Chapter 3

+Gamaliel Bradford+--man of letters.

Born at Boston, 1863. Studied at Harvard, 1882; no degree, because of ill health. Has confined his attention almost entirely to literature since 1886. Specializes in character portraits.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Types of American Character. 1895. A Pageant of Life. 1904. The Private Tutor. 1904. Between Two Masters. 1906. Matthew Porter. 1908. Lee, the American. 1912. Confederate Portraits. 1914. Union Portraits. 1916. Portraits of Women. 1916. A Naturalist of Souls. 1917. Portraits of American Women. 1919. The Prophet of Joy. 1920. (Poems.) Shadow Verses. 1920. American Portraits, 1875-1900. 1922.

STUDIES AND REVIEWS

Bookm. 41 ('15): 586 (portrait); 52 ('20): 170. Nation, 112 ('21): 86. New Repub. 9 ('16): supp. p. 3. See also _Book Review Digest_, 1916, 1920.

+George H. Broadhurst+ (1866)--dramatist.

Of his plays the following have been published:

What Happened to Jones. 1897. The Man of the Hour. 1908. Why Smith Left Home. 1912. The Law of the Land. 1914. Innocent. 1914. Bought and Paid for. 1916.

For bibliography of unpublished plays, see _Cambridge_, III (IV), 773.

+Alter Brody+--poet.

Born in Russia, 1895, of a Russian-Jewish family. Came to New York when he was eight years old. Very little education. Translated for Jewish and American newspapers. His first poems appeared in _The Seven Arts_ (cf. James Oppenheim).

His one book, _A Family Album_, 1918, is interesting for its realistic pictures of New York as seen through the temperament of a Russian Jew.

STUDIES AND REVIEWS

Untermeyer.

Poetry, 14 ('19): 280. See also _Book Review Digest_, 1918.

+Charles (Stephen) Brooks+--essayist.

Born in 1878. Graduate of Yale. Business man in Cleveland. Essay writing an avocation.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Journeys to Bagdad. 1915. "There's Pippins and Cheese to Come." 1917. Chimney-Pot Papers. 1919. Luca Sarto. 1920. (Historical novel.) Hints to Pilgrims. 1921. Frightful Plays! 1922.

STUDIES AND REVIEWS

Bookm. 47 ('18): 439 (portrait). Nation, 109 ('19): 178. Review, 2 ('20): 463. See also _Book Review Digest_, 1916, 1917, 1919, 1920.

+Van Wyck Brooks+--critic.

Born at Plainfield, New Jersey, 1886. A.B., Harvard, 1907. Taught at Leland Stanford, 1911-3. With the Century Company since 1915.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

The Wine of the Puritans. 1909. The Malady of the Ideal. 1913. John Addington Symonds--a Biographical Study. 1914. The World of H.G. Wells. 1915. America's Coming-of-Age. 1915. Letters and Leadership. 1918. The Ordeal of Mark Twain. 1919. The History of a Literary Radical; a Biography of Randolph Bourne, 1920.

STUDIES AND REVIEWS

Bookm. 41 ('15): 132 (portrait); 52 ('21): 333. Dial, 69 ('20): 293. See also _Book Review Digest_, 1914, 1915, 1918, 1920.

+Heywood (Campbell) Broun+--critic, essayist.

Born at Brooklyn, New York, 1888. Studied at Harvard, 1906-10. On _Morning Telegraph_, New York, 1908-9, 1911-12; _New York Tribune_, 1912-21. Now with _New York World_. War correspondent in France, 1917.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

A.E.F.--With General Pershing and the American Forces. 1918. Seeing Things at Night. 1921.

STUDIES AND REVIEWS

Bookm. 53 ('21): 443. Cur. Op. 67 ('19): 315. Dial, 65 ('18): 125. See also _Book Review Digest_, 1918, 1921.

+Alice Brown+--short-story writer, novelist, dramatist.

Born on a farm near Hampton Falls, New Hampshire, 1857. Graduated from Robinson Seminary, Exeter, New Hampshire, 1876. Lived on a farm many years and loves outdoor life. Many years on staff of _Youth's Companion_.

