CHAPTER II

SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY STYLES

CHRONOLOGY

JAMES I. (1603-25)

=1606= Second colonisation of Virginia begun; Raleigh's first colony in Virginia was founded in 1585.

=1611= The colonisation of Ulster begun.

Publication of the _Authorised version_ of the _Bible_.

=1620= The sailing of the _Mayflower_ and the foundation of New England by the Puritans.

CHARLES I. (1625-49)

=1630= John Winthrop and a number of Puritans settle in Massachusetts.

=1633= Reclamation of forest lands.

=1634= Wentworth introduces flax cultivation into Ireland.

=1635= Taxes for Ship Money levied on inland counties.

=1637= John Hampden, a country gentleman, refuses to pay Ship Money.

CIVIL WAR (1642-49)

=1642= Battle of Edgehill. Formation of Eastern Association. Norfolk, Suffolk, Essex, Cambridge, and Hertford unite for purpose of defence against the Royalists.

=1643= Battles of Reading, Grantham, Stratton, Chalgrove Field, Adwalton Moor (near Bradford), Lansdown, Roundway Down, Bristol, Gloucester, Newbury, Winceby, Hull.

=1644= Battles of Nantwich, Copredy Bridge, Marston Moor, Tippermuir, Lostwithiel, Newbury.

=1645= Battles of Inverlochy, Naseby, Langport, Kilsyth, Bristol, Philiphaugh, Rowton Heath.

=1648= Battles of Maidstone, Pembroke, Preston, Colchester.

THE COMMONWEALTH (1642-58)

=1649= Battle of Rathmines. Storming of Drogheda and Wexford by Cromwell.

=1650= Montrose defeated at Corbiesdale and executed. Battle of Dunbar.

=1651= Battle of Worcester.

=1652= War with Holland.

=1656= War with Spain.

=1657= Destruction of Spanish fleet by Blake.

=1658= Battle of the Dunes. Victory of English and French fleet over Spain.

INTERREGNUM (1658-60)

=1659= Rising in Cheshire for Charles.

CHARLES II. (1660-85)

=1672= _The stop of the Exchequer._ Charles refuses to repay the principal of the sums he had borrowed and reduces interest from 12 per cent. to 6 per cent. This resulted in great distress, felt in various parts of the country.

JAMES II. (1685-88)

=1685= Insurrection of Argyll in Scotland.

Monmouth rising in West of England.

Revocation of Edict of Nantes. The expulsion of a large number of French Protestant artisans. Settlement of skilled silk-weavers and others in England.

WILLIAM III. AND MARY (1689-94)

WILLIAM III. (1689-1702)

=1689= Siege of Londonderry.

=1690= Battle of the Boyne. William defeats James, who flees to France.

=1691= Capitulation of Limerick; 10,000 Irish soldiers and officers joined the service of the French King.

=1692= Battle of La Hogue, French fleet destroyed.