Part 13

I greatly merve[l~l] _tha_t any man wy[l~l] p_re_sume to dysprase theverie, _and_ thynke the dooer_es_ therof to be woorthy of deathe, consyderinge itt is a thynge that cu_m_ithe nere vnto vertue, beinge vsed of many in a[l~l] contries, And co_m_mendid _and_ allowed of god hym selfe; the w_hi_ch, thinge, by-cause I cannot co_m_pendiously shew vnto yow at soo shorte a warnynge _and_ in soo sharpe a wether, I sha[l~l] desyer yow, gentle audiens of theves, to take in good p_ar_te thes thyng_es_ that at thys tyme cu_m_ythe to my mynde, not mysdowtynge but _tha_t yow of yowre good knowledge are able to add mutch more vnto ytt the_n_ this w_hi_ch I sha[l~l] nowe vtter vnto yow. ffyrst, fortitude, _and_ stowtnes of corage, _and_ also bowldnes of minde, is co_m_mendyd of su_m_e men to be a vertue; w_hi_ch, beinge grawnted, who is yt then _tha_t wy[l~l] not iudge theves to be v_er_tused? for thay be of a[l~l] men moste stowte _and_ hardy, _and_ moste w_i_t_h_owte feare; for thevery is a thynge moste vsua[l~l] emonge a[l~l] men, for not only yow that be here p_re_sente, but many other in dyu_er_se plac_es_, bothe men _and_ wemen _and_ chyldren, rytche and poore, are dayly of thys facultye, {95} as the hangman of tyboorne can testyfye: and that yt is allowed of god hym selfe, as it is euydente in many storayes of [the] scriptur_es_; for yf yow looke in the hole cowrse of the byble, yow shall fynde that theves haue bene beloued of gode; for Iacobe, whan he came owte of Mesopotamia, dyd steale his vncle labanes kydd_es_; the same Iacobe also dyd steale his brothe[r] Esaues blessynge; _and_ yett god sayde, “I haue chosen Iacobe _and_ refused Esau.” The chyldren of ysrae[l~l], wha_n_ they came owte of Egypte, dyd steale the egiptians iewell_es_ of sylu_er_ and gowlde, as god co_m_mawnded them soo to doo. Davyd, in the days of Abiather the hygh preste, did cu_m_e into _th_e temple _and_ dyd steale the hallowed breede; _and_ yet god saide, “Dauid is a man̄ euen after myne owne harte.” Chryste hym selfe, whan he was here on the arthe, did take an asse _and_ a cowlte _tha_t was none of hys; _and_ yow knowe that god said of hym, “this is my beloued soone, in whome I delighte.” thus yow may see that god delightithe in theves. but moste of a[l~l] I marve[l~l] _tha_t men can dispyse yow theves, where as in a[l~l] poynt_es_ almoste yow be lyke vnto christe hym selfe: for chryste had noo dwellynge place; noo more haue yow. christe wente frome towne to towne; _and_ soo doo yow. christe was hated of a[l~l] men, sauynge of his freend_es_; and soo are yow. christe was laid waite vpon in many plac_es_; _and_ soo are yow. chryste at the lengthe was cawght; _and_ soo sha[l~l] yow bee. he was browght before the iudges; _and_ soo sha[l~l] yow bee. he was accused; _and_ soo sha[l~l] yow bee. he was condempned; _and_ soo sha[l~l] yow bee. he was hanged; _and_ so sha[l~l] yow bee. he wente downe into he[l~l]; _and_ soo sha[l~l] yow dooe. mary! in this one thynge yow dyffer frome hym, for he rose agayne _and_ assendid into heauen; _and_ soo sha[l~l] yow neuer dooe, w_i_t_h_owte god_es_ greate mercy, w_hi_ch gode grawnte yow! to whome w_i_t_h_ the father, _and_ the soone, _and_ the hooly ghoste, be a[l~l] honore and glorye, for eu_er_ and eu_er_. Amen!

Thus his s_er_mon beinge endyd, they gaue hy_m_ his money agayne that thay tooke frome hym, _and_ ij^s to drynke for hys s_er_mon.

finis.

