Part 16

To this list might be added the French Cynegetica of Gauchet, Pomey, Passerat, De Salnove, De Serey, Du Sable, Gaffet, De la Conterie, D’Yauville, and others; the Encyclopédie Méthodique, Dictionnaire de toutes les espèces de Chasses; and the Italian Cynegetica of Scandianese, Valvasone, Raimondi, Poggesi, Gatti, and others; to some of which the author is beholden for a few remarks. The catalogue might be amplified, too, by incorporating the numerous tracts on the laws of the Chase collected by Fritsch and Manwood; the notices of early British and Anglo-Saxon hunting gathered by Pegge, in the Archæologia; by Strutt, in his Sports and Pastimes; and by Turner, in his History of the Anglo-Saxons; and though last, not least valuable, whether we regard the novelty of such a summary, or the elegance and classic taste of its execution, the article on Hunting by Mr. Smedley, in the Encyclopædia Metropolitana.

Connected with the subject of Venation, the following works on Natural History are referred to, descriptive of the external characters and habits of ferine animals, and their quadrupedal pursuers:

[Sidenote: Aristoteles.]

Aristotelis Historia de Animalibus à J. C. Scaligero. Tolosæ, +mdcxix.+

[Sidenote: Scriptores Rei Rusticæ.]

Scriptores Rei Rusticæ Veteres Latini. J. M. Gesner. Lipsiæ, +mdcclxxiii.+

[Sidenote: ΓΕΩΠΟΝΙΚΑ.]

ΓΕΩΠΟΝΙΚΑ. Geoponicorum sive De Re Rusticâ Libri +xx.+ Petr. Needham, A.M. Cantabrigiæ, +mdcciv.+

[Sidenote: Plutarchus.]

Plutarchi Opera Omnia (De Solertiâ Animalium, &c.) Paris, +mdcxxiv.+

[Sidenote: Ælianus.]

Æliani De Naturâ Animalium Libri +xvii.+ J. G. Schneider. Lipsiæ, +mdcclxxxiv.+

[Sidenote: Plinius.]

C. Plinii Secundi Historiæ Mundi Libri +xxxvii.+ J. Dalecampii. Lugduni, +mdlxxxvii.+

[Sidenote: Solinus.]

C. Julii Solini Polyhistor ex edit. C. Salmasii. M. Andr. Goezio. Lipsiæ, +mdcclxxvii.+

[Sidenote: Phile.]

Phile De Animalium Proprietate à J. C. de Pauw. Trajecti ad Rhenum, +mdccxxx.+

[Sidenote: Gesnerus.]

C. Gesneri Historiæ Animalium Liber primus, de Quadrupedibus Viviparis. Tiguri, +mdlix.+

[Sidenote: Aldrovandus.]

U. Aldrovandi Opera. Bononiæ, +mdcxxxii.+

[Sidenote: Bochartus.]

S. Bocharti Hierozoicon, seu de Animalibus Sacræ Scripturæ. Londini, +mdclxiii.+

[Sidenote: Paullini.]

Cynographia Curiosa, &c. à Christ. Franc. Paullini. Norimbergæ, +mdclxxxv.+

Lagographia Curiosa, &c. à Christ. Franc. Paullini. Aug. Vind. +mdcxci.+

[Sidenote: Raius.]

Synopsis Methodica Animalium Quadrupedum, &c. Auctore Joanne Raio. S. R. S. Londini, 1693.

ERRATA.

P. 15. l. 8. _for_ general, _read_ genuine. 108. n. 3. l. 2. τάχος. 5. ἔχει. 117. n. 4. _for_ Bruyer, _read_ Bruyerinus. 126. n. 7. l. 2. obtruncant. 145. Quotation from Gratius, v. 299. _read_ leveis. 148. Quotation from Nemesian, v. 162. _read_ complere.

The author craves forgiveness for unnoticed σφάλματα, errors of punctuation, accentuation, &c. whether chargeable on himself or the typothetæ.

FOOTNOTES:

[1] The editors of the Greek libellus confine their remarks almost exclusively to critical annotations on the text. Indeed Holstein’s edition has no notes; Blancard’s, only a few marginal emendations; and Zeune’s and Schneider’s, very few parallel passages. Such classical citations, therefore, as are adduced by the translator, are for the most part of novel application.

