Chapter 5

and Erasmus, 262; by Sir Walter Rawleigh, 263; of Tacitus, ib.; of Solon, 264; of Charlemagne, ib.; Cicero's art of, ib.; faculty of, possessed by Du Vair, 265; principles of, revealed by Aristotle, 266; by Mr. Coleridge, 268; of the French Revolution, 269, 270; frequently false, 272; anecdotes, 273; of the end of the world, ib., note; of the destruction of London in 1750, ib., note; of American independence, 274; sometimes condemned as false when really verified, 275; caution to be observed in, 276; instances of, by Knox, 277; of the death of Henry IV., ib.; reflections on, 278, 279.

PREFACES, frequently superior to the work, i. 71; a volume of, always kept ready by Cicero, ib.; ought to be dated, 72; anecdote of Du Clos' to a fairy tale, ii. 340.

PREFERMENT, anecdotes of, ii. 12.

PRESBYTERIANS, their conduct under Charles II., iii. 240; their intolerance, 254.

PRESS-MONEY, proposition that those who refused it should be tried by martial law, iii. 462, and note.

PRICE, Robert, a Welsh lawyer, incidents in his life, iii. 422.

PRIMERO, a game at cards described, ii. 166, note.

PRINCE HENRY, son of James I., resembled Henry V. in his features, ii. 186; Dr. Birch's life of, 187; anecdotes concerning, 187-194; his diary, 207.

PRINTING, art of, possessed by the Romans without being aware of it, i. 43, and note; probably originated in China, ib., and note; general account of early, 73-78.

PRINTERS, mention of early, i. 75.

PRINTS, satiric, iii. 160.

PROCLAMATIONS, against long swords and deep ruffs, i. 222; royal, against buildings in London, iii. 365; to enforce a country residence, 367; never possessed the force of laws, 366; of Henry VIII., 372; of Mary, 373; of Edward VI., 374; of Elizabeth, 375; of James I., 376; of Charles I., 377; of Charles II. against vicious, debauched, and profane persons, ib.; others by Charles II., 379.

PROFESSION, the choice of one and its influence on the mind, with some illustrative anecdotes, ii. 461-463.

PROPER names, orthography of, the uncertainty of, ii. 237; anecdotes and instances of, 237-243.

PROTESTANTISM, once existed in Spain, ii. 434.

PROVERBS, use of, derided by Lord Chesterfield, iii. 33; records of the populace, 34; existed before books, ib.; abound in the most ancient writers, ib.; "the dark sayings of the wise," 35; introduced into the Greek drama, 36; definition of, 38; influence of, over a whole people, ib.; collection of, by Franklin, ib.; inscribed on furniture, ib.; English, collected by Heywood, 39; a speech of, 40; an era of, amongst the English, 41; long favourites in France, ib.; comedy of, ib.; family, 42; ancient examples of the use of, 43; some, connected with the characters of eminent men, 44; use of, by poets, ib.; Eastern origin of many, 45; collection of, by Polydore Vergil and Erasmus, of Spanish by Fernandez Nunes, of Italian and French, English and Scotch, 46, 47; study of, 48; illustrative of national character, 48-56; anecdotes of the origin of certain, 56-61; historical, 61; remarks on the arrangement of collections of, 63.

PRYNNE, his method of composition, ii. 534; his extraordinary perseverance, ib.; title of the catalogue of his writings, 535; copy of his works bequeathed to Sion College, ib.; the pretended retractation of his Histriomastix, iii. 315, note.

PSALM-SINGING, remarks on, ii. 472; first introduction of, ib.; T. Warton's criticism of, 473; history of, 473-478; practised at lord mayor's feasts, 479.

PSALMANAZAR, his extraordinary literary forgery, i. 137, note; iii. 311; some account of, 312-314.

PUCK, the Commentator.--See STEEVENS.

PULTENEY, Earl of Bath, MS. Memoirs of, suppressed, ii. 447.

PUNCH, his ancient origin, ii. 122, and note; origin of his name, ib., note.

PUNCHINELLO.--See PUNCH.

PUNNING, in a dictionary, i. 305.

PUNS, Cicero's, i. 69.

PUPPET-SHOWS in England, iii. 238.

PURGATORY, Cardinal Bellarmin's treatise on, i. 204.

PURITANS, turn bacchanalian songs into spiritual ones, ii. 148.

PURITANS and Precisians, party nicknames at the Reformation, iii. 84, 85.

PYROTECHNICS.--See FIREWORKS.

QUADRIO, his Universal History of Poetry, iii. 233; his ignorance of English poetry, 234-236; his opinion of English comedy, 236; praises our puppet-shows, 238.

QUEEN MARY the First, her marriage with Philip of Spain, i. 469; her letter of instructions, ib.

QUEEN ELIZABETH, letter of, to her brother, Edward VI., i. 461; her exhibition of youthfulness to the ambassador of the Scottish king, 463; remarkable period in her annals, ii. 179; her maiden state, ib.; real cause of her repugnance to change it, ib., and note; her artifices to conceal her resolution, 180; debates of the Commons on the succession to, 181; address to, by the Duke of Norfolk, and her answer, ib.; despatch of the French ambassador on this occasion, 181-186; her judicious conduct, ib.; her conduct towards printers and authors, 221, 222; her dislike to the appointment of a successor, iii. 331; account of her death-bed, 331, 332.

