Part 36

[875] _Theatr. Ins._, p. 134. Topsel’s _Hist. of Beasts_, p. 994. Vide Pierius’ _Hieroglyph._, p. 270-1. Initiatus sacris; Dicacitatis castigatio; Vana garrulitas; Nobilitas generis; Musica.

[876] V. 2, c. 4, Donovan’s _Ins. of China_, p. 32.

[877] _Middle Kingd._

[878] _Surinam_, 49.

[879] Tennent, _Nat. Hist. of Ceylon_, p. 432.

[880] _Desc. of China_, i. 442.

[881] Oliphant’s _Lord Elgin’s Miss. to China_, p. 565.

[882] _Hist. An._, B. 5, c. 24, § 3, 4. Bohn’s edit.

[883] Cf. Bochart, _Hieroz._, ii. 491.

[884] _Phil. Trans._, 1763, n. 10.

[885] _Travels_, i. 331.

Baird says, but on what authority he does not state, that Cicadas are frequently to be seen represented on the Egyptian monuments, and are said to be emblems of the ministers of religion.--_Encycl. of Nat. Sci._

[886] _Insects of Surinam_, p. 49.

[887] Jaeger, _Life of N. A. Ins._, p. 73.

[888] _Ins. of China_, p. 30. That the Lantern-fly emits no light, see _Dict. d’Hist. Nat._; M. Richards’ statement in _Encyclop._, art. _Fulgora_; _Berlin Mag._, i. 153; Kirby and Spence, _Introd._, ii. 414, note; Jaeger, _qua supra_.

[889] Stedman, _Surinam_, ii. 37.

[890] _Hist. of Barbados_, p. 65.

[891] Nat. Hist., xi. 12. Holl. _Trans._, i. 315. E.

[892] Theoph. _Hist. Plant._, iii. 7, 6. Cf. Hes. _Opp. et Dies_, 232, seq. and Bacon, _Syl. Sylvarum_, 496.

[893] St. John’s _Anct. Greeks_, ii. 299.

[894] B. 3, c. xvi. p. 278. Printed 1613.

[895] _Nat. Hist. of Selborne_, p. 366.

[896] K. and S. _Introd._, ii. 9.

[897] Reaumur, iii. xxxi. Pref.

[898] Isaiah, ch. i. v. 18.

[899] Ex. ch. xxvi. xxviii. xxix.

[900] Diosc. iv. 48, p. 260. Pausan. B. x. p. 890.

[901] Beckman’s _Hist. of Inventions_, ii. 163-195. Bancroft _on Perm. Colors_, i. 393-408.

[902] _Nat. Hist. of Ins._, p. 77.

[903] Bancroft _on Permanent Colors_, i. 408-9.

[904] _Hist. of Inventions_, ii. 184.

[905] _Ibid._, 192.

[906] Shaw’s _Zool._, vi. 192.

[907] _Subst. used in Physic_, p. 370.

[908] _Phil. Trans._ for 1791.

[909] Bancroft _on Permanent Colors_, ii. 1-59.

[910] _Baird’s Cyclop. of Nat. Sci._

[911] _Theatr. Ins._, p. 270.

[912] Ray, _Hist. Ins._, 7.

[913] Hence the English word _Bug-bear_. In Matthew’s Bible, the passage of the Psalms (xci. 5), “Thou shalt not be afraid of _the terror_ by night,” is rendered, “Thou shalt not nede to be afraid of any _bugs_ by night.” _Bug_ in this sense often occurs in Shakspeare. _Winter’s Tale_, A. iii. Sc. 2, 3; _Henry VI._, A. v. Sc. 2; _Hamlet_, A. v. Sc. 2.

[914] _Journal_, xvii. 40.

[915] Churchill’s _Col. of Voy. and Trav._, iv. 190.

[916] _Oriental Memoirs_, i. 256.

[917] Astley’s _Col. of Voy. and Trav._, iv. 513. Churchill’s _same_, i. 34.

[918] Owen’s _Geoponika_, ii. 160.

[919] Dr. James says: “Given to the number of seven, as food with beans, they help those who are afflicted with a quartan ague, if they be eaten before the accession of the fit.”--_Med. Dict._

[920] An excellent method, Ajasson remarks, of adding to the tortures of the patient.

