Part 15

When the prince saw the enemy closing in upon his broken host, he may have hesitated whether he should not stand and meet death, sword in hand; but his friends took hold of his horse’s bridle and turned it from the field. With few attendants he rode to Castle Downie, the residence of Lord Lovat. On seeing the prince a fugitive, the crafty old man felt the ground trembling under his own feet; so the prince had only a hasty meal, and again rode on. He passed by Invergarry into the West Highlands; there, and in the Western Isles, he was for over five months a hunted outlaw. Government offered a reward of £30,000 for his capture; yet, although one time and another hundreds knew of his whereabouts, not one of these grasped at this, to them, fabulous amount, through treachery. But the soldiery and unfriendly clansmen were vigilantly on the outlook.

The prince had, in his wanderings, gone to the outer Hebrides, and was lodged in a forester’s hut, in a cleft of the hills. General Campbell landed at South Uist to make a minute search of the islands. The MacDonalds of Skye were also there, engaged in the same task,—a hunt- party of two thousand men. We can imagine the avidity of the search—the warrant for a huge fortune might be found under any bracken bush on the hillside,—within any clump of trees, or beneath any overhanging cliff. When escape seemed impossible, a woman’s compassion and a woman’s wit came to the rescue.

No feminine name is in Scotland more honoured or awakens higher thoughts of courage and devotion than that of Flora MacDonald. She belonged to the MacDonalds who were inimical to the prince, and was—when she came to know of his straits—on a visit to the house of Sir Alexander MacDonald. But she boldly asked the chief for a passport for herself, a man- servant, and a maid-servant, to enable her to visit relatives in a neighbouring island. The prince, dressed up as maid “Bridget,” shewed awkward enough, but without detection the party reached the house of MacDonald of Kingsburgh, to whom Flora was afterwards married. From there the prince again reached the mainland.

Here he had, in a closely-watched district, several hair-breadth escapes, and found that misery _does_ acquaint a man with strange bedfellows! One refuge was a robber’s cave, the other occupants being outlawed cattle-stealers. They knew the prince, and treated him with the same loyal respect as, ten months previously, had been shewn him in the halls of Holyrood. He was at length able to join Lochiel and other outlawed adherents. Friends along the coast were watching for a French vessel. One appearing on September 20th, nearly a hundred persons were safely embarked. The prince is described as looking like the spectre of his former self,—pale, haggard, and ragged. But his companions received him with bonnets doffed and loyal salutations. Although chased by an English cruiser, the vessel got safely to Marlaix, in Brittany.

Index.

Aberdeen, Old, 152; Candlemas procession in, 153; reception of James IV. in, 153; church utensils, public sale of, 156; English players in, 157; early closing of taverns at, 158; fines for non-attendance at church, 158; trials for witchcraft in, 164

_Act of Security_, The, 272

Administration of effects, Provisions for the, 149

Agricola in Britain, 4

Alaric takes Rome, 10

Alexander III., King, 41

Alfred, King, Danish conflicts of, 39

Angles give their name to South Britain, 19

Anglican Church, Origin of the, 88

Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy, The, 21

Anne, Queen, reign of, 272; her domestic history, 279; favours the Pretender, 280; her death, 281

Argyle, Earl of, sentenced to death, 231; his insurrection, 240; execution of, 241

