CHAPTER X

ROYAL AND NATIONAL COLLECTIONS

The late Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha as a collector--King George's stamps: Great Britain, Mauritius, British Guiana, Barbados, Nevis--The "King of Spain Reprints"--The late Grand Duke Alexis Michaelovitch--Prince Doria Pamphilj--The "Tapling" Collection--The Berlin Postal Museum--The late Duke of Leinster's bequest to Ireland--Mr. Worthington's promised gift to the United States.

Royalties have been included amongst collectors almost from the beginning of Philately. The late Mr. Westoby, in describing[21] a number of rarities in private albums in Paris in 1869, includes a mysterious rarity of Mexico as being one of which three specimens only are known to exist, "one of them [_i.e._, one of the remaining two] in the possession of the Princess Clotilde, wife of the Prince Napoleon, and the other in that of the King of Portugal."

King George V. probably owes some of his early enthusiasm for stamps to his uncle, the late Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. As Duke of Edinburgh, the latter had long been a collector before the fact was made publicly known by his cordial support of the London Philatelic Exhibition of 1890, which he formally opened. At the lunch which followed the ceremony he said:--

"To-day Prince George of Wales starts--nay, probably has started--from Chatham in the _Thrush_, to the command of which he has been appointed. I am sure you will join me in wishing him a prosperous and pleasant cruise. He also is a stamp collector, and I hope that he will return with a goodly number of additions from North America and the West Indies. I am a collector, too, and I have been only too glad to contribute specimens to this fine exhibition."

The newspaper reports of that Exhibition state that "The Duke of Edinburgh, before leaving, intimated his intention of again visiting this marvellous proof of civilization and progress." In the same year, H.R.H. became Hon. President of the London Philatelic Society.

The late Duke's collection was, I believe, on general lines, a large range of countries and colonies being included in his exhibits at the Portman Rooms in 1890. These included a fine lot of Uruguay, and displays of Cyprus, Gibraltar, Heligoland, Ionian Islands, and Malta; Norway, Denmark, Iceland and Sweden; Greece, Servia, Bulgaria and Montenegro; Cuba, Porto Rico and Fernando Po. At the 1897 Exhibition, at the galleries of the Institute of Painters in Water Colours, the Duke showed only a few specimens in the class for rare stamps, his exhibit including the 2 kreuzer, orange, of Austria unused; the 54 paras of Moldavia; the Half Tornese Naples, cross, unused; several of the rare 2 reales stamps of Spain and the 3 cuartos "bear" stamp of Madrid; the Swedish 24 skill, bco., unused; the so-called "Neuchâtel" stamp of Switzerland, unused; the 18 kreuzer Wurtemburg, with silk thread, unused; Buenos Ayres 4 pesos, red; United States, 1856, 5c. red-brown and 90c. blue, perforated; and some other rarities. Of British and colonials he displayed two of the 1d. black V.R. stamps; a 12d. black of Canada; Hong Kong 96 cents, yellow-brown; a small show of rare Nevis, including the 6d. lithographed and the surface-printed 6d. green; St. Vincent 5s., watermarked star, unused; an unused 1d. Sydney View, Plate I., and an unused 6d. "laureated head."

It will be seen from the wide field covered by his exhibits that the philatelic inclinations of the late Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha were broadly catholic. His royal nephew, King George, has limited his collecting--though not his interest--to stamps of the British Empire. His Majesty's interest in stamp-collecting has been made popularly known by the newspapers, but it is not always realised, I think, that the interest is an appreciative personal one. Of this philatelists have had many gracious proofs. The King is understood to have been consistently collecting since his midshipman-days on the _Bacchante_, and his collections to some extent coincide with his travels, several of his finest albums being those which contain the stamps of West Indian colonies.

There is little collected information on the subject of His Majesty's collections, so I will endeavour to outline a few of the salient points in those sections which have been most nearly completed.

_Great Britain._--The collection contains the original sketch of W. Mulready, R.A., for the famous envelopes and letter sheets of 1840 to which reference has been made.[22]

A note accompanies it to the effect that, "From statements made by Mr. Mulready to his friends, it would appear that the original idea for the design was given to him by Queen Victoria and was carried out by the artist in accordance with Her Majesty's suggestions."

On this point of the origin of the design, Sir Rowland Hill's journal contains an entry which scarcely bears out the legend that the Queen devised the idea together with the Prince Consort. The entry, under April 3, 1840, is: "Mr. B[aring] has sent a proof impression of the cover stamp to the Queen, with a memorandum from Mulready and Thompson [the engraver] explanatory of the design."

Then there is the historic pair of sketches in water-colours, roughly executed by Sir Rowland Hill to show the approximate appearance of the penny stamp in black and the twopence stamp in blue. This was sent by Hill to the Chancellor of the Exchequer.