QUEEN ANNE BULLEN, anecdote relative to her execution, i. 462.

QUERNO, made laureat for the joke's sake, i. 455.

QUEVEDO, his love for Don Quixote, iii. 339.

QUINCE, origin of, ii. 157, note.

QUODLIBETS, or Scholastic Disquisitions, i. 60.

QUOTATION, remarks on the use of, ii. 416; Selden's precept for, violated by himself, 417; Bayle's remarks on the use of, 418; when used by an eminent author often appropriated by an inferior, 419; value of the proper application of, 420.

RABBINICAL Stories, specimens of, i. 120-126; scripture quoted to support, 126.

RANTZAU, founder of the great library at Copenhagen, stanzas by, i. 5.

RANZ DES VACHES, effect of, i. 274.

RAWLEIGH, Sir Walter, composed his History of the World in prison, i. 36; assisted in that work by several eminent persons, ib.; variations in orthography of his name, iii. 111, note; author's account of his character, 112; Gibbon's and Hume's observations on, 113; cunning practised by, ib.; anecdotes of, 114; account of his return from Guiana, 115, 116; his attempt to escape, 118; betrayed by Sir Lewis Stucley, 119; narrative of his last hours, 124-129; his History of the World, the labour of several persons, 131; note on Mr. Tytler's remarks on the author's account of, 135, note; his extravagance in dress, 407; notice of Oldys's life of, 499.

RAYNAUD, Theophilus, his works fill twenty folios, and ruined his bookseller, 542; notice of, 543; his curious treatises, ib.

REALISTS, a sect of Scholars, i. 312.

REFORMATION, origin of, iii. 142.

REFUTATION, a Catholic's, i. 349.

REGENERATION of material bodies, iii. 286, 287.

RELICS of Saints, bought, sold, and stolen, i, 239; treatise on, by Gilbert de Nogent, ib.; of St. Lewin, ib.; of St. Indalece, 240; of St. Majean, ib.; of St. Augustin's arm, ib.; flogging of, ib.; miracles performed by, ib.; miraculously multiplied, 241; anecdote of a box of, presented by the Pope to Prince Radzivil, ib.; Frederick the Wise, a great collector of, 242; phial of the blood of Christ sent to Henry III., ib.; fall in price of, ib.; deceptive, 243.

RELIGION, state of, during the Civil Wars, iii. 433; illustrative anecdotes of, 434-436; contest between Owen and Baxter on, 437; confusion of, ib.; a colt baptised in St. Paul's Cathedral, 439, and note; anecdotes, 439-441; noticed by George Wither the Poet, 442; ordinance of the Parliament to rectify the disorders in, 443.

RELIGIONISM distinguished from religion, iii. 239.

RELIGIOUS Nouvellettes, a class of very singular works, i. 363; account of one, 364; notice of one discussing three thousand questions concerning the Virgin Mary, 365; Life of the Virgin, 367; Jesuits usual authors of, 368; one describing what passes in Paradise, ib.; the Spiritual Kalendar, ib.

REPRESENTATION, right of, not fixed in the 10th century, i. 162.

RESIDENCES of literary men, notices of several, iii. 394-399.

REVIEWS.--See LITERARY JOURNALS.

REVOLUTIONS, maxim on, iii. 278.

RHYMES inscribed on _knives_, and alluded to by Shakespeare, iii. 38, note; on _fruit trenchers_, ib.; on _rings_, 39, note.

RICCOBONI, a celebrated actor, his remarks on the Italian extempore comedy, ii. 134; anecdote of, 137; his inscription on the curtain of his theatre, ib.

RICH, a celebrated harlequin, ii. 130, and note.

RICHARDSON, the author of _Sir Charles Grandison_, remarks on him and his works, ii. 62-65.

RICHELIEU, Cardinal de, his general character, ii. 349; his death-bed, ib.; anecdotes of the sinister means practised by, 350; his confessor, Father Joseph, 351-353; projects of assassination of, 354, and note; drives Father Caussin, the king's confessor, into exile, 355.

RIVE, Abbé de, librarian of the Duke de la Vallière, iii. 341; his style of criticism, 342; his collections for works never begun, ib.; his observations on the cause of the errors of literary history, 344.

ROBINSON CRUSOE, remarks on, ii. 274; history of, traced, 275; written by Defoe, after illness, and in comparative solitude, 276; not published till seven years after Selkirk's adventures, 277.

ROC, the, of Arabian tales, a creature of Rabbinical fancy, i. 124.

ROCHEFOUCAULT De la, remarks on him and his maxims, i. 110.

ROCHELLE, expedition to, ii. 367; preparations for, ib.; frustrated by the death of Buckingham, 369.