[2] The quotations from the Cynegeticus of Xenophon the elder refer to the chase-practices and kennel-discipline of Greece, antecedent to the institution of coursing.

[3]

[Sidenote: Bocharti Hierozoic. L. +ii.+ c. +lvi.+]

[Sidenote: Ejusdem Præfat. ad Lectorem.]

[Sidenote: Ovid. Metam. L. +iii.+]

This statement is limited to classical authors alone; the Biblical scholar might possibly arraign its accuracy, if made more general; though it scarce needs qualification to suit the doubtful interpretation of the Hebrew text of Proverbs ch. +xxx.+ ver. 31. No allusion occurring elsewhere in the sacred volume to dogs of the chase, though many to the earlier varieties of Venation with predatory instruments, it is improbable that the words of Agur to his pupils Ithiel and Ucal should refer to the most uncommon of the canine tribe, the canis Leporarius, Gallicus, or Vertragus. The Hebrew expression, however, for “accinctus lumbis,” “girt in the loins,” as explained in the margin of the English version, is understood by Jewish lexicographers to designate the greyhound, and is so rendered in the English text. But with the learned Bochart (Præfat. ad Lectorem—wherein he corrects a few errors of the body of his work, and gives his latest and most mature opinions on certain Scriptural difficulties—a part of his writings apparently overlooked by modern annotators, to the farther propagation of error) I should rather understand the horse to be the animal alluded to—“equum intelligi malim, qui non solùm expeditè, sed et superbè, et cura pompâ quâdam incedit: et lumbos habet cingulâ vel zonâ verè succinctos. Quod an de cane dici possit valdè ambigo.” After all, perhaps, no particular animal may have been intended by the son of Jakeh. The term may have a general reference to any animal of the frame alluded to—“substricta gerens—ilia—”. The chapter containing the passage in question is not found in the Septuagint; indeed the Greek version of the LXX. terminates with the 29th chapter.

[4]

[Sidenote: Themistii Orat. +xxvii.+]

In the 27th oration of Themistius, the eclectic philosopher of Paphlagonia, a passage occurs, which, as far as merely mentioning Celtic dogs by name, may be said to prolong the notice to the fourth century. The whole passage, as illustrative of the author’s subject, “_non loca attendenda sed homines_,” is curious and worthy of citation—ὅστις δὲ ἀγαπᾷ κύνας, τούτῳ προσφιλὲς μὲν κτῆμα, καὶ Κέλται, καὶ Λάκαιναι σκύλακες· δάκνει δὲ αὐτὸν καὶ τὸ Καστορίδων φύλον, καὶ τὸ Ἀρκαδικὸν αὐτὸ, καὶ τὸ Κρητικὸν, αἷς φύσις τῶν θηρίων ἐλέγχειν τὰς εὐνὰς κατὰ τὴν ὁδὸν ἐπισπομέναις. οὐ παρόψεται δὲ οὐδὲ τὰς οἴκοι σκυλακευθείσας, εἰ μήτε κάλλους ἐκείνων μήτε ὠκύτητος λείποιντο. In favour of the greyhound being here cited, it may be remarked that the Bithynian courser calls the Celtic dog μέγα κτῆμα (cap. +xxxii.+) and his shape καλόν τι χρῆμα, and derives his name ἀπὸ τῆς ὠκύτητος, as the characteristic distinction of the race. See some remarks on the “Canes Scotici” of Symmachus hereafter.

[5] The Cynosophium alone, a Greek work “de Curâ Canum,” breaks the silence of many centuries. It is supposed to have been compiled, about the year 1270, by Demetrius of Constantinople, author of the first treatise “de Re Accipitrariâ,” and physician to the Emperor Michael Palæologus. To what is borrowed from the two Xenophons, nothing is added of novelty or interest, save in the department of canine pathology; indeed it is almost entirely confined to kennel-management and therapeutics. No notice is taken of any variety of dog by name. The reader, who may wish to consult its medical nostrums, will find the treatise attached to the “Rei Accipitrariæ Scriptores” of Rigaltius (Lutetiæ +mdcxii.+) and to the “Poetæ Venatici” of Johnson (Londini +mdcxcix.+).

[6]

[Sidenote: Warton’s Engl. Poetry, V. +ii.+ 221.]

