Part 7

Balloon ascents, which had such a strange fascination for the frequenters of Vauxhall in the thirties and forties, and which were always an attraction at Cremorne, do not seem to have been a feature of the Surrey Gardens. An ascent by Henry Coxwell, on September 7, 1854, was of some importance, as the balloonist for the first time gave a public exhibition of his methods of balloon-signalling in war. His apparatus was attached to the car, and the signals were supposed to be addressed to the beleaguered fortress of Sebastopol. Some pigeons were also taken up, and sent forth from the balloon with messages.

Two curiosities of ballooning are connected with these gardens. In May, 1837, Mr. and Mrs. Graham took up in a parachute attached to their balloon a monkey named Signor Jacopo, attired in a scarlet coat and feathers. The monkey descended in his parachute on Walworth Common, and, being duly labelled with ‘two pounds reward,’ was promptly returned to Mr. Cross. In 1838 the appearance of the ‘Montgolfier’ balloon {88a} excited no ordinary interest. It was a monstrous machine made of lawn varnished, and was said to be ‘of the height of the York Column, with a circumference nearly half that of the dome of St. Paul’s.’ It was announced to ascend on May 24, and people began to assemble in the grounds at noon. By seven o’clock there were nearly 5,000 spectators, and, behind a huge tarpaulin, the balloon was supposed to be in process of inflation. The balloon was attached to a platform in the middle of the lake, and its peculiarity was that it had to be inflated by chopped straw burnt in a brazier under the orifice of the bag. The size of the furnace had been miscalculated, and after the balloon had twice been set on fire, the ‘intrepid aeronaut’ decided not to ascend. Some of the spectators considered that, at any rate, the balloon could be punished, and ‘a well-directed volley of stones’ soon left the monster prostrate on the lake. An attempt was made to drag it on shore and tear it in pieces, but at this moment the cord broke. Some of the rowdier spirits now sought out the proprietor, hoping to duck him in one of his own ponds. And when this failed, they attacked the glass panes of the lion’s conservatory. But suddenly the police appeared and Vesuvius burst forth in all its fury, and when the fireworks were over the visitors quietly dispersed.

From 1839 to 1844 orchestral concerts, without vocalists, were one of the principal attractions. A good band, under C. Godfrey, performed music of the promenade-concert type—operatic overtures, dance-music by Strauss and Musard, with an occasional ‘classical’ first part, when Handel and Beethoven had their turn.

In 1844 there was a change of proprietors. Edward Cross retired, {88b} and was succeeded by William Tyler, who had been the secretary to the gardens. Next year a gigantic and very ugly orchestra was erected for the accommodation of a band of 300 under Jullien, {89} who had made a name by his promenade concerts at Covent Garden and Drury Lane. Post-horn gallops and polkas now enlivened the multitude, and in this ‘Concert monstre’ the brass too often got the better of the strings. Some vocalists (Mlle. Lovarny and Miss Huddart) were also introduced (1848). These concerts and the panoramas bring us to 1855, which was practically the last year of the _old_ Zoo. For Tyler then disposed of his property, and sold off the wild beasts. The popular taste was no doubt changing, though Tyler had done his best, and lit up the glass conservatory so that (as his advertisements stated) the ‘matchless collection of carnivora could be viewed by gaslight.’

[Picture: ‘Old London’ at the Surrey Zoological Gardens. After a lithograph published by Webb, 1844]

The gardens were now taken in hand by the Surrey Music-Hall Company, who had a working capital of over £30,000, and rented the gardens for £346. The chairman of this company was Sir W. de Bathe, but Jullien had a considerable stake in the enterprise. At a cost of £18,200 a music-hall (in the classical sense of the word) was erected near the lake, on the site of the circular conservatory. This building, by Horace Jones, was on a great scale, and would hold an audience of 12,000 and an orchestra of 1,000. Its general appearance was not ineffective, but a critic described its style as degenerate Italian relieved in the French taste. It was opened on July, 15, 1856, with a performance of ‘The Messiah,’ with Jullien, Clara Novello, Sims Reeves, Miss Dolby, and Piatti.

