CHAPTER IX

PREVENTIVE, REFORMATIVE, AND CORRECTIONAL AGENCIES IN NEW YORK CITY

The agencies working to meet the need of wayward and professional delinquent women and girls in New York City are both private and public, direct and indirect. Work in this field can rarely be strictly characterized as either preventive, reformative or correctional. Almost all the agencies in question do both a preventive and a reformative work, though, in the main, the tendency toward preventive work is stronger than that toward rescue work. The following account is not exhaustive, but aims to deal with the representative institutions in each field.

(a) THE WORK OF PREVENTION

Preventive agencies cover a very wide range, beginning of course with the home and family, the school and the church; but important as these and similar institutions are, they are too general to come within the scope of this chapter. There are, however, certain societies and institutions which exert a potent though indirect influence,--among them the New York Society for the Suppression of Vice, the Society for the Prevention of Crime and the New York Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children. A few institutions render more direct service,--the Association for Befriending Children and Young Girls and the Children's Aid Society, for example. These, with the Home for the Friendless, the Sheltering Arms, the girls' departments of the Catholic Protectorate, the Juvenile Asylum, and other organizations maintain homes for the young. There are, moreover, numerous settlements with a hold on the young through kindergartens, clubs, and friendly services, doing a quiet but constantly effective preventive work; independent girls' clubs, thirty special ones in New York, providing opportunities for friendship, recreation and training; some societies, such as the Girls' Friendly, offering attractions to girls who have few advantages in their homes. The work of the Committee on Amusements and Vacation Resources of Working Girls has been active in the difficult dance hall problem, previously shown to be an important factor in the exploitation of prostitution. The Travelers' Aid Society, which assists incoming women of all classes at railway stations and docks, is a valuable safeguard. This society definitely helped 18,562 persons in the year 1912. Of these, 5,161 were from seventeen to twenty-five years of age, and nearly all women. Similar work for traveling colored girls is done by a department of the National League on Urban Conditions among Negroes. The Big Sisters assist girls who have already come to the point of grave danger. Working along the lines already marked out by the Big Brothers' Movement, women of devoted abilities are taking little girls who have already yielded to temptation and endeavoring to win them to useful lives.

Homes for working girls and women, though touching this need indirectly, touch it strongly. There are many of these homes, maintained by philanthropic and religious boards of women; seventeen hundred women are accommodated in them. Their economic value has long been realized; their moral and social importance is beginning to be appreciated. Their usefulness as preventive agencies probably varies with the degree of experience, resourcefulness, and sympathy possessed by those who are directly in charge.

Among the more definitely preventive agencies may be mentioned, first, societies of a national scope which aim to create healthy sentiment by emphasizing the grave dangers of the social evil. Such are the American Federation of Sex Hygiene and the Society of Sanitary and Moral Prophylaxis, operating through meetings, lectures and printed matter; the American Vigilance Association, which, originally organized to secure legislation and law enforcement as respects the white slave traffic, has now extended its operations so that it is actively engaged in a propaganda that touches the entire field of commercialized vice; it publishes a monthly periodical, _Vigilance_.

Prominent among local organizations is the Committee of Fourteen, originally organized for the suppression of the Raines Law Hotels, now occupied in combating all manifestations of commercialized sexual vice in New York. It endeavors to secure more vigorous and effective action by all departments of state and city government having power to suppress vice; and it also strives to improve conditions in saloons and hotels through the influence and control over such places exercised by brewers and surety companies.

Two societies doing important work in other lines are strongly interested in educational preventive work--the New York Probation Association and the Church Mission of Help. Both make special appeal to churches, to societies, and to clubs of women. The Probation Association organizes among working girls protective leagues, fourteen of which leagues have been started. Their main purpose is to secure the help of girls in protecting other girls. They endeavor to raise the tone of conversation in places where girls assemble and work. Lectures on sex hygiene are given, wholesome recreation is encouraged, and higher ideals of life cultivated. The Church Mission of Help organizes bands of women, principally in Episcopal churches, to study the needs of wayward girls and to give help as they are able. Both of these societies encourage parents, guardians, and girls in need to come to them for advice and help, thus making their work more personal.

The foregoing direct agencies mainly exert their preventive influence on the public _en masse_. The more definite and concrete examples of preventive work appear in the work of homes which concern themselves with individuals in distress. They take girls, some of them very young girls, who are subject to bad influences, who are incorrigible, or who for various reasons find difficulty in their home life. Of such homes there are several. Those reaching the larger numbers are represented by the Children's Department of the House of Mercy and the House of the Good Shepherd. For colored girls the work on the larger scale is done by the Howard Orphan Asylum, which maintains a house at Kings Park, Long Island. The smaller homes, of which there are at least six in New York, deal more personally with the individual girl. Their capacity ranges from 25 to 75. Of this type is the Free Home for Young Girls, managed by an incorporated association of church women. The inmates, mostly sent by guardians and friends, are from eleven to seventeen years of age. A real home life is maintained. Most of the girls attend the public schools. All are taught sewing, simple cooking, laundry work, and housework. They remain two or three years and are sent out to friends or to situations with approved surroundings. In Brooklyn the Training School and Home for Young Girls cares for and trains girls by a method similar to that of the Free Home. Two of these homes are partly preventive and partly reformative--the House of the Holy Family and the Washington Square Home. The first named is conducted by the Association for Befriending Young Girls, under the immediate charge of the Sisters of the Divine Compassion, and cares for 75 young girls, mostly Roman Catholics. Instruction in ordinary school branches is given. Physical exercises, manual training, and domestic science are taught. Special attention is given to the matter of amusements; religious as well as friendly care is provided. Provision is made for all girls leaving the home. Correspondence with Sisters and visits to the home are encouraged. This home cared for 177 girls in 1912.

The Washington Square Home is a non-sectarian institution. It provides a home for indefinite periods for girls who have erred or who are in danger of so doing. They come voluntarily to the home. Twenty-seven can be accommodated and the home is usually full. Of the 64 received in 1912, fifty were Protestants, 12 Roman Catholics, and 2 Hebrews. The average age of the girls is 18. Instruction in housework, laundry, and plain sewing is given. Girls are kept as long as necessary to train for self-support.

All these homes maintain good discipline and friendly relations. The girls usually go out equipped to live and with a strong appreciation of what has been done for them. Unfortunately their facilities are very limited in consequence of the meager resources. Usually from three to eight girls occupy a room when, as a matter of principle, each girl should be given her own cubicle. Moreover, the capacity is far below what is required.[315] Even as it is, valuable preventive results have been accomplished in case of those girls who have been reached.

(b) REFORMATIVE WORK

The border line between preventive and reformative work is in theory definite and clear; in practice, as illustrated by institutions, it is rather hazy. These institutions and homes endeavor to help women who have actually yielded to temptation or to force of circumstances.