[921] Pliny, _Nat. Hist._, xxix. 17. Bostock and Riley’s _Trans._, v. 393.

[922] _Med. Dict._

[923] _Theatr. Ins._, p. 270-1. Topsel’s _Hist. of Beasts_, p. 1098.

[924] Owen’s _Geoponika_, ii. 157.

[925] _London Labor and the London Poor_, iii. 36-9.

[926] _Annals of Nat. Hist._ Simmond’s _Curiosities of Food_, p. 308-311.

[927] _Nature and Art_, xii. 198.

[928] The numerous family of _Culicidæ_ are confounded under the common names of Gnat and Mosquito; hence many mistakes will necessarily arise.

[929] _Theat. Ins._, p. 81. Topsel’s _Hist. of Beasts_, p. 952.

[930] Quot. in N. & Q., ix. 303.

[931] _Phil. Trans._, lvii. 113; Bingley’s _Anim. Biog._, iv. 205.

[932] Germar’s _Mag. der Entomol._, i. 137.

[933] K. & S. _Introd._, i. 114.

[934] _Phil. Trans._, lvii. 112-3.

[935] _Mag. of Nat. Hist._, vi. 545.

[936] _Hist. of Barbados_, p. 63.

[937] _Theatr. Ins._, p. 86. Topsel’s _Hist. of Beasts_, p. 956.

[938] Silliman’s _Journal_, xxii. 375.

[939] _Personal Narrative_, E. T. v. 87. Humboldt has given a detailed account of these insect plagues, by which it appears that among them there are diurnal and crepuscular, as well as nocturnal species, or genera: the Mosquitoes, signifying _little flies_ (_Simulia_), flying in the day; the _Temporaneros_, flying during twilight; and the Zancudos, meaning _long-legs_ (_Culices_), in the night.

[940] Stedm. _Surinam_, ii. 93.

[941] _Ins. Theatr._, p. 82.

[942] _Travels_, 8vo. edit. p. 205.

[943] _Ins. Theatr._, p. 81.

[944] _View of Jamaica_, p. 91.

[945] Herod. Taylor’s _Trans._, p. 141.

[946] Nat. _Hist. of Ceylon_, p. 435.

[947] Jackson’s _Morocco_, p. 57.

[948] _Travels_, i. 388.

[949] _Ins. Theatr._, p. 85.

[950] Theod. _Eccles. Hist._, B. ii. ch. xxx.

[951] _N. A. Ins._, p. 317.

[952] _Roman History_, B. xviii. c. 7, § 5.

[953] _Three Years in California_, p. 250.

[954] _Introd._, i. 119.

[955] Owen’s _Geoponika_, ii. 150.

[956] _Lives of the Saints_, i. 50.

[957] Lawson’s _Bible Cyclop._, ii. 558, 3 v. 8vo.

[958] Kirb. and Sp. _Introd._, ii. 8.

[959] _Gent. Mag._, 1738, viii. 577.

[960] _Ibid._, xxiv. 274.

[961] _Travels_, ii. 5; 34-5; 51. Lond. 1802. 4to.

[962] _Lach. Lapp._, ii. 108. _Flor. Lapp._, 380.

[963] V. vi. p. 603-4.

[964] V. ix. p. 573.

[965] Lyell’s _Princ. of Geol._, p. 656.

[966] Southey’s _Com. Place Bk._, 1st S. p. 567.

[967] _Mag. of Nat. Hist._, v. 302.

[968] _The Mirror_, xxvii. 68.

[969] Damp. _Voy._ O (vol. i.), 464.

[970] _Travels_, i. 211.

[971] Moufet’s _Theat. Ins._, p. 78.

[972] Owen’s _Geoponika_, ii. 152.

[973] _Nat. Hist._, x. 29. Holland, p. 285. D.

[974] Holl. _Trans._, p. 631.

Vide Pierius’ _Hieroglyph._, p. 268-9. Importunitas ac impudentia; Pertinacia; Res gesta cominus; Indocilitas; Cynici.

[975] _Theatr. Ins._, p. 70. Topsel’s _Hist. of Beasts_, p. 945.