Argyle, Marquis of, his execution, 212

Arminius defeats the Romans, 10

Assembly, General, in Glasgow, 182

Assembly of Divines in Westminster, 192

Athelstane, King, 41

Augustine, Mission of, 22

Baliol nominated King by Edward I., 65

Barons’ sons, The education of, 114

Battle of Bannockburn, 71

” Brunanberg, 41

” Culloden, 299

” Drumclog, 223

” Dunbar, 200

” Falkirk, 297

” Hastings, 53

” Killiecrankie, 261

” Prestonpans, 292

” Sedgemoor, 237

” Sheriff-muir, 283

” Stamford Bridge, 53

” The Standard, 58

” Worcester, 203

Beaton, Cardinal, Murder of, 90

Berwick, The Duke of, 282

Bishops, Seven, Arrest and Trial of, 250

Bishops, _Tulchan_, in Scotland, 179

“Black Watch,” Composition of the, 289

“Bloody Assize,” The, 238

Boadicea, Queen, defeated by the Romans, 4

Boot, Torture of the, 218

Borders, The, long disorderly, 77

Bothwell Bridge, Battle of, 225; cruel treatment of prisoners taken at, 227

_Bretwalda_, an Anglo-Saxon dignity, 21

Britain, Invasion of, by Julius Cæsar, 1; the second invasion and conquest, 3; as a Roman province, 12; the Roman evacuation, 16; barbarian raids on, 17; the Anglo-Saxons in, 19; Danish invasions of, 38

British Churches, Ancient, differences between, 24

Brown, John, Cruel murder of, 228

Bruce, Robert, his contest for the crown, 68; his army before Stirling, 69; his victory at Bannockburn, 72

Burgh Court of Dundee, old records of, 134; justice done in the, 135; assumed powers of life and death, 141

Cæsar, Julius, Invasion of Britain by, 2

Caledonians, The, 5

Candlemas procession in Aberdeen, 153

Canongate, The, its old memories, 124

Canute, The Danish King, 46

Caractacus defeated by the Romans, 4

Catholic church utensils, Sale of, 156

Catholic conversions under James II., 245

Catholic worship, Stringent laws against, 116

Celtic Language, The, 9

Celts, Origin of the, 27

Channel, Revolution expedition in the, 254

Charles I., Scotland under, 178; endeavours to subvert Presbyterianism, 179; his game of _Thorough_, 184; at war with Parliament, 191; joins the Scottish army, 195; given up to Parliamentary army, 196; at Carisbrook Castle, 197

Charles II. signs the Covenant, 199; is crowned at Scone, 201; defeated at Worcester, 203; the Restoration, 211; Scotland under, 213; establishes Episcopacy, 214; his death, 235

Charles Edward, Prince, lands in Scotland, 290; in Edinburgh, 291; in Derby, 293; at Culloden, 298; wanderings and escape, 302

Charles XII. of Sweden designs invading Britain, 287

Churches, Ancient British, 24

Civilization, Modern turning point in, 85

Civil War, The, 191

Claverhouse, Graham of, 223; defeated at Drumclog, 224; his cruel revenge, 226; raises Highland clans in Jacobite cause, 260; his death at Killiecrankie, 262

Columba settles in Iona, 32

Commission to discuss terms of Union, 273

Constantius, The Emperor, 7

Constantine, The Emperor, 8

Conversion of the Anglo-Saxons, 22

Conversion of the Picts, 33

Cope, Sir John, defeated at Prestonpans, 292

“Covenant,” Origin of the, 91

Covenanters at Rullion Green, 217; at Drumclog, 223; at Bothwell Bridge, 225; persecutions of, 227; martyrs’ monument in Greyfriars’ churchyard, 247

Cromwell in Scotland, 199; wins battle of Dunbar, 200; Scotland under, 206; his latter days, 207; his character, 207

Culdees, The, 33

Culloden, The Rebel army at, 298; the battle, 299; atrocities after the battle, 300

Cumberland, Duke of, follows retreat of Rebel army from Derby, 294; marches against the Rebels, 297; wins battle of Culloden, 299; his savagery, 300

Cures from holy wells, 167

Dalrida, Scoto, Kingdom of, 31

Dalziel persecutes the Covenanters, 216

Danish invasions of Britain, The, 38

Darien Scheme, The, 270; ends in disaster, 271

Darnley, Lord, marries Queen Mary, 107; his murder, 108

David I., King, 58

Declaration of Indulgence, The, 248

Declaration of Rights, The, 258

“Defender of the Faith,” Title of, 87

Derby, March of Rebels to, 293; retreat from, 294

Derwentwater, Earl of, raises a rebellion, 283

Dress regulations in Sixteenth Century, 150

Druidism in Britain, 13

Drumclog, Battle of, 223

Drummond, Sir William, 83; his welcome of Charles I. to Edinburgh, 178

Drunkenness, Punishments for, 145

Dunbar, Battle of, 200

Dunbar’s description of pageant in Aberdeen, 153

Duncan, King, 55

Dundee, History of Old, 134; Burgh Court records, 135; offences and punishments, 136; stormed by General Monk, 204