They are susceptible of division along several lines. Some are small, under religious or private control, and for the most part reach the less demoralized class. There are also larger establishments, which receive both girls committed by the court and girls who enter voluntarily. Among the former may be mentioned the Margaret Strachan Home, the Midnight Mission and St. Michael's Home, and the New Shelter for Young Women, quite recently opened.

The Margaret Strachan Home cares for 24 girls temporarily. They come voluntarily, through doctors and mission friends, remain from one to six months, receive certain training under religious influences, and are sent out to maternity hospitals or to friends. There were 80 girls in the home in 1911, most of them under twenty years of age. For twenty-nine years this home has been conducted under the management of an association of religious women. The Wayside Home in Brooklyn provides a home for friendless girls and serves as a reformatory for Protestant young girls in Kings County. It emphasizes home care and practical training.

The St. Michael's Home is at Mamaroneck. It is operated under the Protestant Episcopal Church by the Sisters of St. John the Baptist. It cares for 60 girls at a time, most of them for the space of two years. Instruction in school branches and in housework and home-making is given. Girls come through parents and guardians, a few by commitment. Many of them are discovered by the missionary visitor. They go out to proper places equipped for usefulness.

Of the larger institutions there are four,--the House of the Good Shepherd, the House of Mercy, the New York Magdalen Benevolent Society and the Ozanam Home for Friendless Women. All of these receive wayward women of all kinds, and the House of the Good Shepherd and the House of Mercy receive little girls from dangerous surroundings. While they do not seek for committed cases, such are accepted. The Magdalen Society is the oldest home of this kind, having been founded in 1833.

The Ozanam Home in Brooklyn under the leadership of Roman Catholic women offers shelter and help to those who wish to reform. The work is of a temporary nature in that inmates do not as a rule remain in the home over three weeks. In the year 1912, six hundred and sixty-seven were cared for at public charges and 198 at private charges.

The House of the Good Shepherd can care for 500 women and girls, making it the largest institution of the kind. No account is taken of race, color, or creed, although probably the majority of its wards are Catholic. The girls are divided into classes according to their condition and purpose of entering the institution. Some look forward to giving their lives to religious service; others are to be trained for useful work and to be discharged when it is best. Volunteers leave at any time. The training covers usual school work, laundry, cooking, embroidery and lace making. Physical and recreational needs are cared for.

The House of Mercy does a similar work under the guidance of the Protestant Episcopal Church. The capacity of this house is 110. At the close of 1910 there were 107 inmates. These come, some of free will, others by commitment. The department for women is entirely separate from that for young girls, which, conducted as the work of St. Agnes Guild, is referred to above. The women are given practical training in domestic service and do the work of the large laundry which is a source of income. Attention is given to recreation, religious training and to the life after leaving the institution.

The Magdalen Benevolent Society Home cares for about 100 women, the larger part of whom are committed by magistrates. Erring women under 30 years of age also come voluntarily into the home for six months or more. Suitable school and practical training is given, physical and recreational wants are met, moral influences are exerted, and women go out to situations approved by the management. Unmarried mothers with babies are received and trained. This home is non-sectarian in its management and in its work.

All institutions dealing with erring women have to receive in larger or smaller numbers unmarried girls expecting to become mothers. There are, however, certain homes specially devoted to this class of women. The Heartsease Work for Friendless Women in this city, the St. Faith's Home at Tarrytown, and Lakeview House at Arrochar, Staten Island, are perhaps the best examples. To these the girls come voluntarily or are directed by relatives, friends and charitable workers. St. Faith's Home, though smallest in capacity and in total numbers cared for during the year, is representative in respect to the policy pursued. From 15 to 17 can be accommodated, and 39 girls were cared for in 1912, twenty-four of whom were received during that year. Mothers with their children are kept for two years in most cases. They are taught all kinds of home work and especially nursery work. Instruction in the fundamental branches of school work is given as well as lessons in hygiene, in dress, and in the expenditure of and accounting for money. Safe places are provided for all leaving the home. The home is managed by a board of women and an advisory board of men. It is largely supported by Episcopalians and the work is done by members of that church.

Lakeview Home, operated under the direction of the Council of Jewish Women, does a similar work for Hebrew girls. It emphasizes industrial training and personal work. It cares for 25 women and girls and 24 infants at a time. The total number cared for in 1912 was 60 girls and 45 infants.

The Heartsease Work is undenominational, though definitely religious. In addition to the care of women with babies, it provides a temporary home for erring women and endeavors to fit women for work. It cared for 204 cases in the year 1911-12. Forty were mothers with infants, 61 were girls becoming mothers, 14 girls were convalescing, and 20 girls were seeking employment. There were 9 infants without mothers. The home provides classes for instruction, social entertainments, and religious services.

Definite work to reform this class of women done by three religious organizations may be mentioned here,--that of the Chinatown Settlement, the Rescue Mission in Doyers Street, and of the Salvation Army. These organizations are in a position to touch those more deeply involved in vice; but the majority of the girls they reach are not prostitutes.

The Chinatown Settlement offers a home and friendly relations to girls drawn into Chinatown. It affords entertainments, religious teaching, and practical training. It brings to the home an average of 75 different girls per month. Two thousand calls on girls were made in 1912. It has a small country place for summer use.

The Rescue Society reaches girls through mission services, clubs, and classes. Two thousand, seven hundred and forty-eight women were touched by the services in 1911.

The Salvation Army maintains rescue and industrial homes in Manhattan and Brooklyn, as it does in all the chief cities of the land. The home in Manhattan cares for 50 women and is always full. Some midnight rescue work is done; but the girls actually taken from the streets are few. This work, which formerly depended largely upon religious results in meetings, now accomplishes more by personal influence of workers. The girls are of all nationalities, their average age, 25. So far as possible, the different classes are separated in the home. Of 115 inmates in one year 60 were betrayal cases, 19 were cases of prostitution, and 27 girls were under serious temptation. Capable girls are trained and sent out to service. The leaders state that perhaps 80 percent are reformed. The Army also maintains a home at Tappan on the Hudson for young girls about to become mothers. This work was formerly the Door of Hope and is still in charge of Mrs. Whittemore. The Army also does a preventive work for young girls on its farm in Spring Valley.

The two homes that probably touch the problem of the prostitute and commercialized traffic in women more closely than any others are Waverly House and the Florence Crittenton Home. The leaders in these homes are in close relation to the magistrate's courts and both take care of witnesses in white slave cases pending in the Federal Court.

Waverly House is under the management of the New York Probation Association. It accommodates 18 girls, who come through the courts, as above mentioned, and through philanthropic and religious organizations. Two hundred and nine were cared for in the house in 1912. They remained from one day to three months, for Waverly House is a temporary home and not a reformatory. Most of the girls are young, the largest group between sixteen and eighteen. With the exception of the court witnesses, girls are placed in such permanent institutions or positions as will meet their needs. Personal attention and careful study are most prominent in this house. Classes in the useful arts, English, and music are provided. One night each week is "play night," and entertainments of all kinds are provided. The higher spiritual truths are brought to the girls through a Sunshine Circle. Through the Employment Bureau the girls of the house, as well as many who have been arrested, those in moral danger, and many difficult and incorrigible girls, find situations.

