CHAPTER IV

LIST OF THE BISHOPS OF LINCOLN

=Remigius=--Rémi--(1067-1092), Almoner of Fécamp, in Normandy; made Bishop of Dorchester by William the Conqueror, and soon after transferred the see to Lincoln.

=Robert Bloet= (1094-1123), brother of Hugh, Bishop of Bayeux; Chancellor of England under William the Conqueror and William Rufus; Justiciary under Henry I.

=Alexander=--"the Magnificent"--(1123-1148), nephew of Roger, Bishop of Salisbury; Archdeacon of Sarum, 1121; rebuilt chancel of St. Mary's at Stow; bequeathed certain books of the Bible to the Dean and Chapter; gatehouse of Eastgate in Lincoln granted to him as an episcopal residence by Henry I.

=Robert de Chesney= (1148-1166), Archdeacon of Leicester; founded Gilbertine priory of St. Catherine outside south Bar-gate; bought site for episcopal residence at Lincoln in 1155, and commenced building palace; purchased previous to 1162 "The Old Temple" in parish of St. Andrew's, Holborn, as London residence of bishops.

The see was vacant until 1173, when Geoffrey Plantagenet, natural son of Henry II., was appointed. He was never consecrated, although he retained the temporalities for nine years.

=Walter de Coutances=--de Constantiis--(1183-1184), Vice-Chancellor of England, Canon and Treasurer of Rouen Cathedral, 1173; Archdeacon of Oxford, 1175; translated to Rouen, 1184; d. 1207.

See vacant, 1184-1186.

=Hugh of Avalon=--St. Hugh of Lincoln--(1186-1200), Procurator of monastery of the Grande Chartreuse, 1170; Prior of Carthusian monastery at Witham, in Somerset, 1175-6 to 1186; commenced the great hall in the bishop's palace at Lincoln.

=William de Blois= (1203-1206).

See vacant, 1206-1209.

=Hugh de Wells= (1209-1235), Prebendary of Louth in the Cathedral, 1203; Archdeacon of Wells, 1204; built kitchen and completed hall in bishop's palace at Lincoln; also built manor-house at Buckden.

=Robert Grosseteste= (1235-1253), Archdeacon of Wilts, 1214 and 1220; of Northampton, 1221; first Rector of Franciscans at Oxford, 1224; Prebendary of Empingham in the Cathedral, afterwards exchanged for Archdeaconry of Leicester.

=Henry de Lexinton= (1253-1258), Treasurer of Salisbury, 1241; Prebendary of North Muskham at Southwell previous to 1242; Dean of Lincoln, 1245.

=Richard de Gravesend= (1258-1279), Dean of Lincoln, 1254; Treasurer of Hereford previous to 1258; absent from diocese about 1267-1269, when John de Maidenstone was in charge.

=Oliver Sutton= (1280-1299), Dean of Lincoln; built the cloisters.

=John de Dalderby= (1300-1320), Canon of St. David's; Archdeacon of Carmarthen, 1283; Chancellor of Lincoln, 1293; one of the Commissioners in 1309 in proceedings against the Knights Templars. (Dalderby is a village in Lincolnshire.)

=Henry Burghersh= (1320-1340), Prebendary of Riccall, in York Minster, 1316; Treasurer and Chancellor of England, 1328; deprived of chancellorship, 1330; re-elected Treasurer, 1334; dismissed, 1337; obtained right of sanctuary for bishop's palace and canons' houses at Lincoln.

=Thomas Bek= (1341--Feb. 1346-7), Doctor of Canon Law; Prebendary of Clifton in the Cathedral, 1335.

=John Gynwell= (1347-1362), Archdeacon of Northampton.

=John Buckingham=--Bokyngham--(1363-1397), Prebendary of Lichfield and Dean, 1349; Archdeacon of Northampton, 1351; Prebendary of Gretton in the Cathedral, 1352; Keeper of Privy Seal to Edward III.; translated to Lichfield, 1397; retired to monastery of Christ Church at Canterbury; d. 1398.

=Henry Beaufort= (1398-1404), Prebendary of Thame, 1389; of Sutton in the Cathedral, 1391; Dean of Wells, 1397; translated to Winchester, 1404; d. 1447.

=Philip Repyngdon=--Repington--(1405-1419), Augustinian Canon of St. Mary de Pré, Leicester, previous to 1382; excommunicated for Wiclifite heresy, July 1382; abjured, Nov. 1382; Abbot of St. Mary de Pré, 1391; Chancellor of Oxford University, 1397, 1400-1402; Chaplain and Confessor to Henry IV.; Cardinal, 1408; resigned, 1419; d. 1424.