In the line-engraved series, His Majesty has shown two copies of the 1d. V.R., and a fine series of imperforates of the 1d. red, Die I. and Die II., in a large range of shades; 1d. red with letters in all four corners (plates 132 and 225); 1d. red, in a pair, on Dickinson paper; ½d. rose-red (plate 9), 2d. blue with four letters (including plate 7), 1½d., plate 1 in bluish lake and plate 3 in brick-red.

All the Victorian surface-printed series are shown imperforate, including the 3d. with reticulated background; 3d., plate 3 ("dot"); 4d. in lake, watermarked "small garter"; 6d., plate 1 on safety paper and plate 3 with hair-lines; 9d., plate 3 with hair-lines and plate 5; 10d., plate 2; 1s., plate 1 on safety paper, plate 3 with hair-lines, 4 in an unissued colour, lilac; 2s., plate 3; 10s., £1, and £5 on blue paper.

In addition to the scarce items in the Victorian series of official stamps, the King possesses the extremely rare I.R. Official 5s., 10s. and £1, of the Edwardian issues, in mint corner pairs; also the almost unique Sixpence of the same set, in similar condition. Of this last stamp, no other unused copy is known, and only three which have been through the post.

Of the ordinary stamps of King Edward's reign, the Royal collection contains several essays and proofs of great interest. A photograph of a stamp made up from Herr Füchs's original sketch of King Edward's head, enclosed in the newly designed frame and border, deservedly comes first, and bears the late King's written approval: from this, temporary copper-plates were engraved, so that the effect might be noted, and three proofs therefrom are included.

Unfortunately, the final result did not come up to the anticipated standard, and there was some talk about having a fresh design prepared, after the style of the then new Transvaal stamps, but this fell through on the ground of expense; proofs of this also are in the collection, together with various colour-trials of the One Penny value, as adopted.

Of unissued stamps during the late reign, there are only three instances: the £5 value, which did not proceed so far as the completion of the plate; and a small printing of the Twopence Halfpenny, in the adopted design, but in mauve on blue paper, was destroyed, owing to a decision to print in blue on white paper. Both these stamps, the £5 and the Twopence Halfpenny mauve on blue, together with proofs of the lower value in shades and tones of blue, are in the King's collection.

The last of the unissued stamps is the Twopence "Tyrian-plum," which, owing to the lamented death of King Edward, the authorities decided not to issue; his present Majesty possesses an unused pair, and a unique used copy on the original envelope.

Beyond these, the collection contains proofs of the contractors' designs for three of the new stamps, the One Penny in four types of head and bust, in the old frame of the 1881 stamp, and the Twopence and Fivepence in frames similar to those of the 1887 issue; in all these King Edward is shown in military uniform, the best of these being, so far as the portrait is concerned, the Fivepence.

A curiosity, for it was not for issue except after severance, is the sheet of one penny stamps as prepared for the booklets on sale at the post-office--for convenience in making-up and binding these small books, the stamps were specially printed in four panes of sixty each, in vertical rows of ten, each alternate three rows being inverted, and so producing a certain number of _tête-bêche_ pairs. King George's sheet is, outside the printers' establishment and Somerset House, probably unique.

_Mauritius._--In the stamps of this colony the royal collection is particularly strong. There is here the 1d. red Post Office _used_, which came from Mr. Peckitt out of the collection of the Earl of Kintore for £850, and the matchless unused copy of the 2d. blue which was purchased in Messrs. Puttick & Simpson's saleroom on January 14, 1904, for £1,450: it is admittedly the finest known copy of this stamp, and its romantic history has been alluded to in Chapter VII. These two _raræ aves_ are followed by a grand display of the Post Paid series, including three fine 2d. unused, one with the error "PENOE" for "PENCE," and a wonderful mint block of five, containing the error _se tenant_ with four of its neighbours in the sheet. This block is a comparatively recent acquisition, having been acquired from Mr. D. Field for £500 in 1910. There is a considerable number of used copies showing all states of the plates of the 1848 issue, the small head of 1849, and the "fillet" of October, 1859. The 4d. green of April, 1854, is represented unused and used, and there is also an unused copy of the perforated 1s. deep green of 1862. The collection of this colony is practically complete from beginning to date.

_British Guiana_ presents probably the most difficult set of stamps that any collector ever attempted to get together. The King's collection is representative, but is strongest in the issues of 1860-82: they formed the basis of a display before the Royal Philatelic Society on March 17, 1910, and included most of the stamps in a wide range of shades, all the rarities being present, unused, except the 24 cents perforated 12 of 1860 on thin paper, and the provisional series of 1862, and a few of the "officials." The used portion was practically complete, and in the case of the 1882 provisionals there were entire and also reconstructed sheets, showing all the varieties.