The Florence Crittenton Mission in this city is one of many homes of the same name situated in the larger cities of this country. It formerly engaged in a rescue mission work for both men and women. Its work is now limited to the care of erring women. The home contains 16 rooms, each occupied by two or more persons. The girls are probationers, girls released on suspended sentences, witnesses in white slave cases, and women discharged by the courts; a few come from cafes and from the streets. During an entire year, 501 girls passed through the home, some staying but a few hours, others remaining for the year. They range in age from fourteen to twenty-five years. A night school is maintained, as well as classes in physical culture and the useful arts. A Helping Hand Class makes scrap books and small articles for sick children. The pleasure side of life is met by entertainments, and religious services are regularly held. The disposition of the 501 girls above mentioned was as follows:

Situations 183 Sent home 185 Deported 17 In care of organizations 58 Committed to institutions 19 Left against wishes 17 In Home 22 --- 501

The work is financed and managed by the National Florence Crittenton Mission.

Though not placed strictly under the reformative heading, certain fundamental phases of the work of the Probation Association and the Church Mission of Help may here be presented. As stated above, the sphere of these societies is largely that of clearing houses. They study carefully the girls who come to them and make of them the disposition best suited to their needs. The time of study allows opportunities for personal helpfulness and it is well improved.

The Church Mission of Help began its work by a prolonged study of 229 cases of wayward girls who were more or less connected with the Episcopal Church. Parental and good home conditions were sadly lacking in most cases. On the basis of this study the society began its work of information to the church and of helpfulness to the girls. During the year 1912 it was in touch with 352 girls, of whom 148 were under its direct care, 58 were cared for on leaving institutions, and 103 were in institutions. Two hundred and six of these girls were connected with the Episcopal Church. Twelve other religious bodies were represented, while a small number of the girls had no religious affiliations. All cases are referred, where possible, to the churches with which they are or were connected. The work of this society is largely personal. Besides locating girls in homes and institutions, employment is found for those fitted for it. Some court work is done. In addition to paid workers, an increasing number of trained volunteers are being used. Besides the care of the church girl and the work of education and prevention done by this society, its service of visitation in institutions is most valuable. The visits of sympathetic women to girls in institutions pave the way for a useful service in their social reinstatement later.

The wider work of the New York Probation Association, which deserves mention here, is in the form of a careful study of all the cases with which it has to do. A thorough physical examination is given each girl by a physician. A mental examination follows and cases are placed under the direct supervision of a skilled neurologist and psychologist. Careful records of all facts are kept. The discovery of physical and mental weakness, often after prolonged study, leads to a definite course of action. Such scientific results are not only valuable in the practical treatment of the individual girl, but furnish a basis on which the courts act, and are of wide usefulness to the student of the conditions which lead to moral delinquency.

(c) CORRECTIONAL WORK

There are three main correctional agencies in New York City: the New York State Training School for Girls at Hudson, the State Reformatory for Women at Bedford and the Workhouse. A real work of correction is also accomplished in the case of those committed to the House of the Good Shepherd, the House of Mercy, and the Magdalen Benevolent Society Home. The State Farm for Women, to be situated at Valatie, is not yet established, and the House of Detention, in connection with the Night Court for women, which would serve as an intermediary to correctional agencies, is not yet available.

The New York State Reformatory for Women at Bedford Hills, New York, was opened for commitment in May, 1901. It is supported entirely by state appropriations. It receives women between the ages of sixteen and thirty years from the First, Second, Third and Ninth Judicial District, _i. e._, Greater New York, Long Island and the tier of counties on each side of the Hudson River as far north as Albany. Over 80 percent of its inmates come from Greater New York. A woman of suitable age may be committed by any judge or magistrate for any offense over which he has jurisdiction, except murder in the first and second degrees, provided, however, that the woman has not previously been convicted of a felony.

The institution is situated in the heart of Westchester County--39 miles north of New York City. Here the State owns 192 acres of land and leases an additional 57 acres. It has at the present time a capacity for 340 inmates, with a population of 505; the expenditure for maintenance last year was $4.06 per week per capita. It is built on the cottage plan. This permits of classification, whereby the younger girls are separated from the older women and the less innocent from the more hardened offenders.

The idea of the institution is that of a good industrial school. There are book schools in which the inmates receive instruction in reading, writing, arithmetic, nature study, etc. Physiology and sex hygiene are taught by the resident physician. All the work of the farm, including the care of the cattle, pigs and other live stock, is performed by the inmates, with the exception of the plowing. Much out-door work of a constructive character is carried on, both for its physical effects and for mental and moral results. In this constructive work is included a milk house, silo, stairways and sidewalks made of concrete. Industrial training in laundry work, various branches of needle work, cooking and other branches of domestic science is given. The inmates have musical and dramatic clubs. Their religious needs are met by services conducted by clergymen of their respective denominations.

The Board of Managers constitute a Board of Parole and while the inmates are all committed for a maximum of three years, they may be paroled at any time, if in the judgment of the Board of Managers, such action is considered to be for their best interest. Parole officers find suitable homes and suitable work for the paroled women and follow them up carefully until the expiration of the parole period.

The New York State Training School receives girls under sixteen years of age from the entire state. Those from New York City come through the Children's Court. The equipment of the school is very good, the chief need being for more room. The cottage system used accommodates 385 girls, in separate sleeping rooms. It is, however, necessary to use other buildings and parts of buildings for housing purposes. The households are practically independent of each other, thereby offering, as far as is possible, the conditions and spirit of a real home.

The methods of work and the life in the school are most commendable. A personal and individual interest in each girl is manifest from the time of commitment through the school life and for years after the school is left. By careful study each one is placed in the cottage and environment where she will receive the most help and the best training. Changes to insure development are made, as necessary. A girl's grading depends on her conduct and proficiency. Discipline is varied, with the principle always in mind that the individual and not the offense is to be treated. Humiliation and loss of self-respect are avoided, if possible. The living conditions and training seem excellent. The girls do the cottage work, changes being so arranged as to give all a thorough experience in housework. School sessions of fifteen hours weekly in the morning and eight weekly in the afternoon prevail. The morning session is the book school, the afternoon the industrial school. Cooking, plain sewing, dressmaking, physical culture, gardening, and vocal music are carefully taught. Religious instruction is given by representatives of various churches under direction of the state. Amusements are afforded at proper times, are well arranged and heartily indulged in. That there is a spirit of pride and enthusiasm in work and a feeling of happiness in the life is quite believable when one realizes that so many old girls wish to visit the school that they cannot be accommodated. The records show that the delinquent girl of normal mind can be and is cured. Girls of sub-normal mind are still to some extent cared for in this school; but they should be in a special institution.

