax. Kynarkite. Kynite. M. Nitro-Densite. Pit-ite. S. Tonite. Tutol. Yonckite.

Nitrate, Lead. Halakite. Macarite. Minolite. Triplastit.

Nitrate, Potassium. Aerolit. Albionite. Amberite. Amide Powder. Aphosite. Arkite. Astralit. Axite. Black Powder. Bobbinite. Bomlit. Britonite. Brugère’s Powder. Cahuecit. Cambrite. Cannonite. Carbite d’Ablon. Carbonite. Celtite. Chromamonite. Cocoa Powder. Cornil. Cornish Powder. Curtisite (Super-). Dahmenite. Denaby Powder. Densite. Dominit. Dorfit. Dragonite. Dynamite. Dynammon. Elsagit. Essex Powder. Excellite (Super-). Expedite. Faversham Powder. Favier Explosives. Flammivore. Forcite. Fortex (New). Fracturite. Gelatine Dynamite. Gelignite. Giant Powder. Glueckauf. Grisoutine. Hammonit. Haylite. Hebler Powder. Herculite. Kent Powder. Kentite. Kinetit. Kolax. Kynarkite. Lignosit. Loewenpulver. M. M.B. Minite. Monachit. Normanite. Oaklite. Perilit. Petroklastit. Phœnix Powder. Pit-ite. Pitsea Powder. Plastammon. Praeposit. Pulvérin. Rippite. Roburite. Romperit. Russelite. S. Sabulite. Samsonite. Saxonite. Sheppey Powder. Stonax. Stow-ite. Superite. Swalite. T. Thames Powder. Tutol. Virite. Walsrode Sicherheits-Sprengstoff. Westfalite.