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[_The parts added to_ HARMAN’S CAUEAT _to make_] THE Groundworke of Conny-catching; the manner of their Pedlers-French, and the meanes _to vnderstand the same, with the cunning slights_ of the Counterfeit Cranke. Therein are handled the practises of the _Visiter_, the Fetches _of the_ Shifter _and_ Rufflar, _the deceits of their_ Doxes, _the deuises_ of Priggers, _the names of the base loytering Losels, and_ _the meanes of euery_ Blacke-Art-mans _shifts, with_ _the reproofe of all their diuellish_ practises. _Done by a Justice of Peace of great authoritie, who hath_ _had the examining of diuers of them._

_Printed at London by_ Iohn Danter _for_ William Barley, _and are to be sold at his shop at the vpper end of Gratious streete, ouer against Leaden-hall_, 1592.

7

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[Headnote: THE GROUNDWORKE OF CONNY-CATCHING.]

[Sidenote: [leaf 2]]

To the gentle Readers health.

Gentle reader, as there hath beene diuers bookes set forth, as warnings for all men to shun the craftie coossening sleights of these both men and women that haue tearmed themselues Conny-catchers; so amongst the rest, bestow the reading ouer of this booke, wherin thou shalt find the ground-worke of Conny-catching, with the manner of their canting speech, how they call all things in their language, the horrible coossening of all these loose varlots, and the names of them in their seuerall degrees,

_First,_ _The Visiter._ 2. _The Shifter._ 3. _The Rufflar._ 4. _The Rogue._ 5. _The wild Rogue._ 6. _A prigger of Prauncers._ 7. _A Pallyard._ 8. _A Frater._ 9. _An Abraham man._ 10. _A freshwater Marriner, or Whipiacke._ 11. _A counterfait Cranke._ 12. _A Dommerar._ 13. _A Dronken Tinkar._ 14. _A Swadder, or Pedler._ 15. _A Iarkeman & Patrico._ 16. _A demander for glimmar._ 17. _The baudy Basket._ 18. _An Autem Mort._ 19. _A walking Mort._ 20. _A Doxe._ 21. _A Dell._ 22. _Kinchin Mort._ 23. _A Kinchin Co._

All these playing their coossenings in their kinde are here set downe, which neuer yet were disclosed in anie booke of Conny-catching. {100}

[Headnote: SHIFTERS AT INNS.]

[Sidenote: [leaf 2, back]]

A new kind of shifting sleight, practised at this day by _some of this Cony-catching crue, in Innes or vitualling houses, but especially in Faires or Markets_, which came to my hands since the imprinting of the rest.

Whereas of late diuers coossening deuises and deuilish deceites haue beene discouered, wherby great inconueniences haue beene eschewed, which otherwise might haue beene the vtter ouerthrowe of diuers honest men of all degrees, I thought this, amongst the rest, not the least worthie of noting, especially of those that trade to Faires and Markets, that therby being warned, they may likewise be armed, both to see the deceit, and shun the daunger. These shifters will come vnto an Inne or vittailing house, that is most vsed in the towne, and walke vp and downe; and if there come any gentleman or other, to lay vp either cloke, sword, or any other thing woorth the hauing, then one of this crue taketh the marks of the thing, or at least the token the partie giueth them: anone, after he is gone, he likewise goeth forth, and with a great countenance commeth in againe to the mayde or seruant, calling for what another left: if they doubt to deliuer it, then hee frets, and calles them at his pleasure, and tels them the markes and tokens: hauing thus done, hee blames their forgetfulnes, and giues them a couple of pence to buy them pinnes, bidding them fetch it straight, and know him better the next time, wherewith they are pleasd, and he possest of his pray. Thus one gotte a bagge of Cheese the last Sturbridge Faire; for in such places (as a reclaimd fellow of that crue confessed) they make an ordinary practise of the same.

[_The Pedler’s French_ follows, taken word for word from Harman’s book, p. 82–7 above.]

[Sidenote: [leaf 5]]

THE VISITER.