The _Barbados_ collection, which was shown by His Majesty at the Imperial Stamp Exhibition held by the Junior Philatelic Society in London in 1908, was exceptionally rich in the scarce "1d." on 5s. provisional, of which there were no fewer than a pair and two single copies, four in all, in the unused condition, and five used pairs and a number of single used copies.

_Hong Kong_ and _Grenada_, _Bermuda_, _Trinidad_ and _Turks' Islands_ have also been arranged and exhibited, as well as a small but choice collection of the stamps of _Nevis_, which contains, among other items, the beautiful card proofs of the first 1d. in green, 4d. in dull purple, 6d. in orange, and 1s. in lake. There are two reconstructed sheets of the 1d. perforated 13, and the 4d. rose, unused; the 6d. grey and 1s. green, used and unused. Of the 1867 set the 1d. is shown unused, the 4d. both used and unused and the 1s. used. Of the lithographs there are four mint sheets of the 1d., a mint sheet of the 4d. and another of the 6d., the 1s. in light and dark green; and there are two entire sheets of the 1d. perforated 11½.

Comparatively little is known of the stamp-collections of other monarchs, but both King Alfonso of Spain and King Manuel are known to have formed collections of the stamps of their respective realms. The Spanish King's expressed desire to add the stamps of Portugal to his collection led to the reprinting of certain of the obsolete stamps of which the dies were on hand at the Lisbon Mint; these are the stamps known as the "King of Spain Reprints," a complete set of which was presented by King Manuel to the Reference Collection of the Royal Philatelic Society.

His Imperial Highness the late Grand Duke Alexis Michaelovitch was a member of the Philatelic Society. His early death lost to Philately a collector with a keen sense of the beauty of condition. Although only nineteen at the time of his death, he had been engaged for some years on a semi-official work on the history of the postal issues of Russia, and his collection was strong in the stamps of his own country and in Russian proofs and essays. His collection covered a very broad field, and he acquired the Peru section of the Koster collection _en bloc_. When the first Castle collection of Australians came on the market, the young Grand Duke acquired a number of its choicest copies, including some plated items. Some of the rarities he showed in London on the occasion of the twenty-fifth anniversary of the Philatelic Society (1894) were brilliant used copies of the 2 reales Spain of 1851 and 1852; the Poste Locale of Switzerland unused; the "1 Pranc", error for "1 Franc", on the 37½-centime bistre, Luxemburg; the Hanover 10 gr. used; Oldenburg ¹/₃ gr. black on green; Nevis 6d. lithographed (in two shades); Trinidad 1858 6d. and 1s. unused; Uruguay, Diligencias 60c. and 80c. unused; entire sheets of Bergedorf essays in green of all values; and a beautiful and much admired group of thirty-two Russian essays.

Prince Doria Pamphilj, of Italy, is another of the devotees of the "royal" hobby of stamp-collecting, and his British Empire collection contained an Archer roulette and many choice items in English and colonial stamps. Of the stamps of other countries he has also had a very comprehensive collection; and at the Manchester Exhibition of 1899 he displayed some rarities of these, including the United States 1861 30 cents with grille, and the 1869 15 cents with frame inverted; the 5 cents Confederate local of Petersburg; Spain, 1851 10 reales unused and 2 reales used, 1865 12c. with inverted frame; France, 1849 1 franc vermilion; the double Geneva, types of the Zurich, the 4c. Vaud and the Poste Locale 2½ rappen with cross unframed in used condition. The Prince has made a speciality of the Italian States. Although His Royal Highness sold his chief collection in 1904 for £2,000, he is, I understand, still to be numbered amongst the active philatelists.

Of National collections, Great Britain possesses the finest, in the bequest of the late Mr. T. K. Tapling, M.P. Mr. Tapling died in 1891, and since then the great collection which he had formed of the postage-stamps and postal stationery of the world has been arranged for exhibition purposes, in specially constructed cases, in the King's Library of the British Museum. It is estimated to contain 100,000 specimens, the total market value of which would probably not be much short of £100,000. Since the complete collection has been available to the public for inspection, there has been no one feature at the Bloomsbury institution which has attracted more visitors; and it is good to know that philatelic students are freely using the magnificent opportunities the collection offers for study. Unfortunately, there is no comprehensive official guide to this important collection, but by the courtesy and assistance of the officials I was able to compile a fairly detailed index[23] to its beauties, which was published, together with a history of the formation of the collection, by Messrs. Lawn & Barlow. To detail the gems is but to recount the Mauritius, the British Guianas, the Hawaiians (these are particularly fine), the Moldavias, Newfoundlands, Reunions, &c., to most of which frequent reference has already been made in these pages. There is here one of the copies of the famous Fourpence blue of Western Australia with the centre inverted. Unfortunately the copy is a damaged one, but the stamp is rarer than the Mauritius "Post Office," and a celebrated and fine copy fetched £400 at auction.