[976] Brand’s _Pop. Antiq._, iii. 134.

[977] _Chron. of Eng._, iii. 1002.

[978] _N. and Q._, xii. 488.

[979] _Theatr. Ins._, p. 70. Topsel’s _Hist. of Beasts_, p. 944.

[980] _Ibid._, p. 55. Topsel, p. 933.

[981] Brand’s _Pop. Antiq._, iii. 191.

[982] Brand’s _Pop. Antiq._, i. 84.

[983] Holl. _Trans._, p. 76. There was one time a law at Athens, which a good deal nonplussed these sponging gentlemen so appropriately called Flies. “It was decreed that not more than thirty persons should meet at a marriage feast; and a wealthy citizen, desirous of going as far as the law would allow him, had invited the full complement. An honest Fly, however, who respected no law that interfered with his stomach; contrived to introduce himself, and took his station at the lower end of the table. Presently the magistrate appointed for the purpose entered, and espying his man at a glance, began counting the guests, commencing on the other side and ending with the parasite. ‘Friend,’ said he, ‘you must retire. I find there is one more than the law allows.’ ‘It is quite a mistake, sir,’ replied the Fly, ‘as you will find if you will have the goodness to count again, beginning _on this side_.’”--St. John’s _Man. and Cust. of Anct. Grec._, ii. 172.

[984] Vide _Mercator_, A. ii. Sc. 4, and the _Young Carthag._, A. iii. Sc. 3.

[985] _Harleian Miscel._, viii. 423.

[986] Fosbr. _Encycl. of Antiq._, ii. 738.

[987] _Ibid._

[988] Wilkinson’s _Anct. Egypt._, 2d S. ii. 126, 260.

[989] Hawk’s _Peruvian Antiq._, p. 197.

[990] Jamieson’s _Scottish Dict._

[991] _Nat. Hist._, xxix. 6. Holl. _Trans._, p. 364. K.

[992] _Antiq. of the Jews_, B. ix. c. 2. Whiston’s _Trans._, p. 274.

[993] _Pilg._, v. 81. Fol. 1626.

[994] Whiston’s _Trans. of Josephus_, p. 274, note.

[995] _Dict. of Bible._

[996] Moufet, _Theatr. Ins._, p. 79. Topsel’s _Transl._, p. 951.

[997] Dalyell’s _Darker Superst. of Scotland_, p. 562. Edinbgh. 1834.

[998] _Ibid._

[999] _St. John’s Man. and Cust. of Anct. Grec._, i. 150.

[1000] Wanley’s _Wonders_, i. 377.

[1001] _Mem. of Robt. Houdin_, p. 156. Philad. 1859.

[1002] _Nat. Hist._, xxix. 6. Holland’s _Trans._, p. 364. I.

[1003] _Ibid._, xxviii. 2 (5).

[1004] _Voy._, C. 56, p. 222. Wanley’s _Wonders_, ii. 373.

[1005] _Theatr. Ins._, p. 79. Topsel’s _Hist. of Beasts_, p. 951.

[1006] _London Lab. and London Poor_, iii. 28-33.

[1007] Kirb. and Sp. _Introd._, i. 158.

[1008] _Theatr. Ins._, p. 284. Topsel’s _Hist. of Beasts_, p. 1107, 1122.

[1009] Kirby and Spence, _Introd._, i. 158.

[1010] _Gasterophilus equi._

[1011] Reg. Scot’s _Disc. of Witchcraft_, p. 179.

[1012] Henry IV., Pt. I. Act ii. Sc. 1.

[1013] Newell’s _Zool. of the Poets_, p. 29.

[1014] Dalyell’s _Superstitions of Scotland_, p. 564.

[1015] _Saturday Mag._, xviii. 153.

[1016] _Hist. of Ins._ (Murray, 1838), ii. 313.

[1017] Henry IV. Pt. I., Act ii. Sc. 1.

[1018] Moufet, _Theatr. Ins._, p. 276. Topsel’s _Hist. of Beasts_, p. 1102.

[1019] _Hist. of Ins._ (Murray, 1838), ii. 312.

[1020] Jenkin’s _Voy. of the U. S. Explor. Exped._, p. 385.