An honest youth, not many yeares since, seruant in this City, had leaue of his master at whitsontide to see his friends, who dwelt some fifty miles from London. It hapned at a Country wake, his mother and hee came acquainted with a precise scholler, that, vnder colour of strickt life, hath bin reputed for that hee is not: hee is well {101} knowen in Paules Churchyard, and hath beene lately a visiting in Essex; for so he presumes to tearme his cosening walks: and therefore wee will call him here a Visiter. This honest seeming man must needes (sith his iourney lay to London) stay at the yong mans mothers all the holy daies: where as on his desert hee was kindly vsed; at length, the young man, hauing receiued his mother’s blessing, with other his friendes giftes, amounting to some ten poundes, was to this hypocrite as to a faithful guide committed, and toward London they ride: by the way this Visiter discourses how excellent insight he had in Magick, to recouer by Art anything lost or stolne. Well, to sant Albons they reach; there they sup together, and, after the carowsing of some quarts of wine, they go to bed, where they kindly sleepe,—the Visiter slily, but the young man soundly. Short tale to make—out of his bed-fellow’s sleeue this Visiter conuaid his twenty Angels, besides some other od siluer, hid it closely, and so fell to his rest. Morning comes—vp gets this couple—immediately the money was mist, much adoo was made; the Chamberlaine with sundry other seruants examined; and so hot the contention, that the good man, for the discharge of his house, was sending for a Constable to haue them both first searcht, his seruants Chests after. In the meane time the Visiter cals the yong man aside, and bids him neuer grieue, but take horse; and he warrants him, ere they be three miles out of towne, to helpe him to his money by Art, saying:—“In these Innes ye see how we shall be out-faced, and, beeing vnknowne, how euer we be wrongd, get little remedy.” The yong man, in good hope, desired him to pay the reckoning, which done, together they ride. Being some two miles from the towne, they ride out of the ordinary way: there he tels this youth how vnwilling hee was to enter into the action, but that it was lost in his company, and so forth. Well, a Circle was made, wondrous words were vsed, many muttrings made: at length hee cries out,—“vnder a greene turfe, by the East side of an Oake; goe thither, goe thither.” This thrice he cryed so ragingly, as the yuong man gest him mad, and was with feare almost beside himself. At length, pausing, quoth this Visiter, “heard ye nothing cry?” “Cry!” said the yong man, “yes; [leaf 5, back] you cride so as, for twise ten pound, I would not heare ye {102} again.” “Then,” quoth he, “’tis all well, if ye remember the words.” The yong man repeated them. With that this shifter said, “Go to the furthest Oke in the high-way towards S. Albons, and vnder a greene turfe, on the hither side, lyes your mony, and a note of his name that stole it. Hence I cannot stirre till you returne; neyther may either of our horses be vntide for that time: runne yee must not, but keepe an ordinary pace.” Away goes the yong man gingerly; and, being out of sight, this copesmate takes his cloke-bag, wherein was a faire sute of apparel, and, setting spurres to his horse, was, ere the Nouice returned, ridde cleane out of his view. The yong man, seeing himselfe so coossened, made patience his best remedie, tooke his horse, and came to London, where yet it was neuer his lucke to meet this visiter.

[Headnote: A SHIFTER DESCRIBED.]

A SHIFTER.

A Shifter, not long since, going ordinarily booted, got leaue of a Carrier to ride on his owne hackney a little way from London, who, comming to the Inne where the Carier that night should lodge, honestly set vp the horse, and entred the hal, where were at one table some three and thirty clothiers, all returning to their seuerall countries. Vsing, as he could, his curtesie, and being Gentleman-like attirde, he was at all their instance placed at the vpper end by the hostesse. After hee had a while eaten, he fel to discourse with such pleasance, that all the table were greatly delighted therewith. In the midst of supper enters a noise of musitions, who with their instruments added a double delight. For them hee requested his hostesse to laye a shoulder of mutton and a couple of capons to the fire, for which he would pay, _and_ then mooued in their behalfe to gather. Among them a noble was made, which he fingring, was well blest; for before he had not a crosse, yet he promist to make it vp an angel. To be short, in comes the reckoning, which (by reason of the fine fare _and_ excesse of wine) amounted to each mans halfe crown. Then hee requested his hostesse to prouide so many possets of sacke, as would furnish the table, which he would bestow on the Gentlemen to requite their extraordinary costs: _and_ iestingly askt if she would {103} make him her deputie to gather the reckoning; she graunted, and he did so: and on a sodaine, (faining to hasten his hostesse with the possets) he tooke his cloke, and, finding fit time, hee slipt out of doores, leauing the guestes and their hostesse to a new reckoning, _and_ the musitians to a good supper, but they paid for the sauce. This iest some vntruly attribute to a man of excellent parts about London, but he is slandered: the party that performed it hath scarce any good qualitie to liue. Of these sort I could set downe a great number, but I leaue you now vnto those which by Maister Harman are discouered.