The =Crafte of Hontyng= is supposed to be a version by Gyfford from a more ancient work by Twety or Twici—“Le art de Venerie le quel Maistre Guillaiue Twici Venour le Roy d’Angleterre fist en son temps per aprandre autres.” The greyhound is mentioned fol. 4. =of blowing=. “Whañ a mañ hath set up archerys and greyhoundes, and the beest be founde and passe out the boundys, and myne houndes aftir,” &c.

[7] These instructions were written for Henry Prince of Wales, afterwards Henry V.

[8]

[Sidenote: Scott’s Sir Tristrem.]

The “Morte Arthur” tells us, that “Tristrem laboured ever in hunting and hawking, so that we never read of no gentleman more that so used himself therein,” &c. and in the rich poetry of Spenser, the knight informs Sir Calidore,

my most delight hath always been To hunt the salvage chace, amongst my peers, Of all that rangeth in the forest green, Of which none is to me unknown, that ever yet was seen.

[9]

[Sidenote: Biograph. Brit. note, Caxton, p. 367.]

The Biographia Britannica is amusingly severe in its strictures on the renowned Mrs. Barnes, and her incongruous occupations in the field and cloister. “There appears such a motley masquerade—such an indistinctness of petticoat and breeches,—such a problem and concorporation of sexes, according to the image that arises out of the several representations of this religious sportswoman or virago, that one can scarcely consider it, without thinking Sir Tristram, the old monkish forester, and Juliana, the matron of the nuns, had united to confirm John Cleveland’s ‘Canonical Hermaphrodite.’”

[10] Should the reader meet with any extracts from the Compendium in the subsequent annotations, they are to be received on the authority of Conrad Gesner, from whose “Historia Quadrupedum” they are selected. The same learned work has afforded the few parallel passages adduced from Albertus Magnus, Belisarius, and Tardif. For all others the translator is himself answerable, having culled them from the original sources, and generally from the most approved editions.

[11]

[Sidenote: Alb. Dianæ &c. L. +iv.+ p. 52.]

Innuba, qui pariter cœlebs, duo numina cultu Assiduo colit, Artemidem junxitque Minervæ, Carus utrique Deæ Savary, quem sedula semper Investigandi leporis tenet ultima cura.

[12]

[Sidenote: Symmachi Epist. L. +ii.+ Epist. 77.]

[Sidenote: See the Appendix Class +iii.+]

[Sidenote: Cotton. Mss. Tiber. B. +v.+]

The date of the greyhound’s introduction into these islands is with difficulty ascertained. If the “septem Scoticorum canum oblatio” of Flavian, wherewith he graced the Quæstor’s spectacle of his brother Symmachus at Rome, be really coarse varieties of the Celtic type, as supposed by Christopher Wase, this hound must have been found here as early as the reign of Theodosius. Indeed Hector Boethius and Holinshed place him amongst us at an earlier period: nor is it improbable that he originally accompanied the Scoto-Celts from the continent of Europe at their primary irruption into Ireland and Scotland. We have evidence of his being an inmate of the Anglo-Saxon kennels in the days of Elfric, Duke of Mercia; and manuscriptal paintings have descended to us of a Saxon chieftain and his huntsman, attended by a brace of greyhounds, of the date of the 9th century—the earliest representation which I have seen of this hound as connected with British field-sports.

[13] Contained in his work entitled “Countrey Contentments.” In addition to which, “The Countrey Farme,” by the same author, a compilation from the French, will be read with amusement.

[14]

[Sidenote: Oppian Halieut. +i.+ vs. 28.]

Τερπωλὴ δ’ ἕπεται θήρῃ πλέον ἠέπερ ἱδρώς.

[Sidenote: Vlitii Venatio Novantiqua.]

Coursing has ever been held an honourable and gentlemanly amusement in Great Britain, from its earliest annals to the present time. Nor can I discover any authority for the truth of Vlitius’s opinion, as given in his note on the Veltraha of Gratius. “Ne ideò Vertragis suis sagaces posthabeat ille Xenophon: nam hodiè in Angliâ sagaces nobilissimi quique exercent; Vertrago autem leporem conficere, indignum benè nato parum abest quin habeatur.” Such never was the opinion entertained of “greyhound hunting,” in King James’s phrase:—indeed the farther we go back into the history of the leash, the higher it ranked in the scale of British field-sports. See the “Constitutiones Canuti Regis de forestâ”—and Blount’s Ancient Tenures passim, for instances of the high repute in which the courser’s hound has ever been held in Great Britain.

