CHAPTER IX.

THE REIGN OF VICTORIA (_continued_).

Gortschakoff clings to Sebastopol--Destruction of Taman and Fanagoria--Expedition to Kinburn--Resignation of Sir James Simpson--Explosion of French Powder Magazine--The Fleets in the Baltic--The Hango Massacre--Attack on Sveaborg--What the Baltic Fleet did--Russia on the Pacific Coast--Petropaulovski blown up--The Russian Position in Asia--The Turks left to their Fate--Foreigners in Kars--Defeat of Selim Pasha--Battle of Kuruk-Dereh--Colonel Williams sent to Kars--Mouravieff arrives--His Expeditions towards Erzeroum--The Blockade begins--The Assault of September 29th--Kmety's success--The Tachmasb Redoubt--Attack on the English Lines--Victory of the Turks--Omar's Relief fails--Sufferings of the Garrison--Williams capitulates--Terms of the Surrender 128