It is a very real misfortune to Philately that the Trustees of the British Museum have taken no steps to continue the collection beyond 1890, or to add items which are lacking prior to that date. It is, I understand, simply a question of money, and the Trustees would not be unwilling to allow the necessary space for the growth of the collection if money were forthcoming for that purpose. It is now twenty years since Mr. Tapling died, and the loss of that period in the collection is almost irretrievable. Yet the collection as it stands is the most comprehensive treasure store of the first half century of stamp-issuing, and students in this country are fortunate indeed in having such a wealth of material at their disposal for comparison and for reference.

The collection which has been formed by the authorities of the Berlin Postal Museum has been attaining a high rank in recent years. The Museum, which is the finest repository of postal records and curios in the world, was founded by Dr. von Stephan, the first Director of the Posts of the German Empire, and the first to propose the use of post-cards. The stamp collection was based at first on the stamps received at the General Post Office in Berlin from the postal administrations of other countries. But the collection is being built up on philatelic lines, and is not to be compared with the fancy frames devised by decorative fiends for the postal museums of other countries. In Berlin the collection shows essays and proofs, those of the old German States being particularly fine, and most of the prominent rarities have been acquired, chiefly by exchange of duplicate stamps. There is the 1d. Post Office Mauritius used, and the 2d. unused; the 2 cents circular British Guiana, the 2 cents, 5 cents, and both types of the 13 cents of the Hawaiian "Missionaries"; _pairs_ of the 27 paras and 108 paras of Moldavia, and a set of the 27, 81, and two of the 108 paras all cut round, and all used together on one envelope; the woodblock errors of the Cape of Good Hope; the 15 cents and 30 cents Reunion; and a wonderful range of the stamps of all the German States.

The late Duke of Leinster left his valuable collection to the Irish National Museum; and there are several instances of bequests and gifts of lesser importance to local museums. In 1910 Mr. George H. Worthington, the owner of the finest collection in the United States, made the announcement that he was going to leave his great collection to the city of Cleveland, Ohio.

It is to be hoped that Mr. Worthington may be spared to continue his collection for many years to come, but on the ultimate fulfilment of the bequest the people of the United States will enjoy the public possession of what is now one of the three largest collections in the world. Mr. Worthington's gems include most of the well-known rarities. He has the Cape woodblock 4d. error in a block with three of the 1d. stamps all in red, and his entire collection of Capes is extremely fine. Like most of the larger collections in America, the Worthington one contains a strong showing of the Hawaiian stamps and of the United States and Confederate States "Postmasters'" stamps. There is, for example, the only known 2 cents Hawaiian "Missionary" on envelope. Mr. Warren H. Colson,[24] of Boston, records that Mr. Worthington prizes highly the only unused copy known of the United States 15 cents of 1869 with the inverted frame, and as a companion treasure he has the 30 cents in like condition, but of this three other unused copies are recorded.

The Confederate Postmasters' Provisionals, I gather from the same authority, include all the rare Baton Rouge; a 10 cent Beaumont, on pink paper; the Emory, Va.; Grove Hill, Alabama; the rare Macons and a particularly fine lot of the Texas locals, including several Goliads, the Helena, and two very rare Victorias.

The 1d. Post Office Mauritius is included in two copies used on the entire envelope; the Sydney Views are a splendid lot, and include a superb unused block of four of the 1d. plate 1 with original gum.

FOOTNOTES:

[21] _The Philatelist_, vol. iii. pp. 85, 86.

[22] _Ante_, p. 167.

[23] "The Tapling Collection of Stamps and Postal Stationery at the British Museum," by Fred J. Melville.

[24] "Postage Stamps and their Collection," by Warren H. Colson, Boston, 1907.

A SHORT BIBLIOGRAPHY OF PHILATELY

A SHORT BIBLIOGRAPHY OF PHILATELY

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Catalogue of the Philatelic Library of the Earl of Crawford, K.T. By E. D. Bacon. _London_, 1911.

⁂ This work constitutes the most complete Bibliography of the literature of Philately, giving entries for all known printed books and pamphlets published up to 1908, and all periodicals up to 1907.

The following short Bibliography is a handy practical guide to the standard reference works on the special subject, and includes the handbooks and monographs issued up to 1911.

GENERAL HANDBOOKS

The A B C of Stamp Collecting: A Guide to the Instructive and Entertaining Study of the World's Postage Stamps. By Fred J. Melville. _London_, 1903. ⁂ Nineteen plates.

