Part 43

CALAMANCO, kal-a-mangk'o, _n._ a satin-twilled woollen stuff, checkered or brocaded in the warp. [Dut. _kalamink_, Ger. _kalmank_, Fr. _calmande_; origin unknown.]

CALAMANDER, kal'a-man-d[.e]r, _n._ a hard and valuable cabinet-wood of a brownish colour, with black stripes, brought from India and Ceylon. [Prob. Singh.]

CALAMARY, kal'a-mar-i, _n._ a popular name applied to numerous forms of cuttle-fish or Cephalopoda, more esp. to _Loligo vulgaris_.--Also SQUID. [Sp. _calamar_--Fr. _calmar_--L. _calamarius_, _calamus_, a pen.]

CALAMINE, kal'a-m[=i]n, _n._ an ore consisting essentially of carbonate of zinc. [Fr.--Low L. _calamina_, most prob. from L. _cadmia_.]

CALAMINT, kal'a-mint, _n._ a genus of Labiate plants closely allied to balm and thyme. [Fr.--Low L. _calamentum_, through L. from Gr. _kalaminth[=e]_.]

CALAMITE, kal'a-m[=i]t, _n._ a fossil plant abundant in the coal-measures, believed to be a kind of gigantic horse-tails (_Equisetaceæ_). [Formed from L. _calamus_, a reed.]

CALAMITY, kal-am'i-ti, _n._ a great misfortune: affliction.--_adj._ CALAM'ITOUS, making wretched, disastrous.--_adv._ CALAM'ITOUSLY, in a calamitous manner.--_n._ CALAM'ITOUSNESS, the quality of producing distress: distress: misery. [Fr. _calamité_--L. _calamitat-em_.]

CALAMUS, kal'a-mus, _n._ the traditional name of the sweet flag, which is no doubt the _Calamus aromaticus_ of Roman authors, and probably the sweet calamus and sweet cane of Scripture, but not the fragrant lemon-grass of India: a genus of palms whose stems make canes or rattans: the reed pen used by the ancients in writing. [L.--Gr.]

CALASH, ka-lash', _n._ a light low-wheeled carriage with a folding top: a silk and whalebone hood worn by ladies to shade the face. [Fr. _calèche_; of Slav. origin, as Bohem. _kolésa_, Russ. _koleso_, a wheel.]

CALAVANCE, kal'a-vans, _n._ a name for certain varieties of pulse.--Also CAR'AVANCE. [Sp. _garbanzo_, chickpea, said to be the Basque _garbantzu_.]

CALCANEUM, kal-k[=a]'n[=e]-um, _n._ a bone of the tarsus or ankle, forming in man the prominence of the heel, the _os calcis_: in birds, the hypotarsus.--_adjs._ CALC[=A]'NEAL, CALC[=A]'NEAN. [L., the heel--_calx_, the heel.]

CALCAR, kal'kar, _n._ (_bot._) a spur or spur-like projection, esp. from the base of a petal: (_anat._) an eminence in the lateral ventricles of the brain, the hippocampus minor or calcar avis.--_adjs._ CAL'CARATE; CALCAR'IFORM; CAL'CARINE. [L., a spur--_calx_, _calcis_, the heel.]

CALCAR, kal'kar, _n._ an oven or furnace for calcining the materials of frit before melting--also _Fritting-furnace_: an arch or oven for annealing.

CALCAREOUS, kal-k[=a]'re-us, _adj._ like or containing chalk or lime, whether waters, rocks, or soils.--_n._ CALC[=A]'REOUSNESS.--_adj._ CALCARIF'EROUS, better CALCIF'EROUS, containing lime. [L. _calcarius_, from _calx_, lime.]

CALCEAMENTUM, kal-s[=e]-a-men'tum, _n._ a red silk embroidered sandal forming part of the insignia of the Holy Roman Empire. [L.]

CALCED, kalst, _adj._ shod, wearing shoes--opp. to _Discalced_--of Carmelites.--_v.t._ CAL'C[=E]ATE, to shoe.--_adjs._ CAL'C[=E]ATE, -D, shod; CAL'C[=E]IFORM (_bot._), having the form of a slipper; CAL'C[=E]OLATE, calceiform. [Low L. _calceus_, a shoe--_calx_, _calcis_, the heel.]