In the autumn the new hall had a strange tenant in Mr. C. H. Spurgeon, who, finding Exeter Hall and his own chapel too small, hired the building for four Sundays for a payment of £15 each Sunday. On the evening of October 19 there was an enormous congregation. While Spurgeon was engaged in prayer an extraordinary panic occurred. Some mischief-maker raised a shout of ‘Fire!’ or, according to another account, there was an agonized cry of ‘The roof! The roof!’ A mad rush was made for the doors, some of which seem to have been locked to prevent people strolling in and out of the gardens. Spurgeon kept calm, and, when the terror subsided, some of the congregation found their way back to the hall, but seven persons had been killed and about fifty injured in the crush.

The new company was soon in difficulties, and in August of 1857 the directors were behindhand with their rates. At a meeting of the shareholders Jullien complained bitterly that, though a profit of £1,000 had been made, he was given no money to pay his band. He had lost—as he put it—£2,000 by his unpaid salary, and £2,000 by his worthless shares. In 1859 there was a more modest orchestra of sixty, and the Surrey Gardens Choir performed madrigals; but in the background there were proceedings in Chancery, and in April the gardens—now described as of ten acres—were advertised for sale. In June, 1861, the music-hall was burnt out, and though in the following year a picture of the Bay of Naples was offered to the public, the life of the gardens was wellnigh extinct. It happened that at this time (1862) the authorities of St. Thomas’s Hospital had to leave their old home in Southwark, and needed a temporary resting-place. They had the music-hall rebuilt, and used it for the reception of patients until 1871. Then the new hospital was opened on the Albert Embankment.

The gardens nearly outlasted the seventies. In May 1872, an enterprising lessee, Frederick Strange, who had been manager and proprietor of the Alhambra, opened the gardens for concerts, operettas, and ballets. {90} The grounds had become a wilderness, and had to be considerably ‘improved.’ The theatre was the old music-hall remodelled. At the opening concert Mme. Marimon and other members of Mapleson’s opera company appeared, and Sims Reeves and Mme. Patey sang at one of the ballad concerts. But in 1873 the entertainments were fashioned on those of Cremorne. There were Derby and Oaks ‘Festivals’ in May, and that unfortunate nobleman, ‘Sir Roger Tichborne,’ was announced to appear in the theatre. In September there was a gala with ‘50,000’ lamps for the benefit of Robert Duffell, who had for half a century illumined Vauxhall, Cremorne, and smaller public gardens.

In 1875 the lessees were Messrs. Poole and Stacey, who produced comic opera and ballet. Captain Boyton this year exhibited the life-saving apparatus with which he had crossed the Channel. In 1877 a new manager or lessee, John Reeves, offered for a sixpenny admission an open-air dancing-platform, a variety entertainment, and the sight of a Canadian ox of 400 stone. The last regular entertainment took place in the theatre on August 14, 1877.

In March, 1878, the theatre was hired for a single performance, a boxing match between Rooke and Harrington. A rough company of 800 people were got together, and the prize, a splendid silver vase valued at £100, was ostentatiously displayed to the audience. An old ‘Surrey’ waiter who was present is said to have recognized in this noble trophy a capacious _leaden_ vessel which had stood on one of the refreshment counters in the water-drinking days of the Zoological Gardens. {91}

[This account is mainly based on a large collection of bills, views, and newspaper matter formed by the writer. Some interesting details in Bishop H. H. Montgomery’s _Kennington_, 1889, chap. xi.; Walford, _Old and New London_; Blanchard in _Era Almanack_, 1871, p. 4; Blanchard’s _Life_.

Views: Plan of the gardens prefixed to the _Companion to the Royal Surrey Gardens_, third edition, 1835. Lithograph published by Havell in 1832 (W.). Lithograph by Alvey, 1836. Views in the _Mirror_, 1832. _Illustrated London News_, July 19, 1856 (view of gardens in 1856). The annual panoramas were regularly pictured in the _Mirror_ and the _Illustrated London News_.]

LIST OF MINOR GARDENS OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY

IN this list, which, though long, is not exhaustive, it is not practicable to do more than indicate the site and the _approximate_ date. Many of these places were only small gardens attached to public-houses.