[1021] _Introd._, i. 100.

[1022] _Ibid._

[1023] Ray, _Hist. of Ins._, p. 8.

[1024] _Pilgr._, iii. 997.

Myas, a principal city of Ionia, was abandoned on account of Fleas.--_Wanley’s Wonders_, ii. 507.

[1025] K. and S. _Introd._, i. 100.

[1026] _Travels_, vol. ii.

[1027] _Nat. Hist._, xxx. 10. Holl. _Trans._, p. 387.

[1028] Brand’s _Pop. Antiq._, ii. 198.

[1029] K. and S. _Introd._, i. 101.

[1030] _Lach. Lapp._, ii. 32, note.

[1031] _Hist. of Ins._, iii. 319, Murray, 1838.

[1032] Owen’s _Geoponika_, ii. 155-6.

[1033] _Theatr. Ins._, p. 277. Topsel’s _Hist. of Beasts_, p. 1103.

[1034] _Hist. of Ins._, ii. 318. Murray, 1838.

[1035] _Theatr. Ins._, p. 102.

[1036] Ramsay’s _Poems_, ii. 143.

[1037] _Theatre of Insects_, p. 102.

[1038] Brookes’ _Nat. Hist. of Ins._, p. 284.

[1039] Brand’s _Pop. Antiq._, iii. 204.

[1040] Southey’s _Com. Place Bk._, 2d S. p. 406.

[1041] Fosbr. _Encycl. of Antiq._, ii. 539.

[1042] Southey’s _Com. Place Bk._, 4th S. p. 470.

[1043] _Pilgr._, x. 192.

[1044] Aristoph. _Clouds_, A. i. Sc. 2.

[1045] _Pilg._, ii. 840, note.

[1046] _Ins. Theatr._, p. 275.

[1047] _Anim. Biog._, iii. 462.

The hand-bill, published by Mr. Boverick, in the Strand, in the year 1745, and another nearly of the same date, ran thus: “To be seen at MR. BOVERICK’S, Watchmaker, at the DIAL, facing Old Round Court, near the New Exchange, in the Strand, at One Shilling each person.” Then follows a descriptive list of the articles to be seen, among which are mentioned the above.--Kirby’s _Wonderful Museum_, i. 101.

[1048] _Ins. Misc._, p. 188.

[1049] _Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat._, xxviii. 249.

[1050] _Pilg._, ii. 840.

[1051] 1 Saml. xxiv. 14; xxvi. 20.

[1052] _Hist. of Ins._, p. 310.

[1053] Wright’s _Provincial Dict._

[1054] Jamieson’s _Scottish Dict._

[1055] D’Israeli, _Curios, of Lit._, i. 339.

[1056] _Gent. Mag._, xxxii. 208.

[1057] Stedman’s _Surinam_.

[1058] _Hist. of Barbados_, p. 65.

[1059] _Hist. of Brazil_, i. 326.

[1060] Vol. i. p. 128.

[1061] _Pers. Narrative_, E. T. v. 101.

[1062] Bayle, iii. 484. Southey’s _Com. Place Bk._, 4th S. p. 439.

[1063] Bernal Diaz’ _Conquest of Mexico_, i. 394, note 54. This story, no doubt, is founded on something like truth, and most probably these bags were filled with the _Coccus cacti_, the Cochineal insect, then unknown to the Spaniards, who might have easily mistaken them in a dried state for Lice.

[1064] _Pilg._, iii. 975.

[1065] Cuv. _An. King.--Ins._, i. 163.

[1066] _Pilg._, v. 542.

[1067] _Wand. and Adv. in S. Africa_, i. 266.

[1068] Kolb. _Trav._, ii. 179. Astley’s _Col. of Voy. and Trav._, iii. 352.

[1069] _Pilg._, iii. 1133.

[1070] _Ibid._, iii. 975.

[1071] Wanley’s _Wonders_, ii. 373.

[1072] Dampier’s _Voy._, iii. 331. Lond. 1729.

[1073] Dobriz., ii. 396. Southey’s _Com. Place Bk._, 2d S. p. 527.

[1074] Cuvier, _An. Kingd.--Ins._, i. 163.