CALCEOLARIA, kal-se-o-l[=a]'ri-a, _n._ a South American genus of _Scrophulariaceæ_, largely cultivated as half-hardy or greenhouse plants for the beauty and variety in colour of the two-lipped slipper-like flowers. [L. _calceolus_, dim. of _calceus_, a shoe.]

CALCIUM, kal'si-um, _n._ the metal present in chalk, stucco, and other compounds of lime.--_adjs._ CAL'CIC, containing calcium; CAL'CIFIC, calcifying or calcified.--_v.i._ CAL'CIFIC[=A]'TION, the process of calcifying, a changing into lime.--_adjs._ CAL'CIFORM, like chalk, pebbly; CALCIF'UGOUS, avoiding limestone.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ CAL'CIFY, to make calcic: to turn into bony tissue.--_adjs._ CALCIG'ENOUS, forming lime; CALCIG'EROUS, containing lime.--_n._ CAL'CIMINE, a white or tinted wash for ceilings, walls, &c., consisting of whiting, with glue, &c.--_v.t._ to wash with such.--_adj._ CAL'CINABLE, capable of being calcined.--_n._ CALCIN[=A]'TION.--_v.t._ CAL'CINE, or CALCINE', to reduce to a calx or chalky powder by the action of heat, to burn to ashes.--_v.i._ to become a calx or powder by heat.--_ns._ CAL'CITE, native calcium carbonate, or carbonate of lime--also called CALC[=A]'REOUS SPAR and CALC'SPAR; CALC'-SIN'TER, CALC'-TUFF, TRA'VERTIN, a porous deposit from springs or rivers which in flowing through limestone rocks have become charged with calcium carbonate. [Formed from L. _calx_, chalk.]

CALCOGRAPHY. See CHALCOGRAPHY.

CALCULATE, kal'k[=u]-l[=a]t, _v.t._ to count or reckon: to think out: to adapt, fit (only passive, with _for_): (_U.S._) to think, purpose.--_v.i._ to make a calculation: to estimate.--_adjs._ CAL'CULABLE; CAL'CULATING, given to forethought, deliberately selfish and scheming.--_n._ CALCUL[=A]'TION, the art or process of calculating: estimate: forecast.--_adj._ CAL'CUL[=A]TIVE, relating to calculation.--_n._ CAL'CUL[=A]TOR, one who calculates. [L. _calcul[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to reckon by help of little stones--_calculus_, dim. of _calx_, a little stone.]

CALCULUS, kal'k[=u]-lus, _n._ a stone-like concretion which forms in certain parts of the body: one of the higher branches of mathematics:--_pl._ CALCULI (kal'k[=u]-li).--_adj._ CAL'CULOSE, stony or like stone: gritty: affected with stone or with gravel.--CALCULUS OF FINITE DIFFERENCES not merely does not consider differentials, but does not assume continuity.--DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS, a method of treating the values of ratios of differentials or the increments of quantities continually varying; INTEGRAL CALCULUS, the summation of an infinite series of differentials. [L.--_calx_.]

CALDRON. Same as CAULDRON.

CALEDONIAN, kal-e-d[=o]'ni-an, _adj._ pertaining to _Caledonia_, or Scotland.--_n._ a Scotchman.

CALEFACTION, kal-e-fak'shun, _adj._ act of heating: state of being heated.--_adj._ CALEF[=A]'CIENT, warming.--_n._ anything that warms: a blister or superficial stimulant.--_adj._ CALEFAC'TIVE, communicating heat.--_n._ CALEFAC'TOR, a small stove.--_adj._ CALEFAC'TORY, warming.--_n._ a room in which monks warmed themselves: a warming-pan, a pome.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ CAL'EFY, to grow warm: to make warm.--_n._ CALES'CENCE, increasing warmth. [L.,--_cal[=e]re_, to grow hot, _fac[)e]re_, to make.]