Dunottar Castle, Siege of, 128

Edgar the Peaceable, 42

Edinburgh, Old, 111; a picturesque city, 112; early history of, 112; provisions against fire, 113; early schools, 114; after Flodden, 114; Mary’s entrance into, 117; quarrel of James VI. with, 120; James revisits, 122; resistance to episcopacy in, 182; occupied by Prince Charles Edward, 292

Edinburgh Castle, 126; an ancient royal residence, 127; the regalia in, 127

Edward, King, the elder, 40

Edward the Confessor, 48

Edward I., arbitrator on claims to Scottish crown, 64; decides for Baliol, 65; conquers Scotland, 66; his death, 68

Edward II. invades Scotland, 69; is defeated at Bannockburn, 71

Effects, Administration of, 149

Elizabeth becomes Queen of England, 105; her hatred of Mary, 106; causes Mary’s execution, 109; comparison of the two queens, 109

Ella, Landing of, 19

Emma, Queen, 46

England and Scotland, Strained relations between, 273; Union of, 276

English, Preparation against attacks by the, 155

English Reformation, Causes of the, 86

English and Scottish Churches, Difference between, 90

English and Scottish Parliaments, Different constitution of, 74

Episcopacy introduced into Scotland by Charles I., 179

Ethelbert, Conversion of, 22

Ethelred the Unready, 44

Falkirk, Battle of, 299

Feudalism in Britain, 73

Field-preaching in Scotland, 214

Folk-speech, Scottish, 84

Foster, Mr., heads a Jacobite rising, 283

Gaelic language, The, 29

Geddes, Jenny, throws her stool, 180

George I., Accession of, 281

Glasgow, General assembly in, 182; fined by Prince Charles Edward, 296

Glencoe, Massacre of, 264; resolution on by the Scottish estates, 269

Godwin, Earl, 48; his banishment, 49; his return, 50

Graham of Claverhouse, 223

Grampians, Battle of the, 5

Halley, General, defeated at Falkirk, 297

“Hand-fasting” in Scotland, 173

Hardicanute, King, 47

Harold, Earl, maltreated by William of Normandy, 50; his high character, 51; chosen king, 52; defeats the Norsemen at Stamford Bridge, 53; defeated and slain at Hastings, 54

Hastings, Battle of, 54

Henry VIII., his domestic history, 86; his evil character, 87; effects the English Reformation, 88; demands Mary for his son’s wife, 102

Heptarchy, The Anglo-Saxon, 21

Heresy (Lutheran), Act of Parliament against, 155

Highlanders mode of fighting, 261; advance into England, 293; in retreat, 294

“Highland Host, The,” 220

Highlands long disorderly, 76; under General Wade, 289

Holyrood, History of, 129; Queen Mary’s apartments in, 130; gallery of ancient kings in, 35; the church, 132

Holy Wells in Scotland, 166; associated with certain saints, 167; pilgrimages to, 167; at St. Fillans, 168; at Musselburgh, 168; at Muthill near Crieff, 169; at Strathnaven, 169; at Spa near Aberdeen, 170; pilgrimages to denounced by the Strathbogie Presbytery, 170

Ill-fame, Houses of, forbidden, 148

Images in churches, Demolition of, 99

Immorality, Penalties for, 145

Indulgence, Declaration of, 248

Inverness occupied by the rebels, 297

Iona, Historical importance of, 33

Ireland, The old races in, 30; Patrick’s mission in, 32

Irish troops in London, 252

Jacobite risings in 1715, 279

James I., his high character, 78; a poet, 82; his wise laws, 113

James III. patronises poets, 129

James IV. and Sir David Lindsay, 130; his entry with his queen into Edinburgh, 114; into Aberdeen, 153