[1075] Southey’s _Com. Place Bk._, 4th S. p. 439.

[1076] _Thierry and Theod._, A. v. Sc. 1.

[1077] James’s _Med. Dict._

[1078] _Gent. Mag._, xvi. 534.

[1079] _Harleian Miscel._, vii. 435.

[1080] Shaw, _Zool._, vi. 454.

[1081] _Nat. Hist._, xxix. 6 (75).

[1082] Chambers’ _Pop. Rhymes of Scotl._, p. 282-3. Edit. of 1841, p. 243.

[1083] Properly the second _Class_ of the sub-kingdom _Articulata_.

[1084] Chambers’ _Book of Days_, i. 687.

[1085] _Nat. Hist._, xx. 12.

[1086] Cf. Pliny, x. 12; and Moufet’s _Theatr. Ins._, p. 205.

[1087] B. i. ch. 1.

[1088] _Hist. of Four-footed Beasts and Serpents_, p. 753.--Scorpions are bred “from the carkass of the crocodile, as Antigonus affirms, _lib. de mirab. hist. cong._ 24. For in Archelaus there is an epigram of a certain Egyptian in these words:

In vos dissolvit morte, et redigit crocodilum, Natura extinctum (Scorpioli) omniparens.

In English:

The carkass of dead crocodiles is made the feed, By common nature, whence Scorpions breed.”

Moufet’s _Theatr. Ins._, p. 208. Topsel’s _Trans._, p. 1052.

[1089] _Qua supra_, p. 685.

[1090] _Qua supra_, p. 689.

[1091] _Ibid._, p. 207. Topsel’s _Trans._, p. 1051.

[1092] _Ibid._, p. 754.

[1093] Andrew’s _Anecdotes_, p. 427.

[1094] _Nat. Hist._, xi. 25. Pliny here probably alludes to the Panorpis, or Scorpion-fly, the abdomen of which terminates in a forceps, which resembles the tail of the Scorpion.

[1095] _Nat. Hist._, xi. 25.

[1096] “Scorpion’s tail.” Dioscorides gives this name to the Helioscopium, or great Heliotropium.

[1097] _Nat. Hist._, xxii. 29.

[1098] “Two.”

[1099] _Nat. Hist._, xxviii. 5.

[1100] The red arsenic of the Greeks was called by this name.--_Matthiol_, vi. 81.

[1101] This prescription is given at the present day in Italy and the Levant.

[1102] Zoroaster also mentions this. Vide Owen’s _Geoponika_, ii. 194.

[1103] Pliny relates the same story, _Nat. Hist._, xxviii. 10 (42); also Zoroaster, _qua supra_.

[1104] Owen’s _Geoponika_, ii. 146-8.

[1105] Moufet’s _Theatr. Ins._, 210-215. Topsel’s _Hist. of Beasts and Serpents_, p. 1053-7.

[1106] Campbell’s _Travels in S. Africa_, p. 325.

[1107] _Nat. Hist._, viii. 29 (43).

[1108] Churchill’s _Col. of Voy. and Trav._, i. 212.

[1109] _Ibid._

[1110] _Ibid._, v. 221.

[1111] Pinkerton’s _Col. of Voy. and Trav._, ix. 261.

[1112] _Ibid._, vii. 298.

[1113] _Ibid._, xiv. 348.

[1114] Churchill’s _Coll. of Voy. and Trav._, ii. 316.

[1115] Wilkinson’s _Anct. Egypt._, v. 52, 254.

[1116] Ælian, xvi. 41, and xii. 38. Wilkinson’s _Anct. Egypt._, v. 254.

[1117] Wanley’s _Wonders_, ii. 459.

[1118] _Autobiog._, Lond. 1858, p. 304-5.

[1119] Prescribed by Galen, Pliny, Lanfrankus, etc.

[1120] _Hist. of Beasts and Serpents_, p. 757.

[1121] So also Manardus.--Moufet, p. 210. Topsel’s _Trans._, p. 1053.

[1122] _Ibid._

[1123] _Asiatic Miscellany_, ii. 451.

[1124] Topsel’s _Hist. of Beasts and Serpents_, p. 755-6.

[1125] Topsel’s _Trans.--Hist. of Beasts and Serpents_, p. 1058.