I.—CHELSEA, PIMLICO, ETC.

BLACK LION, Chelsea.—Church Street (formerly Church Lane), at the corner of Paulton Street (_circa_ 1820).

ADMIRAL KEPPEL, Chelsea.—Now No. 77, Fulham Road. The gardens lay between Marlborough Road and Keppel Street, and extended to Albert Place at the back of the tavern (1790–1856).

MARLBOROUGH (afterwards WELLINGTON) GARDENS and Cricket Ground.—West end of Cadogan Street. The gardens and cricket field lay between Cadogan Street and Draycott Place, and part of the Guinness Trust Buildings in Marlborough Road are now on the site (_circa_ 1794–1850, or later).

SIX BELLS, NO. 197, King’s Road, Chelsea.—Still preserves a small garden and bowling-green. (View in P. Norman’s _London Vanished_, etc., p. 264.)

THE SWAN, Chelsea.—Old Swan House (No. 20, Embankment Gardens) is on part of the site (_circa_ 1780–1873). (Blunt’s _Chelsea_, p. 116; _cf._ p. 119 for the older Swan (_circa_ 1780) in Chelsea.)

KENSINGTON.—Several small gardens: The King’s Arms (early nineteenth century); White Horse to _circa_ 1850 (now Holland Arms, No. 1, St. Mary Abbot’s Terrace).

HOOP AND TOY, Brompton.—Now No. 34, Thurloe Place, S.W. (_circa_ 1833–1860).

KING’S ARMS, Pimlico.—Now No. 68, Ranelagh Road. The gardens were near the river, between Claverton Street and Ranelagh Road (_circa_ 1820–1850).

NEW RANELAGH GARDENS, Pimlico.—See _supra_, p. 28.

THE GUN, Pimlico.—The Buckingham Palace Hotel on part of the site (_circa_ 1830–1857).

THE MONSTER, St. George’s Row, Pimlico.—Now 2, Sutherland Terrace (_circa_ 1820–1830 and later).

THE FLASK, Ebury Square.—See _supra_, p. 29.

ORANGE TEA-GARDENS, Pimlico (with amateur theatre).—St. Barnabas’ Schools in Church Street, Pimlico Road, on site (_circa_ 1830–1845). These gardens were not identical (as incorrectly stated in _London Pleasure-Gardens_, p. 219) with those of Strombolo House, which is still standing, and now numbered 77 and 79, Pimlico Road.

UNION TEA-GARDENS.—Now No. 11, Pimlico Road, at the corner of Ranelagh Grove (_circa_ 1802–1846).

II.—BAYSWATER, ETC.

BOTT’S ARCHERY TAVERN, Bayswater Road.—Now No. 4, Bathurst Street. Bathurst Street is on the site of the bowling-green (_circa_ 1834–1839).

PRINCESS ROYAL, Bayswater.—See _supra_, p. 38.

NEW BAGNIGGE WELLS (or ‘CROWN’ GARDENS), Bayswater Road.—Now Crown Hotel (_circa_ 1819–1840).

BAYSWATER TEA-GARDENS, Lancaster Gate.—_Circa_ 1790–1854. (See _London Pleasure-Gardens_, p. 117.)

THE MAZE, Harrow Road.—Now No. 6, Chichester Place, Harrow Road (_circa_ 1842).

RANELAGH GARDENS, Paddington.—_Circa_ 1846.

JACKSON’S RACING GROUNDS AND HUNTING-SCHOOL, Westbourne Green (1837–1840).

THE PLOUGH, Notting Hill.—Now No. 144, High Street, Notting Hill (_circa_ 1834).

YORKSHIRE STINGO, Marylebone Road.—_Circa_ 1770–1848. (See _London Pleasure-Gardens_, p. 115.)

III.—NORTH LONDON.

For White Conduit House, Belvidere Tavern, Canonbury Tavern, Hornsey Wood House, Highbury Barn, and Kentish Town Assembly-House, see _London Pleasure-Gardens_, Group III.

THATCHED HOUSE, Islington.—Now No. 119, Essex Road (_circa_ 1810–1830, or later).