CALENDAR, kal'en-dar, _n._ the mode of adjusting the natural divisions of time with respect to each other for the purposes of civil life: an almanac or table of months, days, and seasons, or of special facts, &c., as in the 'gardener's calendar,' &c.: a list of documents arranged chronologically with summaries of contents, as in 'calendar of state papers:' a list of canonised saints, or of prisoners awaiting trial: any list or record.--_v.t._ to place in a list: to analyse and index.--_ns._ CAL'ENDARER, CAL'ENDARIST. [O. Fr. _calendier_--L. _calendarium_, an account-book, _kalendæ_, calends.]

CALENDER, kal'en-d[.e]r, _n._ a press consisting of two rollers for smoothing and dressing cloth, paper, &c.: a person who calenders, properly a calendrer.--_v.t._ to dress in a calender.--_ns._ CAL'ENDERING; CAL'ENDRER, one whose business it is to calender cloth; CAL'ENDRY, a place where calendering is done. [Fr. _calandre_--L. _cylindrus_--L. _kylindros_.]

CALENDER, kal'en-d[.e]r, _n._ a word somewhat loosely used for dervish in Persia and Central Asia. [Pers.]

CALENDS, kal'endz, _n._ among the Romans, the first day of each month. [L. _Kalendæ_--_cal[)a]re_, Gr. _kalein_, to call, because the beginning of the month was proclaimed.]

CALENTURE, kal'en-t[=u]r, _n._ a kind of fever or delirium occurring on board ship in hot climates. [Fr. and Sp.--L. _calent-em_, _cal[=e]re_, to be hot.]

CALESCENCE. See CALEFACTION.

CALF, käf, _n._ the young of the cow and of some other animals, as marine mammals: calf-skin leather, bookbinding in such: a stupid or a cowardly person:--_pl._ CALVES (kävz).--_ns._ CALF'-LOVE, an attachment between a boy and girl; CALF'S'-FOOT, CALVES'-FOOT, the foot of the calf, used in making a palatable jelly; CALF'-SKIN, the skin of the calf, making a good leather for bookbinding and shoes.--DIVINITY CALF, a dark-brown calf bookbinding, with blind stamping, and without gilding--common in the binding of theological books; GOLDEN CALF, the idol set up by Aaron during the absence of Moses on Sinai, or those erected by Jeroboam at Bethel and Dan: worship of Mammon or wealth; HALF-CALF, a bookbinding in which the back and corners are in calf-skin; MOTTLED CALF, a light coloured bookbinding, decorated by the sprinkling of acid in drops; SMOOTH CALF, a binding in plain or undecorated calf leather.--THE CALVES OF OUR LIPS (Hosea, xiv. 2), an offering of praise (the Septuagint reads, 'The fruit of our lips').--TREE CALF, a bright brown calf bookbinding, stained by acids with a pattern resembling the trunk and branches of a tree. [A.S. _cealf_; Ger. _kalb_.]

CALF, käf, _n._ the thick fleshy part of the leg behind.--_adj._ CALF'LESS, with a thin, poor calf. [Ice. _kalfi_; perh. the same word as the preceding.]

CALIBAN, kal'i-ban, _n._ a man of beastly nature, from the monster in Shakespeare's _Tempest_.

CALIBRE, CALIBER, kal'i-b[.e]r, _n._ the size of the bore of a gun: diameter: intellectual capacity.--_adj._ CAL'IBERED.--_v.t._ CAL'IBR[=A]TE, to determine the calibre of.--_n._ CALIBR[=A]'TION. [Fr. _calibre_, the bore of a gun; prob. L. _qu[=a] libr[=a]_, with what weight, or from Ar. _q[=a]lib_, a form.]

CALICO, kal'i-k[=o], _n._ a cotton cloth, first brought from _Calicut_ in India: plain white unprinted cotton cloth, bleached or unbleached: coarse printed cotton cloth.--_adj._ made of calico: spotted--_n._ CAL'ICO-PRINT'ER, one employed in printing calicoes.

CALID, kal'id, _adj._ warm.--_n._ CALID'ITY. [L. _calidus_, hot.]

CALIF, CALIPH, k[=a]'lif, or kal'if, _n._ the name assumed by the successors of Mohammed.--_ns._ CAL'IFATE, CAL'IPHATE, the office, rank, or government of a calif. [Fr.--Ar. _khal[=i]fah_, a successor.]