The Workhouse receives about 75 percent of all women prisoners convicted of offenses related to prostitution in the magistrates' courts in this city. In the year 1912, three thousand, five hundred and thirteen women charged with soliciting and loitering were committed to the Workhouse for periods up to six months. About 50 percent of these, as shown by the fingerprint process, are repeaters, each of whom had been arrested from two to eight times. The life in the Workhouse is generally conceded to be not only useless but actually harmful. The Chief Magistrate of the city has stated in print the following: "The present Workhouse, through no fault of the Commissioner or its officers, is a poor place for these women. The building does not meet the requirements for these cases. A new institution should be provided; not a lounging, unsanitary place, but a real workhouse, looking to reformation as well as punishment."

The reformatories in 1912 received through the courts 286 women. To Bedford were committed, 108; to the House of Mercy, 4; to the House of the Good Shepherd, 100; to the Magdalen Home, 74. Most, though not all these cases, were strictly related to prostitution. Through the Children's Court of the city, of the 120 cases charged with tendency to moral depravity and convicted in the year 1912, sixty-two were committed to institutions and 58 were placed on probation. Girls under sixteen committed to the House of the Good Shepherd numbered 64, to the House of Mercy, 57, and to the Training School at Hudson, 32; but not all of these cases involved immorality.

The following table summarizes the institutions for friendless and wayward girls, in so far as they are described in the text; though numerous, their capacity and resources are obviously quite inadequate to the need:

---------------+--------------+-----+--------+-----------------+-------- NAME |OBJECT |CAPA-| TOTAL |SOURCES OF |EXPENSES | |CITY | CARED | SUPPORT | | | | FOR 1 | | | | | YEAR | | ---------------+--------------+-----+--------+-----------------+-------- Heartsease |Prevention and| 25 | 204 |Contributions |$ 3,300 Work |reformation | | | | | | | | | House of the |Prevention and| 75 | 177 |City grant, | 13,850 Holy Family |reformation | | |contributions, | | | | |sewing-room, etc.| | | | | | Washington |Prevention and| 27 | 85 |Investments, | 6,160 Square Home |reformation | | |city grant, | for Friendless | | | |contributions | Girls | | | | | | | | | | Margaret |Reformation of| 24 | 80 |Investments, | 3,238 Strachan |first cases. | | |contributions | Home |Training | | | | | | | | | House of the |Protection and| 500 | 880 |County grants, |100,690 Good Shepherd |reformation | | |industrial dept. | | | | | | House of Mercy |Protection and| 110 | 183 |Investments, city| 22,247 |reformation | | |grant, laundry, | | | | |etc., | | | | |contributions | | | | | | New York |Reformation | 106 | 237 |City grants, | 27,690 Magdalen | | | |laundry, etc., | Benevolent | | | |contributions | Society | | | | | | | | | | St. Michael's |Reformation | 60 | 88 |Investments, | 8,000 Home |and training | | |contributions | | | | | | Waverley House |Temporary care| 26 | 209 |Contributions, | 22,371 | | | |investments, fees| | | | | | Salvation Army |Reformation | 50 | 115 |Sewing room, | 7,652 Rescue Home |and training | | |etc., | | | | |contributions | | | | | | Door of Hope |Shelter and | 25 | 56 |Contributions, | 3,451 |reformation | | |sewing | | | | | | Chinatown and |Care and | 6 | 84 |Contributions | 3,059 Bowery |reformation | | | | Settlement | | | | | | | | | | Florence |Reformation | 36 | 967 |Contributions | 9,319 Crittenton | | | | | Mission | | | | | | | | | | New Shelter |Reformation | 20 | 140 |Private patron | | | | | | St. Faith's |Shelter and | 17 | 31 |Contributions | 7,404 Home |reformation | | | | | | | | | Lakeview Home |Care for first| 25 | 60 |Subscriptions, | 8,476 |offenders | |(plus 45|contributions | | | |infants)| | | | | | | St. Katherine's|Shelter and | 13 | 13 |Subscriptions and| 3,531 Homes |reformation | |(plus 13|contributions | | | |infants)| | | | | | | Ozanam Home for|Care and | 100 | 865 |City grants, | Friendless |reformation | | |industrial dept.,| 8,957 Women | | | |contributions | | | | | | Wayside Home |Reformation | 21 | 67 |City grants, | |and training | | |contributions | | | | | | Free Home for |Care and | 30 | 53 |Invests funds, | 5,402 Young Girls |prevention | | |contribt's | | | | | | Brooklyn School|Care and | 30 | 94 |City grants, | 8,000 and Home for |prevention | | |contributions | Young Girls | | | | | | | | | | New York State |Correction and| 335 | 440 |State grants | 99,278 Training School|reformation | | | | for Girls | | | | | | | | | | State |Correction and| 340 | 763 |State grants | 89,721 Reformatory for|reformation | | | | Women | | | | | | |Daily | | | |average, 422. | | ---------------+--------------+-----+--------+-----------------+--------

Appendices

APPENDIX I

SUMMARY OF PLACES IN MANHATTAN WHERE PROSTITUTION WAS FOUND TO EXIST DURING PERIOD OF INVESTIGATION (JANUARY 24TH TO NOVEMBER 15TH, 1912)

--------------------------------------------------------------------- _Places_ | _Number of_|_Different Vice_ |_Number of_ | _Buildings_|_Resorts in Them_|_Investigations Made_ ----------------|------------|-----------------|--------------------- Parlor Houses | 142 | 142 | 441 Massage Parlors | 70 | 75 | 78 Tenements | 578 | 1172 | 1245 Furnished Rooms | 112 | 112 | 148 Hotels | 105 | 105 | 560 | ---- | ---- | ---- TOTALS | 1007 | 1606 | 2472 ---------------------------------------------------------------------

APPENDIX II

SUMMARY OF PLACES IN MANHATTAN CATERING TO PROSTITUTION--INVESTIGATED JANUARY 24TH TO NOVEMBER 15TH, 1912

----------------------------------------------------------------------- | _Number of Different_ | _Places_ |-------------------------------|_Number of |_Addresses of_|_Investigations_|Prostitutes | _Buildings_ | _Made_ |Counted_ ---------------------------|--------------|----------------|----------- Saloons, cafes and concert | 308 | 1304 | 2689 halls | | | Miscellaneous places allied| | | with prostitution | 71 | 145 | 385 Semi-public places used by | | | prostitutes | 20 | 35 | 150 | ---- | ---- | ---- Totals | 399 | 1484 | 3224 -----------------------------------------------------------------------

APPENDIX III

SUMMARY OF INMATES COUNTED AND ESTIMATED AT PLACES IN MANHATTAN WHERE PROSTITUTION WAS REPORTED DURING PERIOD OF INVESTIGATION FROM JANUARY 24TH TO NOVEMBER 15TH, 1912

