Part 1

Transcribed from the 1837 edition by David Price, email [email protected]

CUSSONS’ HORNCASTLE COMPENDIUM.

1837.

LINCOLNSHIRE.

On the north, Lincolnshire is bounded by the Humber, which separates it from Yorkshire: the German Ocean and an arm of the sea called the Wash, bound it on the East; on the South it abuts on Rutlandshire, Northamptonshire and Cambridgeshire, its general form is an irregular oblong. It is in the Province of Canterbury, the Diocese of Lincoln, and in the Midland Circuit.

Lincolnshire being proverbially a County of Fens, has obtained a name for an unhealthy climate, which, however, just it may have been in some parts in bygone times, is now by no means applicable; for the causes of the cold, damp and aguish character, have been for many years declining: the progress of drainage, and a more complete cultivation, have gradually contributed to render the air more dry, and consequently more healthy. This remark may be made relative to all districts, which become more salubrious in proportion as they are more cultivated; and more friendly to human life, in proportion as the means of supporting human life are increased in productiveness. The centre of the County and the district of the Trent is very healthy: the air on the coast is very salubrious, and numbers flock to it every summer in search of health and relaxation.

There are two ranges of very high land running though the greater part of the County from North to South: that in the East may be called mountainous and is called the Wolds; the Western range, on which stands the County Town, is called the Cliff; more westward still is a fine extent of rich pasture, along which the Trent passes.

Eastward of the Wolds lies also an extensive tract of fine feeding land, which is watered by overflowing springs; on boring the substratum of clay, fine spring water gushes up, and in most places will rise ten feet above the surface, if confined in a tube: these cheap artificial springs are general, and many hundreds are continually running, contributing greatly to the fertility and value of the land.

The fens form the most prominent feature of the County: where fully cultivated and completely drained their produce is incredible; but it is a subject of great regret, that no general system of drainage, including every district which can be made to communicant with the sea, has yet been effected: nothing short of one uniform and connected plan can be of full avail: and so many apparently rival interests are at stake, and so little real public spirit exists, notwithstanding that it is so much boasted of, that such an universal plan is more to be wished for than hoped for.

The soil of Lincolnshire is so various as to include all sorts of land that are to be found in the whole kingdom, and its management varies accordingly.

Rabbits have always been an article of great consideration and attention in the light soils of this County, and immense warrens are kept for the purpose of supplying London with the skins; this was once as profitable a stock as could be attended to; but latterly many warrens have been laid down to other put poses.

It is impossible to speak too highly of the cottage system of this county. Round Folkingham and other places, when inclosures took place, during the late war, by the acts of parliament, at least three acres of land were assigned to every cottage; this, of course includes a garden and keep for a cow: thus land, gardens, cows and pigs, are within reach of the labouring classes. On views of humanity and benevolence only it is gratifying to the considerate breast to see in comfortable circumstances that class of people on which all other classes depend.

Population of Lincolnshire.

Males Females Total 158,717 158,527 317,244

Of which the following shows the larger numbers.

Males Females Total Lincoln, City 5,644 6,199 11,843 Grantham, Borough, with the soke 5,216 5,564 10,780 Elloe, Wapentake 15,193 14,121 29,314 Kirton, Wapentake 7,469 7,308 14,777 Boston, Borough 5,094 6,146 11,240 Bolingbroke, soke 2,729 5,590 11,259 Bradley-Haverstoe, Wapentake 5,953 5,966 11,919 Calceworth, Hundred 5,118 5,148 10,266 Corringham, Wapentake 6,465 6,718 13,183 Louth Eske, Hundred 6,904 7,123 14,027 Manley, Wapentake 11,511 11,516 23,037 Yarborough, Wapentake 9,660 9,819 19,497

Representation of Lincolnshire.

_For the two divisions of the county_.

Lindsey (_Lincoln_) 2 Members Kesteven and Holland (_Sleaford_) 2 _City and Boroughs_ Lincoln 2 Great Grimsby 1 Boston 2 Grantham 2 Stamford 2

FAIRS IN LINCOLNSHIRE.

Market-days are marked thus, M. Monday, Tu. Tuesday, &c.

_Alford_, Whit Tu. and Nov. 8. Tu.

_Barton_, Trinity Thursday. M.

_Belton_, Sept 25.

_Boston_, May 4 for sheep, 5 for beasts, Aug. 5 for fat cattle, Nov. 18, 19, 20, horse mart, Dec. 11 beast mart. W. S.