CALIGINOUS, kal-ij'en-us, _adj._ dim, obscure, dark.--_n._ CALIGINOS'ITY. [L. _caliginos-us_.]

CALIGRAPHY. See under CALLIGRAPHY.

CALIPASH, kal'i-pash, _n._ the part of a turtle close to the upper shell, consisting of a fatty gelatinous substance of a dull greenish colour.--_n._ CAL'IPEE, the white portion from the belly--a fatty gelatinous substance of a light-yellowish colour. [Prob. corr. of West Ind. words.]

CALIPERS, kal'i-p[.e]rz, CALIPER-COMPASSES, kal'i-p[.e]r-kum'pasez, _n.pl._ compasses with legs suitable for measuring the inside or outside diameter of bodies. [Corr. of CALIBER.]

CALIPH, CALIPHATE. See CALIF.

CALIPPIC, kal-ip'ik, _adj._ four Metonic cycles less one day, or seventy-six years. [From the Greek astronomer _Callipus_, a contemporary of Aristotle.]

CALISAYA, kal-i-s[=a]'ya, _n._ a variety of Peruvian bark.

CALIVER, kal'i-v[.e]r, _n._ (_Shak._) a kind of light musket. [Same as CALIBRE.]

CALIX. See CALYX.

CALIXTIN, CALIXTINE, kal-iks'tin, _adj._ of or belonging to the more moderate party among the Hussites, so called from their demanding the cup (L. _calix_) as well as the bread for the laity--also called U'TRAQUISTS (L. _uterque_, both).--_n._ a follower of the Syncretist Lutheran divine, George _Calixtus_ (1586-1656).

CALK. See CAULK.

CALK, kawk, _n._ a pointed piece of iron on a horse-shoe to prevent slipping--also CALK'IN and CALK'ER.--_v.t._ to provide a shoe with a calk. [L. _calc-em_, _calx_, a heel.]

CALK, CALQUE, kawk, _v.t._ to chalk, as the back of a drawing, &c., in order to transfer it, to copy by tracing.--_n._ CALK'ING, the copying of a picture by means of tracing.

CALL, kawl, _v.i._ to cry aloud (with _out_; _to_, _after_, _at_, _up_, _down_): to make a short visit (with _upon_, _for_, _at_).--_v.t._ to name: to summon: to appoint or proclaim: to designate or reckon: to select for a special office, as in 'called to be an apostle,' 'to be called to the bar:' (_coll._) to call bad names to some one.--_n._ a summons or invitation: an impulse: a demand: a short visit: a shrill whistle: the cry of a bird: admission to the rank of barrister: an invitation to the pastorate of a congregation, also the written form of such with appended list of names of persons concurring: (_coll._) occasion, cause.--_ns._ CALL'-AT-LARGE, a form of pastoral call sometimes adopted by a presbytery where a congregation is not unanimous, in which the name of the person to be called is not inscribed beforehand, and names cannot be adhibited by mandate; CALL'-BIRD, a bird trained to allure others into snares; CALL'-BOY, a boy who waits upon the prompter in a theatre, and calls the actors when wanted on the stage; CALL'ER, one who pays a short visit; CALL'ING, that station to which a person is called by Providence to fill: one's trade, profession, or occupation; CALL'ING-CRAB, a popular name for the fiddler-crab, which waves its larger claw when disturbed; CALL'-NOTE, the note by which a bird or beast calls its young.--CALL ATTENTION TO, to point out; CALL AWAY, to divert the mind; CALL BACK, to recall; CALL FOR, to ask loudly: claim; CALL FORTH, to bring or summon to action; CALL FOR TRUMPS, to lay down such cards at whist as will induce one's partner to lead a trump; CALL IN, to bring in from outside, as the notes in circulation, &c.; CALL IN QUESTION, to challenge; CALL OFF, to summon away; CALL ON, or UPON, to invoke, appeal to; CALL OUT, to challenge to fight, esp. a duel: to summon to service, bring into operation; CALL OVER, to read aloud a list; CALL TO ACCOUNT, to summon to render an account; CALL UP, to summon from beneath, or to a tribunal. [A.S. _ceallian_; Ice. _kalla_, Dut. _kallen_.]