[Then follows Harman’s book, commencing with a Ruffelar, p. 29. The woodcut of Nicolas Blunt and Nicolas Geninges (p. 50, above) is given, and another one representing the Cranke after he was stripped and washed. The volume ends with the chapter “Their vsage in the night,” p. 76–8 above,—the woodcuts and verses at the end of Harman’s book being omitted in the present _Groundworke of Conny-catching_. The last words in the latter are, “And this must the poore Farmer suffer, or els they threaten to burne him, and all that he hath.”]

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INDEX.

Abraham men, those who feign madness, 3; one of them, named Stradlynge, ‘the craftiest and moste dyssemblyngest knaue,’ 47

Altham, a curtall’s wife, 4

Arsenick, to make sores with, 44

associate, accompany, 53

Autem, a church, 67, 83

― Mortes, description of, 67; as chaste as Harman’s ‘Cowe,’ 67

Awdeley, Iohn, a printer, 1

Awdeley’s _Vacabondes_; Harman’s references to, 20, 60

Axiltrye, casting of the, 46

baken, bacon, 3

baudy banquet, whoring, 63

bauer, ? band, 52

Bawd Phisicke, a cook, 14

Bawdy baskets, description of, 65; a story of one who, with an upright man, spoiled a poor beggar of his money, 66

beggar by inheritance, 42

belly chere, food, 32

belly chete, an apron, 83

benat, better, 86

bene, good, 83

bene bowse, good drink, 59

beneship, very well, 86

benshyp, very good, 83, 86

beray, dung, 13; dirty, 52

beteled, ? (_betelled_ is deceived), 67

Bethlem Hospital, 52, 53

Blackheath, 77

bletinge chete, a calf or sheep, 83

Blunt, Nicolas, an upright man, 50, 87

bong, purse, 84, 86

booget, a bag, 59

bord, a shilling, 83

―, half a, sixpence, 83

borsholders, 21, _n._, superior constables. See Halliwell’s _Glossary_.

bottell, bundle, truss, 72

Bottomelye, Besse, a harlot, 75

bousing ken, an ale-house, 83

bowle, drink bowls of liquor, 32

bowse, drink, 32, 83; _v._ to drink, 84

braste, burst, 73

Bridewell, 57, 87

broused, bruised, 29

bryberinge, stealing, 60

Buckes, baskets, 21

Buckingham, Duke of, beheaded, 22

bufe, a dog, 84

bung, a purse, 83, 84, 86

buskill, ? bustle, wriggle, 15

bychery, 67

bycherye, whoring, 61

byd, pray, 15

byng a waste, go you hence, 84

cakling chete, a cock, or capon, 83

can skyl, know, 8

cante, to speak, 84

Canting, the language of vagabonds, 23; list of words, 82–4; specimen of, 84–6

Capcases, covers for caps, small bandboxes, 65

Capon hardy, 12. For ‘capron hardy,’ ‘a notable whipster or twigger,’ a bold or saucy young scamp. (See the Index to Caxton’s _Book of Curtesye_, E. E. T. Soc., p. 54.)

cassan, cheese, 83

caster, a cloak, 82

casting of the sledge, 46

Caueat, a warning, 17

Chafe litter, the knave, described, 13

chafer, heating dish, 59

Charing Cross, 58

chattes, the gallows, 84, 86

Chayne, a gentleman, 58

Cheapside, 57, 87

Cheatours, card-sharpers enticing young men to their hosteries, win their money and depart, 7

cheeke by cheeke (now ‘by jowl’), 12

chete, animal, 83, col. 2, foot

chetes, things, 42

Choplogyke, description of, 15

Christ, like a thief, 94, 95

Christes Hospital, 8

Clapperdogens, 44. _See_ Palliards.

Clement’s Inn, 53

clocke, a cloak, 55

clyme three tres with a ladder, to ascend the gallows, 31

cly the gerke, to be whipped, 84

Cole, false, 15. (See Mr R. Morris in _Notes and Queries_, Oct., 1869, on _Colfox_, &c.)

