Part 10

Swift foretold very accurately the great vogue that _Gulliver's Travels_ would have. In writing to Arbuthnot he said: "I will make over all my profits (in a certain work) for the property of _Gulliver's Travels_ which, I believe, will have as great a run as John Bunyan." The success of the book when issued anonymously in November, 1726, was enormous. Swift derived his chief satisfaction from the fact that he had hoodwinked many readers. Arbuthnot told of an acquaintance who had tried to locate Lilliput on a map and another told him of a shipmaster who had known Gulliver well. Many editions of the book were called for in England, and in France it had a great success and was dramatized.

A large paper copy of the first edition, with Swift's corrections on the margin, which appeared in later editions, is now in the South Kensington Museum. It shows how carefully Swift revised the work, as the changes are numerous. Toward the close of 1726 the work was reissued, with a second volume. In 1727 appeared the first new edition of both volumes. Swift's changes were mainly in "Laputa," which had been severely criticized. On Dec. 28, 1727, Swift in a letter suggests illustrations for the new edition and says of the book: "The world glutted itself with that book at first, but now it will go off but soberly, but I suppose will not be soon worn out."

A Dublin edition of 1735 contained many corrections and it also included a "Letter from Gulliver to his cousin Simpson," a device of Swift to mystify the public and make it believe in the genuineness of Gulliver.

The best life of Swift is in two volumes, by Henry Craik (New York: The Macmillan Company, 1894). The best short life is by Leslie Stephen in the _English Men of Letters Series_.

Index

ADDISON, JOSEPH, suggestion of the _Spectator_ given by Defoe, 126.

AGAMEMNON, THE, FitzGerald's version, 79.

AENEID, THE, features of great Latin epic, 33, 34.

AESCHYLUS, 36.

ALCOTT, A. BRONSON, introduced Emerson to German philosophy, 30.

ANALECTS OF CONFUCIUS, 39.

ANTIGONE, the greatest of Sophocles' tragedies, 36.

ANTONY AND CLEOPATRA, 24.

APOLLYON, his famous fight with Christian, 115.

ARABIAN NIGHTS, 39-43.

ARNOLD, MATTHEW, his imitation of Greek lyrics, 32; his fondness for _The Imitation of Christ_, 71.

AREOPAGITICA, THE, one of Milton's finest prose works, 102.

BACONIAN THEORY, its absurdity, 14, 15.

BALZAC, _Le Pere Goriot_, a study of a father's unselfish sacrifices, 23.

BIBLE, THE, xx: 9-13. Comfort in time of sorrow, 11, 12. Culture from study of it, 12, 13. Greatness compared with other books, 10. Men who formed their style on it, 12, 13. _Soul of the Bible, The_, a fine condensation of the Scriptures, 11. Zophar's words to Job, 12.

BOCCACCIO'S TALES, 39.

BOHN'S TRANSLATIONS, 37.

BOOTH, EDWIN, his magnificent interpretation of Hamlet, 24, 25.

BOSWELL, JAMES, his _Life of Dr. Johnson_, 117.

BROBDINGNAG, the land of giants in Swift's _Gulliver's Travels_, 131.

BRUNHILDE, one of the heroines of _The Nibelungenlied_, 45.

BRYANT, WILLIAM CULLEN, his metrical version of the _Iliad_ and the _Odyssey_, 34.

BUNYAN, JOHN, 100, 109. Biography, 109-111. Comparison between Bunyan and Milton, 108, 109. _Holy War, The_, a good allegory, 112. Life in Bedford jail, 111. Saturated with the Bible, 114.

BURTON, SIR RICHARD, his unexpurgated edition of the _Arabian Nights_, 42.

BYRON, LORD, epigram on Cervantes, 57.

CALDERON, FitzGerald's version of several plays of, 79.

CAPTAIN SINGLETON, one of Defoe's romances dealing with African adventure, 126, 127.

CARLYLE, THOMAS, Essay on the _Nibelungenlied_, 46. Essay on _Boswell's Johnson_, 127. Tribute to Dante, 89, 90.

CERVANTES, his adventurous career, 58-60. Life at Rome, 59. Wounded at Lepanto, 59. Wrote _Don Quixote_ at age of fifty-eight, 60.

CHESTERFIELD, LORD, Dr. Johnson dedicated his Dictionary to him, 120. Johnson's bitter satirical letter to him as patron, 121, 122.

CHILDE HAROLD, 57.

CICERO, eloquence in his letters, 37.

CLEOPATRA, pictured by Shakespeare as the greatest siren of history, 24.

