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CHARACTER AND CONDUCT

CHARACTER AND CONDUCT

A Book of Helpful Thoughts by Great Writers of Past and Present Ages

Selected and Arranged for Daily Reading by the Author of "Being And Doing"

With a Frontispiece by Sir E. J. Poynter, Bart., P.R.A.

Liverpool Henry Young & Sons London Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & Co. Ltd. 1905 First Edition, 2000 copies, printed November 1904 Second Edition, 1000 copies, printed December 1904

TO

_E. K._

_"It is more_ men _that the world wants, not more systems. It is character that our modern life waits for, to redeem and transform it; and conduct as the fruitage of character."_

_The Citizen in his Relation to the Industrial Situation_, BISHOP POTTER.

PREFACE

This collection of noble thoughts expressed by men and women of past and present ages who have endeavoured to leave the world a little better than they found it, is similar in arrangement and purpose to my former volume "Being and Doing"; and has been compiled at the request of several readers who have found that book helpful.

It is obvious that without the kindly co-operation of many authors and publishers such books could not exist, and I tender sincere and hearty thanks to those who have made the work possible. All have treated me with unfailing courtesy and generosity.

Where I have occasionally used short quotations without permission I ask forgiveness.

It would be impossible to name separately each one to whom I am a grateful debtor, so special mention must only be made of the more heavily taxed, and of those who have asked for a formal acknowledgment, namely:--

The Literary Executors of the late Mr. Ruskin, _per_ Mr. George Allen, for extracts from Mr. Ruskin's works.

Mr. Edward Arnold for those from _Red Pottage_, by Mary Cholmondeley.

Canon Barnett for those from _The Service of God_.

Messrs. Deighton Bell & Co. for those from _Pastor Pastorum_, by the Rev. Henry Latham.

Mr. James Drummond for those from the writings of Professor Henry Drummond.

Messrs. Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner & Co. for those from Sir Edwin Arnold's _Light of Asia_.

Miss May Kendall for those from _Turkish Bonds_, &c.

Messrs. Longmans, Green & Co. for those from the works of Bishop Paget, and from Canon MacColl's _Here and Hereafter_.

Professor MacCunn for those from _The Making of Character_.

Messrs. Macmillan & Co. for those from the works of Bishop Westcott, Mrs. Bernard Bosanquet; Tennyson's Poems; from the present Lord Tennyson's Life of his father; from the _Mettle of the Pasture_, by James Lane Allen; and from Mrs. Humphry Ward's translation of _Amiel's Journal_.

Messrs. Methuen & Co. for one from the _Life of R. L. Stevenson_.

Mr. Lloyd Osbourne for those from R. L. Stevenson's works.

Messrs. Wells, Gardner, Darton & Co. for those from Bishop Winnington Ingram's _Under the Dome_ and _Friends of the Master_.

Dr. John Watson for those from his writings.

Permission was kindly given me before by Messrs. Macmillan to quote from the works of the late Archbishop Temple and of Matthew Arnold. By Messrs. Smith, Elder & Co. for quotations from Robert Browning. By Mr. C. Lewes for quotations from George Eliot; and from Lord Avebury and the Rev. Stopford Brooke for those from their works.

In my experience the reading of extracts often leads to the reading of the books from which they were taken, and I hope and believe many of these gleanings will serve as introductions.

CONSTANCE M. WHISHAW.

SUNNY BANK, ARNSIDE, CARNFORTH.

New Year's Day

JANUARY 1

"Here you stand at the parting of the ways; some road you are to take; and as you stand here, consider and know how it is that you intend to live. Carry no bad habits, no corrupting associations, no enmities and strifes into this New Year. Leave these behind, and let the Dead Past bury its Dead; leave them behind, and thank God that you are able to leave them."

EPHRAIM PEABODY.

"WOULD'ST shape a noble life? Then cast No backward glances toward the past, And though somewhat be lost and gone, Yet do thou act as one new-born; What each day needs, that shalt thou ask, Each day will set its proper task."

GOETHE.

