Chapter 31

Papineau, Louis J., Canadian Reformer, 339; career of, 339, 351, 352, 357, 368; portrait of, 341 Paris, Treaty of, 264, 265 Parlby, Irene, 479 Parliament, House at Quebec, in 1792, 305; at Newark, 306, 307; burned at Montreal in 1849, 370; view of, at Ottawa, 427; constitution of Canadian, 428; at Ottawa burned, 468; rebuilt, 472 Peary, Admiral, 464 Peltrie, Madame de la, 131, 132 Pemaquid, Fort, 213 Pension Bill, 470 Pepperrell, General, 215, 216 Perrot, Nicholas, 176, 177 Phipps, Admiral, attacks Quebec, 199-201 Pitt (Chatham), 240, 241 Poets of French Canada, 450 Pontgravé, 43, 49 Pontiac, Ottawa chief, 270, 271; his war against English, 271-274; death of, 274 Population of Canada; (in 1757), 225; (1792), 303; (1812), 320; (1838), 358; (1861), 366; French population, 358, 425 Port Arthur, 478 Port Royal, founded, 52, 54; destroyed by Argall, 64; restored, 99; taken by Nicholson, 206; called Annapolis Royal, _ib._; its present aspect, 52 Postage reform, 432 Pouchot, 247 Poundmaker, Indian chief, 395, 398 Poutrincourt, Baron de, founds Port Royal, 54; career of, in America, 53-61; death of, 66 Prescott Gate, 305, 307 Presqu'isle (Erie), 223, 247 Prevost, General, Canadian governor, military incapacity of, 325, 332 Prince of Wales, 472 Prince Edward Island (St. Jean), 5, 243, 244; separated from Nova Scotia, 302; enters Confederation, 403. _See_ Charlottetown Privy Council. _See_ Judicial Committee Proclamation of 1763, 274, 275 Procter, General, 324, 327 Progressive Party, 474 Prohibition, 458, 473 Protective policy, 458

Quebec Act of 1774, 276-279 Quebec Bridge, 470 Quebec, city of, 1-3; named, 70; founded, 70; taken by Kirk, 88; besieged by Phipps, 199-201; by Wolfe, 248-257; plan of siege of 1759, 251; surrender of, 258; besieged by Lévis, 262; by Arnold and Montgomery, 284-286; view of, in 1760, 270; in 1896, 434. _See_ Château St. Louis Quebec Conference of 1864, Confederation proposed, 372 Quebec, province of, 8, 9; enters Confederation, 374 Queylus, Abbé, 157, 158

Radisson, Sieur, 17 Railways in Canada, 366, 367 Rale, Sebastian, missionary in Acadia, 212 Ramesay, M. de, in Acadia, 219; surrenders Quebec, 258 Razilly, Isaac de, in Acadia, 97-99 Rebellion Losses, Riots of 1849, 369, 370 Rebellions in Canada; of 1837-38, in Lower Canada, 338-343, 351, 353-357; in Upper Canada, 344-351, 353-355; in the Northwest (1869), 387-392; (1885), 393-400 Reciprocity Treaty, 376 Recollets or Franciscans, 80, 81, 89 Red River settlement (Assiniboia), 384-387; insurrection at (1869-70), 387-392. _See_ Riel Republican ideas, 462 Responsible Government in Canada, 361-365; in Nova Scotia, 362-364; in New Brunswick, 364; in P. E. Island, _ib._; in British Columbia, 405; famous advocates of, 364, 365 Revenue and Expenditure of Canada, 425 Revolution, American. _See_ American Revolution Richardson, Major, Canadian author, 271 Richelieu, Cardinal, 86 Richelieu River, 72, 73 Riel, Louis, rebels against Canada in 1869-70, 388; in 1885, 393-400; execution of, 379 Roberval, Jean François de la Roque, 45, 46 Robinson, Chief Justice, 344 Robinson, Christopher, 298 Roche, Marquis de la, 47 Rogers, Major Robert, 269 Rolph, Dr. John, Canadian Reformer, 353 Roman Catholics of Canada, freed from civil disabilities, 278 Root, Mr. Elihu, 430 Royal Mint, 468 _Royal William_, first steamship to cross Atlantic, 358 Rupert's Land, 381; history of, under fur traders, 381-386; part of Dominion, 387. _See_ Northwest of Canada Ryerson, Egerton, 350, 368 Ryswick, Treaty of, 204

