Chronicles of Pharmacy, Vol. 2 (of 2)
Part 23
Gregory’s Powder, origin of, ii, 137; prescription for, ii, 138
Grew, Nehemiah, on Epsom salts, 342; portrait, 343
Griffith’s mixture, 403
Grocers’ Guild, 139, 147
Grubourt, French pharmacist, 282
Guaiacum, syphilis cure, 414; history, ii, 111; medical uses, ii, 112; preparation, ii, 113
Gutteta, ii, 290
Gwynne’s “Aurum non aurum,” 391
H
Haarlem oil, origin, ii, 176
Hair oil, papyrus formula, 42
Hall, Dr., Shakespeare’s son-in-law, ii, 76
Haloid salts, 326
Ham, originator of medicine, 6
Hamech, a purgative, 203
Hammon, 6
Hammoniacus salt, 334
Hanckwitz advertisement, 141; makes phosphorus, 365
Hartman’s “Book of Chymicall Secrets,” 196
Headache Essence, Ward’s, ii, 214
Headache, early remedies, 41, 42, 44, 129
Heartburn tablets, 388
Hebenon, Shakespearian reference, ii, 83
Heberden, Dr. W., portrait, 291
Helbanah, 56
Helias’s letter to Alfred the Great, 114, 131
“Hell-stone,” 424
Hellebore as medicine, 12; used by Paracelsus, 246
Helvetius’s pills, 32; ipecacuanha secret, 319
Helvetius employs alum, 331; French physician, ii, 114
Hemlock, Biblical reference, 64
Henbane, etymology, ii, 276; toothache remedy, 168, 185. _See also_ Hyoscyamus.
Henry VIII, medical knowledge, 294; plaster for ulcers, 295; Halford on, 295
Henry’s patent, 345
Heracleus honey as poison, ii, 226
Heraclides, 89
Herbalists earliest doctors, 1
Herbs, symbolical names, 35; used by Saxons, 124
Hermes, Greek god, 4; works of, 5, 162; Egyptian, 157; ii, 305
Hermodactyls, gout remedy, 217; ii, 183
Hezekiah’s boil, treatment, 46, 73
Hezob, 64
Hhawi, Rhazes’s book, 106
Hiera Diacolocynthidis, ii, 141
Hiera Picra, origin, ii, 138; antiquity, ii, 139; first formula, ii, 139; other recipes, ii, 140, 141
Hin, ancient measure, 59
Hippocrates, drugs mentioned by, 77; biography, 84; portrait, 85; as pharmacist, 91; doctrines, 100, 101, 178; theory of cures, 183; theories attacked, 217
Hippocrates’s sleeve, ii, 294
Hoffmann’s anodyne, 348; ii, 67
Hofmann, A. W. von, researches, ii, 263; portrait, ii, 264
“Holland oil,” ii, 255
Homberg’s weather figures, 364; narcotic salt, 374
Homologues, discovery, ii, 259
Honey, medical uses, 245; ii, 30; preparations, ii, 31
Hooper’s Female Pills, ii, 163
Horehound, early use, 210
Horse leech, Biblical mention, 70
Horus, discoverer of medicine, 3
Houel, founder of Paris School of Pharmacy, 285
Hoy’s salt, 345
Humours, doctrine of, 178
Hungary Powder, ii, 35
Hungary, Queen of, invents rosemary water, 296; origin of formula, 298
Huxham, J., biography, ii, 100; portrait, ii, 101; “Essay on Fevers,” ii, 101
Huxham’s tincture, ii, 67; ii, 100, 102
Hyacinth confection, ii, 34
Hydrargyrum, derivation, 408
Hydrochloric acid. _See_ Spirit of salt
Hydrocyanic acid. _See_ Prussic acid
Hydrophobia, poem on, 224
Hygeia, daughter of Æsculapius, 11
Hyoscyamus, etymology, ii, 276. _See also_ Henbane
Hypnotic Powder of Jacobi, 350
Hypophosphites, medical use, 367
Hyssop, Biblical reference, 64; Dioscorides on, 209
I
Icy Noctiluca, 365
Incense, 38, 50; etymology, 55; Biblical formula, 55, 57; Catholic formula, 58