THE THREE COMPASSES, Hornsey, by the New River (1824 and later). (Hone, _Every-Day Book_, ii., p. 1311; Sherington, _Story of Hornsey_, p. 43; Thorne’s _Environs_, _s.v._ Hornsey.)

BULL AND GATE.—Now No. 389, Kentish Town Road (1801 and later).

CASTLE.—Now No. 147, Kentish Town Road. Garden site in Castle Place and Castle Terrace (_circa_ 1830–1851).

HOXTON TEA-GARDENS, Britannia Saloon.—Now Britannia Theatre (1802–1841).

NORTH POLE, New North Road.—Now No. 190 (_circa_ 1840).

EDINBURGH CASTLE, Mornington Road, N.W.—Has still a small garden and a museum formed by Mr. T. G. Middlebrook (before 1838).

BEDFORD ARMS, High Street, Camden Town.—Now Bedford Palace of Varieties. The gardens were between Arlington Street and High Street. May Terrace was built on the bowling-green (_circa_ 1824 and later).

BRECKNOCK ARMS.—Now No. 227, Camden Road (_circa_ 1839–1870).

MOTHER RED CAP.—Now 174, High Street, Camden Town (from end of eighteenth century to early nineteenth century).

SOUTHAMPTON ARMS.—Now No. 1, High Street, Camden Town (_circa_ 1818–1849).

ABBEY TAVERN, St. John’s Wood.—Now No. 8, Violet Hill Abbey Gardens, N.W. (from _circa_ 1844).

EYRE ARMS, St. John’s Wood.—Now No. 1, Finchley Road. The space behind the tavern and the adjoining Wellington Hall is now Hannay’s Riding-School (chiefly 1820 and 1830).

SWISS COTTAGE, St. John’s Wood.—Now 98, Finchley Road. Has still a small garden (_circa_ 1844).

HAMPSTEAD.—The Spaniards (see _London Pleasure-Gardens_, p. 184); Bull and Bush (still with a garden, recently celebrated in song—_cf._ Thorne’s _Handbook of Environs of London_, _s.v._ Hampstead); Jack Straw’s Castle.

IV.—CLERKENWELL.

BAGNIGGE WELLS, 1759–1841.—See _London Pleasure-Gardens_, Group I.; also for some other gardens of early nineteenth century.

CHERRY GARDENS, Clerkenwell.—South-west corner of Bowling-Green Lane (eighteenth century to _circa_ 1852).

UNION TAVERN.—Now 2, King’s Cross Road (_circa_ 1844–1860).

V.—EAST LONDON.

FALCON TAVERN.—East side of Bethnal Green (1830).

PITT’S HEAD, Bethnal Green.—_Circa_ 1820–1840.

BEN JONSON, Stepney.—_Circa_ 1832.

GREEN DRAGON, Stepney (1830).

GOLDEN EAGLE TAVERN, Mile End Road.—_Circa_ 1827.

LUSBY’S PLEASURE-GARDENS, Mile End Road.—Now Paragon Theatre of Varieties, 95, Mile End Road (_circa_ 1874–1877).

NEW VICTORIA GARDENS, Mile End.—The Victoria Tavern, No. 110, Grove Road, Arbery Road, and Medhurst Road, mark the site (_circa_ 1840–1850).

RED COW, Dalston.—_Circa_ 1801–1847.

VI.—SOUTH LONDON.

For VAUXHALL GARDENS (_circa_ 1661–1859), CUMBERLAND GARDENS, etc., see _London Pleasure-Gardens_, Group VI.

OLD KING’S ARMS, Southwark.—Now No. 68, Surrey Row—formerly Melancholy Walk (before 1852). (See Rendle and Norman, _Old Inns of Southwark_.)

THE HORNS, Kennington.—Now No. 214, Kennington Park Road. Gardens _circa_ 1800–1824.

THE BEEHIVE, Walworth.—See _supra_, p. 81.

VICTORIA (or ROYAL VICTORIA) GARDENS, Vauxhall.—Separated from Vauxhall Gardens by Miller’s Lane (now St. Oswald’s Place). Tate Street and part of Neville Street on site. Bounded on east by Vauxhall Street (_circa_ 1837–1840).