COLONEL JACK, an entertaining picaresque romance by Defoe, 127.

COMEDIES OF SHAKESPEARE, 19.

COMTE, AUGUSTE, made the _Imitation_ part of his Positivist ritual, 72.

CONFESSIONS OF ST. AUGUSTINE, THE, 48-55. Influence on Churchmen, 49. Reveals marvelous faith in God, 53.

CORSON, PROFESSOR HIRAM, a great interpreter of Shakespeare, 25.

CRANCH, CHRISTOPHER P., author of one of the best metrical versions of the _AEneid_, 34.

CULTURE, not confined to college graduates, xix. An old sea captain's self culture, 5, 6.

DANTE, biography, 86, 87. His _Divine Comedy_ one of the world's great books, 39. Love of Beatrice his chief inspiration, 86.

DEFOE, DANIEL, biography, 125, 126. _Robinson Crusoe_ his greatest work, 128. _Colonel Jack_, _Moll Flanders_, _Roxana_, _Captain Singleton_, _Memoirs of a Cavalier_, _Duncan Campbell_ and _Journal of the Plague Year_, his other best known works, 126, 127. One of the greatest of pamphleteers, 126. Secrecy about life puzzle to biographers, 126. Style formed on study of the Bible, 13.

DE MORGAN, WILLIAM, took up authorship at sixty, 61.

DE QUINCEY, THOMAS, his distinction between the literature of power and the literature of knowledge, x. His style full of Biblical phrases, 13.

DERBY, EARL OF, blank verse translation of the _Iliad_, 34.

DICKENS, CHARLES, novelist who gained fame in youth, 61.

DIVINE COMEDY, influence on great poets and prose writers, 89, 90. Inspiration of Mazzini and New Italy, 84. Mirrors the Italy of Dante's day, 88. One of the greatest of the world's poems, 83, 84. Tributes by Carlyle, Lowell and Longfellow, 89, 90, 91.

DON JOHN OF AUSTRIA, leader under whom Cervantes fought against Moslems, 59.

DON QUIXOTE, character of hero, 58. Greatest book in Spanish literature, 57. Mirrors Spanish life and character, 62. Written in prison, 61.

DRYDEN, JOHN, his verse, 106.

DUNCAN CAMPBELL, a story of second sight, by Defoe, 126.

DUMAS, ALEXANDRE, the elder, his remarkable literary development, 17.

ELIOT, DR. CHARLES W., his "five-foot shelf of books," xix.

ELIOT, GEORGE, her tribute to Thomas a Kempis, 72.

ELIZABETHAN AGE, its richness in great writers, 17.

EMERSON, RALPH WALDO, Essays mosaic of quotations, 30. How he wrote his essays, 66. Influenced by Oriental poets, 30. Recommends translations of classic and modern foreign authors, 85.

EPICTETUS, the Greek stoic, 37.

EMPEDOCLES ON ETNA, one of Matthew Arnold's finest poems, 32.

EURIPIDES, 36.

FITZGERALD, EDWARD, Biography, 77, 78. Friend of Tennyson and Thackeray, 77. His version of the _Ruba'iyat_ made Omar's work famous, 78, 79. Other translations, 79.

FIVE-FOOT SHELF OF BOOKS, xix, 93.

FOX'S BOOK OF MARTYRS, 109.

GALLAND, ANTOINE, introduced the _Arabian Nights_ to Europe, 42.

GARRICK, DAVID, the famous English actor who, as a youth, tramped to London with Dr. Johnson, 119.

GIBBON, EDWARD, in advance of his age, 116, 117. On love of reading, ix. Member of Dr. Johnson's Club, 120.

GOETHE, his _Faust_ ranks with Shakespeare's best plays, 16. Comparison between Mephistopheles and Iago, 23.

GOLDSMITH, OLIVER comment on Dr. Johnson's method in argument, 118.

GORDON, GENERAL, influence over barbarous races, 51, 52. Had the _Imitation_ in his pocket when he fell at Khartoum, 72.

GRACE ABOUNDING, one of Bunyan's minor works, 110.

GRENFELL, DR. WILFRED T., medical missionary to Labrador and one of the most stimulating of the writers of the day, 51. _What the Bible Means to Me_; full of helpful suggestions, 52.

GULLIVER'S TRAVELS, Swift's greatest work, 129-131. Lilliput, Brobdingnag, Laputa, and the land of the Houyhnhnms, 131.

HAMLET, the finest creative work of Shakespeare, 20, 22, 24, 96.

HELEN OF TROY, 35.

HOLY WAR, THE, one of Bunyan's religious allegories, 112.

HOMER, 31, 33, 34, 35. _The Iliad_ leads all classical works, 33, 34. Many translators of the _Iliad_, 34. Pictures of old Greek Life, 35.

HORACE, no satisfactory translation of his odes, 31.

HOUYHNHNMS, THE, Land in _Gulliver's Travels_, in which the Horse is King and men are vile slaves called Yahoos, 131.

ILIAD, THE, the greatest literary masterpiece of antiquity, 34.

IL PENSEROSO, one of Milton's finest lyrics, 107.

IMITATION OF CHRIST, THE, by Thomas a Kempis, 39, 64-71. Appeal for the spiritual life, 70. Best editions, 73. Famous writers bear testimony to its influence, 71, 72. Its inspiration drawn directly from the Bible, 68. Some quotations, 71.

IVANHOE, 113.

JEFFERIES, RICHARD, a young English writer who reproduced the very spirit of classical life, 31. _The Story of My Heart_, 32.

JOHNSON, DR. SAMUEL, 116-122. Biography, 118-120. His best poems, _London_ and _The Vanity of Human Wishes_, 119, 121. His best prose, _The Lives of the Poets_, and _Life of Richard Savage_, 119, 120. His famous letter to Lord Chesterfield, 121, 122. Rare qualities of old Doctor's character, 123. Boswell's Life of, 117, 122, 123.

JOHNSON, ESTHER (STELLA) one of the two women Swift loved to their cost, 129.

JONSON, BEN, 15.

JOURNAL OF THE PLAGUE YEAR, a work of fiction by Defoe which surpasses any genuine picture of London's great pestilence, 127.

JOWETT, DR. BENJAMIN, an Oxford professor and the best Greek scholar of his time who made the finest version of Plato's _Phaedo_, 36.

JUAN FERNANDEZ ISLAND, scene of Robinson Crusoe's adventures, 125.

JULIUS CAESAR, one of Shakespeare's greatest historical tragedies, 23.

KEATS, JOHN; without knowing Greek or Latin, he reproduced most perfectly the spirit of classical life in his _Ode to a Grecian Urn_, and other poems, 31, 32.

KEMPIS, THOMAS A, author of _The Imitation of Christ_, 65-68. Biography, 66-68.

KING LEAR, the tragedy of old age and children's ingratitude, 23.

KIPLING, RUDYARD, his great literary success at early age, 61.

KORAN, THE, its inferiority to the Bible, 10.

KRIEMHILD, the heroine in the _Nibelungenlied_, whose revenge resulted in the slaughter of the Burgundian heroes, 44.

L'ALLEGRO, one of Milton's finest lyrics, 107.

LANE, EDWARD W., who wrote the best translation of the _Arabian Nights_, 42.

LANG, ANDREW, joint author with Butcher of a prose translation of the _Iliad_ and the _Odyssey_, 34.

LAPUTA, the floating island in _Gulliver's Travels_, 131.

LEO, BROTHER, Professor of English Literature in St. Mary's College, Oakland, Calif., the editor of a good cheap edition of _The Imitation of Christ_, 73.

LILLIPUT, a land in _Gulliver's Travels_ inhabited by pygmies, 131.

LOCKHART, JOHN GIBSON, Scott's son-in-law and biographer, who edited a good edition of _Don Quixote_, 60.

LONGFELLOW, HENRY WADSWORTH, translated the _Divine Comedy_ by working fifteen minutes every morning, 8. His tribute to Dante, 90, 91.

LOPE DE VEGA, the most prolific of Spanish playwrights, 58.

LOWELL, JAMES RUSSELL, attributed his love of learning to reading Dante, 90.

LYCIDAS, Milton's exquisite lament over the death of a young friend, 107.

MACAULAY, THOMAS BABINGTON, his wide reading in India, 8. Essays rich in allusions to many authors, 104. Essay on Boswell's Johnson, 122.

MACBETH, Shakespeare's tragedy of guilty ambition, 22, 23.

MANTELL, ROBERT, one of the greatest living interpreters of Shakespeare on the stage, 15.

MANZONI, 84.

MARCUS AURELIUS, his _Meditations_, 33. Simplicity of character when master of the Roman world, 37.

MARLOWE, CHRISTOPHER, a contemporary of Shakespeare, whose plays are almost unreadable today, 15.

MAZZINI, GIUSEPPE, the the Italian patriot who regarded Dante as the prophet of the New Italy, 84, 89.