Infant’s skin as a charm, 173
Infusions, introduction of, ii, 290
Infusum Gentianæ Co., origin, ii, 291
Insane root, 21; Shakespearian reference, ii, 72
Iodine discovery, 351
Iodoform, first prepared, 353
Ipecacuanha, history, ii, 114; medical use, ii, 114; dose, ii, 115
Iron citrate, introduction, 405 iodide, 405 perchloride as secret remedy, 322 phosphate, 405 reduced by hydrogen, 404
Iron, as remedy, 12, 187, 217, 397; varieties, 398; in the blood, 398; Sydenham and Willis on, 399; pharmaceutical preparations, 402, 403, 404, 405; symbol, ii, 307; ii, 310 sulphate, medical use, 108 syrups, various, 405 tincture, 404
Isis founder of medicine, 2, 34; invocation to, 38 tears, name for Vervain, 35
Isotheos, ancient nostrum, 215
Israelite medicine, 46
Itch, treatment, 130, 201 history, 202 theories, 203 cause, 204 van Helmont contracts, 258, 420
Ivy, called Osiris, 35
J
Jacobi’s powder, 350
Jamblicus, writings of, 5
James Dr., portrait, ii, 187
James’s analeptic pills, ii, 165; ii, 189
James’s powder, first official, ii, 67; patent, ii, 164; origin, ii, 187; ii, 191; patent, ii, 188; imitations, ii, 190
Jaso, daughter of Æsculapius, 11
Jesuits’ bark, ii, 97. _See also_ Cinchona drops, ii, 135
Jews, belief in charms, 160; medicines of, 48; object to bitter flavours, 48, 64
John of Gaddesden, 134; small-pox cure, 169, 186
John xxi, medical author, 294
Johnson, Dr., touched for scrofula, 301
Johnson’s Golden Ointment, ii, 199
Jonah’s gourd, 66
Julep, etymology, 103; ii, 291
Juniper, Biblical reference, 65
Jussieu, French botanist, 284
K
Kadolikoi, 95
Kakhal, 327
Katapotia, 86; ii, 283, ii, 291
Kekulé’s structural formulas, ii, 261; portrait, ii, 262
Kermes, etymology, ii, 50; what it is, ii, 50; uses, ii, 51 Mineral, invention, 381; medicinal uses, 381
Kesebt, identity of, 42
Ketorah, meaning of, 55
Kik, Gerard’s reference, 67
Kiki, ii, 90
King’s Evil, cured by touch, 298; Shakespearian reference, ii, 72. _See also_ Scrofula
Kohol, 378
Kopopoloi, 95
Koran as Arab literature, 98
Kousso, introduction, ii, 115; tapeworm, remedy, ii, 115
Krabadin, earliest pharmacopœia, 103
Kunckel’s, portrait, 362; Bologna stone, 363; luminous pills, 365
Kurella, Dr., note on, ii, 148
Kyanol, ii, 263
Kyphi, sacred perfume, 45
L
La Mère Thecle’s ointment, 407
La Mothe’s Golden Drops, 321, 404
La Voisin, poisoner, ii, 236
Lac Virginis, ii, 136; ii, 292
Ladanum, Biblical reference, 64
Lana philosophica, 427
Lancaster Black Drop, ii, 145
Lang, Andrew on mythology, 33
Lapis Bezoar Occidentale, ii, 15; Infernalis, 424; ii, 292; Medicamentosus, ii, 292; Mirabilis, ii, 292
Laser. _See_ Silphion
Laudanum, Paracelsus’s, 243; Shakespearian reference, ii, 75; invention, ii, 142; recipes, ii, 142; etymology, ii, 143; various kinds, ii, 144
Laugier, French chemist, 282
Laune, Gideon de, 144; biography, 146; pills, 147
Lavoisier, French chemist, 281
Lavoisier defines salts, 326
Le Febre’s “great cordial,” 312; Baume de Vie, ii, 176
Lead, medical use, 406; preparations, 406; Goulard uses, 407; symbol, ii, 307, ii, 310
Lead plaster. _See_ Diachylon