--------------------------------------------------------------- _Places_ |_Number of_| _Inmates_ | _Total Including_ | _Inmates_ |_Estimated but_|_those Counted and_ | _Counted_ | _not seen_ | _Estimated_ --------------------------------------------------------------- Parlor Houses | 1686 | 2609 | 2609 Massage Parlors| 153 | .. | 153 Tenements | 2294 | 2976 | 2976 Furnished Rooms| 227 | .. | 227 Hotels | 583 | .. | 583 | ---- | ---- | ---- | 4943 | 5585 | 6548 ---------------------------------------------------------------

APPENDIX IV

MONTHLY EXPENSES OF THIRTY ONE-DOLLAR PARLOR HOUSES

---------------+---------------------------------------------------------- |_Mmes. or Housekeepers_ | +--------------------------------------------------- | |_Maids_ | | +--------------------------------------------- | | |_Cooks_ | | | +--------------------------------------- | | | | _Butcher & Grocer_ | | | |-----+--------------------------------- | | | | |_Lighthouse_ | | | | | +--------------------------- | | | | | |_Gas & Electricity_ | | | | | | +---------------------- | | | | | | |_Telephone_ | | | | | | | +----------------- | | | | | | | |_Rent_ | | | | | | | | +----------- | | | | | | | | |_Entertain- | | | | | | | | | ment | | | | | | | | |Tickets_ | | | | | | | | | +------ _Address_ | | | | | | | | | | Total ---------------+------+-----+-----+-----+-----+----+----+-----+----+------ No. -- W. 18th | $140| $104| $40| $160| $120| $35| $15| $150| $50| $814 No. -- W. 24th | 132| 80| 40| 160| 100| 20| 8| 175| 20| 735 No. -- W. 25th | 48| 78| 34| 140| 60| 18| 8| 200| 20| 606 No. -- W. 25th | 148| 148| 40| 200| 40| 25| 10| 208| 20| 839 No. -- W. 25th | 65| 88| 47| 148| 82| 32| .| 208| 35| 705 No. -- W. 25th | 160| 76| 32| 120| .| 25| 8| 125| 25| 571 No. -- W. 28th | 136| 116| 32| 140| 100| 30| 15| 110| 50| 729 No. -- W. 28th | 248| 88| 40| 140| 120| 25| .| 110| 50| 821 No. -- W. 31st | .| 80| 40| 120| .| 35| 8| 208| 25| 516 No. -- W. 35th | 192| 78| 34| 200| 84| 30| 10| 150| 20| 798 No. -- W. 40th | .| 52| 32| 48| .| 12| 6| 125| .| 275 No. -- W. 40th | .| 56| 40| 60| .| 12| .| 125| .| 293 No. -- W. 40th | 128| 80| 36| 120| 72| 35| 12| 125| 20| 628 No. -- W. 56th | 172| 112| 48| 180| 60| 35| 15| 175| .| 797 No. -- 6th Ave.| 72| 60| 44| 140| 100| 25| .| 200| 50| 691 No. -- 6th Ave.| 108| 100| 48| 120| 60| 15| 10| 208| 20| 680 No. -- 6th Ave.| 128| 80| 40| 120| 120| 30| .| 175| 40| 733 No. -- 6th Ave.| 60| 64| 48| 200| .| 20| 10| 166| 25| 593 No. -- 6th Ave.| 120| 60| 32| 140| .| 25| 8| 150| 20| 555 No. -- 6th Ave.| 64| 48| 32| 48| 80| 15| .| 150| .| 437 No. -- 6th Ave.| 128| 54| 40| 140| 60| 25| 10| 175| 35| 667 No. -- 6th Ave.| 128| 120| 44| 180| 100| 35| 15| 175| 50| 847 No. -- 6th Ave.| 60| 44| .| 180| 72| 20| 6| 225| 20| 627 No. -- W. 24th | 72| 96| 36| 80| 160| 20| 10| 175| 25| 674 No. -- W. 26th | 168| 120| 36| 180| 60| 40| 15| 150| 50| 819 No. -- W. 27th | 60| 52 | 40| 100| 80| 25| 8| 175| 30| 570 No. -- W. 28th | 60| 76 | 40| 160| 120| 25| 10| 200| 50| 741 No. -- W. 28th | 60| 56 | 48| 140| .| 12| .| 125| .| 441 No. -- W. 36th | 160| 88 | 40| 140| 80| 30| 10| 150| 50| 748 No. -- W. 36th | 180| 80 | 36| 120| 80| 25| 10| 150| 25| 706 +------+-----+-----+-----+-----+----+----+-----+----+------ Monthly Totals | $3197| 2434| 1139| 4124| 2010| 746| 237| 4943| 825| 19665 Year's Total |$41561|31642|14807|53612|26130|8952|2844|59316|9900|248764 ---------------+------+-----+-----+-----+-----+----+----+-----+----+------

APPENDIX V

MONTHLY EXPENSES OF TEN DISORDERLY APARTMENTS IN TENEMENT BUILDINGS

------------------+--------------------------------------------- |_Maids_ | +-------------------------------------- | |_Lighthouse, bell boys, etc._ | | +-------------------------------- | | |_Butcher & Grocer_ | | | +-------------------------- | | | | _Gas & Electricity_ | | | | +-------------------- | | | | |_Telephone_ | | | | | +--------------- | | | | | |_Rent_ | | | | | | +--------- _Address_ | | | | | | | _Total_ ------------------+------+-----+-----+-----+----+-----+--------- No. -- W. 43rd St.| $36| $ .| $60| $10| $8| $75| $189 No. -- W. 45th St.| 32| .| 60| 10| 8| 125| 235 No. -- W. 49th St.| 64| .| 75| 12| 8| 100| 259 No. -- W. 50th St.| 64| 10| 80| 10| .| 100| 264 No. -- W. 55th St.| 64| .| 60| 12| 15| 110| 261 No. -- W. 58th St.| 44| .| 55| 8| .| 36| 143 No. -- W. 58th St.| 52| .| 60| 8| 5| 50| 175 No. -- W. 58th St.| 44| 230| 100| 10| 6| 50| 440 No. -- W. 60th St.| 60| .| 60| 8| 5| 75| 208 No. -- W. 65th St.| 32| .| 40| 7| 5| 60| 144 +------+-----+-----+-----+----+-----+--------- Monthly Totals | $492| 240| 650| 95| 60| 781| 2318 Year's Totals | $6396| 3120| 8450| 1140| 720| 9372| 29198 ------------------+------+-----+-----+-----+----+-----+---------