"No aim is too high, no task too great, no sin too strong, no trial too hard for those who patiently and humbly rest upon God's grace: who wait on Him that He may renew their strength."

_Faculties and Difficulties for Belief and Disbelief_, BISHOP PAGET.

Purpose

JANUARY 2

"You did not come into this world by chance, you were not born by accident. You all came charged with a mission to use your best efforts to extend the frontier of your Master's Kingdom by purifying your own hearts and leavening for good the hearts of all who come within the sphere of your influence. Your business here is not to enjoy yourselves in those fleeting pleasures which perish in the using; not to sip as many dainties as you can from the moments as they fly; not to gather as many flowers as you can pluck from the garden of this perishing earth; not even to rest in the enjoyment of those nobler delights which come from the exercise of the intellect in the investigation of the works of God and man; but rather to do your best to fit yourselves and others for the new heavens and new earth, which God has prepared for those who love Him."

_Life Here and Hereafter_, CANON MACCOLL.

"Do not despise your situation; in it you must act, suffer, and conquer. From every point on earth we are equally near to heaven and to the infinite."

_Amiel's Journal._

A Noble Life

JANUARY 3

"A man's greatness lies not in wealth and station, as the vulgar believe, nor yet in his intellectual capacity, which is often associated with the meanest moral character, the most abject servility to those in high places, and arrogance to the poor and lowly; but a man's true greatness lies in the consciousness of an honest purpose in life, founded on a just estimate of himself and everything else, on frequent self-examination, and a steady obedience to the rule which he knows to be right, without troubling himself about what others may think or say, or whether they do or do not do that which he thinks and says and does."

GEORGE LONG.

"Whether a life is noble or ignoble depends not on the calling which is adopted, but on the spirit in which it is followed."

_The Pleasures of Life_, LORD AVEBURY.

"Every noble life leaves the fibre of itself interwoven for ever in the work of the world."

TRENCH.

Holiness

JANUARY 4

"Jesus and His Apostles teach that the supreme success of life is not to escape pain but to lay hold on righteousness, not to possess but to be holy, not to get things from God but to be like God. They were ever bidding Christians beware of ease, ever rousing them to surrender and sacrifice."

_The Potter's Wheel_, DR. JOHN WATSON.

"The end of life is not to deny self, nor to be true, nor to keep the Ten Commandments--it is simply to do God's will. It is not to get good nor be good, nor even to do good--it is just what God wills, whether that be working or waiting, or winning or losing, or suffering or recovering, or living or dying."

_The Ideal Life_, HENRY DRUMMOND.

"Do not act as if thou wert going to live ten thousand years. Death hangs over thee. While thou livest, while it is in thy power, be good."

MARCUS AURELIUS.

The Power of the Holy Spirit

JANUARY 5

"We are haunted by an ideal life, and it is because we have within us the beginning and the possibility of it."

PHILLIPS BROOKS.

"The power of the Holy Spirit!--an everlasting spiritual presence among men. What but that is the thing we want? That is what the old oracles were dreaming of, what the modern Spiritualists tonight are fumbling after. The power of the Holy Ghost, by which every man who is in doubt may know what is right, every man whose soul is sick may be made spiritually whole, every weak man may be made a strong man,--that is God's one sufficient answer to the endless appeal of man's spiritual life; that is God's one great response to the unconscious need of spiritual guidance, which He hears crying out of the deep heart of every man.--I hope that I have made clear to you what I mean. I would that we might understand ourselves, see what we might be; nay, see what we are. While you are living a worldly and a wicked life, letting all sacred things go, caring for no duty, serving no God, there is another self, your possibility, the thing that you might be, the thing that God gave you a chance to be."

PHILLIPS BROOKS.

A Symphony

JANUARY 6

"To live content with small means; to seek elegance rather than luxury, and refinement rather than fashion; to be worthy, not respectable, and wealthy, not rich; to study hard, think quietly, talk gently, act frankly; to listen to stars and birds, to babes and sages, with open heart; to bear all cheerfully, do all bravely, await occasions, hurry never; in a word, to let the spiritual, unbidden and unconscious, grow up through the common--this is to be my symphony."

