Cassell's History of England, Vol. 5 (of 8) From the Peninsular War to the Death of Sir Robert Peel

CHAPTER XXII.

Chapter 221,399 wordsPublic domain

THE REIGN OF VICTORIA (_continued_).

Events in England--The Budgets of 1848--Repeal of the Navigation Act--The Jewish Disabilities Bill--Election of Baron Rothschild by the City of London--He is refused the Oath--Election of Alderman Salomons--He takes his Seat in Spite of the Speaker--Action in the Court of the Exchequer--The Bill finally passed--Colonial Self-Government--Lord Palmerston's Foreign Policy censured by the House of Lords--The Don Pacifico Debate--Testimonial to Lord Palmerston--Peel's Last Speech--His Death--Testimony as to his Worth--Honours to his Memory 602

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

PAGE

The Garden at Hougomont 1

Napoleon I. 5

The Agents of Britain and Sweden signing the Treaty against Napoleon 8

Carlton House, London (1812) 9

Marshal Beresford 13

The Fusiliers at Albuera 17

The Conscription in France: recruiting for Napoleon's Wars 21

Assassination of Spencer Perceval 24

Marshal Soult 29

View of Washington from Arlington Heights 33

Invasion of Canada: Red Men on the War Path 36

Duel between the "Guerrière" and the "Constitution" 37

The Cossack's Challenge 41

The Retreat from Moscow 45

Retreat of the French from Russia 49

Napoleon abandoning his Army 53

Marshal Ney 56

Flight of King Joseph Buonaparte from Vittoria 57

Pampeluna 61

Bernadotte (King of Sweden) 65

Napoleon's Interview with Metternich 68

View in Dresden 69

The Palace of Fontainebleau 73

Attempt of the Cossacks to capture Napoleon at Brienne 77

Alexander I. 80

Napoleon signing his Abdication 81

Elba 85

The Congress of Vienna 88

Sir Thomas Picton 93

Waterloo Views 96

Marshal Blucher 97

The Battle of Waterloo 101

James Town, St. Helena 105

Napoleon on Board the "Bellerophon" 109

New Orleans 113

Capture of Murat 116

Lord Castlereagh 117

The Mob of Spenceans summoning the Tower of London 121

The "Nottingham Captain" and the Agitators at the "White Horse" 125

William Cobbett 129

Old Bailey, London, 1814 132

Beaus and Belles of the Regency Period 133

Gibraltar 137

Surrender of the Peishwa 140

The Mint, London 144

Sir Samuel Romilly 145

The Peterloo Massacre: Hussars charging the People 149

View of Cato Street, London, showing the Stable in which the Conspirators were captured 153

Surprise of the Cato Street Conspirators 156

Charles, Third Earl Stanhope 161

Costumes at the Beginning of George III.'s Reign 164

St. John's Episcopal Church, Princes Street, Edinburgh 168

Rowland Hill preaching to the Colliers of Kingswood 169

Jane Austen 173

Laurence Sterne 173

Samuel Richardson 173

Oliver Goldsmith 173

Tobias Smollet 173

Dr. Johnson reading the Manuscript of the "Vicar of Wakefield" 176

Dr. Johnson 177

David Garrick as Richard III. 181

Exterior of the Cottage at Alloway in which Burns was born 185

Interior of Burns's Cottage at Alloway (two views) 186

William Wordsworth 189

John Keats 189

Robert Burns 189

Percy Bysshe Shelley 189

Samuel Taylor Coleridge 189

Waterloo Bridge, London 192

Menai Suspension and Tubular Bridges 193

James Watt 197

Costumes at the end of George III.'s Reign 200

Sir Joshua Reynolds 201

Great Seal of George IV. 205

Queen Caroline entering the House of Lords 209

The Pavilion, Brighton 213

George IV. 217

Landing of George IV. at Howth 220

Lower Castle-Yard, Dublin 221

Sir Walter Scott 225

Dalkeith Palace 228

George IV. holding a Levee in Holyrood Palace 229

Verona 233

The Admiralty, London 240

George III.'s Library, British Museum 241

Scene in Dublin: Painting King William black 245

Mr. Huskisson 249

Election Meeting in Ireland 253

Lisbon 257

Lord Liverpool 260

Devonshire Villa, Chiswick 261

Battle of Navarino: the "Asia" engaging the Ship of the Capitan Bey and Mohurrem Bey 265