Cole Prophet, description of, 15

commission, a shirt, 83

Commitour of Tidings, a tell-tale, 14

common, commune, 45

conneys, rabbits, 35

conneyskins, rabbitskins, 65

connizance, cognizance, 35

Cornwall, 48

Cory fauell, a knave, described, 16

couch a hogshead, lie down and sleep, 77, 84

Counterfet Crankes, description of, 51; story of one that Harman watched, 51; how he was dressed, 51; his refusal to wash when bidden, 52; gives the name of Genings, 52; said he had been in Bethlehem Hospital, 52, which Harman found to be a lie, 53; in the middle of the day he goes into the fields and renews the blood on his face, 53; what money he received, 53; at night he goes to Newington, where he is given in charge, 54; the amount of his gains, 55; his escape, 55; his recapture, 56, _n._; his punishment, 57, _n._

Cousoners, cheaters, 1

Crashing chetes, teeth, 82

crassinge chetes, apples, pears, or any other fruit, 84

Cross Keys Inn in Cranford (Middlesex) or Crayford (Kent), 77

cuffen, fellow, 86. _See_ Quyer.

Cursetors, 17; explanation of, 27

Curtal, 37

Curtall, one who is next in authority to an upright man, 4

Curtesy man, described, 6

cutte, to say, 84

cutte bene whydds, speak or give good words, 84

cutte benle, speak gently, 84

cutte quyre whyddes, give evil words or evil language, 84

darkemans, night, 84

Dartford, 58

David, a thief, 94, 95

ded lyft, a; last refuge, 34

Dells, rogues’ virgins, described, 75

Demaunder for glymmar, description of, 61; story of one who behaved courteously to one man and uncourteously to another, 61–65

Deptford, 77

Desmond, Earl of, 82

Devil’s Pater noster, 15

Devonshire, 48

dewse a vyle, the country, 84, 86

Dialogue, between upright man and rogue, 84–87

dokte, fornicated with, 87

Dommerar, description of, 57; of one who was made to speak, and afterwards punished on the pillory, 58, 59

doson, dozen, 34

Doxes, description of, 4, 6, 73

Draw-the-pudding-out-of-the-fire; a beggars’ inn at Harrow-on-the-Hill, 77

drawers, hosen, 83

Drawlatches, a class of beggars, 27

Dronken Tinckar, description of, 59

drouselye, drowsily, 76

dudes, cloths, 83

dup the gyger, open the door, 84

Dyng-thrift, description of, 15

Egiptians, description of, 23

Esau, a thief, 94, 95

Esaye, Isaiah, 24

Esen Droppers, eaves-droppers, 15

exonerate, empty (one’s belly), 55

factors, tax-gatherers, 45

fambles, hands, 82; famble, 87

fambling chete, ring on the hand, 82

Faytores, a class of beggars, 27

ferres, 35, ferries

Filtchman, the truncheon of a staff, 4

Fingerers, 7–9. _See_ Cheatours.

for knowing; against, to prevent, being recognized, 71

flagg, a groat, 83, 85

flebytinge, 73

fletinge Fellowshyp, the company of vagabonds, 24

Frater, one who goes with a licence to beg for some Spittlehouse or Hospital, but who usually robs poor women, 4; description of, 45

Freshwater Mariner, description of, 48

Furmenty, 22

fustian fume, 46

fylche, to beat, to rob, 84

fylthy firy flankard, 29

fynesed, finished, 70

Fyngerer, 8, 9

gage, a quart pot, 83

― of bowse, a quart of drink, 34

gally slopes, breeches, 35

gan, a mouth, 82

gealy gealowsit, good fellowship, 55

gentry cofes ken, a noble or gentleman’s house, 83

gentry morte, a noble or gentlewoman, 84

Genynges, Nicolas, a counterfeit cranke, 50, 87

gestes, guests, 61

Glasyers, eyes, 82

glimmeringe morte, a woman who travels the country begging, saying her goods have been burnt, 61

glymmar, fire, 61, 83

grannam, corn, 83

Grauesend barge, a resort of vagabonds and knaves, 1

graunt, agree, 53

greffe, grief, 55

Grene Winchard, description of a, 14

_Groundworke of Conny-catching_, 97

grunting chete, or patricos kynchen, a pig, 83

Gryffith, Wylliam, a printer, 17

Gybe, a licence, 4; a writing, 83

gygger, a door, 83, 85

Gyle Hather, description of, 14

gyllot, a whore, 71

Haben, a witty parson, 92

hande charcher, handkerchief, 72

Harman beck, constable, 84

Harman, Thomas, his _Caveat_, 17–91; epistle to the reader, 27; his old tenant, 30; his copper cauldron stolen, 35; recovered, 35; notice to tinkers of the loss of his cauldron, 35; his gelding stolen, 44; in commission of the peace, 60; paid for beggars’ secrets, 74