James V. dying at Mary’s birth, 102

James VI., proclaimed king, 118; supposed to be under witchcraft, 161; quarrels with Edinburgh, 120; becomes James I. of England, 122; revisits Edinburgh, 123; his method of arguing with the Puritans, 185

James, Duke of York, fights the Dutch at sea, 236; in Scotland, 230; as king attempts to re-establish popery, 242; issues the declaration of indulgence, 248; sends seven bishops to the Tower, 249; has a son born, 250; retracts unpopular measures, 253; his flight, 255; his throne declared vacant, 257; Scotland under, 246

James the Pretender joins the rising of 1715, 284; makes arrangements for his coronation, 284; deserts his adherents, 286

Jeffreys, the infamous Judge, 232, 238

Jougs, The, 149

Justice, Good, done in Burgh Courts, 135

Jutes first landing in Britain, 17

Kenneth Macalpine, King of Scots, 36

Killiecrankie, Battle of, 261

“Kings’ Quhair, The,” 81

Knox, John, his early life, 91; preaching at Perth, 92; admonishes Queen Mary, 96; his strong character, 98

Landowners bound for their tenants attending church, 220

Latin a spoken language in Britain, 8

Lauderdale, Persecutions of Lord, 219

Lent observances after the Reformation, 157

Leslie, General, at Dunbar, 200

Lindsay, Sir David, 130

Lisle, Alice, Execution of, 238

Literature, The older Scottish, 80

Lochiel, Adherence of to Prince Charles, 291

Logarithms, Invention of, by Napier, 123

Long Parliament, The, 190

Lothians, People of the, 80

Lovat, Lord, his double dealing, 296; his execution, 301

Lowland folk-speech, 84

Luther’s heresies, An act against, 155

Macbeth, King, 55

Macdonald, Flora, aids the escape of Prince Charles, 304

Macdonalds of Glencoe, Order to extirpate the, 267; treacherous murders of, 268

Macdonalds, The, at Culloden, 299

MacIan of Glencoe, 265; takes the oath of allegiance, 266; his murder, 268

Mackay, General, defeated at Killiecrankie, 261

Magus Muir, Tragedy of, 222

Maid of Norway, The, 64

“Maiden,” The, 119

Malcolm II., King, 54

Malcolm, III., _Canmore_, 56; marries Margaret, sister of Edgar Atheling, 57

Malcolm IV., _The Maiden_, 59

Mar, Earl of, raises a rebellion in 1715, 282; is checked at Sheriffmuir, 283; deserts his army at Montrose, 286

Margaret, queen of Malcolm Canmore, 57

Marriage, Scottish customs, 172; lax notions on, 174; restrictions on, 175; unlucky months for, 172; a woman’s outfit, 175

Mary of Guise, regent of Scotland, 90

Mary, Queen of England, 104

Mary, Queen of Scots, Childhood of, 102; sent to France, and marries the Dauphin, 103; returns to Scotland, 116; her entry into Edinburgh, 117; marries Lord Darnley, 106; her sad after-history, 109; compared with Elizabeth, 110; her apartments in Holyrood, 130

Masham, Mrs., Influence of over Queen Anne, 279

Massacre of Glencoe, The, 264

McKail, Hugh, Execution of, 218

Monmouth, Duke of, defeats the Covenanters at Bothwell Bridge, 225; his Moderation, 226; his own Rebellion, 237

Monk, General, storms Dundee, 204; completes Cromwell’s subjugation of Scotland, 206; restores the Stuarts, 211

“Mons Meg” at Edinburgh Castle, 126

Montrose, the Marquis of, 194

Morton, Regent of Scotland, 118; accused of being accessory to Darnley’s murder, 118; his execution by the _Maiden_, 119