Lead solution, discovery, 265
Lebonah, meaning of, 55
Ledger, C., obtains cinchona seeds, ii, 105; annuity, ii, 107; portrait, ii, 107
Leechdoms, Saxon, 124
Leeches, Biblical mention, 70; first use of, ii, 139
Lemery, French pharmacist, 280; works, 281; Crocus Martis, 350; tincture of gold, 395
Lemnian earth, ii, 53; source, ii, 53; uses, ii, 54
Lenitive electuary, origin, ii, 146
Lepidus marinus, poison, ii, 226, ii, 227
Leucomaines, discovery, ii, 242
Levingstern, Epsom apothecary, 341
Libanos, meaning, 55
Liebig, portrait, 283; mistake of, 339
Lign aloes, Biblical reference, 63
Lilium, Paracelsus’s, 244
Limbeck, 328; etymology, ii, 279
Lime water, efficacy, 356
Linamentum, ii, 290
Linimentum camphoræ compositæ, origin, ii, 210, ii, 214
Lion, medical, use, ii, 12
Liquor Bismuthi, introduction, 387 Cranii Humani, ii, 5
Lisbon Diet Drink, ii, 155
Lisle’s Powder for Fevers, ii, 191
Litharge, 406
Lithargyrum Argenti, 406 Auri, 406
Lithium discovery, 353; uses, 353
Liver complaint, ancient diagnosis, 39; old remedy, 288
Lixivium, 324 Saponarium, 325 Tartari, 372
Lizards’ blood, 39
Locatelli’s balsam, 32; ii, 159
Locusta, poisoner, ii, 224
Lohn’s writing board, 163
London Pharmacopœia, the first, 103, 133; compiler, 146, 218, 256; criticised, 290, 418; formulæ, ii, 38, ii, 39, ii, 40, ii, 41; how prepared, ii, 60; contents, ii, 61; title-page, ii, 63; translation, ii, 67; formulæ, ii, 146
Long, Dr., ether anæsthetist, ii, 249
Long, St. John, biography, ii, 192; portrait, ii, 193; income, ii, 194; death, ii, 195
Long’s Liniment, ii, 192, ii, 196
Looch, origin of word, ii, 292
Lozenges, ii, 299
Luban, meaning of, 56
Luce, Lille, pharmacist, 339
Lully, Raymond, biography, 221; portrait, 222; on aqua vitæ, 329
Luminous pills, 365
Lunar caustic, ii, 311
Luna fixata, 428
Lupus Metallorum, 379
Lydgate, note on, ii, 286
M
Maceration, ii, 292
Machaon, son of Æsculapius, 11
Macquer, French chemist, 277; arsenical salt, 277
Madder, used by Saxons, 126
Magdaleo, meaning of, ii, 292
Magic and medicine, 2, 157
Magistery of Bismuth, ii, 293 of Human skull, ii, 6 meaning of, ii, 293 of Saturn, 407
Magma, ii, 293
Magnes Arsenicalis, ii, 293
Magnesia, medical use, 354; preparation, 354; etymology, 354; confused with manganese, 355; in mineral springs, 355; Black, on, 356 of Gold, 355
Magnesian stone, 354
Magnesium, preparation, 357
Magnets as cures, 199
Magnus, Albertus, describes caustic potash, 325
Magog identified with Prometheus, 12
Maimonides, Jewish scholar, 111; remedies for poison, ii, 34
Malagmata, 91; ii, 294
Malascation, meaning of, ii, 294
Male fern, tapeworm remedy, 320, 321
Mallows, Biblical plant, 65
Man, parts of, used in medicine, ii, 4
Mandrake, legends, 19; as sterility remedy, 20, 48; ancient uses of, 21
Mandragora, legends of, 19; Shakespearian reference, ii, 75; on battle-field, ii, 225
Manhu, derivation of manna, 60
Manica Hypocratis, ii, 294
Manipulus, ii, 294
Manna, Biblical, 60; sources, 61; Avicenna, uses, 109
Manna metallorum, 419
Manus Christi, meaning of, ii, 294
Manus Dei, meaning of, ii, 294