Her stories of New England life should be compared with those of Sarah Orne Jewett and Mary Wilkins Freeman (q.v.). In 1915, she won the Winthrop Ames $10,000 prize for her play, _Children of Earth_.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Fools of Nature. 1887. *Meadow-Grass. 1895. (Short stories.) Robert Louis Stevenson--A Study. 1895. (With Louise Imogene Guiney.) By Oak and Thorn. 1896. (English travels.) The Road to Castaly. 1896. (Poems.) The Day of His Youth. 1897. *Tiverton Tales. 1899. (Short stories.) King's End. 1901. Margaret Warrener. 1901. Judgment. 1903. The Mannerings. 1903. The Merrylinks. 1903. High Noon. 1904. (Short stories.) Paradise. 1905. The County Road. 1906. The Court of Love. 1906. Rose MacLeod. 1908. The Story of Thyrza. 1909. Country Neighbors. 1910. (Short stories.) John Winterbourne's Family. 1910. The One-Footed Fairy. 1911. (Short stories.) The Secret of the Clan. 1912. Vanishing Points. 1913. (Short stories.) Robin Hood's Barn. 1913. My Love and I. 1913. (Under the pseudonym "Martin Redfield.") *Children of Earth. 1915. (Play.) The Prisoner. 1916. Bromley Neighborhood. 1917. The Flying Teuton. 1918. (Short stories.) The Black Drop. 1919. Homespun and Gold. 1920. (Short stories.) The Wind between the Worlds. 1920. (Short stories.) Louise Imogene Guiney. 1921. One Act Plays. 1921. Old Crow. 1022. (Novel.)

STUDIES AND REVIEWS

Overton. Pattee. Rittenhouse.

Acad. 76 ('09): 110. Atlan. 98 ('06): 55. Cur. Op. 57 ('14): 28. Lit. Digest, 48 ('14): 1435. Outlook, 123 ('19): 514 (portrait). R. of Rs. 39 ('09): 761; 43 ('11): 121. (Portraits.) Spec. 102 ('09): 785.

+Arthur Bullard ("Albert Edwards")+--novelist.

Born at St. Joseph, Missouri, 1869. Studied about two years at Hamilton College. Settlement worker, probation officer of Prison Association of New York, 1903-6. Since 1906, has traveled widely. In Russia and Siberia, 1917-9. Foreign correspondent for different magazines both before and during the War. Socialist.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

*A Man's World. 1912. Comrade Yetta. 1913. The Barbary Coast. 1913. (Travels.) The Stranger. 1920.

STUDIES AND REVIEWS

Bookm. 37 ('13): 518 (portrait). Cur. Lit. 53 ('12): 698, 699 (portrait). New Repub. 21 ('20): 361; 24 ('20): 25. R. of Rs. 47 ('13): 244 (portrait). See also _Book Review Digest_, 1913, 1916, 1920.

+(Frank) Gelett Burgess+ (Massachusetts, 1866)--humorist.

Inventor of the "Goops" and of "Bromide" (_Are You a Bromide?_ 1907). The humor of his illustrations contributes greatly to the success of his writing. For bibliography, cf. _Who's Who in America_.

STUDIES AND REVIEWS

Bookm. 53 ('21): 488. Overland, n.s. 60 ('12): 377. R. of Rs. 35 ('07): 116 (portrait).

+Frances Hodgson Burnett (Mrs. Stephen Townsend)+--novelist.

Born at Manchester, England, 1849, but went to live at Knoxville, Tennessee, 1865. She began to write for magazines in 1867.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

That Lass o' Lowrie's. 1877. Through One Administration. 1883. Little Lord Fauntleroy. 1886. (Dramatized.) Editha's Burglar. 1888. The One I Knew the Best of All. 1893. (Autobiographical.) A Lady of Quality. 1896. (Dramatized; with Stephen Townsend.) T. Tembaron. 1913. The White People. 1917. The Head of the House of Coombe. 1922.

STUDIES AND REVIEWS

Halsey. (Women.) Harkins. (Women.) Overton.

Am. M. 70 ('10): 748 (portrait). Bookm. 20 ('04): 276 (portrait). Cur. Lit. 37 ('04): 321 (portrait). Good Housekeeping, 74 ('22): Feb., p. 27 (portrait). See also _Book Review Digest_, 1915-1917.

+John Burroughs+--Nature writer, essayist, poet.