WILLIAM ELLERY CHANNING.

"Heed how thou livest. Do no act by day Which from the night shall drive thy peace away. In months of sun so live that months of rain Shall still be happy."

WHITTIER, _Translation_.

Patience with Ourselves

JANUARY 7

"To be honest, to be kind--to earn a little and to spend a little less, to make upon the whole a family happier for his presence, to renounce when that shall be necessary and not be embittered, to keep a few friends but these without capitulation--above all, on the same grim condition, to keep friends with himself--here is a task for all that a man has of fortitude and delicacy."

_Across the Plains_, R. L. STEVENSON.

"People who love themselves aright, even as they ought to love their neighbour, bear charitably, though without flattery, with self as with another. They know what needs correction at home as well as elsewhere; they strive heartily and vigorously to correct it, but they deal with self as they would deal with some one else they wished to bring to God. They set to work patiently, not exacting more than is practicable under present circumstances from themselves any more than from others, and not being disheartened because perfection is not attainable in a day."

FÉNÉLON.

"One is so apt to think that what works smoothest works to the highest ends, having no patience for the results of friction."

Mrs. EWING.

The Foot-path to Peace

JANUARY 8

"To be glad of life because it gives you the chance to love and to work and to play and to look up at the stars; to be satisfied with your possessions, but not contented with yourself until you have made the best of them; to despise nothing in the world except falsehood and meanness, and to fear nothing except cowardice; to be governed by your admirations rather than by your disgusts; to covet nothing that is your neighbour's except his kindness of heart and gentleness of manners; to think seldom of your enemies, often of your friends, and every day of Christ; and to spend as much time as you can, with body and with spirit, in God's out-of-doors--these are little guideposts on the foot-path to peace."

HENRY VAN DYKE.

"O Lord, that lends me life, lend me a heart replete with thankfulness."

SHAKESPEARE.

Purpose

JANUARY 9

"He who lives without a definite purpose achieves no higher end than to serve as a warning to others. He is a kind of bell-buoy, mournfully tolled by the waves of circumstance, to mark the rocks or shoals which are to be avoided."

"Surely there is something to be done from morning till night, and to find out _what_ is the appointed work of the onward-tending soul."

FANNY KEMBLE.

"I ask you while hope is still fresh and enthusiasm unchilled to gain some conception of the solemnity, the vastness, the unity, the purpose of life: to pause in the street or on the river bank and ask yourselves what that strange stream of pleasure and frivolity and sorrow and vice means, and means to you: to reflect that you are bound by intelligible bonds to every suffering, sinning man and woman: to learn, while the lesson is comparatively easy, the secret of human sympathy: to search after some of the essential relationships of man to man: to interpret a little of the worth of even trivial labour: to grow sensitive to the feelings of the poor: to grow considerate to the claims of the weak."

Bishop WESTCOTT.

Life, a School

January 10

"All life is a school, a preparation, a purpose: nor can we pass current in a higher college, if we do not undergo the tedium of education in this lower one."

_Tennyson--a Memoir_, by his Son.

"Life is a succession of lessons, which must be lived to be understood."

EMERSON.

"We never know for what God is preparing us in His schools, for what work on earth, for what work in the hereafter. Our business is to do our work well in the present place, whatever that may be."

LYMAN ABBOTT.

Character and Service

January 11

"Never should we forget the close connection between character and service, between inward nobleness and outward philanthropy. We are not here to dream, or even to build up in grace and beauty our individual life; we are responsible, each in our own little way, for trying to leave this sad world happier, this evil world better than we found it. In this way slackness is infamy, and power to the last particle means duty. Each of us, in some degree, must have the ambition to be an 'Alter Christus'--another Christ, shouldering with the compassionate Son of God to lift our shadowed world from the gates of death."

"What men want is not talent, it is purpose; not the power to achieve, but the will to labour."

BULWER LYTTON.