GREEN GATE, Lambeth.—Now 114, Ethelred Street (_circa_ 1710–1893).

CAMBERWELL GROVE HOUSE.—End of eighteenth century to _circa_ 1846.

NINE ELMS TAVERN.—Now 33, Nine Elms Lane, S.W. The garden site now occupied by the wharf of John Bryan and Co. (_circa_ 1840).

SPRINGFIELD WATERCRESS AND PLEASURE-GROUNDS.—Near the Stag Turnpike, Wandsworth Road (_circa_ 1860). Fêtes, with dancing and illuminations.

JAMAICA HOUSE, Bermondsey.—At the end of Cherry Garden Street, south of the Jamaica Road. Visited by Pepys, 1667. Gardens existed till _circa_ 1858.

CHERRY GARDENS, Rotherhithe.—Part of Cherry Garden Street now on the site. There is a Cherry-Tree public-house, No. 50, in that street. Visited by Pepys, 1664. Gardens existed till _circa_ 1846.

* * * * *

Mention must also be made of a few other nineteenth-century gardens which, though not in London, were a good deal frequented by Londoners:

ROSHERVILLE GARDENS, Gravesend.—Established 1837, and still in existence.

THE NORTH WOOLWICH GARDENS (1851 to _circa_ 1883).—Now represented by the Pavilion Hotel and the Royal Victoria Gardens, a public recreation-ground (Sexby’s _Municipal Parks_, p. 457).

BEULAH SPA (_circa_ 1831–1854), with its archery and entertainments of the ‘fancy fair’ kind, the site now partly occupied by the Beulah Spa ‘Hydro’ and its grounds.

ANERLEY GARDENS.—Near the station, Anerley (_circa_ 1841–1868). (Thorne’s _Environs_, _s.v._ Anerley; Walford, _Old and New London_, vi. 314.)

INDEX

A

ABBEY TAVERN, 95

Acrotormentarian Society, 40

Adams, W. H., balloonist, 9

Adams, Mrs. W. H., 46

Adelaide Gallery Casino, 7

Adelphi Theatre, 64

Admiral Keppel, Chelsea, 93

Albert Saloon, 68, 69

Albion Tavern, 5

Alhambra, Leicester Square, 13

Amburgh, Van, 69

American drinks, 7

Anerley Gardens, 97

Angling, 42, 52

Aquatic tournament, Cremorne, 8

Arban, J., 90

Archery, 38, 48

Archery Tavern, Bayswater, 38, 94

‘Aristocratic Fête,’ Cremorne, 8

Ashburnham House, Chelsea, 6, 23

Assembly House, Kentish Town, 95

Aston Park, Birmingham, 14

Atkinson, Miss M. A., actress, 61

Audrian, 19

B

Bagnigge Wells, 96

Bagnigge Wells, New. See New Bagnigge Wells

Baldwin, vocalist, 67

Balloon, the captive, 16

Balloon Tavern, 75

Ballooning, 3, 5, 9, 16, 17, 30, 46, 47, 50, 51, 57, 58, 63, 68, 70, 71, 77, 87, 88

‘Baron’ Nicholson. See Nicholson.