_Bourn_, Sep. 30, Oct. 29. S.

_Brigg_, Aug. 5. Th.

_Burgh_, May 13, Oct. 2. Th.

_Burwell_, Old Michaelmas day.

_Caistor_, Sat. before Palm Sunday, May 19, June 1, Sat. after Oct. 11. S.

_Corby_, Aug. 26, Mon. before Oct. 11. W.

_Caythorpe_, April 29.

_Crowland_, June 28, Sep. 5. Th.

_Crowle_, last Mon. in May, Nov. 22. M.

_Donington_, May 26, Aug. 17, Sep. 4, and Oct. 17. S.

_Epworth_, first Th. after May 1, Th. after Sep. 29. S.

_Falkingham_, Ash Wed. Palm Mon. May 13, June 14, 15, July 3, 4, Th. after old Mich. Nov. 22. Th.

_Gainsborough_, Mart Tu. in Easter week, fair-day after Tu. after Oct. 20. Tu.

_Grantham_, 5th Mon. in Lent, Holy Th. July 10, Oct. 26. Dec. 17. S.

_Grimsby_, June 17, Sep. 15. F.

_Haxey_, July 6.

_Heckington_, Wed. before Lincoln April sheep fair, Oct. 10.

_Holbeach_, May 17, Sep. 17, Oct. 11. Th.

_Horncastle_, Cattle mart 4th Th. in Lent, June 22, Aug. 21, Oct. 29. S.

_Kirton_, July 18, Dec. 11. S.

_Lincoln_, 1st Thurs. after 2nd Tu. in old April for sheep, Friday for beasts, Mon. and Tu. (same week) for horses, July 5, 1st Wed. after 12th Sep. 3 days, Nov. 28. F.

_Louth_, 3rd Mon. after Easter Mon. Aug. 4, Old Martinmas day. W. S.

_Long Sutton_, May 13, 14, Friday after Sep. 25th. F.

_Ludford_, Aug. 2, Nov. 30.

_Market Deeping_, Oct. 11, last Wed. in July. Th.

_Market Raisen_, Sep. 25. Tu.

_Messingham_, Trinity Monday. Th.

_Navenby_, Aug. 18, Oct. 17.

_New Bolingbroke_, July 10. Tu.

_Partney_, Aug. 25, Sep. 18, 19, Oct. 18, 19.

_Saltfleet_, Oct. 3. S.

_Scotter_, July 10.

_Sleaford_, Plow Mon. Easter Mon. Whit Mon. Aug. 12, Oct. 20. M.

_Spalding_, April 27, June 29, Aug. 28, Sep. 25. Dec. 6. Tu.

_Spilsby_, Mon. before Whit Mon. & Mon. after, 2nd Mon. after if in May, 1st Mon. after 12th July. S.

_Spittle_, Nov. 22.

_Stamford_, Tues. before Feb. 13, Mon. before Midlent, Midlent Mon. Mon. before May 12, June 25, Aug. 5, Nov. 8. M. F.

_Stockwith_, Sep. 4.

_Stow_, Oct. 10.

_Stow Green_, July 3, 4.

_Swaton_, Oct. 11.

_Swineshead_, 2nd Thurs. in June, Oct. 2 (cheese fair). Th.

_Swinestead_, Monday after Oct. 11

_Tattershall_, May 15, Sep. 25, Th. fat stock market first Th. in Oct., and following weeks during the season.

_Tedford_, Mon. after Easter Mon. Dec. 6

_Torksey_, Whit Monday.

_Wainfleet_, 3rd Sat. in May, July 5, Aug. 24, Oct. 24. S.

_Winteringham_, July 14.

_Winterton_, July 5.

_Wragby_, Holy Thurs. Sept. 29. Th.

FAIRS IN YORKSHIRE.

Aberford, last Mon. in April and May, first Mon. in Oct., first Mon. after Oct. 18, first Mon. after Nov. 2

Adwalton, Feb. 6, March 9, Easter Th. and every Th. fortnight after, till Michaelmas

Aldborough, September 4

Appletreewick, October 20, 27

Askrig, May 10, 17, first Thur. in June, October 28, 29

Astwick, Thur. before Whit Sun.