MEDEA, one of the greatest of the tragedies of Euripides, 36.

MEDITATIONS of Marcus Aurelius, one of the famous Latin classics that is very modern in feeling, 33.

MEMOIRS OF A CAVALIER, one of Defoe's graphic romances of the time of Cromwell, 126.

MERCHANT OF VENICE, one of the most popular of Shakespeare's plays, 21.

MILL ON THE FLOSS, one of George Eliot's best novels, in which Maggie Tulliver feels the influence of Thomas a Kempis, 72.

MILTON, JOHN, 100-103. Biography, 101-103. _Paradise Lost_, dictated in blindness, 103. Sonnet on his blindness, 107.

MOLL FLANDERS, the romance of a London courtesan, by Defoe, 127.

MORRIS, WILLIAM, his _Sigurd the Volsung_, 46.

NAISHAPUR, the home of Omar Khayyam, 75.

NIBELUNGENLIED, THE, a German epic poem of the first half of the Thirteenth Century, 44, 47. Story of the murder of Siegfried and the revenge of Kriemhild told in Wagner's operas, 45, 46.

NIZAM UL MULK, Vizier of Persia and school friend of Omar Khayyam, who gave the poet a pension, 75, 76.

ODYSSEY, THE, one of Homer's great epics, 34.

OLD TESTAMENT, its splendid imagery, 10.

OMAR KHAYYAM, author of _The Ruba'iyat_, 74-77. Biography, 75-77.

OTHELLO, Shakespeare's tragedy of jealousy, 23.

PARADISE LOST, 100-106. Modeled on the classical epics, 104. Richness of imagery and allusions to classical mythology, 104. Blank verse of the poem unsurpassed in English literature, 106. Specimens of style, 106.

PAYNE, JOHN, translator of the _Arabian Nights_ for the Villon Society, 42.

PEPYS' DIARY, description of the great plague in London, 127.

PHAEDO, Plato's version of the _Dialogues of Socrates_, 36.

PILGRIM'S PROGRESS, Bunyan's great romance, 108-113. Evidences of close study of the Bible in this book, 114. Fight between Christian and Apollyon, 115. A literary masterpiece by a poor, self-educated English tinker, 115.

PIGSKIN LIBRARY, THE, a collation of books carried by Colonel Roosevelt on his African game-hunting trip, 9.

PLATO, the _Dialogues of Socrates_, 31. Jowett's translation of the _Phaedo_, 36.

PLINY, his letters bring the classical world very near to us, 37.

PLUTARCH'S LIVES, 36.

POPE, ALEXANDER, translation of the _Iliad_, 33, 34. Artificial verse of, 106.

PROMETHEUS, BOUND, a tragedy of AEschylus, 36.

PUSEY, DR. E. B., leader of the Tractarian movement in England, who translated the _Confessions of St. Augustine_, 51.

RAMBLER, THE, weekly journal written and published by Dr. Johnson, which suggested the _Spectator_ to Addison, 119.

READING CLUBS, suggestions for forming them, 97, 98.

REPUBLIC, THE, Plato's picture of an ideal commonwealth, 36.

REYNOLDS, SIR JOSHUA, famous artist and associate of Dr. Johnson, 120.

ROBINSON CRUSOE, 124-128. The world's greatest book of adventure for children, 124, 125. Instant success of the book, 126. Materials furnished by a castaway on Juan Fernandez Island, 128. Art shown in describing Crusoe's solitude and his moral and religious reflections, 128, 129.

ROMEO AND JULIET, Shakespeare's great tragedy of unhappy love, 21.

ROOSEVELT, COL., his Pigskin library, 9. His best literary work done in _African Game Trails_, 9.

ROXANA, one of Defoe's romances of a woman of London's tenderloin, 127.

RUBA'IYAT, THE, Omar Khayyam's great poem, 39, 74, 78-81. Its world-wide vogue due to FitzGerald's splendid free version, 74, 75. Its Oriental imagery, 75. Omar's Epicureanism largely imaginary, 80. Specimen quatrains from FitzGerald's version, 81.

RUSKIN, JOHN, his splendid diction due to early Bible study, 13.

SANCHO PANZA, squire to Don Quixote, 56.

ST. AUGUSTINE, the most famous father of the Latin church of the fourth century, author of the _Confessions_, 39, 49, 50, 54, 55. Biography, 53-55. Influence of the _Confessions_, 54. His tribute to his mother, Monica, 55.