Born at Roxbury, New York, 1837. Academy education with honorary higher degrees. Taught for about eight years; clerk in the Treasury, 1864-73; national bank examiner, 1873-84. From 1874 lived on a farm, after 1884 dividing his time between market gardening and literature. He died in 1921.

Mr. Burroughs' cottage in the woods not far from West Park, New York, appropriately called "Slabsides," has become famous and an effort is being made to keep it for the nation.

Mr. Burroughs continued to write and publish to the time of his death.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Notes on Walt Whitman as Poet and Person. 1867. Wake Robin. 1871. Winter Sunshine. 1875. Birds and Poets. 1877. Locusts and Wild Honey. 1879. Pepacton. 1881. Fresh Fields. 1884. Signs and Seasons. 1886. Indoor Studies. 1889. Riverby. 1894. Whitman, a Study. 1896. The Light of Day. 1900. Squirrels and Other Fur Bearers. 1900. Literary Values. 1904. Far and Near. 1904. Ways of Nature. 1905. Bird and Bough. 1906. (Poems.) Camping and Tramping with Roosevelt. 1907. Leaf and Tendril. 1908. Time and Change. 1912. The Summit of the Years. 1913. The Breath of Life. 1915. Under the Apple Trees. 1916. Field and Study. 1919. Accepting the Universe. 1920. My Boyhood: An Autobiography. 1922.

STUDIES AND REVIEWS

Barrus, Clara. Our Friend John Burroughs. 1914. ---- ---- John Burroughs. Boy and Man. 1920. Halsey. James, Henry. Views and Reviews. 1908. Loach, De, R.J.H. Rambles with John Burroughs. 1912. Sharp, Dallas Lore. The Seer of Slabsides. 1921.

Atlan. 106 ('10): 631; 128 ('21): 517. Bookm. 49 ('19): 389. Cent. 63 ('02): 860 (poem by Edwin Markam to John Burroughs); 80 ('10): 521; 101 ('21): 619; 102 ('21): 731. (Hamlin Garland.) Craftsman, 8 ('05): 564; 22 ('12): 240, 357, 525, 635; 27 ('15): 590. Critic, 47 ('05): 101 (portraits). Cur. Lit. 45 ('08): 60; 49 ('10): 680; 50 ('11): 413 (portraits). Cur. Op. 70 ('21): 644 (portrait), 667; 71 ('21): 74 Dial, 32 ('02): 7. Edin. R. 208 ('08): 343. Lit. Digest, 48 ('14): 1441; 69 ('21): Apr. 16, p. 23. Liv. Age, 248 ('06): 188. (W.H. Hudson.) Nation, 112 ('21): 531. New Repub. 26 ('21): 186. No. Am. 214 ('21): 177. Outlook, 66 ('00): 351 (portrait); 109 ('15): 224 (portraits); 127 ('21): 580 (portrait), 582; 129 ('21): 344. R. of Rs. 63 ('21): 517 (portrait). Review, 4 ('21): 338.

+Richard (Eugene) Burton+--critic, poet.

Born at Hartford, Connecticut, 1861. A.B., Trinity College, 1883; Ph.D., Johns Hopkins, 1888. Three years of teaching, editorial work, and travel abroad. Editor of the _Hartford Courant_, 1890-7. Associate editor of _Warner's Library of the World's Best Literature_, 1897-9. Head of the English department at the University of Minnesota, 1898-1902 and 1906--.

Besides his critical work, he has written a novel, a play, and a number of volumes of poetry. For complete bibliography, cf. _Who's Who in America_.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Literary Likings. 1898. Forces in Fiction. 1902. Literary Leaders of America. 1904. The New American Drama. 1913. How to See a Play. 1914. Bernard Shaw--The Man and the Mask. 1916.

STUDIES AND REVIEWS

Rittenhouse.

Bookm. 47 ('18): 348. Chaut. 38 ('03): 82 (portrait). Lond. Times, Mar. 17, 1910: 95. R. of Rs. 55 ('17): 214 (portrait).

+Witter Bynner+--poet, dramatist.