[15] The reader will be amused with Simon Latham’s epilogue to the third edition of his “Faulconry,” wherein he combats (for he wrote in ticklish times, 1658) with his usual quaintness of style and illustration, the notion of the sinfulness of rural sports: inferring that they may “be lawfully and conscientiously used with moderation by a magistrate or minister, or lawyer or student, or any other seriously employed, which in any function heat their brains, waste their bodies, weaken their strength, weary their spirits; that as a means (and blessing from God) by it their decayed strength may be restored, their vital and animal spirits quickened, refreshed, and revived, their health preserved, and they better enabled (as a bow unbended for shooting) to the discharging of their weighty charges imposed upon them.”

[16] Aristot. de Polit. L. +i.+ c. +v.+ plato de legibus l. +vii.+ Xenophon. Cyropæd. L. +i.+ c. +v.+ l. +viii.+ c. +xii.+ respub. lacedæm. c. +iii.+ cyneget. c. +i.+ +xii.+ +xiii.+ Polybius Hist. L. +xxxi.+ jul. pollux onomast. l. +v.+ Præfat. Commodo.—Cicero de Nat. D. L. +ii.+ de officiis l. +i.+ horat. l. +i.+ epist. +xviii.+ virgil. æneid. l. +vii.+ +ix.+ Seneca de Provid. c. +ii.+ plinii panegyr. traj. d.—justin. hist. epit. l. +xxxvii.+ Symmach. Epist. L. +v.+ Ep. 66.

It will be readily ceded that the amatory expostulation of Sulpitia to her dear Cherinthus,

[Sidenote: Tibulli Eleg. L. +iv.+ 3.]

Sed procul abducit venandi devia cura O pereant sylvæ, deficiantque canes! Quis furor est, quæ mens, densos indagine colles Claudentem teneras lædere velle manus? Quidve juvat furtim latebras intrare ferarum, Candidaque hamatis crura notare rubis?

and the epistle of Ausonius to the ruralist Theon,

[Sidenote: Ausonii Epist. +iv.+ 39.]

Sed tu parce feris venatibus, et fuge nota Crimina sylvarum: ne sis Cinyreïa proles, Accedasque iterùm Veneri plorandus Adonis;

are too jocular to place Tibullus and the poet of Bourdeaux on the side of the Catilinarian historian.

[17] The plaintive poet of “The Task,” B. +iii.+ has seemingly borrowed from Agrippa’s page the memorable crimination of the hunter’s pursuit:

[Sidenote: Cowper’s The Garden.]

Detested sport, That owes its pleasures to another’s pain; That feeds upon the sobs and dying shrieks Of harmless nature, &c.

[18]

[Sidenote: J. Lipsii Saturnal. Sermon. L. +i.+ c. 7.]

I purposely omit all notice of the “Venatio Amphitheatralis,” or “V. in arenâ” of ancient Rome; of which Tertullian, Augustin, Chrysostom, and the Christian Cicero, Lactantius, have written with merited reprobation. “Cum viderent pietatis damno, addictum devinctumque populum his ludis; passim invecti in eos, ut libidinis, sævitiæque fontes; et bene illi.” Not a word can be advanced in palliation of these brutal outrages of humanity,

[Sidenote: Prudentius.]

illa Amphitheatralis spectacula tristia pompæ!

[Sidenote: Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage, c. +iv.+]

[Sidenote: Cyprian. ad Donatum.]

wherein man was “butcher’d to make a Roman holiday”—“Homo occiditur ad hominis voluptatem.” With this monstrous variety of Venatio, so called κατ’ ἐξοχὴν, and recorded as such with horror, we have nothing to do; with its abettors under any qualified form, the modern frequenters of the cock-pit or bear-garden, the heroes of a bull-bait, and patrons of mercenary pugilists, the rivals of the “municipalis arenæ perpetui comites” of Juvenal’s days, we have no sentiments in common. We have hailed with exultation the victory already effectuated, or in course of gradual achievement, over the ferocious barbarities of the amphitheatre, and the semi-pagan cruelties of more modern spectacles—a victory that is attempering the pastimes of the English people to the religion and morality of the age; and we sincerely deplore the existence of the θεάτρον κυνηγετικὸν of Dio, under any modification, in any part of the civilized world.