CALL, kawl, _n._ (_Spens._) a caul or cap.

CALLANT, käl'ant, _n._ a lad. [A modern Scotch word; Dut. _kalant_.]

CALLER, kal'[.e]r, _adj._ fresh: (_Scot._) cool. [Prob. the same as CALVER.]

CALLET, kal'et, _n._ (_Shak._) a scold, a woman of bad character, a trull. [Prob. Fr. _caillette_, a frivolous gossip; or prob. the Gael. _caille_, girl, may be related.]

CALLID, kal'id, _adj._ shrewd.--_n._ CALLID'ITY, shrewdness. [L. _callidus_, expert.]

CALLIGRAPHY, CALIGRAPHY, kal-lig'ra-fi, _n._ fine penmanship; characteristic style of writing.--_adjs._ CALLIGRAPH'IC, -AL.--_ns._ CALLIG'RAPHIST, CALLIG'RAPHER. [Gr., _kalos_, beautiful, _graphein_, to write.]

CALLIOPE, kal-[=i]'o-pe, _n._ the muse of epic poetry: an instrument producing musical notes by means of steam-whistles, played by a keyboard. [Gr.]

CALLIPERS. Same as CALIPERS.

CALLISTHENICS, kal-is-then'iks, _n.pl._ exercises for the purpose of promoting gracefulness as well as strength of body.--_adj._ CALLISTHEN'IC. [Gr. _kalos_, beautiful, _sthenos_, strength.]

CALLOUS, kal'us, _adj._ hardened: unfeeling or insensible.--_n._ CALLOS'ITY, a hard swelling on the skin.--_adv._ CALL'OUSLY.--_n._ CALL'OUSNESS. [L. _callosus_--_callus_, hard skin.]

CALLOW, kal'[=o], _adj._ not covered with feathers: unfledged, unbearded: inexperienced: low-lying and liable to be submerged.--_n._ an alluvial flat. [A.S. _calu_; Ger. _kahl_, L. _calvus_, bald.]

CALLUS, kal'us, _n._ a thickening of the skin: a term employed in old surgical works for the exuded material by which fractures of bones are consolidated together. [L.]

CALM, käm, _adj._ still or quiet: serene, tranquil.--_n._ absence of wind--also in _pl._: repose: serenity of feelings or actions.--_v.t._ to make calm: to quiet.--_ns._ CALM'ANT, CALM'ATIVE--in medical language.--_adjs._ CALM'ATIVE, CALM'ANT, CALMED, CALM'Y (_Spens._)--_adv._ CALM'LY.--_n._ CALM'NESS. [Fr. _calme_ (It. _calma_), from Low L. _cauma_--Gr. _kauma_, noonday heat--_kai-ein_, to burn.]

CALMUCK. See KALMUCK.

CALOMEL, kal'[=o]-mel, _n._ the popular name of one of the compounds of mercury and chlorine, much used in medicine. [Fr. _calomel_, which Littré derives from Gr. _kalos_, fair, _melas_, black.]

CALORIC, ka-lor'ik, _n._ heat: the supposed principle or cause of heat.--_n._ CALORES'CENCE, the transmutation of heat rays into luminous rays.--_adj._ CALORIF'IC, causing heat: heating.--_ns._ CALORIFIC[=A]'TION; CALORIM'ETER, an instrument for measuring the specific heat of a body; CALORIM'ETRY, the art or process of measuring heat; CAL'ORIST, one who held heat to be a subtle fluid called caloric; CAL'ORY, the usually accepted thermal unit, being the quantity of heat necessary to raise the temperature of a kilogram of water from 0° to 1° centigrade. [Fr. _calorique_, formed by Lavoisier from L. _calor_, heat.]

CALOTTE, kal-ot', _n._ a plain skull-cap or coif worn by R.C. clergy. [Fr.]

CALOTYPE, kal'[=o]-t[=i]p, _n._ a kind of photography.--_n._ CAL'OTYPIST, one who makes calotypes. [Gr. _kalos_, beautiful, _typos_, an image. Name given in 1840 by W. H. Fox Talbot (1800-77) to his method of photographing by the action of light on nitrate of silver.]