Barrett, Oscar, 67

Barry, John, clown, 74, 75

Barton, William, 50

Bathe, Sir W. de, 89

Battersea, 72–76

Battersea Fields, 73–75

Battersea Park, 75

Battle Bridge, 54

Batty, William, circus proprietor, 15, 30

Batty’s Hippodrome, 30, 31

Baum, John, 17–22

Bayswater, 37, 38, 94

Bayswater Tea-Gardens, 94

Beaufoy, H., 47

Beckwith family, 16

Bedford Arms, 95

Beehive, Walworth, 81, 82

Belgian fête, Cremorne, 16

Bell public-house, King’s Cross, 55

Belvidere Tavern, 95

Ben Jonson Tavern, Stepney, 96

Berenger, Baron de, 1–5

Bermondsey, 97

Bethnal Green, 96

Beulah Spa, 97

Billy the Nutman, 72

Bishop, James, 14

Black Lion, Chelsea, 93

Blackmore, rope-walker, 85

Blanchard, E. L., 26, 28, 29, 63, 67

Blessington, Lady, 31, 32

Blewitt, musician, 77

Blondin, ‘the female,’ 13, 14

Boisset family, 19

Boleno, H., 67

Bologna, harlequin, 53

Booth, ‘General,’ 65

Borini, bandmaster, 7

Bosjesmans, the, 8

Bott, James, 38, 94

Bott’s Archery Tavern, 94

Bouthellier, 9

Bower Saloon, 58

Bowling saloon, American, 7

Boyton, Captain, 91

Bradley, Henry, manager, 68

Braehem, Mlle., 77

Brandon, Mr. Alfred, 21, 22

Brecknock Arms, 95

Britannia Saloon, 95

Brunswick Gardens, Vauxhall, 77, 78

Brunswick House, 77, 78

Buislay, H. and E., 63

Bull and Bush, Hampstead, 96

Bull and Gate, 95

Burnand’s _Black-eyed Susan_, 17

Byron, Lord, 39

C

Cabinet Theatre, 56

Camberwell, 79, 80, 97

Camberwell Grove House, 97

Campbell, Herbert, 67

Campbell, of Sadler’s Wells, 67

Canonbury Tavern, 95

Caroline, Mme., 15

Castle Gardens, 95

Cavanagh, John, fives-player, 49

Cave and Mackney, 10

Chabert, 8

Chalk Farm, 39–41

Chelsea, 93; and see Cremorne and Manor-House Baths

Chelsea manor-houses, 25

Chelsea Vestry, 11, 20

Cherry Gardens, Clerkenwell, 96

— Rotherhithe, 97

Chinese Exhibition, 51

Christie, Mr., 39

Clarence Theatre, the Royal, 56

Clark, T. G., 64, 65

Clarke, Miss, rope-dancer, 59

Clerkenwell, 52, 96

Coal Hole, the, 4

Cochrane, Lord, 2

Cocking’s parachute, 46

Compasses, the Three, 95

Concerts at Grecian Saloon, 58–61

Connop, J., 35

Conquest family, 63

Conquest, B. O., 63, 64, 66

Conquest, George, 63, 64, 65

Conquest, George, the younger, 64

Core, Cristoforo, 8

Coronation Pleasure-Grounds, 60

Coveney, Harriet, 67

Cowell, Sam, 10, 63

Coxwell, Henry, 63, 70, 87

Cremorne Gardens, 1–24; plan of, 6–8; sale of, 22, 23; site of, 23, 24

Cremorne House, 1, 2

Creole choristers, 10

Cricket, 70, 81

Crockford’s Club, 13, 25

Cromwell, the Rev. Canon, 21

Cross, Edward, 83, 88

Crown Tavern, Pentonville, 59

Crown Gardens, Bayswater, 94

Cruikshank, George, 2, 24

Cumberland Gardens, 96

Cushine, Thérèse, 67

Cyder Cellars, 4

D

Dancer, Daniel, miser, 82

Dancing at Cremorne, 7, 17

Danson, George, 85, 86

Darby, fireworker, 3, 77

Deacon, manager, 53

Dean, Miss, 46

Debach brothers, 30

Delamarne’s balloon, 17

Deulin, 10, 67

De Vere, conjurer, 19

Dickens, Charles, 59, 60, 82 _n_.