[Sidenote: Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage, c. +i.+ s. 68.]

The Sabbath comes, a day of blessed rest; What hallows it upon this Christian shore? Lo! it is sacred to a solemn feast: Hark! heard you not the forest monarch’s roar? Crashing the lance, he snuffs the spouting gore Of man and steed, o’erthrown beneath his horn; The throng’d arena shakes with shouts for more; Yells the mad crowd o’er entrails freshly torn, Nor shrinks the female eye, nor ev’n affects to mourn.

[Sidenote: K. Henry VI. Pt. +ii.+ act +ii.+ sc. 1.]

Let Christianity transfuse its lenient spirit into all our sports, and instead of the amphitheatrical entertainments, and barbarian amusements of infidels, let us have such as are congenial to the humanity of Christians. Let us be the champions of rational recreation, not of brutal gratification;—the friends of man, and not unnecessarily the enemies of inferior animals;—spectators in our temperate and innocent diversions of the dog’s innate faculties and prowess for the seizure of the destined animals of the chase—“to see how God in all his creatures works,” and witnesses of “the curious search or conquest of one beast over another, persued by a naturall instinct of enmitie;—” how

[Sidenote: Rokeby, c. +iii.+ 1.]

The slow hound wakes the fox’s lair, The greyhound presses on the hare;

but not hostile instigators of canine ferocity to the heartless maiming and slaying an unnatural prey—a species of animal conflict never intended by creative wisdom; and wherein violence is done to natural instinct to minister to man’s unhallowed sport.

[19]

[Sidenote: H. C. Agrippæ de Vanitate &c. c. +lxxvii.+]

Cui dum nimium insistunt, ipsi abjectâ humanitate feræ efficiuntur, morumque prodigiosâ perversitate, tanquam Actæon mutantur in naturam belluarum.

[20]

[Sidenote: Βασιλικὸν Δῶρον, B. +iii.+]

“In using either of these games observe that moderation,” says King James to Prince Henry, “that ye slip not therewith the houres appointed for your affaires, which ye ought ever precisely to keepe; remembering that these games are but ordained for you, in enabling you for your office, for the which ye are ordained,” &c.

[21]

[Sidenote: J. Firmici Astronomic. L. +v.+ c. +viii.+]

According to the decisions of judicial astrology in casting nativities, Julius Firmicus remarks that the following personages, “equorum nutritores, accipitrum, falconum, cæterarumque avium, quæ ad aucupia pertinent, similiter et Molossorum, Vertagrorum, et qui sunt ad venationes accomodati,” being born when the planet Venus is in Aquarius, are incapable of application to any more laudable pursuit than hunting and hawking.

[22]

[Sidenote: De Incert. et Vanit. &c. c. +lxxvii.+]

The chasseurs of Agrippa’s days, laical and clerical, were equally reprehensible. From the Thebans, this literary Timonist tells us, the worst of men, Venation passed to the Trojans, not much better, and thence to Greece and Rome, brutalizing the inhabitants of the earth in its progress—“Tandem hæc exercitia in se reverâ servilia et mechanica eo usque evecta sunt, ut positis quibusque liberalibus studiis, hodie prima nobilitatis elementa atque progressus sint, illis ducibus ad summum gradum perveniatur: hodieque ipsa regum et principum vita, ipsa etiam (proh dolor!) abbatum, episcoporum, cæterorumque ecclesiæ præfectorum religio, tota inquam venatio est,” &c.

[23]

[Sidenote: La Fauconnerie de Messire Arthelouche de Alagona.]

The disastrous casualties that have befallen divers of the worshipful but rash disciples of Chiron and his compeers are recorded _in terrorem_ by a Sicilian amateur of falconry. Will the timid courser venture to mount his “smart hack or Zetland shelty,” after reading the following summary of these fatalities? “Meleager en perdit la vie, pour la victoire rapportée sur le sanglier de Calidoine. Le bel Adonis fut tiré par un sanglier. Actéon fut dévoré de ses propres chiens. Cephale y tua sa chère Procris, et Acaste en fut interdict, ayant occis le fils du Roy qui luy avoit esté donné en charge, comme fut Brutus pour avoir tué son père Sylvius par mesgarde. Un Empereur fut occis par la beste qu’il poursuivoit. Un Roy en courant à la chasse se cassa le col en tombant de cheval.” The legitimacy of the inference drawn by Le Conseiller et Chambellan du Roy de Sicile is doubtful—“Que qui craindra ces dangereux effectz qu’il s’adonne à la vollerie, où il trouvera sans doubte plus grand plaisir.” The superior pleasure of the latter is as equivocal as its inferior danger; and pursued to excess, I should think, must share equality of peril and of blame.