A Colour Dictionary. By B. W. Warhurst. 2nd ed. _London_, 1908.

Hints on Stamp Collecting. By T. H. Hinton. 3rd ed. _London_, 1908.

How to Collect Postage Stamps. By B. T. K. Smith. _London_, 1907. ⁂ Forty-eight plates.

How to Start a Philatelic Society. By Fred J. Melville. _London_, 1910.

A Penny All the Way. The Story of Penny Postage. By Fred J. Melville. 2nd ed. _London_,1908.

Postage Stamps worth Fortunes. By Fred J. Melville. 2nd ed. _London_,1908.

The Romance of Postage Stamps. (An Introductory Lecture.) By Fred J. Melville. _London_,1910.

The Stamp Collector. By W. J. Hardy and E. D. Bacon. _London_, 1898. ⁂ Twelve plates.

Stamps and Stamp Collecting: A Glossary of Philatelic Terms and Guide to the Identification of the Postage Stamps of all Nations. By E. B. Evans. _London_, 1894.

What Philately Teaches. (A Lecture delivered February 24, 1899.) By J. N. Luff. _New York_, 1899.

GENERAL CATALOGUE (NOT PRICED)

A Catalogue for Advanced Collectors of Postage Stamps, Stamped Envelopes, and Wrappers. Compiled from the most recent authorities and individual research. By H. C. Collin and H. L. Calman. _New York_, 1890-1901. ⁂ Two hundred and forty-six plates.

GENERAL CATALOGUES (PRICED)

These are current, general, illustrated and priced lists of the world's postage-stamps, briefly indicated under the country of publication and under publisher's name.

GREAT BRITAIN. Stanley Gibbons, Ltd.; Bright & Son; Whitfield King & Co.; D. Field (Colonials).

AMERICA. Scott Stamp and Coin Company; Stanley Gibbons, Inc.

FRANCE. Catalogue Officiel de la Société Française de Timbrologie; Yvert et Tellier; Lemaire; Bernichon; Montader; &c.

GERMANY. Gebrüder Senf; Paul Kohl, Ltd.

SPAIN. Galvez.

COLLECTIONS

The Catalogues of Stamp Exhibitions held in London, the Provinces, and abroad are useful for succinct accounts of numerous Collections of interest and importance. I do not, however, include them here, nor do I list the catalogues of auction sales, which have a similar reference value.

The Avery Collection of the Postage Stamps of the World. By W. H. Peckitt. _London_, 1909. ⁂ This collection was sold after the death of Sir William Avery, Bart., for £24,500.

Concise Description of the Collection of Essays of Martin Schroeder. By A. Reinheimer. _Leipzig_, 1903. ⁂ Seventy-two plates.

(A celebrated Collection of historical value, brought together between the years 1893 and 1902.)

Postage Stamps and their Collection. By Warren H. Colson. _Boston, Mass._, 1907. ⁂ Seventeen plates.

(Chiefly devoted to a description of the Collection of Dr. William C. Bowers, of Bridgeport, Connecticut, but containing comparative notes on other American Collections.)

Postage Stamps of the Hawaiian Islands in the Collection of Henry J. Crocker, of San Francisco. By Fred J. Melville. _London_, 1908. ⁂ Eight plates.

A Priced List of the Rare Stamps in the "Winzer" Collection. Stanley Gibbons, Ltd. _London_, 1894.

⁂ A fine Collection formed by Ernst Winzer, of Dresden, and sold for £3,000.

The Tapling Collection of Stamps and Postal Stationery at the British Museum: A Descriptive Guide and Index, with Portraits and Illustrations. By Fred J. Melville. _London_, 1905.

SPECIAL HANDBOOKS

[For grouped Countries, see under comprehensive title, _e.g._, Africa, Australasia.]

ABYSSINIA. Abyssinia. By Fred J. Melville. _London_, 1909.

AFGHANISTAN. The Postage Stamps of Afghanistan. By [Sir] D. P. Masson and B. G. Jones. _Madras and Birmingham_, 1908. ⁂ Twenty-four plates.

AFRICA. The Postage Stamps, Envelopes, Wrappers, Post Cards and Telegraph Stamps of the British Colonies, Possessions and Protectorates in Africa. [The Philatelic Society, London.]

I. British Bechuanaland to Cape of Good Hope. _London_, 1895. ⁂ Eight plates.

II. Gambia to Natal. _London_, 1900. ⁂ Fourteen plates.

III. New Republic to Zululand. _London_, 1906. ⁂ Thirty plates.

AMERICA. The Postage Stamps, Envelopes, Wrappers, and Post Cards of the North American Colonies of Great Britain. [The Philatelic Society, London.] _London_, 1889. ⁂ Six plates.