SCOTT, SIR WALTER, among English authors next to Shakespeare in creative power, 20.

SELKIRK, ALEXANDER, the English sailor whose adventures gave Defoe the materials for _Robinson Crusoe_, 128.

SHAKESPEARE, 14-28. Ranks next to Bible, 14. His plays very modern, 15. Robert Mantell in his finest roles, 15, 16. Rhymes in the blank verse give clue to order of the plays, 18. Comedies the work of his early years, 19. The period of great tragedies, 19, 20. His last three plays, _The Tempest_, _Cymbeline_, and _The Winter's Tale_, 20. Enormous creative activity, 20. _Hamlet_ sums up human life, 20, 21, 22. _Romeo and Juliet_, 21. _The Merchant of Venice_, 21. _As You Like It_, 22. _Macbeth_, 22, 23. _Julius Caesar_, 23. _Othello_, 23. _Antony and Cleopatra_, 24. Best means of studying Shakespeare, 25. Some of the best editions of Shakespeare, 26, 27.

SHEHEREZADE, the Queen in _The Arabian Nights_ who saved her life by relating the tales of _The Thousand and One Nights_ to her husband, Sultan Schariar of India, 41.

SIEGFRIED, one of the heroes of _The Nibelungenlied_ who is foully slain by Prince Hagen, 45.

SMOLLETT, TOBIAS, an English novelist who wrote _Humphrey Clinker_ and _Roderick Random_, 60.

SOCRATES, 36.

SOPHOCLES, _OEdipus_, 31.

SOUL OF THE BIBLE, THE, a condensed version of the Old and New Testaments which will be found useful by Bible students, 11.

STORY OF MY HEART, THE, an eloquent book by Richard Jefferies in which the spiritual aspirations of a self-educated young man are vividly described, 32.

STRAYED REVELER, A, one of Matthew Arnold's finest lyrical poems, 32.

STANLEY, HENRY M., his autobiography records the great work done by a poor foundling whose spirit in boyhood was nearly crushed by cruelty, 53.

STELLA, the pet name given by Dean Swift to Esther Johnson, a young woman whom he immortalized by his journal, written for her amusement, 129, 130, 131.

SWIFT, JONATHAN, Dean of St. Patrick's, one of the greatest of English writers and author of _Gulliver's Travels_, 129, 130.

TALE OF A TUB, THE, a vitriolic satire in verse by Swift, 130.

TEMPLE, SIR WILLIAM, an English statesman and author and patron of Swift, 129.

TENNANT, DOROTHY, widow of Stanley, who edited his _Autobiography_, 53.

UTTOXETER, a Staffordshire town where Dr. Johnson did penance for harsh words spoken years before to his father, 123.

VANESSA, the name given by Swift to Esther Vanhomrigh, a brilliant pupil who fell in love with him and was ruined, like "Stella," 129, 130.

VEDDER, ELIHU, the American artist who illustrated the _Ruba'iyat_, 82.

VIRGIL, difficulty in translating his work, 33. Story of the _AEneid_, 35, 36.

WAGNER, RICHARD, his great operas drawn from the principal incidents of _The Nibelungenlied_ and allied Norse epics, 45, 46.

WOODBERRY, GEORGE E., his opinion that Dante is untranslatable, 85.

YAHOO, in _Gulliver's Travels_ a race of slaves with the form of men but with none their of virtues, 131.

HERE ENDS COMFORT FOUND IN GOOD OLD BOOKS, BEING A SERIES OF ESSAYS ON GREAT BOOKS AND THEIR WRITERS, BY GEORGE HAMLIN FITCH. PUBLISHED BY PAUL ELDER AND COMPANY AND PRINTED FOR THEM BY THEIR TOMOYE PRESS IN THE CITY OF SAN FRANCISCO UNDER THE DIRECTION OF JOHN HENRY NASH IN THE MONTH OF JUNE AND THE YEAR NINETEEN HUNDRED & ELEVEN

* * * * * TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES:

Minor punctuation corrections have been made without comment.

Corrected spelling on p. 46, "Sigura" to "Sigurd" (Sigurd the Volsung, by William Morris).

Added page number (82) to "Index" listing for "VEDDER, ELIHU" on p. 171.

Word Variations:

"Alexander" (1) and "Alexandre" (1) (---- Dumas) "every-day" (2) and "everyday" (3) "Scheherezade" (3) and "Sheherezade" (1)

Words using the [OE] and [oe] ligatures, which have been changed to "OE" and "oe" in this e-text are: OEdipus and Coelebs