Barnsley, Wed. before Feb. 28, May 13, Oct. 11

Bawtry, Whit Thur., Nov. 22

Bedale, Easter Tu., Whit Tu., June 6, 7, July 5, 6, Oct. 11, 12, Dec. 13

Bentham, Jan. 25, June 22, Sat. in Easter week, October 25

Beverley, Thur. before Feb. 25, Holy Th., July 5, Nov. 5, principal markets for cattle Wed. before April 6, Wed. before May 12, Wed. before Sep. 14, Wed. after Dec. 25

Bingley, Jan. 25, Aug. 25, 26, 27

Black-Burton, Whit Monday

Bolton, June 28

Bradfield, June 17, Dec. 9

Boroughbridge, April 27, 28, June 22, 23, Oct. 23

Bradford, March 3, 4, June 17, 18, 19, Dec. 9, 10, 11

Brandsburton, May 14, Cattle Market every alternate Wed. commencing with the principal stallion show the nearest Wed. to April 8

Brawby, first Mon. after July 11

Bridlington, Monday before Whit Sunday, Oct. 21

Brumpton, November 12

Cawood, May 13, Sep. 23

Clapham, September 21

Coxwold, August 25

Dewsbury, Wed. before May 13, Wed. before October 11

Doncaster, Mon. before Feb. 14, April 6, Aug. 5, Nov. 26

Easingwold, July 5, Sep. 25

Fordingham, July 10, Oct. 2

Gargrave, Dec. 11, 29

Grinton, Good Fri. Dec. 21

Guisborough, last Tuesday in Mar. and April, third ditto in May, ditto in Aug., ditto in Sep., 2nd Tues. in Nov.

Guisburn, Easter Monday, 2nd & fourth Monday after, Saturday after the 4th Mon., 5th Monday after Easter, September 18, 19

Halifax, June 24

Harewood, last Monday in April, 2nd Monday in October

Hawes, Whit Tues., Sep. 28

Haworth, July 22, Oct. 14

Hedon, Feb. 14, Aug. 2, Sep. 22, Nov. 17, Dec. 6. A market every other Monday in the year

Helmsley, May 19, July 16, Oct. 3, November 6

Holmsfirth, October 30

Hornsea, Aug. 13, Dec. 17

Howden, April 15, 16, 17, Sep. 25, and six following day (the great horse fair) and every alternate Tuesday for cattle and horses

Huddersfield, March 31, May 14, October 4

Hull, Oct. 11

Hunmanby, May 3, Oct. 29

Ingleton, November 17

Keighly, May 8, Nov. 8

Kettlewell, July 6, Sep. 2

Kilham, Aug. 21, Nov. 12

Kirbymoorside, Whit Wednesday September 18

Kirk-Burton, last Mondays in April and October

Kirkham, Trinity Monday

Knaresborough, Wed. after Jan. 13, Wed. after March 12, May 6, Wed. after Aug. 12, Tuesday after Oct. 11, Wed. after Dec. 10

Lee, Aug. 24, Sep. 17

Leads, July 10, 11, Nov. 8, 9

Leighton, Midsum day, June 24

Leyburn, 2nd Fridays in Feb., May, October and December

Little Driffield, Easter and Whit Mondays, Aug. 26, Sep. 19

Long Preston, March 1, Sep. 29

Malham, June 25, October 4

Malton, Monday before Palm Sunday, Whit Sunday eve, Oct. 11, 12

Masham, September 17, 18

Middleham, Easter and Whit Mondays, Nov. 5, 6

Moor Kirk, June 24

Northallerton, Feb. 14, May 5, Sep. 5, Oct. 3, 2nd Wed. in October

North Duffield, May 4

Otley, Aug. l, Nov. 15

Patrington, March 28, July 18, Dec. 6

Penniston, Thur. before Feb. 28, last Th. in March, Th. before May 12, Th. after Oct. 11

Pickering, Mon. before Feb. 14, ditto before July 6, Sep. 25, Mon. before Oct. 11

Pocklington, March 7, May 6, Aug. 5, Nov. 28, Show of Horses Feb. 24, Dec. 7, 18

Pontefract, first Sat. after 20th day bef. Dec. 25, Feb. 5, first Sat. aft Feb. 13, Sat. before Palm Sun., Low Sun. and Trinity Sun. respectively, Sat. after Sep. 12, first Sat. in Dec. The fortnight Fairs are held on Saturdays after the York fortnight fairs

Reeth, Fri. before Palm Sun., 2nd Fri. before May 13, Fri. before Aug. 24, 2nd Fri. before Nov. 22

Richmond, Sat. after Candlemas, Sat. before Palm Sun., first Sat. in July, Sep. 25

Ripley, Easter Mon. and Tu., Aug. 25, 26, 27

Ripon, Th. after Jan. 13, May 12, 13, first Th. in June, Th. after Aug. 22, Nov. 22