ROMANCES, the offspring of fiction and love, i. 442; early, ib.; that of Heliodorus denounced in the synod, 443; forbidden in the Koran, ib.; of the Troubadours, 444; modern poets indebted to, ib.; Le Roman de Perceforest, 445; of chivalry, examples of, 446; Italian, 448; use made of by poets, 449; French, ib.; went out of fashion with square cocked hats, 450; modern novels, ib.; histories of, 451; D'Urfé's Astræa, ib.

ROMNEY the painter, his belief in alchymy, i. 282, and note.

RONSARD, the French bard, and his Bacchanalia, ii. 41.

ROSY-CROSS, the President of, proffers his advice to Charles I., iii. 464.

ROUSSEAU, his prediction of the French Revolution, iii. 271, 272, and note; his favourite authors, iii. 340.

ROYAL Autographs, iii. 165.

ROYAL Promotions, ii. 10.

ROYAL SOCIETY, origin of, ii. 410-413.

ROYAL Society of Literature, ii. 406, note.

RUBENS, his house at Antwerp, iii. 398; his love for collections of art, 399, and note.

RUFFS, extravagances in, i. 222-227.

RUMP, the origin of the term, iii. 482, 483; three stages in its political progress, 484; songs upon, 485; debate of the, whether to massacre all the king's party, 487; parallel between their course of conduct and that of the leaders in the French Revolution, 489-493.

SAINTE Ampoule, ii. 434, note.

SALMASIUS, his controversy with and abuse of Milton, i. 152-154.

SALVATOR ROSA, fond of acting in extemporal comedy, ii. 133.

SANDRICOURT, the Sieur de, ruined himself by one fête, iii. 402-405.

SANS CULOTTES, iii. 83.

ST. AMBROSE, writes a treatise on Virgins, i. 412; and another on the Perpetual Virginity of the Mother of God, ib.; his chastisement of an erring nun, ib.

ST. BARTHOLOMEW, apology for the massacre of, iii. 255-260.

ST. EVREMOND, literary portrait of, by himself, i. 102.

ST. URSULA and the Eleven Thousand Virgins all created out of a blunder, i. 324.

ST. VIAR, created by an error, i, 323.

SATIRICAL medals, iii. 156-160.

SATIRISTS may dread the cane of the satirised, i. 442.

SATURNALIA, institution of among the Romans, derived by Macrobius from the Grecians, ii. 256; dedicated to Saturn, ib.; latterly prolonged for a week, 257; description of, ib.; crept into the Christian Church, 258, and note; practised in the middle ages, 259; Feast of Asses, ib.; "December liberties," 260; the boy-bishop, 261; Lord of Misrule, ib.; Abbot of Unreason, 262; description of a grand Christmas held at the Inns of Courts, 263-265, and note; the last memorable, of the Lords of Misrule of the Inns of Court, 266; anecdote of a Lord of Misrule, 267; the Mayor of Garratt, 269; regiment de la Calotte, ib., and note, 270; Republic of Baboonery, ib.; medals used for money in, iii. 150, 151.

SAUNTERING, i. 175.

SAVAGES, various usages of at meals, i. 171-173.

SCALIGER, Julius, his singular manner of composition, ii. 86.

SCARAMOUCHES.--See PANTOMIME. Punch and Zany, prints of, ii. 125; character of, invented by Tiberio Fiurilli, 126; power of a celebrated, ib.

SCARON, account of his life and works, i. 421-428.

SCENERY of the old English stage, iii. 4, and note.

SCENARIE, the plots of extemporal comedies, ii. 130; description of, note; some discovered at Dulwich College, 139, 140, and note.

SCRIBLERAID, the, a poetical jest on pseudo-science, by R. O. Cambridge, i. 295, and note.

SCRIPTURE story treated like mediæval romance, i. 163, and note.

SCUDERY, Mademoiselle, composed ninety romances, i. 106; panegyrics on, ib.; her "Great Cyrus and Map of Tenderness," 107.

SCUDERY, George, famous for composing romances, i. 107; a votary of vanity, ib.; author of sixteen plays, 108.

SECRET HISTORY, of authors who have ruined their booksellers, ii. 532-546; of an elective monarchy, iii. 346-363; the supplement of history itself, iii. 380; reply to an attack on the writers of, 382; two species of, positive and relative, ib.; the true sources of to be found in MS collections, 383; neglect of by historians, 384; its utility, 385; of the Restoration, 386; of Mary, the Queen of William III., 389-393.

SEDAN chairs, introduced into England by the Duke of Buckingham, ii. 36.

SEGNI, Bernardo, his History of Florence, iii. 182.

SENTIMENTAL biography, iii. 414-424.

SERASSI, writes the life of Tasso, ii. 444; finds Galileo's MS. annotations, copies them, and suppresses the original, ib.

SERMONS, printed, Bayle's saying on, i. 345.

SEYMOUR, William, his family and character, ii. 508; enters into a treaty of marriage with the Lady Arabella Stuart, ib.; summoned before the Privy Council, ib.; his marriage, 509; imprisoned in the Tower, ib.; his wife's letter to him, 510; his escape, 515; is permitted to return, 519.

SHAKESPEARE, Fuller's character of, i. 380; orthography of his name,