Murray, Lord George, leads the rebel march to Derby in 1745, 293

Musselburgh, Holy-well at, 168

Napier of Merchiston invents logarithms, 123

Nationalism, English and Scottish, 81

Newcastle held by the Scots, 183

Night offences specially punished, 139

Normandy a Danish Conquest, 44

Norsemen hold North of Scotland, 54

Northumbria the chief power, 23

Offences and their punishments in the sixteenth century, 134

Oswald, King of Northumbria, becomes _Bretwalda_, 23; his conversion, 23

Oxford declares for the royal supremacy, 244; is “hoist by its own petard,” 244

Oysters, penalty for giving false price to, 154

Parliament, The Long, 190

Parliament declares James’s throne vacant, 257; agrees to William and Mary’s joint sovereignty, 258

Parliaments in England and Scotland, 74

Paterson, William, floats the Darien scheme, 270; the total failure, 271

Patrick, the Saint of Ireland, 32

Penny Weddings, 173

Perth in Jacobite occupation in 1715, 283; the retreat from, 284

“Petition of Right,” The, 184

Picts, first mention of the, 6; origin of the, 28; conversion of, 33; coalesce with the Scots, 36

Players, Reception of in Aberdeen, 157.

Poetry, The older Scottish, 81

Pope, Henry VIII. quarrels with the, 88

Popery, Protestant intolerance towards, 116

Presbyterian Church of Scotland, distinctive features of, 94; its influence on Scottish character, 95; bareness of its forms of worship, 100; its fight against episcopacy, 181

Presbyterianism in England, 193

Prestonpans, Battle of, 292

Pretender, Birth of the, 250; in the rebellion of 1715, 284; birth of his two sons, 288

Protestantism established in England, 88; in Scotland, 92

“Protestant wind,” A, watched for, 253

Psalms and paraphrases in the Kirk, 100

Punishments in the sixteenth century, 135; for speaking, falsely of burgh officers, 136; for slander, 136; for “flyting,” 137; of having to pay for healing hurts, 138; of banishment from the town, 140; of scourging through the town, 141; of death under burgh laws, 141; of restitution, 142; when there was “vehement suspicion,” 142; of forfeiting the right to wear swords, 143; for drunkenness, 145; for immorality, 148

Puritans, the English, 184; browbeaten by James I., 185; their Old Testament leanings, 208

Queen of Charles I., evil influence of, 186

Queens, The rival, Mary and Elizabeth, 102; their relationship, 105

Rebellion, Jacobite, of 1715, 283; Executions following the, 286

Rebellion of 1745, 289; atrocities and executions following, 300

Reformation, The, in England and Scotland, 85; in danger from James II., 242

Regalia, the ancient Scottish, 127; the present, 127; its adventures, 128; after the Union to remain in Edinburgh, 128; supposed loss, search for, and recovery, 128

Regencies disastrous to Scotland, 75

Regicides, Execution of the, 212

Religion in Scotland under Charles I., 181; under Cromwell, 209; under Charles II., 214

Renwick, the last covenanting martyr, 248

Revolution, The, of 1688, 252

Rizzio, David, Murder of, 108

Roman invasion of Britain, 3; rule in Britain, 12; Empire divided, 9; fall of the Western Empire, 11; Evacuation, 16

Rome taken by Alaric, 10

Rullion Green, Fight at, 217

Russell, Sir William, Execution of, 233

Ryehouse Plot, The, 233

Sabbath-breaking, Penalties for, 158

Saints associated with Holy-wells, 167

“Saxon shore,” The, 15

_Scotia_, an old name of Ireland, 29

Scotland, how it became a free nation, 63; under Charles I., 178; under Cromwell, 199; under Charles II., 211; under James II., 236; “Company of,” 270; union with England, 270

Scottish Kings:—The Mythical, 35; Fergus, 35; Kenneth Macalpine, 36; Malcolm II., 54; Duncan, 55; Macbeth, 55; Malcolm III., 56; David I., 58; Malcolm IV., 59; William, 59; Alexander III., 61; Baliol, 65; Robert Bruce, 72; James I., 78, 81; James III., 129; James IV., 130; James VI., 116