Rotherham, Whit Mon., Dec. 1

Scarborough, Holy Th., Nov. 22

Seamer, July 15

Sedburgh, March 10, Oct. 29

Selby, Easter Tu., June 29, Oct. 11

Settle, Tu. before Palm Sun., Thur. before Good Fri., and every other Fri. till Whit Sun., April 26, Aug. 18 to 21, Tues. after Oct. 27

Sheffield, Trinity Tu., Nov. 28

Sherburn, Oct. 6

Skipton, March 23, Palm Sunday Eve, Easter Eve, first and third Tuesday after Easter, Whit Sun. Eve, Aug. 5, Nov. 20, 22

Slaidburn, Feb. 14, April 15, Aug. l, Oct. 20

Snaith, last Th. in April, Aug. 10, first Friday in Sep.

South Cave, Trinity Mon., and Oct. 24 for cattle

Stokesley, Sat. before Trin. Sun.

Stamford Bridge, Dec. 1

Tadcaster, last Wednesdays in Apr., May and Oct.

Thirst, Shrove Mon., April 5, Aug. 3, 4, 5, Oct. 28, 29, Dec. 14

Thorne, Mon. Tu. and Wed. after June 11, same days after Oct. 11

Tollerton, Aug. 15

Topcliffe, July 17, 18

Wakefield, July 4, 5, Nov. 11, 12

Weighton, May 14, Sep. 25

Wetherby, Holy Th. Aug. 5, Oct. 11, Th. before Nov. 22

Whitgift, July 22

Yarm, Thur. before April 5, Holy Thur., Aug. 2, Oct. 19

York, principal fairs Whit Mon., July 10, Aug. 12, Nov. 22. Principal markets, every other Thur. in the year. Principal Fairs for Horses, on Mon. in the race week, and Mon. in the first whole Week before Dec. 25

COMMERCIAL AND OTHER STAMPS. INLAND BILLS OF EXCHANGE, OR NOTES OF HAND.

Payable to Bearer, or to order, either on demand, or otherwise, Exceeding 2 months not exceeding 2 months after date, or 60 days after sight. or 60 days after sight. _s._ _d._ Amounting to £2 and not £5 5s. 1 0 0 1 6 exceeding Exceeding £5 5s. and not 20 1 6 0 2 0 exceeding Exceeding 20 and not 30 2 0 0 2 6 exceeding Exceeding 30 and not 50 2 6 0 3 6 exceeding Exceeding 50 and not 100 3 6 0 4 6 exceeding Exceeding 100 and not 200 4 6 0 5 0 exceeding

STAMPS FOR RECEIPTS

The Stamp to be provided by the party receiving the money, except when in full of all demands, in which case it is to be paid for by the person requiring such receipt.

Amounting to £5 and not £10 Three Pence. Amounting to 10 and not 20 Six Pence. Amounting to 20 and not 50 One Shilling. Amounting to 50 and not 100 One Shilling and Six Pence. Amounting to 100 and not 200 Two Shillings and Six Pence.

Where any sum therein expressed to be received in full of all demands, Ten Shillings.

BONDS GIVEN AS SECURITY FOR PAYMENT OF MONEY

If the sum does not exceed £50 One Pound Above £50 and not exceeding 100 Thirty Shillings Above 100 and not exceeding 200 Forty Shillings Above 200 and not exceeding 300 Three Pounds Above 300 and not exceeding 500 Four Pounds Above 500 and not exceeding 1000 Five Pounds

LEGACY DUTIES

_Probates and administrations with Wills annexed_.

Value of Effects. Duty Above If £20 and not 100 £0 10 100 200 2 0 200 300 5 0 300 450 8 0 450 600 11 0 600 800 15 0 800 1000 22 0 1000 1500 30 0 1500 2000 40 0 2000 3000 50 0 3000 4000 60 0

_Duties on Legacies_—_value_ £20. _or more_.

per Centum To Children, or their Descendants, or Ancestors £1 To Brother, or Sister, or their Descendants 3 To Uncle, or Aunt, or their Descendants 5 To Great Uncle or Aunt, or their Descendants 6 To all other Relations, or to Strangers 10 Husband, Wife, and Royal Family pay no Legacy Duty.

WINDOW DUTIES.

