CHAPTER II.

THE EXPLORATION AND COLONIZATION OF AFRICA.

I. Peddie and Campbell in the Soudan--Ritchie and Lyon in Fezzan-- Denham, Oudney, and Clapperton in Fezzan, and in the Tibboo country--Lake Tchad and its tributaries--Kouka and the chief villages of Bornou--Mandara--A razzia, or raid, in the Fellatah country--Defeat of the Arabs and death of Boo-Khaloum--Loggan-- Death of Toole--En route for Kano--Death of Oudney--Kano-- Sackatoo--Sultan Bello--Return to Europe . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

II. Clapperton's second journey--Arrival at Badagry--Yariba and its capital Katunga--Boussa--Attempts to get at the truth about Mungo Park's fate--"Nyffe," Yaourie, and Zegzeg--Arrival at Kano-- Disappointments--Death of Clapperton--Return of Lander to the coast--Tuckey on the Congo--Bowditch in Ashantee--Mollien at the sources of the Senegal and Gambia--Major Grey--Caillie at Timbuctoo--Laing at the sources of the Niger--Richard and John Lander at the mouth of the Niger--Cailliaud and Letorzec in Egypt, Nubia, and the oasis of Siwah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85