Born at Brooklyn, 1881. A.B., Harvard, 1902. Assistant editor of _McClure's Magazine_, 1902-6. Literary adviser to various publishing companies. Has recently traveled in the Orient. Under the pseudonyms "Emanuel Morgan" and "Anne Knish," Bynner and Arthur Davison Ficke (q.v.) wrote _Spectra_, a burlesque of modern tendencies in poetry, which some critics took seriously.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

An Ode to Harvard. 1907. (=Young Harvard, 1918.) Tiger. 1913. (Play.) The Little King. 1914. (Play.) The New World. 1915. Spectra. 1916. (Under pseudonym "Emanuel Morgan," with Arthur Davison Ficke, q.v.) Grenstone Poems. 1917. A Canticle of Praise. 1919. The Beloved Stranger. 1919. A Canticle of Pan and Other Poems. 1920. Pins for Wings. 1920. (Under pseudonym "Emanuel Morgan.")

STUDIES AND REVIEWS

Boynton Untermeyer.

Acad. 86 ('14): 687. Bookm. 47 ('18): 394. Dial, 67 ('19): 302. Forum, 55 ('16): 675. Freeman, 1 ('20): 476. Mentor, 7 ('19): supp. (portrait). Nation, 109 ('19): 440. New Repub. 9 ('16): supp. p. 13. (Review of _Spectra_, Bynner.) Poetry, 7 ('15): 147; 12 ('18): 169; 15 ('20): 281. See also _Book Review Digest_, 1914, 1920, 1921.

+James Branch Cabell+--novelist, critic.

Born at Richmond, Virginia, 1879, of an old Southern family. A.B., William and Mary College, 1898, where he taught French and Greek, 1896-7. Newspaper work from 1899-1901. Since then he has devoted his time almost entirely to the study and writing of literature. His study of genealogy and history has an important bearing upon his creative work.

SUGGESTIONS FOR READING

1. Before reading Mr. Cabell's stories, read his _Beyond Life_, which explains his theory of romance. He maintains that art should be based on the dream of life as it should be, not as it is; that enduring literature is not "reportorial work"; that there is vital falsity in being true to life because "facts out of relation to the rest of life become lies," and that art therefore "must become more or less an allegory."

2. Mr. Cabell's fiction falls into two divisions:

(1) Romances of the middle ages. (2) Comedies of present-day Virginia.

Both elements are found in _The Cream of the Jest_ (cf. with Du Maurier's _Peter Ibbetson_). The romances illustrate different aspects of his theory of chivalry; the modern comedies, his theory of gallantry (cf. _Beyond Life_).

3. In his romances he has created an imaginary province of France, the people of which bear names and use idioms drawn from widely diverse and incongruous sources. His effort to create mediæval atmosphere by the use of archaisms does not preclude modern idiom and slang. Through all this work, elaborate pretense of non-existent sources of the tales and frequent allusions to fictitious authors are a part of the method. After reading some of these stories, consider the following criticism from the _London Times_ quoted by Mr. Cabell himself at the end of _Beyond Life_: "It requires a nicer touch than Mr. Cabell's, to reproduce the atmosphere of the Middle Ages ... the artifice is more apparent than the art...."

4. An interesting study is to isolate the authors for whom Mr. Cabell expresses particular admiration and those for whom he expresses contempt in _Beyond Life_ and to deduce from his attitudes his peculiar literary qualities.

5. Mr. Cabell's style is notable for the elaboration of its rhythm, its careful avoidance of _clichés_, its preference for rare, archaic words and its allusiveness. Consider it from the point of view of sincerity, simplicity, clarity, and charm. Does it intensify or dull your interest in what he has to say? Study, for example, the following exposition of his theory of art:

For the creative artist must remember that his book is structurally different from life, in that, were there nothing else, his book begins and ends at a definite point, whereas the canons of heredity and religion forbid us to believe that life can ever do anything of the sort. He must remember that his art traces in ancestry from the tribal huntsman telling tales about the cave-fire; and so, strives to emulate not human life, but human speech, with its natural elisions and falsifications. He must remember, too, that his one concern with the one all-prevalent truth in normal existence is jealously to exclude it from his book.... For "living" is to be conscious of an incessant series of less than momentary sensations, of about equal poignancy, for the most part, and of nearly equal unimportance. Art attempts to marshal the shambling procession into trimness, to usurp the rôle of memory and convention in assigning to some of these sensations an especial prominence, and, in the old phrase, to lend perspective to the forest we cannot see because of the trees. Art, as long ago observed my friend Mrs. Kennaston, is an expurgated edition of nature: at art's touch, too, "the drossy particles fall off and mingle with the dust" (_Beyond Life_, p. 249).