Marcquis’s “Aloe Morbifuga,” ii, 89
Markham, Sir C., introduces cinchona into India, ii, 102; on derivation of cinchona, ii, 103; “Peruvian Bark,” ii, 105
Marmalades, origin of, ii, 294
Marsh’s arsenic test, ii, 241
Martial Regulus of Antimony, 379
Masticatories, meaning of, ii, 294
Matrass, ii, 294
Matthews’s Pills, origin of, ii, 154
Mauve, discovery, ii, 263
May dew for the complexion, 173
Mayerne, Sir Theodore de, 144; portrait, 145; biography, 146, 255; impeached, 384; introduces calomel, 418; anti-epileptic powder, ii, 6; writes preface to P. L., ii, 61; burlesqued, ii, 71
Maythe, use in medicine, 125
Measures, signs for, ii, 300
Meat, putrid, in medicine, 39
Meconic acid, discovery, ii, 245
Medea, medical discoveries, 17; inventor of poisons, ii, 221
Medea oil, 359
Medical aphorisms in Talmud, 50 treatises in verse, 137
Medicamentarii, 92
Medicamentum ad annum, 310; ii, 177
Medicina, 95
Medicine, origin of, 2; associated with magic, 2; traditional founder, 2; god of, 6; as a science, 88; separation from pharmacy, 91; and magic, 157
Medicines, charges for, 149, 150 from metals, 376
Megillat-Sammanin, treatise on pharmacology, 49
Megrims diagnosis, 128; early remedy, 129
Mel Egyptiacum, ii, 52 Helleboratum, Culpepper, on, 251
Melampus, medicinal discoveries, 12, 13; uses iron as remedy, 397
Mellites, ii, 294
Menecrates, 91; originator of diachylon, ii, 127; ii, 129
Mensis Philosophicus, ii, 294
Menstruum, meaning of, ii, 294
Mentha, legend of, 26
Mercury, ancient god, 4; medical use, 243; origin of name, 408; used by Arabs, 409; medical uses, 409; as syphilis cure, 409, 410; “killing,” 421; symbol for, ii, 305, ii, 306, ii, 310. _See also_ Corrosive Sublimate, Red Precipitate, Calomel, _and_ Quicksilver
Mercurial ointment, 132, 410, 421 pills, early formulæ, 411, 412, 421
Mesué, the elder, 101, 105, 217, 218
Mesué, the younger, 110, 217, 218
Mesué’s unguentum tripharmacum, 406
Mesmer, note on, 201; animal magnetism, ii, 167
Messiah, meaning of, 60
Metalepsy, ii, 259
Metallic Tractors, 201; ii, 166
Metals in Ebers’s papyrus, 40; as remedies, 186; symbols, ii, 304
Metasyncretics, ii, 282
Methel nut, ii, 119
Midas, punishment of, 7
Midwifery, anæsthetics in, ii, 251
Migmatopoloi, 95
Mindererus’s spirit, invention, 338; first official, ii, 67
Mindererus, old physician, 338; biography, ii, 88; “Aloedarium,” ii, 88
Mineral bezoar, 380
“Mineral Solution,” ii, 135
Mint, origin of, 26
Mirfield’s “Breviarium Bartholomei,” 135
Mistura Ferri Composita, 403
Mithridates the Great, biography, 289; medical discoveries, 289; death, 290
Mithridatum, 91; inventor, 289; absurdities, 290; Galen on, 292; number of ingredients, 293; formulæ, ii, 20, 38, 39
Mohammed, influence of, 97; death, 104
Monoceros, mythical animal, 28
Monopolies abolished, ii, 161
Moore’s “History of the Study of Medicine,” 135
Morbus Gallicus, 413. _See also_ Syphilis
Morella furiosum lethale, 25
Morgan, Hugo, Queen Elizabeth’s apothecary, 298; makes theriaca, ii, 44
Morpheus, how represented, 17
Morphine, discovery, ii, 244
Morphium, etymology, 18