APPENDIX VI

MONTHLY EXPENSES OF EIGHT FIVE-DOLLAR PARLOR HOUSES

---------------+-------------------------------------------------------- |_Housekeepers_ | +------------------------------------------------- | |_Maids_ | | +------------------------------------------- | | |_Cooks_ | | | +-------------------------------------- | | | | _Butcher & Grocer_ | | | |-----+-------------------------------- | | | | |_Piano Player_ | | | | | +--------------------------- | | | | | |_Cab Boy_ | | | | | | +---------------------- | | | | | | |_Gas & Electricity_ | | | | | | | +----------------- | | | | | | | |_Telephone_ | | | | | | | | +------------ | | | | | | | | |_Rent_ | | | | | | | | | +------ _Address_ | | | | | | | | | | Total ---------------+------+-----+----+-----+----+----+----+----+-----+------ No. -- W. 38th | $152| $112| $40| $200| $88| $56| $45| $12| $166| $871 No. -- W. 41st | 152| 104| 48| 250| 100| .| 45| 15| 210| 924 No. -- W. 46th | 140| 96| 44| 240| 80| 48| 45| 15| 230| 938 No. -- W. 46th | 136| 144| 44| 200| 80| 48| 60| 15| 225| 952 No. -- W. 46th | 80| 128| 40| 200| 80| .| 45| 12| 175| 760 No. -- W. 47th | 144| 88| 44| 240| .| 40| 45| 20| 250| 871 No. -- W. 49th | 200| 88| 40| 240| .| .| 40| 20| 200| 828 No. -- W. 52nd | 140| 112| 48| 240| 80| 60| 40| 15| 150| 885 +------+-----+----+-----+----+----+----+----+-----+------ Monthly Totals | $1144| 872| 348| 1810| 508| 252| 365| 124| 1606| 7029 Year's Total |$14872|11336|4524|23530|6604|3276|4380|1488|19272|89282 ---------------+------+-----+----+-----+----+----+----+----+-----+------

APPENDIX VII

CONDITIONS ON THE STREETS OF MANHATTAN IN MONTHLY PERIODS FROM JANUARY 24TH TO NOVEMBER 15TH, 1912, SHOWING STREET WALKERS COUNTED, AND NUMBER WHO SOLICITED MEN INVESTIGATORS

----------------------+--------------------------------------+ | _All Streets in Manhattan_ | _Period_ |--------------------------------------+ |_Street_ | _Street_ | | |_Walkers_| _Walkers who_ | _Number_ | |_Counted_| _Solicited_ |_of Reports_| | |_Investigators_| | ----------------------+---------+---------------+------------+ Jan. 24th to Feb. 24th| 482 | 104 | 157 | Feb. 24th to Mar. 24th| 492 | 133 | 149 | Mar. 24th to Apr. 24th| 490 | 104 | 129 | Apr. 24th to May 24th | 883 | 117 | 214 | May 24th to June 24th | 1203 | 118 | 259 | June 24th to July 24th| 696 | 72 | 245 | July 24th to Sept. 1st| 1048 | 52 | 201 | Sept. 1st to Oct. 1st | 451 | 45 | 69 | Oct. 1st to Nov. 1st | 738 | 34 | 134 | Nov. 1st to Nov. 15th | 276 | 14 | 39 | ----------------------+---------+---------------+------------+ TOTALS | 6759 | 793 | 1596 | ----------------------+---------+---------------+------------+

----------------------+-------------------------------------- | _Broadway_ _Period_ |-------------------------------------- |_Street_ | _Street_ | |_Walkers_| _Walkers who_ | _Number_ |_Counted_| _Solicited_ |_of Reports_ | |_Investigators_| ----------------------+---------+---------------+------------ Jan. 24th to Feb. 24th| 38 | 8 | 9 Feb. 24th to Mar. 24th| 105 | 25 | 22 Mar. 24th to Apr. 24th| 195 | 25 | 28 Apr. 24th to May 24th | 435 | 46 | 74 May 24th to June 24th | 562 | 40 | 69 June 24th to July 24th| 479 | 25 | 114 July 24th to Sept. 1st| 593 | 20 | 87 Sept. 1st to Oct. 1st | 209 | 18 | 22 Oct. 1st to Nov. 1st | 352 | 16 | 55 Nov. 1st to Nov. 15th | 207 | 12 | 12 ----------------------+---------+---------------+------------ TOTALS | 3175 | 235 | 492 ----------------------+---------+---------------+------------

Of the total number of street walkers counted, over 47% were on Broadway.

Of the total number of street walkers who solicited investigators, nearly 30% were on Broadway.

Of the total number of reports on streets, about 31% related to Broadway.

APPENDIX VIII

NUMBER OF REPORTS ON STREET WALKING IN MANHATTAN, DURING PERIOD OF INVESTIGATION FROM JANUARY 24th TO NOVEMBER 15th, 1912, ACCORDING TO POLICE PRECINCTS

---------+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------+------ |Jan |Feb |Mar |Apr |May |Jun |Jul |Sept|Oct |Nov | | | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 1 | 1 | 1 |Total | Precincts| to | to | to | to | to | to | to | to | to | to | Six |_Pct_ |Feb |Mar |Apr |May |Jun |Jul |Sept|Oct |Nov |Nov |Months| | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 15 | | ---------+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------+------ 1 | | | | | | 7 | 3 | | 2 | | 12 | .75 2 | | | | | | 7 | 2 | | 3 | | 12 | .75 5 | | | | | | | | | 1 | | 1 | .07 6 | | | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | | | | 7 | .45 7 | | | | | | | | | | | | 8 | | | | | | | | | | | | 10 | | | | | | 2 | | | | | 2 | .13 12 | | | 1 | 4 | | 3 | | | | | 8 | .50 13 | | | 2 | 4 | | 1 | | 1 | | | 8 | .50 14 | 1 | | | | | 1 | 4 | | | | 6 | .38 15 | 22 | 7 | 18 | 14 | 26 | 14 | 8 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 117 | 7.33 16 | 3 | | 1 | | | 1 | 4 | | 1 | 1 | 11 | .70 17 | | | 2 | | | | 1 | | | | 3 | .20 18 | 18 | 10 | 8 | 16 | 4 | 16 | 15 | 4 | 13 | 8 | 112 | 7.02 21 | 24 | 13 | 8 | 21 | 32 | 11 | 12 | 2 | 7 | 2 | 132 | 8.25 22 | 17 | 22 | 8 | 13 | 28 | 13 | 15 | 14 | 10 | | 140 | 8.75 23 | 35 | 21 | 28 | 73 | 64 | 69 | 51 | 28 | 40 | 13 | 422 | 26.40 25 | 1 | 2 | | | 21 | 2 | 3 | | 2 | | 31 | 1.95 26 | 4 | 13 | 13 | 29 | 38 | 59 | 37 | 7 | 18 | 7 | 225 | 14.08 28 | 1 | 13 | 13 | 14 | 12 | 11 | 11 | | 6 | | 81 | 5.08 29 | 1 | 3 | 1 | | 5 | 4 | 4 | | 2 | 3 | 23 | 1.45 31 | | | | | | | | | | | | 32 | 3 | 10 | 7 | 15 | 10 | 11 | 20 | 5 | 11 | 2 | 94 | 5.90 33 | 1 | | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | | | | | 8 | .50 35 | | | | | | | 1 | | | | 1 | .07 36 | 9 | 18 | 4 | 5 | 9 | 5 | 9 | 5 | 9 | 2 | 75 | 4.70 39 | 3 | 5 | 5 | | 3 | | | | | | 16 | 1.02 40 | | | | | 1 | 3 | | | | | 4 | .25 43 | 14 | 12 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 2 | | 2 | 3 | | 45 | 2.82 ---------+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------+------ |157 |149 |129 |214 |259 |244 |201 | 69 |134 | 39 | 1596 |100.00 ---------+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+------+------

