CHAPTER XVI.

THE REIGN OF GEORGE III. (_continued_).

Invasion of Holland by Dumouriez--He is defeated at Neerwinden and goes over to the Enemy--Second Partition of Poland--The Campaign in the Netherlands--And on the Rhine--The English Fleets in the Channel and West Indies--Siege of Toulon--First appearance of Napoleon Buonaparte--Fall of Lyons--The Reign of Terror--Insurrection in La Vendée--Its brutal Suppression--Worship of the Goddess of Reason--Opposition to the War in England--Prosecutions for Sedition--Trials in Scotland--Discussions on the subject in Parliament--Arrests of Horne Tooke, Thelwall, Hardy, and others--Battle of the First of June--The War in the West Indies--Annexation of Corsica--The Campaign of 1794--The Prussian Subsidy--Successes of Pichegru against the Austrians--The Struggle for the Sambre--Loss of Belgium--Danger of Holland--The War in the South--The Reign of Terror continues--The Festival of the Supreme Being--Death of Robespierre and his Associates--The Thermidorians--Final extinction of Poland--The Portland Whigs join the Ministry--Trials of Hardy, Horne Tooke, and their Associates--Opening of Parliament--The Budget--Attempts at Reform--Marriage of the Prince of Wales--His Allowance--The French occupy Holland--It becomes a Republic--Prussia and Spain leave the Coalition, but the War continues--Campaigns on the Rhine and in Italy--The War in La Vendée and in Brittany--The Expedition from England planned--Destruction of the Expedition at Quibéron--Extinction of the War in La Vendée--Establishment of the Directory--Attack on George the Third--The Budget--Pitt's first Negotiations for Peace--Failure of Lord Malmesbury's Mission--Successes in the West Indies and Africa--Expedition to Bantry Bay--The Campaign of 1796--Retreat of the French--Napoleon's Italian Campaign--The Battles of Arcole--A new British Loan--Suspension of Cash Payments--Grievances of the Seamen--Mutiny at Portsmouth--Its Pacification--Mutiny at the Nore--Descent on the Welsh Coast--Campaign of 1797--Preliminaries of Leoben--Treaty of Campo Formio--Lord Malmesbury's Mission to Lille 418