Morton, W. T. G., uses ether in dentistry, ii, 250
Mosaic gold, 396, 424
Moses identified with Hermes, 4
Moss from skull, as remedy, 191
Mother’s ointment, 407
Moult, London chemist, 345
Moxa, meaning of, ii, 295
Mullein, used by Saxons, 126
Mummies, medical use, ii, 23; opinions on, ii, 24
Murray’s aërated cod-liver oil, ii, 167
Mustard for scorpion bites, 18 seeds, Biblical reference, 71
Mynsicht’s publications, 375; elixir of vitriol, 375; invents emetic tartar, 382; powder of Saturn, 407
Myrepsus, Nicolas, 219; ointment, 427
Myrepsus, 95; ii, 296
Myrophecia, 95
Myropolia, 95
Myrrh, origin, 23; Biblical references, 63
Myrrha, legend of, 22
Mythology, science of, 33
N
Naphtha, legend, 359
Narceine, discovery, ii, 248
Narcotine, discovery, ii, 244
Nardos pitike, meaning, 73
Nardostachys, 74
Narwhal horn, 28
Nasalia, ii, 290
Nataph, meaning of, 56
Necklaces, medical uses, 214
Nectarion, identity of, 24
“Negro Cæsar’s Cure for Poison,” ii, 237
Nepenthe, etymology, 23; identity, 24
Nettleton, Dr. T., originates citrine ointment, ii, 126
Newbery, maker of James’s Powder, ii, 188
Newton, Sir Isaac, connection with pharmacy, 279
Nicandor’s treatise on poisons, ii, 226
Nicotine, discovery, ii, 245; synthetic, ii, 266
Nihil album, 427
Nitre, Biblical reference, 70; medical use, 108; manufacture in France, 352, 353, 359; early references, 358; symbol, ii, 309
Nitric acid, first use in medicine, 105
Nitrous oxide gas, discovery, ii, 249
Nitrum fixum, 371
Noctiluca, ii, 296
Nostrums, ancient, 215
Nouffer’s Tapeworm Cure, secret purchased, 319; origin, 320
Nuremberg ordinance, 120; old pharmacy, 120
Nychthemeron, ii, 296
O
Obolos, ii, 296
Oenelaion, ii, 296
Oenogala, ii, 296
Oenomeli, ii, 296
Oesypus, ii, 296
Oil of Ants, ii, 14 Bricks, how prepared, ii, 55; medical uses, ii, 55 Eggs, prepared by Paracelsus, 247 Harts’ horns, ii, 25 Peter, 360 Puppies, ii, 11 Tartar, preparing, 132; uses of, 247, 372; ii, 286 Vitriol, 373 Wax, ii, 31 Wine, discovery, 263
Ointments, ii, 296. _See also_ Unguentum
Old age, Ecclesiastes symbolism, 76
Oleum Benedictum, ii, 55 Divinum, ii, 55 Dulce Paracelsi, 348 Philosophorum, ii, 55 Sanctum, ii, 55 Vitrioli Dulce, 347; ii, 271. _See also_ Oil of Wine
Olibanum, source, 56
Olive oil, uses, 58
Onguent de la Mère, 407
Onions as remedy, 49, 50
Onycha in Bible, 57
Opiates, ii, 296
Opium used by Paracelsus, 243; history, ii, 116; medical uses, ii, 117; active principle, ii, 243
Opobalsamum, 53
Opodeldoc, origin, ii, 148; derivation, ii, 148; originally a plaster, ii, 149
Oribasius, medical author, 214
Origanum Dictamnus, 26
Orthrine, ii, 258
Osiris, illustration, 3; name for ivy, 35
Ounce sign, origin, ii, 300
Oxalic acid, synthetic, ii, 257
Oxycroceum, ii, 297
Oxygen, discovery, 269; why so called, 324
Oxymels, ii, 31
P
Pachius’s Hiera, ii, 140
Palma Christi, 68; ii, 89, ii, 92
Palsy Drops, ii, 146
Panacea, daughter of Æsculapius, 11 Holsatica, 371 Mercurialis, 419
Panchrest, ii, 297
Panchymagogon, 419; ii, 297
Pandects of Physic, 104
Pantopoloi, 95
Papyri, medical and pharmaceutical, 36