CALOYER, ka-loi'[.e]r, _n._ a Greek monk, esp. of the order of St Basil. [Fr.,--It.--Late Gr. _kalog[=e]ros_, _kalos_, beautiful, _g[=e]ros_, aged.]

CALP, kalp, _n._ the name applied in Ireland to beds of shale, sandstone, &c. containing thin seams of coal.

CALPAC, CALPACK, kal'pak, _n._ a triangular felt cap, worn by Turks and Tartars. [Turk.]

CALQUE. See CALK (3).

CALTROP, kal'trop, _n._ an instrument armed with four spikes, so arranged that one always stands upright, used to obstruct the progress of an enemy's cavalry, or of besiegers of a fortification.--Also CAL'TRAP. [A.S. _coltetræppe_, _calcatrippe_--L. _calc-em_, heel, _trappa_, a trap.]

CALUMBA, ka-lum'ba, _n._ the root of an East African plant, extensively used in medicine as a stomachic and tonic. [From _Colombo_ in Ceylon.]

CALUMET, kal'[=u]-met, _n._ the 'peace pipe' of the North American Indians, a tobacco-pipe having a stem of reed or painted wood about 2½ feet long, decorated with feathers, with a large bowl, usually of soap-stone. [_Calumet_ is a Norman name for a shepherd's pipe (Fr. _chalumeau_--L. _calamellus_, _calamus_), given by the early French settlers from its resemblance.]

CALUMNY, kal'um-ni, _n._ false accusation: slander.--_v.t._ CALUM'NI[=A]TE, to accuse falsely: to slander.--_v.i._ to spread evil reports.--_ns._ CALUM'NI[=A]TION; CALUM'NI[=A]TOR.--_adjs._ CALUM'NI[=A]TORY, CALUM'NIOUS, of the nature of calumny: slanderous.--_adv._ CALUM'NIOUSLY.--OATH OF CALUMNY, a method in the law of Scotland for the prevention of calumnious and unnecessary suits, by which both parties at the beginning of a cause swear, either by themselves or their counsel, that the facts set forth by them are true--usual only in actions of divorce, &c. [L. _calumnia_, prob. for _calvomnia_, from _calvi_, _calv[)e]re_, to deceive.]

CALVARY, kal'va-ri, _n._ the name of the place where Jesus was crucified: (_R.C._) a series of representations of the various scenes of Christ's crucifixion: an eminence crowned with one or three crosses bearing life-size figures of Jesus and the two thieves. [The Anglicised form of the Vulgate _calvaria_, which was the L. rendering of the Gr. _kranion_, as that again of the Aramaic _gogulth[=o]_ or _gogolth[=a]_ (Heb. _gulg[=o]leth_--Græcised form _golgotha_), all three words meaning skull.]

CALVE, käv, _v.i._ to bring forth a calf. [A.S. _cealfian_. See CALF.]

CALVERED, kal'verd, _p.adj._ from obsolete verb CAL'VER, to prepare salmon or other fish when freshly caught. [Prob. the same as Scot. _Caller_.]

CALVINISM, kal'vin-izm, _n._ the doctrines of the great Genevan religious reformer, John _Calvin_ (1509-1564), as these are given in his _Institutio_, esp. as regards particular election, predestination, the incapacity for true faith and repentance of the natural man, efficacious grace, and final perseverance.--_n._ CAL'VINIST, one who holds the doctrines of Calvin.--_adjs._ CALVINIST'IC, -AL, pertaining to Calvin or Calvinism.

CALVITIES, kal-vish'i-[=e]z, _n._ baldness. [L.,--_calvus_, bald.]

CALX, kalks, _n._ chalk or lime: the substance of a metal or mineral which remains after being subjected to violent heat:--_pl._ CALXES (kalk's[=e]z), or CALCES (kal's[=e]z). [L. _calx_, lime.]

CALYCANTHUS, kal-i-kan'thus, _n._ a small order of square-stemmed aromatic shrubs, natives of North America and Japan. [Made up of CALYX and Gr. _anthos_.]

