CHAPTER III.

POLAR EXPEDITIONS.

Bellinghausen, yet another Russian Explorer--Discovery of the islands of Traversay, Peter I., and Alexander I.--The Whaler, Weddell--The Southern Orkneys--New Shetland--The people of Tierra del Fuego--John Biscoe and the districts of Enderby and Graham-- Charles Wilkes and the Antarctic Continent--Captain Balleny-- Dumont d'Urville's expedition in the _Astrolabe_ and the _Zelee_-- Coupvent Desbois and the Peak of Teneriffe--The Straits of Magellan--A new post-office shut in by ice--Louis Philippe's Land--Across Oceania--Adelie and Clarie Lands--New Guinea and Torres Strait--Return to France--James Clark Rosset--Victoria . . . 321

II. THE NORTH POLE.

Anjou and Wrangell--The "polynia"--John Ross's first expedition-- Baffin's Bay closed--Edward Parry's discoveries on his first voyage--The survey of Hudson's Bay, and the discovery of Fury and Hecla Straits--Parry's third voyage--Fourth voyage--On the ice in sledges in the open sea--Franklin's first trip--Incredible sufferings of the explorers--Second expedition--John Ross--Four winters amongst the ice--Dease and Simpson's expedition . . . . . . 358

THE GREAT EXPLORERS OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY.