Chapter 36

1. #Noël Hervé, "Les Noëls français"# (Niort, 1905), Gastoué, 57 f.; #G. Gregory Smith, "The Transition Period"# (Edinburgh and London, 1900), 217.

2. Gregory Smith, 217.

3. #H. Lemeignen, "Vieux Noëls composés en l'honneur de la Naissance de Notre-Seigneur Jésus-Christ"# (Nantes, 1876), iii. 2 f.

4. _Ibid._ i. 10, 11.

5. _Ibid._ ii. 93, 95.

6. Hervé, 46.

7. Lemeignen, i. 55. |366|

8. Lemeignen, i. 29.

9. #"Les Vieux Noëls,"# in #"Nouvelle Bibliothèque Populaire"# (published by Henri Gautier, 55 Quai des Grands Augustins, Paris).

10. Lemeignen, i. 93.

11. #H. J. L. J. Massé, "A Book Of Old Carols"# (London, 1910), i. 21.

12. Hervé, 86.

13. Lemeignen, i. 71.

14. "Hymns Ancient and Modern" (Historical Edition), 79. Translation is No. 58 in Ordinary Edition.

15. Hervé, 132.

16. A great number of these _villancicos_ and _romances_ may be found in #Justo de Sancha, "Romancero y Cancionero Sagrados"# (Madrid, 1855, vol. 35 of Rivadeneyra's Library of Spanish Authors), and there are some good examples in #J. N. Böhl de Faber, "Rimas Antiguas Castellanas"# (Hamburg, 1823).

17. Böhl de Faber, ii. 36.

18. #F. Caballero, "Elia y La Noche de Navidad"# (Leipsic, 1864), 210.

19. #A. de Gubernatis, "Storia Comparata degli Usi Natalizi"# (Milan, 1878), 90.

20. These three verses are taken from #Countess Martinengo-Cesaresco's# charming translation of the poem, in her #"Essays in the Study of Folk-Songs"# (London, 1886), 304 f.

21. Martinengo, "Folk-Songs," 302 f.

22. Latin text in Tille, "D. W.," 311; Italian game in De Gubernatis, 93.

23. Hervé, 115 f.

24. #W. Hone, "The Ancient Mysteries Described"# (London, 1823), 103.

25. _Ibid._ 103.

26. See Note 11.

27. #D. Hyde, "Religious Songs of Connacht"# (London, 1906), ii. 225 f.

28. #"The Vineyard"# (London), Dec., 1910, 144.

29. "Deutsches Weihnachtsbuch," 120 f.

30. "A Compendious Book of Godly and Spiritual Songs," 49 f. (spelling here modernized); Rickert, 82 f.

31. "Deutsches Weihnachtsbuch," 123, and most German Protestant hymnbooks.

32. Translation by Miles Coverdale, in Rickert, 192 f.

33. No. 5 in #Paulus Gerhardt, "Geistliche Lieder,"# ed. by P. Wackernagel and W. Tümpel (9th Edition, Gütersloh, 1907).

34. Translation by #C. Winkworth# in #"Lyra Germanica"# (New Edition, London, 1869), ii. 13 f.

35. "Deutsches Weihnachtsbuch," 128 f.

36. Translation (last verse altered) in #"The British Herald"# (London), Sept., 1866, 329.

37. #"Christmas Carols New and Old,"# the words edited by #H. R. Bramley#, the music edited by #Sir John Stainer# (London, n.d.).

38. Beeching, 27 f.

39. _Ibid._ 67.

40. _Ibid._ 49.

41. _Ibid._ 76.

42. _Ibid._ 48.

43. _Ibid._ 45.

44. _Ibid._ 42 f. |367|

45. Beeching, 85 f.

46. #Selwyn Image, "Poems and Carols"# (London, 1894), 25.

47. #G. K. Chesterton# in #"The Commonwealth"# (London), Dec., 1902, 353.