CALYPTRA, ka-lip'tra, _n._ a hood, covering, esp. that of the theca or capsule of mosses.--_adjs._ CALYP'TRATE, furnished with such; CALYP'TRIFORM, CALYPTRIMOR'PHOUS, having the form of a calyptra.--_n._ CALYP'TROGEN, the root-cap. [Gr., a veil.]

CALYX, CALIX, kal'iks, or k[=a]'liks, _n._ the outer covering or cup of a flower, its separate leaves termed sepals:--_pl._ CALYCES, or CALYXES.--_adjs._ CAL'YCATE, having a calyx; CALYC[=I]F'EROUS, bearing the calyx; CALYCIFL[=O]'RAL, CALYCIFL[=O]'RATE, CALYCIFL[=O]'ROUS, having the petals and stamens borne upon the calyx; CALYC'IFORM, having the form of a calyx; CAL'YCINE, CALYC'INAL, pertaining to a calyx.--_n._ CAL'YCLE, an accessory calyx outside the true one.--_adjs._ CAL'YCLED, having a calycle; CAL'YCOID, CALYCOI'DEOUS, like a calyx. [L.,--Gr. _kalyx_--_kalyptein_, to cover.]

CAM, kam, _n._ (_mech._) a device for changing a regular rotary motion into a reciprocating motion, various forms of which are the cam-wheel and shaft, the heart-wheel, the wiper-wheel, and the eccentric. [Dut. _kam_.]

CAMAIEU, kam'[=i]-[=u], _n._ a cameo: a painting in monochrome, or in simple colours not imitating nature: a style of printing pictures producing the effect of a pencil-drawing.--Also CAM'AYEU. [Fr. See CAMEO.]

CAMARADERIE, kam-a-rad-r[=e]', _n._ good-fellowship: the intimacy of comradeship. [Fr.]

CAMARILLA, kam-ar-il'a, _n._ a body of secret intriguers, esp. of a court party against a king's legitimate ministers: a small room. [Sp. dim. of _camara_, a chamber.]

CAMASS, ka-mas', _n._ a small plant growing in the north-western United States, also its nutritious bulb.--_ns._ CAMASS'IA, a genus of liliaceous plants nearly related to the European _Scilla_; CAMASS'-RAT, a small gopher rodent which devours the bulbs of the camass.

CAMBER, kam'b[.e]r, _n._ a convexity upon an upper surface, as of a deck amidships, a bridge, or lintel: the curve of a ship's plank: a small dock in the royal yards where timber is loaded and discharged.--_v.t._ to curve ship-planks, to arch slightly. [Fr.--L. _camer[=a]re_, to vault.]

CAMBIST, kam'bist, _n._ one skilled in the science of exchange.--_ns._ CAM'BISM, CAM'BISTRY. [It--L. _camb[=i]re_, to exchange.]

CAMBERWELL BEAUTY, kam'ber-wel b[=u]'ti, _n._ (_Vanessa antiopa_) a fancy name for one of the largest and most beautiful of British butterflies.

CAMBIUM, kam'bi-um, _n._ a layer of vascular tissue formed between the wood and the bark of exogens, in which the annual growth is formed. [Low L.--_cambium_--L. _camb[=i]re_, to change.]

CAMBOGE, obsolete form of GAMBOGE.

CAMBREL, kam'brel, _n._ a bent piece of wood or iron on which butchers hang the carcasses of animals: the hock of a horse. [Prob. conn. with CAMBER.]

CAMBRIAN, kam'bri-an, _adj._ pertaining to _Cambria_ or Wales: Welsh: the name given by Sedgwick in 1836 to a group or series of sedimentary deposits which come next in order to the Archæan System.--_n._ an inhabitant of Cambria, or Wales. [Formed from _Cymry_, Welshmen, or _Cymru_, Wales.]

CAMBRIC, k[=a]m'brik, _n._ a kind of fine white linen, originally manufactured at _Cambrai_ in the French department of Nord.

CAMBUCA, kam-b[=u]'ka, _n._ a pastoral staff: a curved stick used in the game of pall-mall.--Also CAMBUT'TA. [Low L., of Celt. origin.]

CAME, k[=a]m, did come _pa.t._ of COME.