Papyrus Ebers, 36; described, 37; photograph, 40; prescriptions in, 41, 42; date, 48
Paracelsus, theory of elements, 174; “sympathetic ointment,” 188, 190; biography, 230; education, 232; boastfulness, 233; epitaph, 236; character, 237; Browning’s poem on, 239; Butler on, 240; mysticism, 240; chemical observations, 241; drugs used by, 243; portraits, 247, 248, 249, 250; “Archidoxa Medicinæ,” 390; “Catholicon,” 414; “Zebethum Occidentale,” ii, 9
Paré’s experiment, ii, 229
Paregoric Elixir, origin, ii, 151; formula for, ii, 151; etymology, ii, 151
Paris, apothecary edicts, 122
Paris School of Pharmacy, 270, 285
Parmentier, biography, 272
Pastilli, ii, 299
Patent Medicines, origin of, ii, 161
Patents, why granted, ii, 161
Pearls, use of, in medicine, ii, 33
Pectoral Powder, ii, 148
Pedilavium, ii, 297
Pelican, ii, 297
Pelletier, discovers quinine, 274; ii, 247; portrait, 275; discovers other alkaloids, ii, 248
Pelouze, French pharmacist, 283
Peon, identified with Apollo, 7
Peony, use by Saxons, 126; promotes dentition, ii, 171
Pepperers’ Guild, 139
Perfume, sacred, 45
Perfumer, Biblical reference, 50
Percapt, ii, 297
Periodeutes, 93, 94
Perkins’s Metallic Tractors, 201; ii, 166
Perkin, W. H. discovers mauve, ii, 263
Peroxide of hydrogen, inventor, 282
Peruvian bark. _See_ Cinchona
Pessary, ii, 297
Peter of Spain, medical author, 294
Petra Philosophale, ii, 174
Petroleum, medical uses, 131; early use, 359; synonyms, 360; medical use, 360; Barbadense, 360
Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain, foundation, 156
Pharmacies, State controlled, 103, 104
Pharmacist, the first, 12
Pharmacists, royal and noble, 287. _See also_ Apothecaries _and_ Chemists
Pharmacopeus, 93
Pharmacopœia, the earliest, 103; history of, ii, 59
Pharmacopolis, 92
Pharmacopoloi, 93
Pharmacotribæ, 95
Pharmacy Acts, various, 156
Pharmacy, myths, 1; origin, 1; patron saints, 19; in Pharaoh’s time, 34; in the Bible, 46; old use of word, 52; identity with sorcery, 52; Hippocrates on, 86; separation from medicine, 91; Arabian, 97; in East, 100; in Northern Europe, 115; edict to regulate, 117; Beckmann on, 118; concessions, origin, 119; in Saxon England, 124; animal substances in, ii, 1; Shakespearian reference, ii, 70; progress in 19th century, ii, 243
Pharmaka, use by Homer, 52
Pharmakeia, 52, 92
Pharmakeuein, 93
Pharmakoi, use of, 52
Pharmakon, 93
Phenacetin, discovery, ii, 273
Phillips, P. L., critic, ii, 68
Philon, 91
Philonium, inventor, 91; formulæ, ii, 39, ii, 40, ii, 41
Philosopher’s stone, 106, 363
Philosophic egg, 379
Phlogiston theory, 176
Phœnix, as alchemists sign, 26; legends of, 27; Biblical references, 27; longevity, 27
Phosphor paste, 368
Phosphorus, Hanckwitz’s advertisement, 142; etymology, 360; discovery, 363; made in London, 365; medical use, 365; prepared from bones, 365; dose, 367; solubility, 368; symbol, ii, 309
Phthisis, Rhazes’s treatment, 106
Phylacteries, protect from evil, 161
Physicians, as priests, 35; Biblical references, 46; Pope on, 148; fees, 151; Valentine on, 227
Pigmentarii, 94
Pike’s itch ointment, ii, 165
Pil cocciæ, origin, ii, 292