"'Awake, thou that sleepest, and arise from the dead, and Christ shall give thee light.' This is the principle with which we should look forth upon the world and our own life at the beginning of this year. We look upon the world; it seems as if it were sleeping still, like Rome, as if it needed as much as ever to hear the shout, 'Awake, thou that sleepest.'"

STOPFORD BROOKE.

Present Circumstances

JANUARY 12

"Everywhere and at all times it is in thy power piously to acquiesce in thy present condition, and to behave justly to those who are about thee, and to exert thy skill upon thy present thoughts, that nothing shall steal into them without being well examined."

MARCUS AURELIUS.

"Such as are thy habitual thoughts, such also will be the character of thy mind; for the soul is dyed by the thoughts. Dye it then with a continuous series of such thoughts as these: for instance, that where a man can live, there he can also live well. But he must live in a palace;--well then, he can also live well in a palace."

MARCUS AURELIUS.

"Of nothing can we be more sure than this: that, if we cannot sanctify our present lot, we could sanctify no other."

MARTINEAU.

Circumstances

JANUARY 13

"Occasion is the father of most that is good in us. As you have seen the awkward fingers and clumsy tools of a prisoner cut and fashion the most delicate little pieces of carved work; or achieve the most prodigious underground labours, and cut through walls of masonry, and saw iron bars and fetters; 'tis misfortune that awakens ingenuity, or fortitude or endurance, in hearts where these qualities had never come to life but for the circumstance which gave them a being."

_Esmond_, W. M. THACKERAY.

"It always remains true that if we had been greater, circumstances would have been less strong against us."

G. ELIOT.

"A consideration of petty circumstances is the tomb of great things."

VOLTAIRE.

The Ifs of Life

JANUARY 14

"If it were--_if_ it might be--_if_ it could be--_if_ it had been. One portion of mankind go through life always regretting, always whining, always imagining. _As_ it is--this is the way in which the other class of people look at the conditions in which they find themselves. I venture to say that if one should count the _ifs_ and the _ases_ in the conversation of his acquaintances, he would find the more able and important persons among them--statesmen, generals, men of business--among the _ases_, and the majority of conspicuous failures among the _ifs_."

_Over the Teacups_, O. W. HOLMES.

"It is sad, indeed, to see how man wastes his opportunities. How many could be made happy, with the blessings which are recklessly wasted or thrown away! Happiness is a condition of Mind, not a result of circumstances; and, in the words of Dugald Stewart, the great secret of happiness is to accommodate ourselves to things external, rather than to struggle to accommodate external things to ourselves. Hume wisely said that a happy disposition was better than an estate of £10,000 a year. Try to realise all the blessings you have, and you will find perhaps that they are more than you suppose. Many a blessing has been recognised too late."

Lord AVEBURY.

"The pleasure of life is according to the man that lives it, and not according to the work or the place."

EMERSON.

Harmony

JANUARY 15

"... Have good will To all that lives, letting unkindness die And greed and wrath; so that your lives be made Like soft airs passing by.

... Govern the lips As they were palace-doors, the King within; Tranquil and fair and courteous be all words Which from that presence win.

... Let each act Assoil a fault or help a merit grow: Like threads of silver seen through crystal beads Let love through good deeds show."

_The Light of Asia_, E. ARNOLD.

"The Past is something, but the Present more; Will It not, too, be past? Nor fail withal To recognise the Future in your hopes; Unite them in your manhood, each and all, Nor mutilate the perfectness of life!-- You can remember; you can also hope."

A. H. CLOUGH.

Harmony

JANUARY 16

... "THIS is peace To conquer love of self and lust of life, To tear deep-rooted passion from the breast, To still the inward strife;

For love to clasp Eternal Beauty close; For glory to be Lord of self; for pleasure To live beyond the gods; for countless wealth To lay up lasting treasure

Of perfect service rendered, duties done In charity, soft speech, and stainless days: These riches shall not fade away in life, Nor any death dispraise."

_The Light of Asia_, E. ARNOLD.

"WE are all of us made more graceful by the inward presence of what we believe to be a generous purpose; our actions move to a hidden music--'a melody that's sweetly played in tune.'"