In summing up Mr. Cabell's work, consider the following:

(1) Has he a definite philosophy? (2) Has he a genuine sense of character or do his characters repeat the same personality? (3) Is he a sincere artist or "a self-conscious attitudinizer?" (4) Is he likely ever to hold the high place in American literature which by some critics is denied him today? If so, on what basis?

BIBLIOGRAPHY

The Eagle's Shadow. 1904. The Line of Love. 1905. Gallantry. 1907. Chivalry. 1909. The Cords of Vanity. 1909. The Soul of Melicent. 1913. The Rivet in Grandfather's Neck. 1915. The Certain Hour. 1916. From the Hidden Way. 1916. (Verse.) The Cream of the Jest. 1917. Jurgen. 1919. Beyond Life. 1919. (Essays.) The Cords of Vanity. 1920. (Revised.) Domnei. 1920. (New version of _The Soul of Melicent_.) The Judging of Jurgen. 1920. Figures of Earth. 1921. Taboo. 1921.

STUDIES AND REVIEWS

Walpole, Hugh. The Art of James Branch Cabell. 1920.

Ath. 1919, 2: 1339. (Conrad Aiken.) Bookm. 52 ('20): 200. Cur. Op. 66 ('19): 254; 70 ('21): 537. (Portraits.) Dial, 64 ('18): 392; 66 ('19): 225. Harp. W. 49 ('05): 1598 (portrait). Lond. Times, Nov. 24, 1921: 767. Nation, 111 ('20): 343; 112 ('21): 914. (Carl Van Doren.) New Repub. 26 ('21): 187. Yale R. n.s. 9 ('20): 684. (Walpole.)

+George Washington Cable+--novelist.

Born at New Orleans, 1844. Educated in public schools, but has honorary higher degrees. Served in the Confederate army, 1863-5. Reporter on the New Orleans _Picayune_ and accountant with a firm of cotton factors, 1865-79. Since 1879, has devoted his time to literature.

Mr. Cable became at once famous for his studies of Louisiana life in _Old Creole Days_, and his pictures of this life have given him a permanent place in American literature. His stories should be read in connection with those of Kate Chopin and of Grace King (q.v.).

BIBLIOGRAPHY

*Old Creole Days. 1879. *The Grandissimes. A Story of Creole Life. 1880. *Madame Delphine. 1881. The Creoles of Louisiana. 1884. The Silent South. 1885. (Articles.) Dr. Sevier. 1885. Bonaventure. A Prose Pastoral of Louisiana. 1888. Strange True Stories of Louisiana. 1889. The Negro Question. 1890. (Articles.) John March, Southerner. 1894. Strong Hearts. 1899. The Cavalier, 1901. Bylow Hill. 1902. Kincaid's Battery. 1908. Posson Jone and Père Raphael. 1909. The Amateur Garden. 1914. Gideon's Band. 1914. The Flower of the Chapdelaines. 1918. *Lovers of Louisiana. 1918.

STUDIES AND REVIEWS

Harkins. Pattee. Toulmin.

Countryside M. 23 ('16): 274 (portrait). Critic, 47 ('05): 426. Harp. W. 45 ('01): 1082 (portrait). Outlook, 69 ('01): 425; 93 ('09): 689. (Portraits.) So. Atlan. Q. 18 ('19): 145.

+Abraham Cahan+--novelist.

Of Lithuanian-Jewish ancestry. Became editor of the _Arbeiter Zeitung_, 1891, and of _The Jewish Daily Forward_, 1897. A journalist who has done most of his work in Yiddish, but who has also written one remarkable novel in English: _The Rise of David Levinsky_, 1917.

STUDIES AND REVIEWS

Cambridge. Van Doren.

Dial, 63 ('17): 521. Nation, 105 ('17): 432. New Repub. 14 ('17): 31. See also _Book Review Digest_, 1917.

+(William) Bliss Carman+--poet.

Born at Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada, 1861. His ancestors lived in Connecticut at the time of the Revolution. A.B., University of New Brunswick, 1881; A.M., 1884. Studied at the University of Edinburgh, 1882-3, and at Harvard, 1886-8. Studied law two years. LL.D., University of New Brunswick, 1906. Came to live in the United States, 1889. Has been teacher, editor, and civil engineer.