Lord Byron 269

The Clare Contest: Father Murphy leading his Tenants to the Poll 273

Daniel O'Connell 277

The Four Courts, Dublin 281

The Flight of Lawless 285

Scene at the "Surrender" Banquet in Derry 288

The Marquis of Anglesey 289

Lord Anglesey leaving Ireland: Scene at Kingstown 293

Apsley House, Hyde Park Corner, London 297

The Duke of Wellington's Duel with Lord Winchilsea 300

Lord Eldon 301

Captain Walpole Intercepting the Duke of Saldanha's Ships 305

Mr. Alexander's Levee in King's Bench Prison 309

Virginia Water 313

Revolution in Paris: Capture of the Hôtel de Ville 317

Lord Grey 321

Mob burning a Farm in Kent 325

O'Connell's House in Merrion Square, Dublin 328

Arrest of O'Connell 329

William IV. 333

Jedburgh Abbey 336

Great Seal of William IV. 337

Attack on Sir Charles Wetherell at Bristol 341

Clerkenwell Green, London 342

Earl Grey Street, Newcastle-on-Tyne 344

Lord Brougham 345

Coronation of William IV.: The Royal Procession 349

Scene in Ireland: Visit of the Tithe-Proctor 353

Mr. Stanley (afterwards 14th Earl of Derby) 357

The Cathedral, Tuam 360

Agricultural Labourers at the Period of the First Reform Parliament 361

Mr. (afterwards Lord) Macaulay 365

Slavery Emancipation Festival in Barbadoes 369

Kennington Common, London, about 1840 373

Burning of the Houses of Parliament 377

Lord Althorp (3rd Earl Spencer) 381

Lichfield House, St. James's Square, London 384

Sir Robert Peel 385

The Mansion House, London 389

Conference between the Houses of Parliament, 1835 393

Irish Prisoners liberated during Lord Mulgrave's Progress 397

Joseph Hume 401

Irish Tramps 405

British Line-of-Battle Ships (1836) 408

Ripon Cathedral 409

Deputation of Constitutionalists before the Queen of Portugal 413

Arrival of the Mail Coach 417

Bell's "Comet" 420

Sir James Mackintosh 421

The Overland Route: Scene at Boulak 425

Dr. Chalmers 429

Joseph Mallord William Turner 432

Abbotsford and the Eildon Hills 433

St. George's Cathedral, Southwark 436

Thomas Moore 437

The Duke of Wellington at Almack's 440

Rotten Row in 1830 441

Niagara Falls 445

The Capture of the _Caroline_ 449

The Coronation of Queen Victoria 453

Chartists at Church 457

Buckingham Palace, from the Garden 461

Sir Rowland Hill, 1847 465

Marriage of Queen Victoria 473

Attack on the Chinese Junks 477

Queen Victoria 480

Dunford, near Midhurst, where Cobden was born 481

The Mob boarding the Grain Ship at Garry Kennedy 485

Richard Cobden 489

Seizure of Sir William Macnaghten 493

Arrival of Dr. Brydon at Jelalabad 497

Rescue of the British Prisoners from Akbar Khan 501

Whitehall Gardens, London 505

Capt. Thomas Drummond, Under-Secretary for Ireland 509

Free Trade Hall, Manchester 513

Charles Pelham Villiers 517

Maynooth College 521

The Great Seal of Victoria 525

O'Connell at the Meeting at Trim 528

Sir James Graham 529

O'Connell returning Home from Prison 533

Father Mathew and the Famine-stricken Poor 537

Father Mathew 540

On board an Emigrant Ship at the time of the Irish Famine 541

Fighting at the Barricades in Paris 545

Louis Philippe hears of the Revolution 549

Louis Blanc 553

Somerset House, London (River Front) 557

Trinity College, Dublin 561

Muster of the Irish at Mullinahone 565

Smith O'Brien 569

The Queen at Kilmainham Hospital 573

Frankfort 576

Louis Kossuth 577

Assassination of Count Lamberg 581

Giuseppe Garibaldi 584

Pius IX. quitting the Vatican in Disguise 585

The Chandni Chowk, Delhi 589

The Charge of the Cavalry at Meeanee 593

Thackwell at Sobraon 596

Arrival of the Maharajah Dhuleep Singh at the British Camp 601

Benjamin Disraeli 604

Arrest of British Sailors by Greek Soldiers 605

COLOURED PLATES.

THE FORLORN HOPE AT BADAJOS. (_By Vereker M. Hamilton_) _Frontispiece_

PRISONERS OF WAR. (_By W. F. Yeames, R.A._) _To face p._ 18

MEN OF WAR OFF PORTSMOUTH. (_By Clarkson Stanfield, R.A._) " 34

THE FLIGHT OF THE FRENCH THROUGH VITTORIA, JUNE 21ST, 1813. (_By Robert Hillingford_) " 58

MAP OF THE STATES OF EUROPE IN 1815. " 87

QUATRE BRAS. (_By Vereker M. Hamilton_) " 97

THE BATTLE OF WATERLOO: FRENCH CUIRASSIERS CHARGING A BRITISH SQUARE. (_By P. Jazet_) " 98

ON THE ROAD FROM WATERLOO TO PARIS. (_By Marcus Stone, A.R.A._) " 102

ON THE EVENING OF THE BATTLE OF WATERLOO. (_By Ernest Crofts, R.A._) " 113

A VILLAGE HOLIDAY OF THE OLDEN TIME. (_By F. Goodall, R.A._) " 157

A HUNDRED YEARS AGO. (_By George Wright_) " 194

A VILLAGE MERRYMAKING. (_By W. P. Frith, R.A._) _To face p._ 200

THE CORONATION OF GEORGE IV. (_By Pugin and Stephanoff_) " 214

SOLICITING A VOTE. (_By R. W. Buss_) " 250

THE FIRST GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE FREE CHURCH OF SCOTLAND. (_By D. O. Hill, R.S.A._) " 429

THE "FIGHTING TÉMÉRAIRE" TUGGED TO HER LAST BERTH TO BE BROKEN UP. (_By J. M. W. Turner, R.A._) " 441

THE QUEEN'S FIRST COUNCIL. (_By Sir David Wilkie, R.A._) " 444

QUEEN VICTORIA IN THE CORONATION ROBES, 1838. (_By C. R. Leslie, R.A._) " 449

H.R.H. PRINCE ALBERT. (_By F. X. Winterhalter_) " 466

RECEPTION OF LOUIS PHILIPPE BY QUEEN VICTORIA. (_By F. X. Winterhalter_) " 524

AN IRISH EVICTION. (_By F. Goodall, R.A._) " 569

CASSELL'S

ILLUSTRATED HISTORY OF ENGLAND.