Scottish Nation, Rise of the, 26; Parliament a single chamber, 74; Nobles, quarrels amongst, 75; Nationalism pronounced, 81; Reformation, a struggle with authority, 90; Convention declare James’s throne vacant, 259

Scoto-Irish piracies, 15

Scots first found in Ireland, 29; lesser number of than of Picts, 36; “King of,” the title of the sovereign, 72

“Security, Act of,” 272

Sedgemoor, Battle of, 237

Sharp, Archbishop, Murder of, 221

Sheriff-Muir, Battle of, 283

Sheriffs in Scotland, Education of, 114

Shipmoney, Levy of, 187

Springs of mineral waters become holy wells, 167

St. Fillans, Well of, 168

St. Giles, The saint’s statue in, removed, 115; farewell speech of James VI. in, 122; commotion in over new liturgy, 180

St. Mary’s altar, Fines of lights for, 138

Stair, Master of, author of Glencoe massacre, 265; punished by dismissal from office, 269

Stamford Bridge, Battle of, 53

Standard, Battle of the, 58

Star-Chamber, The, 184

Stocks, Punishment of the, 138

Strafford, Execution of, 191

Strathbogie Presbytery denounce pilgrimages to holy wells, 170

Strathclyde, Kingdom of, 21

Strathnaven, Holy well at, 169

Stuarts, Family traits of the, 213; their claims to the English throne, 105; the last act of the dynasty, 281

Superstition, Hard death of, 160

Swearing, Penalties for, 147

Sweden, Charles XII. of, 287

Sweyn, The Danish King, 45

Swords, Wearing of, led to crime, 143; disallowed after misuse, 144

Test Oaths in Scotland, Evasion of, 245

Teutonic rule, Spread of the, 18

“Thorough,” The game of, 184

Tory ministry of Queen Anne, 281

Treason, English laws of, applied to Scotland, 276

_Tulchan_ bishops in Scotland, 179

Union of England and Scotland, William’s dying message in favour of, 272; its terms, 274; opposition to in Scotland, 275; its accomplishment, 276; early years of the, 276; attempts to repeal the, 277; its good results, 278

Wade, General, in the Highlands, 289

Wallace, Sir William, 67

War, The Civil, 191

Wedding Feasts in Scotland, 172

Westminster Assembly of Divines, The, 192

William the Conqueror, 52

William, Prince of Orange, invitation to, 252; his fleet in the Channel, 254; his landing and progress, 254; refuses the regency, 257; elected King and his wife Queen, 258; his tolerant policy, 262; signs order against the Macdonalds of Glencoe, 266; opposes the Darien Scheme, 271; his last message to Parliament, 272

Witchcraft in Scotland, 160; in Aberdeen, 164

Witches, An assize on in Edinburgh, 161

Witchfinders, 163

“Woo’d and married and a’” 176

York, Early importance of, 7

PUBLICATIONS

OF

WILLIAM ANDREWS & CO.,

THE HULL PRESS,

HULL.

+_SECOND EDITION. Bound in cloth gilt, demy 8vo. 6s._+

Curiosities of the Church:

Studies of Curious Customs, Services, and Records,

By WILLIAM ANDREWS, F.R.H.S.,

AUTHOR OF “HISTORIC ROMANCE,” “FAMOUS FROSTS AND FROST FAIRS,” “HISTORIC YORKSHIRE,” ETC.

CONTENTS:

Early Religious Plays: being the Story of the English Stage in its Church Cradle Days—The Caistor Gad-Whip Manorial Service—Strange Serpent Stories—Church Ales—Rush-Bearing—Fish in Lent—Concerning Doles—Church Scrambling Charities—Briefs—Bells and Beacons for Travellers by Night—Hour Glasses in Churches—Chained Books in Churches—Funeral Effigies—Torchlight Burials—Simple Memorials of the Early Dead—The Romance of Parish Registers—Dog Whippers and Sluggard Wakers—Odd Items from Old Accounts—A carefully compiled Index.

ILLUSTRATED.

Press Opinions.

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