=Richard Fleming= (1419--Jan. 1430-1), Prebendary of Langtoft, in York Minster, 1415; Rector of Boston; founder of Lincoln College, Oxford.

=William Gray= (1431-1436), Bishop of London, 1426-1431.

=William of Alnwick= (1436-1449), Keeper of the Privy Seal; Archdeacon of Salisbury; Bishop of Norwich, 1426-1436; built east wing of bishop's palace at Lincoln, with chapel and dining-parlour and a gateway tower.

=Marmaduke Lumley= (Jan. 1449-50--Dec. 1450), Treasurer of England; Chancellor of Cambridge University; Precentor of Lincoln, 1425; exchanged for rectory of Stepney, 1427; Bishop of Carlisle, 1430--Jan. 1449-50.

=John Chadworth= (1452-1471).

=Thomas Rotherham=--Scot--(1472-1480), Archdeacon of Canterbury, 1467; Bishop of Rochester, 1468-1472; translated to York, 1480; d. 1500; second founder of Lincoln College, Oxford.

=John Russell= (1480-1494), Archdeacon of Berkshire, 1466; Bishop of Rochester, 1476-1480; first of "perpetual Chancellors" of Oxford.

=William Smyth= (1496-1514), Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield, 1493-1496; co-founder of Brasenose College, Oxford, with Richard Button.

=Thomas Wolsey= (1514), Dean of Lincoln, 1508; Canon of Windsor; Dean of York; translated to Winchester and York, 1514; Cardinal, 1515; Papal Legate and Lord Chancellor, 1516; d. 1530.

=William Atwater= (1514--Feb. 1520-1), Chancellor of Lincoln, 1506-1512; Prebendary, Oct. 1512.

=John Longland= (1521-1547), Confessor to King Henry VIII.; Prebendary of Lincoln; built chantry chapel in Cathedral,

=Henry Holbeach=--Rands--(1547-1551), Prior of Worcester, 1536; Suffragan Bishop of Bristol to see of Worcester, 1538-1540; Dean of Worcester, 1540; Bishop of Rochester, 1544-1547.

=John Taylor= (1552-1554), deprived by Queen Mary.

=John White= (1554-1556), Prebendary of Winchester; translated to Winchester, 1556; deprived by Queen Elizabeth, 1559.

=Thomas Watson= (1557-1559), Dean of Durham; deprived by Queen Elizabeth.

=Nicholas Bullingham= (Jan. 1559-60--Jan. 1570-1), translated to Worcester, Jan. 1570-1; d. 1576.

=Thomas Cooper=--Couper--(1570-1--1584), Dean of Christ Church, Oxford, 1566; Vice-Chancellor of the University; Dean of Gloucester, 1569; translated to Winchester, 1584; d. 1594.

=William Wickham= (1584-1594), Dean of Lincoln; translated to Winchester, 1594; d. 1595.

=William Chaderton=--Chatterton--(1595-1608), President of Queen's College, Cambridge, 1568; Archdeacon of York; Prebendary of Westminster, 1576; Bishop of Chester, 1579-1595; resided at Southoe.

=William Barlow= (1608-1613), Bishop of Rochester, 1605-1608.

=Richard Neile= (1614-1617), Bishop of Rochester, 1608-1610; of Lichfield and Coventry, 1610-1614; of Durham, 1617-1627; of Winchester, 1627-1631; Archbishop of York, 1631-1640; d. 1640.

=George Montaigne=--Mountain--(1617-1621), Dean of Westminster, 1610; translated to London, 1621; to Durham, Feb. 1627-8; to York, July 1628; d. Oct. 1628.

=John Williams= (1621-1641), Dean of Westminster and Salisbury; Precentor of Lincoln; Lord Keeper under James I.; translated to York, 1641; d. 1650.

=Thomas Winniffe= (1642-1654). Bishop's palace at Lincoln demolished during this episcopacy.

=Robert Sanderson= (1660-1663), Regius Professor at Oxford, 1642 and 1660; restored episcopal residence of Buckden at his own cost; transcribed monumental inscriptions in the Cathedral.

=Benjamin Laney= (1663-1667), Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge University, 1632-1633; Dean of Rochester, July 1660; Bishop of Peterborough, Dec. 1660-1663; translated to Ely, 1667; d. Jan. 1674-5.

=William Fuller= (1667-1675), Dean of St. Patrick's, Dublin, July 1660; Bishop of Limerick, Mar. 1663-4--1667; repaired damage done to the Cathedral, and restored monuments of Remigius and St. Hugh, supplying epitaphs; bequeathed books to Cathedral library.

=Thomas Barlow= (1675-1691), buried at Buckden.

=Thomas Tenison= (1691-1694), Archdeacon of London; translated to Canterbury, 1694; d. 1715.