APPENDIX VIII

POLICE RULES REGARDING DISORDERLY PLACES

_Captains of Police Precincts._ It is the duty of a police captain to report to the police commissioners on the fifth of each month:

1. Steps taken to enforce provisions of the Penal Law with reference to disorderly houses within his precinct.

2. Steps taken to enforce the Penal Law and Greater New York Charter regarding concert saloons, dives and other places where disorderly, degraded or lawless people congregate.

3. Steps taken to enforce the Liquor Tax Laws and ordinances relating to various crimes above mentioned.

No. 55 Under Rule 42.--When any room or building in any part or portion within the precinct is known to the captain to be kept, used, or occupied for purposes of prostitution, assignation, or other immoral purpose, he must give notice in writing to the owner, lessee or occupant, that such room or building is so used, and that it is a misdemeanor.[316]

No. 56 Under Rule 42.--If the occupation and use of such premises shall continue the captain will obtain warrants for and cause the arrest of such owner, lessee or occupant for a misdemeanor and cause them to be prosecuted as required by law.[317]

No. 100 Under Rule 42.--Captains will make charges of neglect of duty against any patrolman under their command who fails to discover a serious breach of the peace occurring on his post, during his tour of duty; or who shall fail to arrest any party guilty of such offense.[318]

No. 13 Under Rule 45.--If a policeman is on duty on a post where houses of ill-fame are suspected to exist, he should be careful to restrain acts of disorder, prevent soliciting from windows, doors or on streets, and arrest all persons found so doing, also carefully observe all other places of a suspicious nature, obtain evidence as to the character and ownership of such houses, by whom frequented and report results of his observation to his commanding officer.[319]

APPENDIX IX

PARLOR HOUSES: ADDITIONAL DATA

_X_ 25. _Sixth Avenue--a one-dollar house._

March 5, 12.40 A. M. The investigator visited this place at the solicitation of X 26, a lighthouse stationed at the corner of Sixth Avenue and 29th Street. He counted 14 inmates and bought a pint bottle of beer for 25 cents from the madame. The names of some of the inmates are Mignon, Helen, Violet and Georgette.

March 6, 1912, 11 P. M. This house is reported as running about a year. Names of some of inmates: Alice, Louise and Mabel.

May 25, 1912. Rosie, X 27, was an inmate here on this date.

July 21, 1912. Flora, X 28, and Violet, X 29, were inmates here on this date.

August 25, 1912. The proprietors are X 30, and X 31. The madame is X 32.

* * * * *

_X_ 7. _James Slip._

At 2 P. M. on April 10, 1912, there were seven inmates in the receiving parlor. One of these girls said there were three more, making ten in all. All were dressed in the regular parlor house costume and all claimed to possess medical certificates. Tony, X 8, is said to be connected with this house, and reaps the profits from the business. The girls receive one-half of what they make, _i. e._, twenty-five cents from every visitor. The sanitary conditions are very bad.

* * * * *

_X_ 33. _Sixth Avenue--a one-dollar house._

February 5, 1912. X 34, the proprietor of this place, is a power in the Tenderloin. One of his women, whose name is Rosie, is madame at this address.

February 6, 1912. The investigator counted 8 inmates. Some of the inmates' names are Daisy, Rose and Bertha. The house is open night and day.

February 19, 1912. 1.30 A. M. The investigator counted 14 inmates. The madame was stationed in the hall with her ticket puncher.

February 24, 1912. An inmate in this house told the investigator that Dr. X 35 is the physician employed by the house.

April 4, 1912. X 36 was an inmate on this date.

July 9, 1912. X 37 was an inmate on this date.

July 15, 1912. X 38 and X 39 were inmates on this date.

* * * * *

_X_ 41. _West 24th Street--a one-dollar house._

February 2, 1912. 9.30 P. M. to 10.45 P. M. The investigator counted nine men entering.

February 19, 1912. 9.30 P. M. The investigator counted 14 inmates. The Madame is X 42. The names of some of the inmates on this date are Pearl, Marie, Clara and Sadie.

March 24, 1912. The physician for this place is X 43.

May 24, 1912. The proprietor of the resort is X 44.

May 25, 1912. X 45, an inmate here on this date claims that this is a good "money house."

* * * * *

_X_ 46. _West 25th Street--a one-dollar house._

February 1, 1912. 9 to 9.30 P. M. The investigator counted 9 inmates.

February 24, 1912. 2 A. M. The investigator counted 12 inmates and estimated 16. The proprietors are X 47 and X 48.

March 1, 1912. 9.30 P. M. The investigator counted 14 inmates. X 49 is said to be a proprietor.

March 19, 1912. 8.45 P. M. The investigator counted 14 inmates.

March 29, 1912. The investigator was present when a young thief, X 50, sold the madame, X 51, a dress he claimed to have stolen from a department store. X 35 is the house doctor here. The house is conducted by X 52.

X 51, the madame of this place, is the wife of X 47, the proprietor. X 43 is the physician. The investigator estimated the number of inmates as 19. Gussie often acts as madame.

April 16, 1912. X 53, the girl of X 54 is the assistant madame and housekeeper here.

* * * * *

_X_ 59. _West 25th Street--a one-dollar house._

February 1, 1912. 10.30-11.30 P. M. The investigator counted 11 inmates. The house is kept by X 17 in partnership with X 34. The names of some of the inmates on this date are Ruth, Elsie, and Margarita.

February 6, 1912. X 17, keeper of this place, has two other houses.

February 25, 1912. 9.15 P. M. The investigators counted 20 inmates. Eight pimps were present. The names of two of the girls on this date were Edith and May.

March 19, 1912. The investigator counted 14 inmates.

March 23, 1912. 1 A. M. The investigator counted 21 inmates and estimated 24. X 17 is the madame, also proprietor together with X 34. The house physician on this date is X 43. X 60 is a man said to be connected with this place. The names of some of the inmates on this date are Cora, Ruth, Violet, Lottie, Sophie, Blanche, and Mamie.

April 24, 1912. The names of some of the inmates on this date are X 61, X 62, and X 63.