In collaboration with Mary Perry King, Mr. Carman has produced several poem-dances (_Daughters of Dawn_, 1913, and _Earth Deities_, 1914), which it is interesting to compare with Mr. Lindsay's development of the idea of the poem-game.

Mr. Carman's most admired work is to be found in the _Vagabondia_ volumes, in three of which he collaborated with Richard Hovey (1894, 1896, 1900). His _Collected Poems_ were published in 1905, and his _Echoes from Vagabondia_, 1912.

STUDIES AND REVIEWS

Rittenhouse. Bookm. 11 ('00): 519, 521 (portrait).

Canad. M. 40 ('13): 455 (portrait); 47 ('16): 425 (portrait); 56 ('21): 521. Critic, 40 ('02): 155 (portrait), 161; 42 ('03): 397 (portrait). Ind. 57 ('04): 1131, 1132 (portrait); 65 ('08): 1335 (portrait). Lit. Digest, 50 ('15): 113. R. of Rs. 46 ('12): 619 (portrait).

+Willa Sibert Cather+--novelist, short-story writer.

Born at Winchester, Virginia, 1875. A.B., University of Nebraska, 1895; Litt. D., 1917. On staff of _Pittsburgh Daily Leader_, 1897-1901. Associate editor of _McClure's Magazine_, 1906-12.

SUGGESTIONS FOR READING

1. Miss Cather's special field is the pioneer life of immigrants in the Middle West. Points to be considered are: (1) her realism; (2) her detachment or objectivity; (3) her sympathy.

2. In what other respects does she stand out among the leading women novelists of today?

3. What is the value of her material?

4. Compare her studies with those of Cahan (q.v.), Cournos (q.v.), and Tobenkin (q.v.).

BIBLIOGRAPHY

April Twilights. 1903. (Poems.) The Troll Garden. 1905. (Short stories.) Alexander's Bridge. 1912. The Bohemian Girl. 1912. *O Pioneers. 1913. The Song of the Lark. 1915. *My Antonia. 1918. Youth and the Bright Medusa. 1920. (Short Stories.) One of Ours. 1922.

STUDIES AND REVIEWS

Overton.

Bookm. 21 ('05): 456 (portrait); 27 ('08): 152 (portrait); 53 ('21): 212 (portrait). Lond. Times, June 23, 1921: 403. Nation, 113 ('21): 92. New Repub. 25 ('21): 233. See also _Book Review Digest_, 1915, 1918, 1920.

+George Randolph Chester+ (Ohio, 1869)--novelist, short-story writer. The inventor of the _Get-Rich-Quick-Wallingford_ type of fiction.

For bibliography, see _Who's Who in America_.

+Winston Churchill+--novelist.

Born at St. Louis, 1871. Graduate of U.S. Naval Academy, 1894. Honorary higher degrees. Member of New Hampshire Legislature 1903, 1905. Fought boss and corporation control and was barely defeated for governor of the state, 1908. Lives at Cornish, New Hampshire.

SUGGESTIONS FOR READING

As an aid to analysis of Mr. Churchill's work, consider Mr. Carl Van Doren's article in the _Nation_, of which the most striking passages are quoted below:

To reflect a little upon this combination of heroic color and moral earnestness is to discover how much Mr. Churchill owes to the element injected into American life by Theodore Roosevelt.... Like him Mr. Churchill has habitually moved along the main lines of national feeling--believing in America and democracy with a fealty unshaken by any adverse evidence and delighting in the American pageant with a gusto rarely modified by the exercise of any critical intelligence. Morally he has been strenuous and eager; intellectually he has been naïve and belated.

* * * * *

Once taken by an idea for a novel, he has always burned with it as if it were as new to the world as to him. Here lies, without much question, the secret of that genuine earnestness which pervades all his books: he writes out of the contagious passion of a recent convert or a still excited discoverer. Here lies, too, without much question, the secret of Mr. Churchill's success in holding his audiences: a sort of unconscious politician among novelists, he gathers his premonitions at happy moments, when the drift is already setting in. Never once has Mr. Churchill like a philosopher or a seer, run off alone.

* * * * *