=James Gardiner= (Mar. 1694-5--Mar. 1704-5), Sub-Dean of Lincoln, 1671; rebuilt episcopal residence, ruined by storming of Castle and Close in 1644.

=William Wake= (1705-1715), Dean of Exeter; translated to Canterbury, 1715; d. 1737.

=Edmund Gibson= (1716-1723), Archdeacon of Surrey, 1710; translated to London, 1723; d. 1748.

=Richard Reynolds= (1723--Jan. 1743-4), Dean of Peter borough, 1718; Bishop of Bangor, Dec. 1721-1723.

=John Thomas= (1744-1761), translated to Salisbury, 1761; d. 1766.

=John Green= (1761-1779), Dean of Lincoln and Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge, 1756; Resident Canon of St. Paul's Cathedral, 1771.

=Thomas Thurlow= (1779-1787).

=George Pretyman Tomline=, baronet (1787-1820), translated to Winchester, 1820; d. 1827.

=George Pelham= (1820-1827), Resident Canon of Chi-chester Cathedral, 1790; Prebendary of Winchester, 1797-1803; Bishop of Bristol, 1803-1807; of Exeter, 1807-1820.

=John Kaye= (1827-1853), Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge University, 1815; Bishop of Bristol, 1820-1827; resided at old palace of Buckden until 1837, when he removed to the newly-erected palace at Riseholme.

=John Jackson= (1853-1868), Canon of Bristol, 1853; translated to London, 1868; d. 1885.

=Christopher Wordsworth= (1868-1885), Headmaster of Harrow School, 1836-1844; Archdeacon of Westminster, 1865; resided at Riseholme.

=Edward King= (1885), Bishop's palace at Lincoln restored to its ancient use.

DIMENSIONS.

Total Interior Length--482 feet.

Nave--Length to Screen, 252 feet. Width, including Aisles, 80 feet. Height of Vault, 82 feet.

Choir--Length, 158 feet. Height of Vault, 74 feet.

Presbytery--Length, 72 feet. Height of Vault, 74 feet.

West Transept--Length, 222 feet. Width, 61 feet.

East Transept--Length, 170 feet. Width, 36 feet.

Central Tower--Height, 271 feet. Height of Vault, 125 feet.

West Towers--Height about 200 feet.

Chapter-house--Diameter, 60 feet.

AREA--44,400 square feet.

KEY TO PLAN.

A. North-West Chapel. B. Ringers' Chapel. C. Morning Prayer Chapel. D. Consistory Court. E. Chapel of St. Nicholas. F. Chapel of St. Denis. G. Chapel of St. James. H. Chapel of St. Edward the Martyr. I. Chapel of St. John the Evangelist. J. Chapel of St. Giles. K. "Dean's Chapel." L. Choristers' Vestry. M. Ante-Vestry. N. Canons' Vestry. O. Chapter-house Vestibule. P. Old Common Chamber. Q, R, T, U. Hugh's Semi-circular Chapels. S. Foundations of Lengthened Chapel. V. Longland Chantry. W. Fleming Chantry. X. Russell Chantry. Y. Presbytery.

TOMBS, MONUMENTS, ETC.

1. Robert Burghersh. 2. Bishop Burghersh. 3. Queen Eleanor. 4. Sir N. Cantelupe. 5. Prior Wimbische. 6. Sir B. Burghersh. 7. Bishop Wordsworth. 8. Table Tombs (see p. 135). 9. Dean Butler. 10. Bishop Kaye. 11. Bishop Fleming. 12. Countess of Westmorland. 13. Catherine Swynford. 14. Litany Desk. 15. Remigius (?). 16. Font. 17. Easter Sepulchre. 18. Little St. Hugh. 19. Sir G. Talboys (?).

* * * * *

FOOTNOTES

[Footnote 1: Freeman, "Norman Conquest."]

[Footnote 2: Freeman, "Norman Conquest."]

[Footnote 3: _Archæological Journal_, vol. xl. p. 179.]

[Footnote 4: The chapel was reconstructed according to its original form in 1772.]

[Footnote 5: _Archæological Journal_, vol. li. p. 104.]

[Footnote 6: Venables, _Archæological Journal_ vol. l.]

[Footnote 7: Professor E. A. Freeman, "York, Lincoln, and Beverley."]

[Footnote 8: In Gough's edition [1806] of Camden's "Britannia," is a plan giving the positions of the grave-slabs in the old pavement.]

[Footnote 9: The matter is referred to on p. 20.]

[Footnote 10: What has become of the "merveylows fair and large Psaltar, full in the Margin of goodly Armes of many Noble Men," mentioned by Leland as being "in S. Nicholas Chapell"?]