[1126] _Chronicles_, i. 385.

[1127] Keddie’s _Cyclop. of Anecd._, p. 288.

[1128] _Chamb. Misc._, vol. xi. No. 100. Compare this story with that of Timour and the Ant.

[1129] Ockley’s _Hist. of the Saracens_, i. 36.

[1130] _Lives of the Saints_, i. 177-8. Cf. Wanley’s _Wonders_, ii. 402.

[1131] Bucke _on Nature_, ii. 103.

[1132] _Hist. de la Mus._, i. 321. Hawkins’ _Hist. of Music_, iii. 117, note.

[1133] _Biogr. Univers._, tome xxxiii. See also Arvine’s _Anecdotes_, p. 402.

To this account, in the Hist. of Insects printed by John Murray, 1830, i. 269, is added: “The governor of the Bastile hearing that this unfortunate prisoner had found a solace in the society of a Spider, paid Pelisson a visit, desiring to see the manœuvres of the insect. The Basque struck up his notes, the Spider instantly came to be fed by his friend; but the moment it appeared on the floor of the cell, the governor placed his foot on its body, and crushed it to death.”

[1134] _The Mirror_, xxvii. 69.

[1135] Hone’s _Ev. Day Book_, i. 334.

[1136] _Stray Leaves from the Book of Nature._

[1137] _Quart. Rev._ for Jan. 1844.

[1138] This passage from Pliny is thus translated by Bostock and Riley: “Presages are also drawn from the Spider, for when a river is about to swell, it will suspend its web higher than usual. In calm weather these insects do not spin, but when it is cloudy they do, and hence it is, that a great number of cobwebs is a sure sign of showery weather.”--_Nat. Hist._, xi. 24 (28). _Trans._, iii. 28.

[1139] Brande’s _Pop. Antiq._, iii. 223.

[1140] _Ev. Day Bk._, i. 931. Quot. also in Chamb. _Journ._, 1st Ser., vi. 95.

[1141] Paus. _Hist. of Greece_, B. 9, c. 6.

[1142] Fosbr. _Encycl. of Antiq._

[1143] Jamieson’s _Scottish Dict._

[1144] Brande’s _Pop. Antiq._, iii. 223.

[1145] _N. and Q._, iii. 3.

[1146] _Worthies_, p. 58. Pt. II. Ed. 1662.

[1147] _N. and Q._, ii. 165.

[1148] _Aulul._, A. i. Sc. 3.

[1149] Thorpe’s _North. Antiq._, iii. 329.

[1150] _N. and Q._, 2d ed. iv. 298.

[1151] _Ibid._, iv. 377.

[1152] _Gent. Mag._, June, 1771, xli. 251.

[1153] _N. and Q._, 2d ed. iv. 523.

[1154] _Ibid._, iv. 421.

[1155] _Ibid._, iv. 298.

[1156] _Vulg. Err._, B. iii. c. 277. _Works_, ii. 527.

[1157] Pliny says the Spider, poised in its web, will throw itself upon the head of a serpent as it lies stretched beneath the shade of the tree where it has built, and with its bite pierce its brain; such is the shock, he continues, that the creature will hiss from time to time, and then, seized with vertigo, coil round and round, while it finds itself unable to take to flight, or so much as to break the web of the Spider, as it hangs suspended above; this scene, he concludes, only ends with its death.--_Nat. Hist._, x. 95.

[1158] Browne’s _Works_, ii. 524, note.

[1159] _Med. Dict._, sub _Araneus_.

[1160] _Univers. Hist._, i. 48, also _Gent. Mag._, xli. 400.

[1161] _Trav._, p. 322, and Astley’s _Col. of Voy. and Trav._, ii. 726. Bosman says this “was the greatest piece of ignorance and stupidity he observed in the negroes.”

[1162] Churchill’s _Col. of V. and T._, v. 222.

[1163] _N. and Q._, vii. 431.

[1164] Chamb. _Misc._, vol. xi. No. 100.

[1165] _Ibid._

[1166] _The Mirror_, xxvii. 69.

[1167] B. 7, c. xv. p. 665. Printed 1613.