May 24, 1912. X 2, who is an inmate of this house and has a country-wide reputation, does an exceedingly large business.

June 18, 1912. X 17, the madame, is in partnership with X 34.

July 12, 1912. The names of two inmates on this date are X 64 and X 65.

July 16, 1912. The investigator counted 12 inmates and estimated 16.

* * * * *

_X_ 67. _West 25th Street--a one-dollar house._

February 1, 1912. 9.30-10.30 P. M. The investigator counted 6 inmates and estimated 8. Annie acts as madame.

February 8, 1912. The proprietors of this place are X 68 and X 69.

February 19, 1912. 12.05 A. M. The investigator counted 12 inmates. Liquor is sold in this house on the quiet. The names of some of the inmates on this date are Marie, Laura, Mary, and Nellie.

February 23, 1912. 12.20 A. M. The investigator counted 10 inmates. X 49 is said to own a part interest in this place. Liquor not sold on this date.

March 2, 1912. 12.15 A. M. The investigator counted 10 inmates and estimated 17. Cigarettes sold but no liquors. The names of some of the inmates on this date are X 70, Rosie, Grace and Mabel.

March 19, 1912. 8.15 P. M. The investigator counted 19 inmates. Bessie acted as madame. X 69 and X 72 are reported as the proprietors of this place.

June 10, 1912. 11.20 P. M. The investigator counted 12 inmates and estimated 15. The proprietors are X 72 and X 73. Names of inmates on this date are Anna, Grace and Rose.

June 13, 1912. The investigators counted 13 inmates and estimated 15. The names of some of the inmates on this date are Marcelle, Grace, Dollie and Fannie. The place was formerly owned by X 72, X 69 and another. X 72 forced X 69 out and is now the chief owner. The share of X 69 was sold to X 73.

June 19, 1912. Inmate Nellie says she turns her earnings over to her pimp, X 74.

July 11, 1912. The names of three inmates on this date are X 75, X 76 and X 77.

* * * * *

_X_ 78. _West 27th Street--a one-dollar house._

February 8, 1912. The proprietors of this place are X 68, X 69 and X 72.

February 25, 1912. 8.30 P. M. The investigator counted 12 inmates.

March 4, 1912. 12.15 A. M. The investigator counted 16 inmates. The investigator was solicited to go here by a lighthouse, X 79. The proprietors are X 68 and X 69. The names of some of the inmates on this date are Ray, Matilda, Jennie, Belle and Georgie.

March 6, 1912. The investigator witnessed X 69 in conversation with a patrolman. X 68 is the chief owner.

March 24, 1912. The investigator counted 16 inmates. The physician of this place is X 80. The inmates pay him $1 per visit.

June 19, 1912. 11.30. The investigator was given a card to this place. X 69 forced X 72 out and bought his interest.

June 28, 1912. The investigator was handed a card to this place by a woman on Seventh Avenue near 28th Street. He saw another card on the sidewalk near West 27th Street on Seventh Avenue.

July 12, 1912. The names of three inmates of this house on this date are X 81, X 82 and X 83. The name of the owner of the property as given in the tax book for 1912 is X 84.

* * * * *

_X_ 16. _West 31st Street--a one-dollar house._

February 8, 1912. 4.15 P. M. The investigator was approached on the street by a woman "runner" and given cards to above address. She said she had 5 or 6 girls there and she invited him to follow her. The investigator said he might call in the evening, and she told him to ring the bell on the stoop.

February 14, 1912. 12 P. M. The investigator counted 8 inmates, and was told there were 12 working here. The investigator had been solicited to come here by a cab driver, X 85.

February 16, 1912. The madame's name is Rose.

February 20, 1912. 9.20 P. M. The investigator was solicited on Sixth Avenue by a woman "runner" to enter this house. She had been stopping other men. The investigator counted 6 inmates. Mamie acted as madame. The names of some of the inmates on this date are Goldie, Ella, and Richmond.

March 7, 1912. 1.30 A. M. The investigator saw a prostitute who solicits on Sixth Avenue take four different men to this address within an hour, the first floor of which is a house of prostitution run by Madame Rose.

April 24, 1912. The name of the madame is X 86. The proprietors are X 34 and X 17.

May 14, 1912. X 86, the real madame, conducts this house on a 20 percent basis for X 34.

May 24, 1912. X 88 drunkard, lighthouse and procurer, works for X 34 at this address. He usually stands in front of X 89.

June 12, 1912. 3.00 A. M. The investigator talked with two men who had just come from this house. An inmate had shown one of the men her card punched with holes indicating that she had entertained 60 men that night.

July 10, 1912. The place is reported as closed, probably on the instructions of X 34. X 90 and X 17 are interested here.

July 15, 1912. The name of an inmate at this house on this date is X 91. The name of the owner of this property as given in the tax book for 1912 is X 92.

* * * * *

_X_ 93. _West 40th Street--a one-dollar house._

March 8, 1912. 10.40 P. M. The investigator counted 5 inmates. The name of the madame is Rosie; proprietor, X 94. The names of some of the inmates on this date are Ethel, Della, Josie and Maria.

March 14, 1912. 12.30 A. M. The investigator was taken to this place by X 95. This place is running very quietly.

May 14, 1912. X 96 and his brother, X 94, are partners in the house.

June 12, 1912. The name of an inmate on this date is X 97. The name of the owner of this property as given in the tax book for 1912 is X 98.

* * * * *

_X_ 99. _West 40th Street--a one-dollar house._

February 1, 1912. 11.30 P. M. The investigator saw men go in and out of this place. He was unable to gain admittance.

February 13, 1912. 10.00 P. M. The investigator saw five men enter in half an hour.

February 16, 1912. 10.00 P. M. The investigator counted 2 inmates and estimated 8. The madame's name is Rosie. The proprietor of the place is X 100. The name of the owner of the property as given in the tax book for 1912 is X 101.

* * * * *

_X_ 102. _West 40th Street._

February 1, 1912. X 103, partner of X 44, has practised prostitution and run houses for ten years.

February 6, 1912. The investigator counted 12 inmates. The proprietors are X 44 and X 103, who also acts as housekeeper. X 44 hangs out at X 104.

April 27, 1912. 9.00 P. M. The investigator counted 5 inmates and estimated 6. The price of the house is $2 and $5. Drinks are sold--$2 for an ordinary round, and $5 for a quart of champagne. The name of the madame is X 105. The names of some of the inmates on this date are Mignon, Lucy, Emma and Fifi. The name of a man connected with the house is X 106. The owner of the property is X 108.

APPENDIX X

TENEMENTS: ADDITIONAL DATA

(a) SOLICITING

February 24, 1912, investigator visited a cider stube in a tenement building at X 128, St. Mark's Place. A waitress solicited him to enter a rear room for immoral purposes. The woman who conducts this stube is X 127, this being the name of the woman mentioned in the letter quoted in