GEORGE ELIOT.

Ideals

JANUARY 17

"It is not the ideals of earlier years that are the most unattainable. 'The petty done, the undone vast' is not the thought of the youth, but of those who, having done the most, yet count themselves unprofitable servants, because it is to them only that the experience, the knowledge, and the reflection of maturer years have opened up the far vistas of moral possibility."

_The Making of Character_, PROF. MACCUNN.

"In doing is this knowledge won, To see what yet remains undone. With this our pride repress, And give us grace, a growing store, That day by day we may do more And may esteem it less."

TRENCH.

"Comfort me not!--for if aught be worse than failure from over-stress Of a life's prime purpose, it is to sit down content with a little success."

LYTTON.

The Celestial Surgeon

JANUARY 18

THE CELESTIAL SURGEON

"If I have faltered more or less In my great task of happiness; If I have moved among my race And shown no glorious morning face; If beams from happy human eyes Have moved me not; if morning skies, Books, and my food, and summer rain Knocked on my sullen heart in vain:-- Lord, Thy most pointed pleasure take And stab my spirit broad awake; Or, Lord, if too obdurate I, Choose Thou, before that spirit die, A piercing pain, a killing sin, And to my dead heart run them in."

_Underwoods_, R. L. STEVENSON.

Influence of Great Men

JANUARY 19

"The thirst for memoirs and lives and letters is not all to be put down to the hero-worship which is natural to every heart. It means, perhaps, a higher thing than that. It means, in the first place, that great living is being appreciated for its own sake; and, in the second, that great living is being imitated. If it is true that any of us are beginning to appreciate greatness for its own sake--greatness, that is to say, in the sense of great and true living--it is one of the most hopeful symptoms of our history. And, further, if we are going on from the mere admiration of great men to try and live like them, we are obeying one of the happiest impulses of our being. There is indeed no finer influence abroad than the influence of great men in great books, and all that literature can do in supplying the deformed world with worthy and shapely models is entitled to gratitude and respect."

_The Ideal Life_, HENRY DRUMMOND.

"Glimpses into the inner regions of a great soul do one good. Contact of this kind strengthens, restores, refreshes. Courage returns as we gaze; when we see what has been, we doubt no more that it can be again. At the sight of a MAN we too say to ourselves, Let us also be men."

_Amiel's Journal._

Influence of Great Men

JANUARY 20

"We cannot look, however imperfectly, upon a great man, without gaining something by him. He is the living life-fountain, which it is good and pleasant to be near; the light which enlightens, which has enlightened, the darkness of the world; and this not as a kindling lamp only, but rather as a natural luminary, shining by the gift of Heaven; a flowing light-fountain, as I say, of native original insight, of manhood and heroic nobleness, in whose radiance all souls feel that it is well with them."

CARLYLE.

"My sole fear was the fear of doing an unrighteous or unholy thing."

SOCRATES.

"The truly honest man, here and there to be found, is not only without thought of legal, religious, or social compulsion, when he discharges an equitable claim on him, but he is without thought of self-compulsion. He does the right thing with a simple feeling of satisfaction in doing it; and is, indeed, impatient if anything prevents him from having the satisfaction of doing it."

HERBERT SPENCER.

The Habit of Admiration

JANUARY 21

"'We live by admiration, hope, and love,' Wordsworth tells us,--not, therefore, by contempt, despondency, and hatred. These contract and narrow the soul, as the others enlarge it. The more a man heartily admires, the more he takes into his nature the goodness and beauty which excite his admiration. His being grows up toward what thus evokes his enthusiasm. And the habit of admiration is the outcome of a moral discipline which represses peevish and fault-finding dispositions, and seeks the admirable in every situation and every person that life brings to us. 'Be ye enlarged' implies 'learn to admire and to praise.'"

"Learn to admire rightly; the great pleasure of life is that. Note what the great men admired; they admired great things: narrow spirits admire basely, and worship meanly."

THACKERAY.

Character of Henry Drummond

JANUARY 22