Pil cochiæ, origin, ii, 152, ii, 292
Pil Rufi, origin, ii, 140
Pills, gilding introduced, 109; origin, ii, 292, ii, 297; silvering introduced, 109, 423
Pilula saponis composita, origin, ii, 153
Pilulæ Communes, ii, 140 Ethiopicæ, ii, 153 Lunares, 423 Pacificæ, ii, 154 Perpetuæ, 381 Pestilentiales, ii, 140
Piperine, synthetic, ii, 266
Pissaeleum, 328
Pitt’s “Crafts and Frauds of Physic Exposed,” 149
Plague remedy, 224
Planets, as aids to prescribing, 187
Plantain, Shakespearian reference, ii, 74
Plasters, Aetius on, 215
Pleurisy, old remedy, 81
Pliny, death, 90
Plough, inventor, 288
Plummer, Dr. A., note on, ii, 153 Æthiops Medicinalis, 382 pills, 351; origin, ii, 153 powder, 382
Pocula Emetica, 385
Podalirus, son of Æsculapius, 11
Poisoners, famous, ii, 230
Poison, antidotes, ii, 34, ii, 49, ii, 221, ii, 237, ii, 289 origin of word, ii, 297 register introduced, 123
Poisoning, delayed, ii, 223 detecting. _See_ Toxicology punishment, ii, 230
Poisons, in Bible, ii, 222; history of, ii, 220; used in Rome, ii, 223; in ancient times, ii, 225; in Middle Ages, ii, 227
Polychrest, 369, 371; ii, 198, ii, 297
Polyidus, magician, 13
Pomatum, ii, 298
Pomegranates, Biblical reference, 72
Pompholyx, 209, 407, 427
Poppy, in Saxon times, 126; as remedy, 184; Shakespearian reference, ii, 75
Poppies, syrup, origin, ii, 116
Populeum, ii, 298
Porta, medical author, 183
Portland powder, 215, 309; ii, 125
Posca, 71
Potassium nitrate. _See_ Nitre sulphate, synonyms, 371
Potato, popularising, 273
Potio Laxativa Viennensis, ii, 121
Potion Noire Anglaise, ii, 122
Poudre des Chartres, secret purchased, 319, 381
Poultice, papyrus formula, 40; etymology, ii, 298
Powder de Gutteta, ii, 6 of Projection, 379 Saturn, 407
Precious stones, medical use, ii, 32
Precipitatus per se, 416
Prepositus’s Antidotary, 116
Prescribing by chemists, limitation, 155
Prescriptions on papyri, 36, 41; from “Don Juan,” ii, 59; origin, ii, 304
Priestley discovers oxygen, 270
Primum Ens Sanguinis, ii, 7
Proine, ii, 258
Prometheus, the first pharmacist, 12
Propomata, ii, 298
Prosdita, ii, 299
Prussian blue, discovery, ii, 27, ii, 28
Prussic acid, discovery, 270
Psilothrum, ii, 298
Ptisans, ii, 299
Ptomaines, discovery, ii, 242
Pulvis Cornacchini, 309 Principis Mirandolæ, 310 Scammoniæ co., origin, 308
Pyroligneous acid, made by Glauber, 263
Pyroxylin, discovery, 340
Pythagoras antidote, 18
Q
Quack doctor’s harangue, ii, 204
Quackery in ninth century, 107
Quakers’ Black Drop, ii, 145
Quassia, introduction, ii, 117; etymology, ii, 118
Quevenne’s iron, 404
Quicksilver, first mention, 408; bottles for, 408; girdles, 420. _See also_ Mercury
Quinodine, discovery, ii, 247
Quinine, discovery, 274; ii, 246; synthetic, ii, 264, ii, 265
Quinsy, Hippocrates’s treatment, 86
Quintessences, prepared by Paracelsus, 246; ii, 243
R
Ra’s ointment, 43
Rakach, meaning of, 52
Raleigh’s Great Cordial, 310, 312
Raleigh, Sir Walter, portrait, 311; medical knowledge, 311; confection, 312
“Rational” formulæ, ii, 261
Read, Queen Anne’s oculist, ii, 14
“Receptarium Antidotarii,” 218
Recipe sign, origin, ii, 302