For every inhabited dwelling house, containing:

Windows £ s. d. 8 0 16 6 9 1 1 0 10 1 8 0 11 1 16 3 12 2 4 9 13 2 13 3 14 3 1 9 15 3 10 0 16 3 18 6 17 4 7 0 18 4 15 3 19 5 3 9 20 5 12 3 21 6 0 6 22 6 9 0 23 6 17 6 24 7 5 9 25 7 14 3 26 8 2 9 27 8 11 0 28 8 19 6 29 9 8 0 30 9 16 3 31 10 4 3 And for every window above 180 0 1 6

_Rules for charging Windows_, _and Exemption_.

Every Window that exceeds 11 feet, by 4 feet 6 inches, to be charged at two windows, except those so made before April 5, 1785, and those in shops, warehouses, &c.

All sky-lights, windows in staircases, garrets, cellars, passages, and all other parts of dwelling-houses, whether adjoining or not, are to be charged. Windows giving light to more than one room, to be charged as separate windows, Windows in dwelling-houses, used solely for the purpose of a manufactory, warehouses or workshops, and not having any communication with the dwelling-house, are exempt; and also windows (not exceeding three) in front shops and warehouses on the ground story, though communicating with the dwelling-houses.

DUTIES ON DOGS.

These Duties, as now consolidated, amount to 20s. for every Greyhound and to 14s. for every Hound, Pointer, Setter, Spaniel, Lurcher, Terrier, or Dog of any other denomination, to any person keeping more than one Dog.—Any person inhabiting an assessed house, and keeping only one Dog, of another description than the foregoing, is liable to the duty of 8s.—Persons compounding for their Hounds to be charged £36.

SUNDRIES.

£ _s._ _d._ Agreements containing not more than 1080 words 1 0 0 Ditto containing more than 1080 words 1 15 0 And for every additional 1080 words, above the 1 5 0 first 1080, a further progressive duty of Affidavits 0 2 6 Awards 1 15 0 Bills of Lading for Goods exported 0 3 0 Bonds of Indemnity 1 15 0 Deeds 1 15 0 Inventories 1 5 0 Letters of Attorney 1 10 0

BANKERS IN LINCOLNSHIRE.

TOWNS FIRMS DRAW UPON Boston W. S. Claypon, Garfit and Masterman and co. co. Ditto H. and T. Gee Roberts and co Ditto Joint Stock Bank Barclay and co. Ditto National Provincial Spooner and co. Bank Brigg Th. Lincoln and Lindsey Prescott and Stock co. Caistor Tu. Ditto Ditto Falkingham Th. Holt and Kewney Barclay and co. Ditto Hardy, Turner and co. Jones and co. Gainsborough Tu. Lincoln and Lindsey Prescott and Stock co. Ditto Smith, Ellison and co. Smith and co. Grantham S. Holt and Kewney Barclay and co. Ditto Hardy, Turner and co. Jones and co. Holbeach Th. Gurneys, Peckover and Barclay and co. co. Horncastle S. Claypon, Garfit and Masterman and co. co. Ditto Lincoln and Lindsey Prescott and Stock co. Lincoln F. Smith, Ellison and co. Smith and co. Ditto Lincoln and Lindsey Prescott and Stock co. Louth W. S. Claypon, Garfit and Masterman and co. co. Ditto Lincoln and Lindsey Prescott and Stock co. Market-Rasen Tu. Smith, Ellison and co. Smith and co. Ditto Lincoln and Lindsey Prescott and Stock co. Sleaford M. Peacock and co. Barnetts and co. Spalding Tu. Claypon, Garfit and Masterman and co. co. Ditto Joint Stock Bank Barclay and co. Spilby M. Claypon, Garfit and Masterman and co. co. Ditto Lincoln and Lindsey Prescott and Stock co. Stamord M. F. Eaton and co. Masterman and co. Ditto Joint Stock Bank Barclay and co.

PROVERBS.

Few men takes his ADVICE who talks a great deal.

And no wonder: for “he who knows but little, presently outs with it.” And, though silence is not necessarily, not in itself a proof of good judgment, excessive talkativeness shows a want of it. The following is an old Grecian adage, translated:—“Tongue! whither goest thou? To build a city and then to destroy it!” signifying, says Erasmus, that the tongue affords great blessings to mankind, and that the same member becomes a cause of dreadful mischief! Our English poet, George Wither, who wrote in 1634, observes in his emblems,

No heart can think to what strange ends, The tongue’s unruly motion tends.

In vain does he ask ADVICE who will not follow it.

“Few things,” says Dr. Johnson, “are so liberally bestowed, or squandered with so little effect, as good advice!”

Well BEGUN is half done.