ARGENTINA. Sellos postales de la Confederación Argentina. By J. Marco del Pont. _Buenos Aires_, 1902. ⁂ Two plates.

Sellos postales de la Républica Argentina. (Emisión de 11 de Enero de 1862.) By J. Marco del Pont. _Buenos Aires_, 1895.

Timbres de la République Argentine et de ses diverses provinces. Two vols. By J. B. Moëns. _Bruxelles_, 1882.

Valores Postales Argentinos. By C. Carles. _Buenos Aires_, 1897, 1898.

[The work is of a semi-official character, containing specimen ("muestra") copies of the Stamps accompanied by the official decrees relating to their issue.]

ASIA. The Stamp Designs of Eastern Asia. By C. A. Howes. _New York_, 1905.

AUSTRALASIA. The Postage Stamps, Envelopes, and Post Cards of Australia and the British Colonies of Oceania. [The Philatelic Society, London.] _London_, 1887. ⁂ Thirty-one plates.

AUSTRIA. Die Postwertzeichen des Kaisertumes Öesterreich und der öesterreichisch-ungarischen Monarchie. By H. Kropf. _Prag_, 1908. ⁂ Thirty-five plates.

BADEN. Baden (in German). By O. Rommel. _Leipzig_, 1893-6. ⁂ One plate.

Die Abstempelungen der Marken von Baden. By A. E. Glasewald. _Gössnitz_, 1898. ⁂ Two plates.

Die Briefmarken von Baden. By C. Lindenberg. _Berlin_, 1894. ⁂ One plate.

Die Briefumschläge von Baden. By C. Lindenberg. _Berlin_, 1894.

BARBADOS. The Stamps of Barbados. By E. D. Bacon and F. H. Napier. _London_, 1896. ⁂ Three plates.

BAVARIA. Bayern (in German). By O. Rommel. _Leipzig_, 1893-96. ⁂ Two plates.

Die Postwerthzeichen von Bayern. By S. Friedl. _Wien_, 1880.

Die Briefumschläge von Bayern. By C. Lindenberg. _Berlin_, 1895.

Der Specialsammler von Bayern nach Abstempelungen. By A. Chelius. _München_, 1900.

BELGIUM. Belgique et Congo Belge. Catalogue spécial de tous les variétés de timbres-poste, télégraphe, colis-postaux & cartes postales. By C. Brandès-Hoffstetter. _Bruxelles_, 1897.

Les Timbres de Belgique. By J. B. Moëns. Two vols. _Bruxelles_, 1880.

BERGEDORF. Die Postfreimarken des beiderstädtischen Postamtes Bergedorf. By H. Krötzsch. _Leipzig_, 1896. ⁂ Nine plates.

BHOPAL. Notes on the Postage Stamps of Bhopal. By G. A. Anderson. _Calcutta_, 1899. ⁂ Thirty-two plates.

BOLIVIA. How to Collect Bolivian Stamps. By H. R. Oldfield. _London_, 1898. ⁂ Six plates.

BRAZIL. Catalogue historique des timbres-poste et entiers du Brésil. By C. O. Vieira. _Paris_, 1893.

Catalogue of Postage Stamps issued in Brazil, accurately described and formed from the stock of Exemplar Stamps collected by C. J. L. of Bahia in Brazil. By C. J. Lindgren. _Bahia_, 1891.

BREMEN. Bremen (in German). By O. Rommel and H. Krötzsch. _Leipzig_, 1893-6. ⁂ Six plates.

Die Briefumschläge von Hamburg und Bremen. By C. Lindenberg. _Berlin_, 1894.

Les Timbres de Brême. By G. Brunel. _Paris_, 1907.

BRITISH CENTRAL AFRICA. British Central Africa and Nyasaland Protectorate. By Fred. J. Melville. _London_, 1909.

BRITISH HONDURAS. The Stamps of British Honduras. By B. W. H. Poole. _London_, 1910.

BRITISH NEW GUINEA. British New Guinea and Papua. By Fred J. Melville. _London_, 1909.

BRUNSWICK. Die Postwerthzeichen des Herzogthums Braunschweig. By L. Berger. _Braunschweig_, 1893.

Die Briefumschläge von Braunschweig. By C. Lindenberg. _Berlin_, 1892.

Braunschweig. By O. Rommel and H. Krötzsch. _Leipzig_, 1893-6. ⁂ Four plates.

CAMPECHE. Some Notes on the most remarkable Postage Stamp ever issued. By W. C. Bellows. _New York_, 1909.

CANADA. The Postage Stamps of Canada. By C. A. Howes. _Boston_, 1911. ⁂ Fifteen plates.