St. Alban's Bank, raid on, 377 Saint-Castin, Baron de, in Acadia, 171, 172 St. Croix, Island of, in Acadia, 53, 54 St. Croix River, 36 St. Foy, Battle of, 262 St. Ignace, mission of, attacked by Iroquois, 142 St. John River, 53; La Tour's fort on, 99, 103 St. Joseph, mission of, attacked by Iroquois, 142 St. Lawrence River, discovery of, 34, 35; valley of, 8; mountains of, _ib._ St. Lawrence, deepening of canals, 418, 419 St. Louis, Château. _See_ Château St. Louis Saint-Lusson, Sieur, in the West, 177 St. Pierre and Miquelon, Isles of, 266 St. Sacrément, Lac du (Lake George), 137 Ste. Anne de Beaupré, Canadian Lourdes, 439, 440; view of church at, 441 Ste. Marie, Jesuit mission, 141, 143, 145 Saguenay River, 35 Salaberry, Colonel de, at Chateaugay, 328; portrait of, 329 Salle, Sieur de la, in the West, 183-188; on the Mississippi, 188, 189; assassination of, 190; autograph and portrait of, 185 "Sam Slick." _See_ Haliburton San Juan difficulty, 375 Saskatchewan River, Riel's rebellion in district of, 393-400; monument on, 400 Sault-au-Matelot, 286 Sault Ste. Marie, 177, 223 Saunders, Dr. Chas. E., 463 Schools. _See_ Education Schultz, Dr., at Red River, 390 Scott, Thomas, murdered by Riel, 390, 391 Secord, Laura, her courage, 326 Seigniorial Tenure, 87, 165; abolition of, 367 Selkirk, Lord, on the Red River, 384; death of, 385 Selkirk Range, 16, 17 Senate of Canada, 428 Senecas, division of the Iroquois Confederation, 118. _See_ Iroquois Shipbuilding, 421 Shirley, General, 231 Sillery, 133 Simcoe, General, lieutenant-governor of Upper Canada, 306, 309-311; portrait of, 311 Six Nations. _See_ Iroquois Smith, Sir Donald, at Red River, 390 Smith, Mary E., 479 Souriquois. _See_ Micmacs South African War, 432-433 Stadacona (Quebec), 36 "Starved Rock" on the Illinois, 189 Stoney Creek, battle of, 325 Strachan, Bishop, 342, 347; portrait of, _ib._ Strathcona, Lord, 465 Strange, Colonel, 397 Stefansson, Vilhjalmur, 464 Sulpicians in Canada, 133, 136, 157, 158 Sulte, Benjamin, French Canadian author, 448 Sydenham, Lord. _See_ Thomson, Poulett

Taché, Archbishop, 390, 391 Talbot, Thomas, 310 Talon, J. Baptiste, Canadian Intendant, 157, 168 Tariff, revision of, 415; war with Germany, 415; British preference, 415, 416; commercial treaty with France, 416 Tecumseh, Indian Chief, 322, 327 Temple, Sir Thomas, in Acadia, 108 Thayendanegea. _See_ Brant, Joseph Thompson, Sir John, Canadian premier, 324, 415, 458 Thomson, Poulett (Lord Sydenham), Canadian governor, 361, 362 Ticonderoga (Carillon), Fort, 222, 248, 434 Tilley, Sir Leonard, Canadian statesman a founder of confederation, 412 Titles, 462 Tobacco Nation (Tionotates), 117, 144 Touty, Henry de (of the copper hand), 186, 188, 208 Toronto (Fort Rouillé), 222, 247; first known as York, 309; University of, 347 Tracy, Marquis de, Canadian viceroy, 152, 155 Trapper, Canadian, 173 Trinity, Cape, 9 Trinity College at Toronto, founded, 347 Tupper, Sir Charles, Canadian statesman, 298, 368; a founder of confederation, 373, 412, 415, 464, 465 Turner, Mr. George, 430 Tuscaroras. _See_ Iroquois.

Union Act of 1840, 361-368 United Farmers' Organization, 474 United States, population of, in 1812, 316; relations of Canada with, from 1840 to 1867, 379; present relations, 429 Universities, 347 Upper Canada. _See_ Ontario. _Upper Canada Gazette_, first Upper Canadian newspaper, 315 Ursulines, convent of, 131 Utrecht, Treaty of, 208

Varennes, 202 Vaudreuil, Marquis de, Canadian governor, 229; at siege of Quebec, 248, 252, 256; capitulates at Montreal, 264; death of, 268 Verchères, Magdeleine de, her heroism, 202 Vérendryes, the, in the West, 381; reach Rockies, 382; on the Red and Assiniboine Rivers, 384 Verrazano, Giovanni da, 26, 27 Versailles, Peace of, 461, 464 Victoria Bridge, 367 _Victories, Notre-Dame des_, at Quebec, 2, 201, 207 Vignau, Nicholas, deceives Champlain, 77, 98 _Ville-Marie_. _See_ Montreal Vinland, Norse discovery, 20 Von Egmond, Colonel, during rebellion of 1836, 353, 354

Walker, Admiral Hovenden, 207 War of 1812-15, causes of, 316, 320; patriotism of Canadians during, 320-322; capitulation of Hull, 322; Battle of Queenston Heights, _ib._; Procter's victory over Winchester, 324; taking of York (Toronto), _ib._; American successes on Niagara frontier in 1813, 325; Stoney Creek, _ib._; Mrs. Secord's exploit, 326; Fitzgibbon's success at De Ceu's, 326; English defeat on Lake Erie, 327; Procter's defeat at Moraviantown, _ib._; Chrystler's farm, 328; Chateauguay, 328; American outrage at Niagara, 330; English retaliate, 330, 335; Riall's defeat, 331; Lundy's Lane, _ib._; Prevost's defeat on Lake Champlain, and retreat from Plattsburg, 332; naval fights, 334; peace, 335; effect of, on Canada, 335, 336; conspicuous Canadian actors during, 336, 337; monuments of, 333, 336, 337 War Savings Certificates, 469 Washington, George, at Fort Necessity, 224 Washington, Treaty of, 1871, 324; Minister at, 473 Water-power, 476 Whelan, Edward, Canadian journalist, 406 Willcocks, Joseph, Canadian agitator, 314, 320 William Henry, Fort, 222, 238 Williams, Colonel, his gallantry at Batoche (1885) 397; death of, _ib._; portrait of, 309 Wilmot, Lemuel A., Canadian statesman, 364; portrait of, 371 Winnipeg, 14, 315, 382, 392; riots, 470 Wolfe, General James, 242; at Louisbourg, 242; at Quebec, 250-256; wins Canada for England, 256, 257; death of, 257; character of, 260; monuments to, 259, 261; portrait of, 249 Wolseley, Lord, leads British forces against Riel in 1870, 391 Women's Conference, 478 Women's Suffrage, 458, 479 Wyandots (Hurons), 144

York, Duke and Duchess of, 460 York. _See_ Toronto Yukon, the, discovery of gold in, 430