[1168] Eliz. Cook’s _Journ._, vii. 378.

[1169] Wanley’s _Wonders_, i. 20.

[1170] Silliman’s _Journal_, xxvii. 307-10.

[1171] _Annual of Sci. Disc._, 1862, p. 335.

[1172] _Nat. Hist. of Selborne_, p. 285.

[1173] Hone’s _Ev. Day Bk._, p. 1332.

[1174] _Nat. Hist._, ii. 54. Holl. _Trans._, p. 27. F.

[1175] _Faerie Queene_, B. 2, c. xii. s. 77.

[1176] _Seasons: Summer_, 1. 1209.

[1177] _Emblems_, p. 375.

[1178] Blackmore, _Prince Arthur_.

[1179] Quot. in the _Athenæum_, v. 126.

[1180] Jamieson’s _Scot. Dict._, iv. 138.

[1181] Keightley’s _Fairy Mythol._, p. 514.

[1182] _Microgr._, p. 202. It has been objected, say Kirby and Spence, to the excellent primitive writer, Clemens Romanus, that he believed the absurd fable of the phœnix. But surely this may be allowed for in him, who was no naturalist, when a scientific natural philosopher could believe that the clouds are made of Spiders’ web!--_Introd._, ii. 331, note.

[1183] James’s _Med. Dict._

[1184] _Ibid._

[1185] James’s _Med. Dict._

[1186] Harris’s _Coll. of Voy. and Trav._, ii. 586-7.

[1187] _Ibid._

[1188] _Treasvrie of Anct. and Mod. Times_, p. 393.

[1189] Boyle’s _Works_, ii. 181-2.

[1190] Astley’s _Col. of Voy. and Trav._, vi. 607.

[1191] Pinkerton’s _Col. of Voy. and Trav._, vii. 299.

[1192] Astley’s _Col. of Voy. and Trav._, vi. 656.

[1193] B. 7, c. 15, p. 664. Printed 1613.

[1194] Diod., B. 3, c. 2.

[1195] Strabo, B. 16, c. 6, § 13.

[1196] Fosbr. _Encyc. of Antiq._, ii. 738.

[1197] Sloane’s _Hist. of Jamaica_, ii. 195.

[1198] Damp. _Voy._ Camp., p. 64.

[1199] Harris’s _Col. of Voy. and Trav._, ii. 242. Cf. Smith’s _Nature and Art_, x. 257.

[1200] _Travels_, i. 201.

[1201] _Voyage à la recherche de la Perouse_, ii. 240. K. & S. _Introd._, i. 311.

[1202] _New Amer. Cyclop._

[1203] _Trav. in Africa._ Bucke _on Nature_, ii. 297.

[1204] Pinkerton’s _Col. of Voy. and Trav._, ix. 612.

[1205] _Hist. of West Indies_, p. 301.

[1206] Reaum., ii. 342. K. & S. _Introd._, i. 311.

[1207] _Phil. Trans._ Southey’s _Com. Place Bk._, 3d S. p. 731. Shaw, _Nat. Misc._

[1208] Moufet, _Theatr. Ins._, p. 220. Topsel’s _Hist. of Beasts and Serpents_, p. 789, 1067. Wanley’s _Wonders_, ii. 459.

[1209] _Biogr. Univers._, tome xxiii. p. 230, note.

[1210] Rösel, iv. 257. K. & S. _Introd._, i. 311.

[1211] Wanley’s _Wonders_, ii. 459.

[1212] Andrew’s _Anecd.,_ p. 37. App.

[1213] _Nat. Hist._, xxix. 27. Bost. & Riley.

[1214] _Ibid._

[1215] _Nat. Hist._, xxix. 38.

[1216] _Ibid._, xxix. 39.

[1217] _Ibid._, xxix. 36.

[1218] _Staple of News_, A. ii. Sc. 1, vol. v. p. 219. Lond. 1816. “A Spider is usually given to monkeys, and is esteemed a sovereign remedy for the disorders those animals are principally subject to.”--_James’s Med. Dict._ Spiders are also fed to mocking-birds, not only as food, but also as an aperient.

[1219] _Mid. Night’s Dream_, Act iii. Sc. 1.