Dolby, Miss, 89

D’Orsay, Count, 32, 34

Doughty’s dogs, 19

Dowling, Isaac, 67

Duelling, 39, 40

Duffell, Robert, fireworker, 3, 8, 91

E

Eagle, the, City Road, 57–67

Edinburgh Castle, tavern, 95

Edwards, Lambert, 10

Eel-Pie House, Highbury, 42, 43

Eglinton Tournament, 15, 16

Elliot brothers, acrobats, 51

Ellis, James, manager, 5, 79

Evans’s Supper-Rooms, 10

Ewing’s waxworks, 82

Exeter Change, 83

Eyre Arms, 95

F

Falcon Tavern, Bethnal Green, 96

Fancourt, Mr. H., 43, 59

Finsbury Fields, 48

Fitzgerald, Percy, 22

Fitzwilliam, Mrs., 56

Fives-playing, 49

Flask Tavern, Ebury Square, 29

Flexmore, Richard, 7, 62

Flora Gardens, Camberwell, 79, 80

Flower-shows, 6, 8, 85

‘Flying man.’ See Groof

Forde, Miss, 67

Franconi, 8, 51

Frazer, Mr., vocalist, 61

Frost, Mr., vocalist, 77

G

Garibaldi, 44

Garnerin’s parachute, 46

Garratt, John, 75

Garrick’s Head, tavern, 4

Geary, Stephen, 55

‘Geneive,’ Mme., 14

Genvieve, Mme., 14

Gieulien, Miss, 77

Glindon, Robert, 10, 60

Globe Pleasure-Grounds, 70, 71

Godard’s balloon, 16, 17

Godfrey, C., bandmaster, 88, 89

Godfrey, D., bandmaster, 89

Golden Eagle Tavern, 96

Gore House, Kensington, 31–33

Graham, Mr., balloonist, 30, 87

Graham, Mrs., balloonist, 3, 30, 46, 50, 80, 87

Greaves, W., artist, 24

Grecian Saloon and Theatre, 57–67

Green, Charles, balloonist, 5, 9, 46, 57

Green Dragon, Stepney, 96

Green Gate, City Road, 59, 60

Green Gate, Lambeth, 97

Grimaldi, 53

Groof, Vincent de, 17–19

Grove House, Camberwell, 97

Grover, Russell, 61

Gun, the, Pimlico, 64

Gyp, the raven, 73

Gypson, balloonist, 68

H

Hackney, 46, 47

Hampstead, 95

Hampton, John, balloonist, 3, 30, 51

Handel, 88

Harrington, boxer, 91

Harris, Thomas, balloonist, 57, 58, 82

Harroway, musician, 67

Hart, Mr., vocalist, 77

Hawkins, Sir Henry, 22

Hazlitt, William, 81

Hengler, 29, 59

Herring, Paul, clown, 69

Highbury, 42

Highbury Barn, 13, 14, 95

Hippodrome, Batty’s, Kensington, 30, 31

Hippodrome, Notting Hill, 34–36

Hogarth’s ‘Evening,’ 52

Hollyoak, 75

Hoop and Toy, Brompton, 93

Horn, C., musician, 61

Horns, the, Kennington, 96

Hornsey, 95

Hornsey Wood House, 42, 43, 95

Howell, Henry, singer, 60, 77

Hoxton, 48

Hoxton Tea-Gardens, 95

Huddart, Miss, 89

Hunt, Henry, M.P., 57

Huntingdon, Lady, 1

I

Ireland, James, 75

Ireland, T., 5

Ironwork gates, Cremorne, 24; and see frontispiece

Isaacson, of Grecian Theatre, 7

Islington, 48, 95

‘Islington Vauxhall,’ 49

J

Jack Straw’s Castle, 96

Jackson’s racing-grounds, 94

Jamaica House, Bermondsey, 97

James, Miss Fraser (or Frazer), singer, 59; an illustration, p. 59

Jefferini, clown, 82

Jeffrey, Francis, 39

Joel, Herr von, 10

Jones, Emma, artist, 32

Jones, Horace, architect, 89

Jones, Tom, mimic, 68

Jullien, 89, 90

K

Kensington, 30–33, 93

Kentish Town, 44, 45

Kentish Town Assembly House, 95

King’s Arms, Kensington, 93

King’s Arms, Pimlico, 94

King’s Arms, the old, Southwark, 96

King’s Cross, 54–56

King’s Cross Theatre, 56

L

Lambeth, 97

Lanza, Gesualdo, 55, 56

Lanza, Rosalie, 56

Latour, Henri, 9, 10

Laurent, bandmaster, 7

Lauri family, 17

Leclercq family, 67

Leotard, 16

Littlejohn, manager, 5

Lovarny, Mlle., 89

Love, Miss, 10

Lumber Troop, 50

Lusby’s Pleasure-Gardens, 90

M