Harmans, the stocks, 84

Harrow-on-the-Hill, inn at, 77

Hartley Row in Hampshire, 92, 93

Hearing chetes, ears, 82

heauing of the bowth, robbing the booth, 4

Helpers of rogues, 9

Helycon, 28

heue a bough, rob a booth, 84

Hill’s, Mr, Rents, 57

_him_ redundant: leapes him, 43, l. 24

Hoker, or Angglear, description of, 35; anecdote of one who took the clothes of the bed in which 3 men were sleeping, without awaking them, 36

Holborn, 54

hollowe hosteler, 63

horse locke, 39

hosen, breeches, 71, 72

hosted, lodged, 57, _n._

hosteries, card-sharpers’ resorts, 9

House of Pity, inn in Northall, 77

hoyssed, hoisted, 20

huggeringe, loitering, 43

Hyberdyne, a parson, 93

hygh, hie, 33

hygh pad, highway, 84

Jacob, a thief, 94, 95

Iarckeman, a maker of counterfeit licences, 5, 60

Iarckes, seals, 4

Iarke, a seal, 83

ich, I, 8

Jeffrey Gods Fo, a liar, 13

Ingratus, an ungrateful knave, 16

in printe, meaning ‘correct,’ 45

Iockam, yard, penis, 87

iompe, jump, plump, exactly, 44

Irishe toyle, a beggar, 5

Irish rogues, 44, 48

Isleworth (Thystellworth), St Julian’s, a beggars’ inn at, 77

Iusticers, Justices, 21

Karle, a knave, 8

ken, a house, 83, 84, 86

Kent, a man of worship in, death of, 22

Kent, mentioned, 37, 43, 48, 61, 63, 66, 68, 77

Kent St, Southwark, 57

Ketbroke, a beggars’ inn, near Blackheath, 77

kinde, nature, 52

Kitchen Co, a boy, 5, 76

― Morte, a girl, 5, 76

Knapsbery (inn near London), 77

Knaues, 25 orders of, 1

―, quartern of, 1

Kynges barne, beggars’ inn in Kent, 77

lage, water, 83

lag of dudes, a bucke of clothes, 83

lap, butter, milk, or whey, 83

lasy Lorrels, 82

lecherous husband cured, 68–73

Leicester, 56

lewed lecherous loyteringe, 31

lewtering Luskes, 82

licoryce knaue, a drunkard, 13

lightmans, day, 84

(Lincoln’s Inn) Fields, 53

London, 30, 42, 49

lousey leuterars, vagabonds, 22

lowhinge chete, a cow, 83

lowre, money, 83, 85, 86

Lubbares, lubbers, 47

luckly, lucky, 19

Ludgate, 57

lybbege, a bed, 83

lybbet, a stick, 26

lykinge, lustful, 21

Lynx eyes, 54. (See Index to Hampole’s _Pricke of Conscience_.)

Lypken, a house to lie in, 83

make, halfpenny, 83

make (think) it strange, 41

makes, mates, 23

mammerings, mumblings, 72

manerly marian, 62

margery prater, a hen, 83

Mariner, one at Portsmouth the maker of counterfeit licences for Freshwater mariners, 49

matche of wrastlinge, 46

maunde, ask or require, 84, 85

Messenger, Ione, an honest bawdy basket, 65

Milling of the ken, sending children into houses to rob, 67

mofling chete, a napkin, 83

mounched, eat, 72

mounch-present, one who, being sent by his master with a present, must taste of it himself, 14

myll a ken, rob a house, 84

mynt, gold, 83

Nab, a head, 82, 86

Nabchet, a hat or cap, 82

nase, drunken, 86

Newhaven, 67

Newington, 54, 56

Nichol Hartles, a coward, 13

Northall, beggars’ inn at, 77

nosegent, a nun, 83

nouels, news, 14

Nunquam, a loitering servant, 16

nygle, haue to do with a woman carnally, 84

nyp a boung, to cut a purse, 84

Obloquium, a malapert knave, 13

occupying, holding of land, 38

of, off, 39

oysters of East Kent, 68

Palliards, description of, 4, 44; doings of, 44; list of names of, 81, 82

pannam, bread, 83

Param, milk, 83, _n._

patrico, a priest, 6, 60

paulmistrie, fortune-telling, 23

pecke, meat, 86