24

[Sidenote: Symmachi Epist. Lib. +ix.+ Ep. 28.]

Of Mr. Barnard, who was accustomed to enliven the sedentary pleasures of his intellectual pursuits with the active and salutary recreation of coursing, and to shake off, in Horatian language, “inhumanæ senium ... Camœnæ,” in the company of his greyhounds, on the wolds of Yorkshire, the reader must pardon me, if I speak with the deepest regret. He was indeed, like Maximus the friend and correspondent of Symmachus, “inter sodales Apollinis ac Dianæ, utriusque sectator,” or in the apposite words of Ercole Strozzi,

[Sidenote: Cæsaris Borgiæ Ducis Epicedium.]

sylvæ scius, et scius artis Pieriæ, Phœbo et Phœbæ gratissimus æquè.

But alas! gifted as he was, far beyond the ordinary worshippers of the sylvan goddess, he hath “begun the travel of eternity,”

[Sidenote: Sophoclis Trachin. v. 887.]

βέβηκε ... τὴν πανυστάτην ὁδῶν ἁπασῶν.

The periodical publications of the day have given to the world the mournful tribute of a scholar to his memory: and when the voice of affection hath sung “the deathless praise” of a departed son, that of friendship may be silent. But let it not be supposed that the learning and genius of this accomplished man were confined to the inferior and perishable subjects of the courser’s pursuit. The powers of his talented mind were directed also to the high and heavenly callings of his profession; and among other subjects, to the commemoration in verse and prose, of the saints and martyrs of the Protestant Church. In the words of the Nutricia of Politiano, he was indeed

[Sidenote: Carm. quinque illustr. Poetar. p. 178.]

Felix ingenio, felix cui pectore tantas Instaurare vices, cui fas tam magna capaci Alternare animo, et varias ita nectere curas!

His poetical version of the poems of the younger Flaminio, a celebrated Latinist of the sixteenth century, on which he was engaged till his fatal illness, and the publication of which he fondly anticipated, will add, I trust, to his posthumous fame.

[Sidenote: Pindar. Pyth. +viii.+ 131.]

ἐν δ’ ὀλίγῳ βροτῶν τὸ τερπνὸν αὔξεται· οὕτω δὲ καὶ πιτνεῖ χαμαὶ, ἀποτρόπῳ γνώμᾳ σεσεισμένον. ἐπάμεροι. τί δέ τις; τί δ’ οὔ τις; σκιᾶς ὄναρ ἄνθρωποι.

[Sidenote: Platonis Menexenus.]

As the originator of the Courser’s Stud Book, and the indefatigable compiler of its genealogical tables, (an attempt “multâ deducere virgâ,” to derive “by trees of pedigrees,” as Dryden says, the speed and shape of each celebrated descendant, in the greyhound kennel, from the recorded genealogies and performances of a far-famed ancestry,—ἀγαθοὶ δὲ ἐγένοντο διὰ τὸ φῦναι ἐξ ἀγαθῶν,) the name of Mr. Barnard must be recorded in the annals of coursing with lasting gratitude; notwithstanding the prolegomena of a vicarious editor have occasioned the substitution of a second name on the title-page of the work, after the unexpected death of the original projector:

[Sidenote: Euripidis Hippol. 56.]

οὐ γὰρ οἶδ’ ἀνεῳγμένας πύλας Ἅδου, φάος τε λοίσθιον βλέπων τόδε.

But let us cease this querulous display of individual feeling. Many did not know him; and those who did—his relatives—his friends and correspondents—have felt too much already. And the preface to so trivial a work as a Courser’s Vade-Mecum is not a fit occasion for descanting on the high merits of a Christian scholar; nor is lamentation over the dead a suitable prelude to the entertainment of the living.

[Sidenote: Ejusdem vs. 1456.]

καὶ χαῖρ’· ἐμοὶ γὰρ οὐ θέμις φθιτοὺς ὁρᾷν, οὐδ’ ὄμμα χραίνειν θανασίμοισιν ἐκπνοαῖς.