CAPE OF GOOD HOPE. Cape of Good Hope. By E. J. Nankivell. _Tunbridge Wells_, 1909.

CAYMAN ISLANDS. The Cayman Islands: Their Stamps and Post Office. By D. Armstrong, C. Bostwick, and A. Watkin. _London_, 1910. ⁂ Two plates.

Jamaica and the Cayman Islands. By E. J. Nankivell. _Tunbridge Wells_, 1908.

CEYLON. The Postage Stamps, Envelopes, Wrappers, Post Cards, and Telegraph Stamps of British India and Ceylon. [The Philatelic Society, London.] _London_, 1892.

CHILI. Estudios de la filatelia de Chile. By R. Aguirre Mercado. _Coquimbo_, 1905.

Les Timbres du Chili, d'après Rafael Aguirre Mercado. By Sigismond Jean. _Paris_, 1910.

CHINA. Notes on the Postage Stamps of China, 1878-1905. By J. Mencarini (of the Imperial Maritime Customs Service). _Shanghai_, 1906. ⁂ Four plates.

The Postage Stamps of China, with a History of the Chinese Imperial Post. By Fred J. Melville. _London_, 1908. ⁂ Three plates.

COLOMBIA. Catalogo de estampillas postales de Colombia: emisiones 1859 à 1897. By L. Umaña. _Cali_, 1897.

CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA. Catalogue of the Stamps, Envelopes, and Wrappers of the United States of America, and of the Confederate States of America. By H. L. Collin and H. L. Calman, with John N. Luff and Geo. L. Toppan. _New York_, 1900.

COREA. The Emissions of China, Shanghai, Corea, and Japan. By W. A. Warner. _Chicago_, 1889.

CRETE. Les nouveaux timbres-poste de l'ile de Crete et les modèles des monnaies antiques (translated from the Greek). [Direction des Postes Crétoises.] _La Canée_, 1905.

The New Postage Stamps of the Island of Crete. Translated from the above. _New York_, 1905.

DENMARK. Danske Postfrimaerker 1851-1901. [A semi-official jubilee work, containing reprints.] By O. Koefoed. _Kjobenhavn_, 1901.

Dänemark-Studie. By O. V. Riise. _München_, 1893. ⁂ Three plates.

DOMINICA. Dominica. By B. W. H. Poole. _Tunbridge Wells_, 1909.

DUTCH INDIES. Beschrijving van alle Nederlandsch Indische Frankeerzegels, Postzegels. [Nederlandsche Vereeniging van Postzegelverzamelaars.] _Amsterdam_, 1895.

EGYPT. The Stamps of Egypt. By W. S. Warburg. _Tewkesbury, Egremont_, 1895.

De Postzegels van Egypte. By J. C. auf der Heide. _Amsterdam_, 1902.

ERRORS. The World's Stamp Errors. By Miss Fitte. Part I., The British Empire. Part II., Foreign Countries. _London_, 1910.

EUROPE. The Adhesive Postage Stamps of Europe. By W. A. S. Westoby. Two vols. _London_, 1898-1900.

Catalogue-Memento pour servir de Manco List: Europe et Colonies. By Paul Morand. _Paris_, 1909.

FALKLAND ISLANDS. The Postage Stamps of the Falkland Islands. By B. W. H. Poole. _London_, 1909.

FIJI ISLANDS. The Postage Stamps, &c., of the Fiji Islands. By Charles J. Phillips. _London_, 1908. ⁂ Fifteen plates.

FINLAND. Die Ganzsachen von Finnland. By R. Granberg. _Berlin_, 1903.

Katalog über die Freimarken des Grossfürstentums Finland. [Helsingfors Frimärkssamlare Förening.] 3rd ed. _Helsingfors_, 1908. ⁂ Three plates.

FORGERIES. Album Weeds, or How to detect Forged Stamps. By the Rev. R. B. Earée. 3rd ed. Two vols. _London_, 1906-7.

FRANCE. Catalogue Descriptif Illustré de toutes les Marques Postales de la France. By A. Maury. 2nd ed. _Paris_, 1899, with supplement, 1905.

Catalogue Memento, pour servir de Manco-Liste: France et ses Colonies. By Paul Morand. _Paris_, 1909.

Étude et description des signes de controle sur les timbres de la France de 1846-99. By H. Valois. _Amiens_, 1896. ⁂ Three plates.

Histoire des timbres-poste français. By A. Maury. Two parts. _Paris_, 1907-8.

Histoire du timbre-poste français. By L. Leroy. _Paris et Bruxelles_, 1891.

Les Vignettes postales de la France et de ses Colonies. By F. Marconnet. Two vols. _Nancy_, 1897. ⁂ Second vol. consists of atlas of plates.