[1220] Vide _Eventful Life of a Soldier_. Edinbg. 1852.

[1221] _N. and Q._, 2d ed. x. 138.

[1222] _Elements of Mat. Med. and Therap._, Philad. 1825.

[1223] Chamb. _Bk. of Days_, i. 732.

[1224] Grah. _Domest. Med._

[1225] Thorpe’s _North. Mythol._, iii. 329.

[1226] Brand’s _Pop. Antiq._, iii. 287.

[1227] James’s _Med. Dict._

[1228] Geoffroy’s _Substances used in Med._, p. 383.

[1229] Moufet, _Theatr. Insect._, p. 237. Topsel’s _Hist. of Beasts and Serpents_, p. 1073.

[1230] _Nat. Hist._, xxix. 27.

[1231] _Miscellanies_, p. 138.

[1232] Vide _Hist. and Mem. de l’Acad. Royale des Sciences_, ann. 1710; Dissert. by M. Bon, _Sur l’utilité de la soye des Arraignées_, 8vo. Also, Bancroft _on Permanent Colors_, i. 101; and Shaw’s _Nat. Hist._, vi. 481.

[1233] _New Amer. Cyclop._

[1234] _Voy. dans l’Amer. Merid._, i. 212. K. and S. _Introd._, i. 337.

[1235] _Naturalist in Bermuda_, p. 126.

[1236] _Atlantic Monthly_, June, 1858, p. 92.

[1237] _Nouv. Dict. d’Hist. Nat._, ii. 280. K. and S. _Introd._, i. 337, note.

[1238] _Hist. of Beasts and Serpents_, p. 778.

[1239] _Theatr. Ins._, p. 235. Topsel’s _Trans._, p. 1072.

[1240] _Ins. Archit._, p. 7.

[1241] Swammerdam, _Hist. of Ins._, p. 5.

[1242] Garasse, _Recherches des Recherches de M. Estiene Pasquier_, p. 357. Southey’s _Com. Place Bk._, 3d S. p. 282.

[1243] Hone’s _Ev. Day Bk._, i. 294.

[1244] _Gent. Mag._, iii. 492.

[1245] _Ibid._, xxiv. 293.

[1246] K. and S. _Introd._, ii. 415.

[1247] _Ephem. Nat. Curios._, 1673. 80.

[1248] K. and S. _Introd._, ii. 415, note.

[1249] Brand’s _Pop. Antiq._, iii. 273.

[1250] _Pers. Nar._, iv. 571.

[1251] _Ibid._, ii. 205.

[1252] _Ann. of Eng._, p. 1219.

[1253] _Voy. to C. of Good Hope_, i. 45.

[1254] _Mag. of Nat. Hist._, iv. 148-9.

[1255] _Hist. of China_, B. I. c. 18, and Churchill’s _Col. of Voy. and Trav._, i. 39.

[1256] Churchill’s _Col. of Voy. and Trav._, i. 212.

[1257] _The Mirror_, xix. 180.

[1258] Pinkertons _Col. of Voy. and Trav._, ix. 632.

[1259] _Hist. of Ins._, p. 53-4.

[1260] _Ibid._

[1261] _Hist. of Ins._, p. 197.

[1262] _Nat. Hist. of Ins._, p. 35.

[1263] _Voy. round the World_, ii. 35-7.

[1264] Thevenot’s _Travels_, Pt. I. p. 249.

[1265] _Trav. and Res. in S. Africa_, p. 48.

ERRATA.

Page 43, line 19 from the top, between the words “is it” and “plain” insert the word “not.”

Page 71, line 29, for “_Carabus chrysocephaluo_” read “_Carabus chrysocephalus_.”

Page 131, line 12, for “Mrs. A. L. Ruyter Dufour” read “Mrs. A. L. Ruter Dufour.”

* * * * *

Transcriber's Notes.

Punctuation has been standardised, and obvious typographical errors have been repaired. Variations in hyphenation and obsolete or variant spelling have all been preserved.

Footnote 276 does not have a marker in the original text, and has been left unmarked.

The changes noted in the author's errata list have been applied to the text.

The following changes have also been made:

Page 83, Prechê => Prêche

Page 98, Grasshopers => Grasshoppers