Notes sur l'émission provisoire des timbres-poste français dits de "Bordeaux." By P. Hermand. _Paris_, 1901.

Le Timbre-Poste français, étude historique et anecdotique de la poste et du timbre en France et dans les colonies françaises. By Georges Brunel. New ed., with supplement. _Paris_, 1901.

GAMBIA. Gambia. By Fred. J. Melville. _London_, 1909.

GERMANY AND COLONIES. Die Aushülfsmarken von Tsingtau und ihre Fälschungen. By Gebrüder Senf. _Leipzig_, 1903.

Deutsche Reich-Post. By O. Rommel. _Leipzig_, 1893-6.

Illustrierter Spezial-Katalog der Deutschen Kolonialmarken und der Deutschen Postämter im Auslande. By Gebrüder Senf. _Leipzig_, 1907.

GIBRALTAR. Die Postwertzeichen von Gibraltar seit 1889. By W. Breimeier. _Leipzig_, 1892.

GREAT BRITAIN. Great Britain: Embossed Adhesive Stamps. By Fred J. Melville. _London_, 1910.

Great Britain: King Edward VII. Stamps. By Fred J. Melville. _London_, 1911.

Great Britain: Line-engraved Stamps. By Fred J. Melville. 2nd ed. _London_, 1910.

A History of the Adhesive Stamps of the British Isles. By H. E. Wright and A. B. Creeke, Jun. _London_, 1899. ⁂ Thirty-eight plates. With a Supplement. By A. B. Creeke, Jun. _London_, 1904. ⁂ One plate.

The Postage Stamps of Great Britain. By Fred J. Melville. _London_, 1904. ⁂ Eight plates.

The Postage and Telegraph Stamps of Great Britain. By F. A. Philbrick and W. A. S. Westoby. _London_, 1881.

The Postage Stamps of the United Kingdom, 1840-90. By W. A. S. Westoby. 2nd ed. _London_, 1892.

Standard Priced Catalogue of the Stamps and Postmarks of the United Kingdom. By H. L. Ewen. 6th ed. _London, S. E._, 1898.

GREECE. Les Emissions des Timbres Grecs. By Georges Brunel. _Paris_, 1909.

Die Postmarken von Griechenland. By A. E. Glasewald. _Gössnitz_, 1886-96. ⁂ Plates.

Die Postwerthzeichen von Griechenland. By A. E. Glasewald. _Gössnitz_, 1896.

The Stamps of Greece. By W. D. Beckton and G. B. Duerst. _Manchester_, 1897. ⁂ Three plates.

GRENADA. Grenada. By E. D. Bacon and F. H. Napier. _London_, 1900. ⁂ Nine plates.

GRIQUALAND. The Stamps of Griqualand West. By F. H. Napier. _Manchester_, 1903. ⁂ Two plates.

HAMBURG. Die Briefumschläge von Hamburg und Bremen. By C. Lindenberg. _Berlin_, 1894.

Hamburg (in German). By O. Rommel and H. Krötzsch. _Leipzig_, 1893-6.

Die Postwerthzeichen von Hamburg. By E. Heim. _Wien_, 1880.

Les Timbres de Hambourg. By G. Brunel. _Paris_, 1911.

HANOVER. Die Briefumschläge von Hannover. By C. Lindenberg. _Berlin_, 1895.

Hannover (in German). By H. Krötzsch. _Leipzig_, 1893. ⁂ Nine plates.

HAWAIIAN ISLANDS. Descriptive Catalogue of the Postage Stamps of Hawaii. By W. M. Giffard. _Honolulu_, 1893.

Hawaiian Numerals. By Henry J. Crocker. _San Francisco_, 1909. ⁂ Twenty-two plates.

History of the Postal Issues of Hawaii. By Brewster C. Kenyon. _Long Beach, Cal._, 1895. ⁂ Eight plates.

Postage Stamps of the Hawaiian Islands in the Collection of Henry J. Crocker, of San Francisco. By Fred J. Melville. _London_, 1908. ⁂ Eight plates.

HAYTI. The Postage Stamps of Hayti. By Fred J. Melville. _London_, 1905.

HELIGOLAND. Heligoland et ses timbres. By J. B. Moëns. _Bruxelles_, 1897.

Originaux et Réimpressions de Héligoland. By A. Wulbern. _Bruxelles_, 1911. ⁂ Two plates.

HOLLAND AND COLONIES. De Afstempelingen voorkomende op de Postzegels van Nederland. By Schreuders & Co. _s'Gravenhage_, 1897. ⁂ Twelve plates.

Beschrijving van alle Nederlansche Postzegels. [Nederlandsche Vereeniging van Postzegel-verzamelaars.] _Amsterdam_, 1894-5. ⁂