Part 6

========================================================================= | | | _To_ |_Miles._|_Miles._| _Description._ | | | ----------------------+--------+--------+------------------------------ Forks of Road | 14 | 14 |Right fork to Camps Crittenden | | | and Wallen. Cienega (begins) | 8 | 23 |Water and wood plenty; grass Mescal Ranch | 6 | 29 | scarce. Picket post. Cienega (ends) | | 30 | Water Hole | 8 | 38 |Water in winter; grass plenty; | | | wood scarce. Road forks to | | | left to Tres Alamos. [1]Crossing San Pedro | 12 | 50 |Water and grass; wood scarce. | | | Picket post. Forks of Road to | | |Water plenty at spring; grass Dragoon Springs | 11 | 62 | and wood plenty. Right fork | | | to Dragoon Springs, five | | | miles distant. Forks of Road to | 3 | 65 |Grass plenty; wood scarce; no Camp Bowie | | | water. Right fork to Camp | | | Bowie. Croton Springs | 13 | 78 |Water brackish; grass plenty; | | | wood scarce. Oak Grove | 16 | 94 |Springs: grass and wood plenty. Kennedy’s Wells | 3 | 97 |Water poor; grass and wood | | | plenty. [2]Arivapa Creek | 15 | 113 |Water, except in very dry | | | season; grass and wood plenty. Eureka Springs | 1 | 114 |Grass; wood scarce. Spring | 8 | 122 | [3]Cottonwoods | 8 | 131 |Stream of water; grass and wood | | | plenty. Road hilly. Camp Goodwin | 9 | 140 |Road sandy and down hill. ----------------------+--------+--------+------------------------------

[1] The road from Tucson is over a level mesa till it descends into a cañon, where the Cienega begins. There are several steep hills in the next few miles.

The banks of the San Pedro are high and steep, and about ten yards apart.

[2] In winter it is necessary to take the right fork to avoid Eureka Springs and the Cienega, just beyond it, which are then impassable. This road joins the one by Eureka Springs about a mile beyond the spring.

[3] In summer the creek is dry at this point, but water can always be found by descending the creek half a mile.

Tucson to Camp Bowie, A. T.

========================================================================= | | | _To_ | _Miles._ | _Miles._ | _Description._ | | | ------------------------+----------+----------+-------------------------- Fork to Camp Goodwin | 65 | 65 |Left fork to Camp Goodwin. [1]Junction of Road | | | from Camp Crittenden | 3 | 68 | Sulphur Springs | 12 | 80 |Water brackish; grass and Camp Bowie | 24 | 105 | wood scarce. ------------------------+----------+----------+--------------------------

[1] Half a mile further the road forks to the left, to Camp Goodwin.

The grasses in Arizona nearly all come up from the root, unlike those of California, which grow from the seed. Therefore, in Arizona, if there should be a year without rain, stock would not die of starvation. The nutritious gramma grass does not appear to run to seed at all.

Tucson to Camp Crittenden, A. T.

========================|========|========|============================== _To_ |_Miles._|_Miles._| _Description._ ------------------------|--------|--------|------------------------------ Forks of Road | 14 | 14 |Left fork to Camp Bowie. Davidson’s Spring | 12 | 26 | Camp near Davidson’s | | | Spring | 1 | 28 | Mescal Ranch | 10 | 39 |Left fork to Camp Wallen, Road to Cienegas | 1 | 40 | (abandoned) distance twenty Junction of road from | | | and a half miles. Fine Wallen | 7 | 48 | country, grazing, water, and Camp Crittenden | 2 | 50 | timber in abundance. ------------------------|--------|--------|------------------------------

Tucson (via Tubac) to Camp Crittenden.

========================|========|========|============================== _To_ |_Miles._|_Miles._| _Description._ ------------------------|--------|--------|------------------------------ San Xavier del Bac | 8 | 8 |Settlement of Papagos Indians. | | | Old mission church. La Punta de Agua | 2 | 11 |Ranch. Saurita | 9 | 20 |Ranch. [1]Canoé | 12 | 32 |No water in dry season; grass | | | and wood plenty. Tubac | 13 | 45 |Town. Point of departure for | | | Sopori, Arivaca, Toltec | | | Camps, Aztec District, for | | | Santa Rita Mountains, etc. Calabasas | 12 | 58 |Old Fort Mason. [2]Smith’s Ranch | 3 | 61 | Sonoita | 12 | 74 |Vail’s Ranch. Old Fort Buchanan | 12 | 86 |Water, grass, and wood plenty. Camp Crittenden | 1 | 87 | ------------------------|--------|--------|------------------------------

[1] The left fork crosses the Santa Cruz at Canoé, recrossing the river near Tubac; (the measurement was made on this road). The right fork does not cross the river, and is longer.

[2] Just beyond Smith’s Ranch, take the left fork to Camp Crittenden. The main road goes into Sonora.

Between Tubac and Smith’s Ranch, there are ranches every few miles, with water, grass, and wood.

Between Sonoita and Camp Crittenden, there are several ranches with water and grass, but little wood.

Road to Tubac very hard and smooth; but very rough from there to Crittenden, through Sonoita Cañon.

Camp Crittenden to Camp Bowie, A. T.

========================|========|========|============================== _To_ |_Miles._|_Miles._| _Description._ ------------------------|--------|--------|------------------------------ Forks of Road | 1 | 1 |Left fork to Tucson. Forks of Road | 13 | 14 |Right fork to Santa Cruz. Camp Wallen (abandoned)| 5 | 20 |On Babacomori Creek. [1]San Pedro Crossing | 18 | 38 |Station. Dragoon Springs | 18 | 56 |Water, grass, and wood. [2]Junction with Road | 3 | 60 |Road from Tucson. Sulphur Springs | 12 | 72 |Water brackish; grass and wood Camp Bowie | 25 | 98 | scarce. ------------------------|--------|--------|------------------------------

[1] Left fork leads down the right bank to the middle crossing of the San Pedro River, distance 13.32 miles, thence to Camp Bowie or Tucson.

[2] From this point to Camp Goodwin.

Camp Bowie to Camp Goodwin, A. T.

========================================================================= _To_ |_Miles._|_Miles._| _Description._ --------------------------|--------|--------|-------------------------- [1]Forks of Road | 6 | 6 |Water usually: good grass. | | | Left fork to Tank, half | | | mile distant. Water Holes | 30 | 36 |Water usually; good grass, | | | near forks, on right side | | | of road. First Camp on Gila River. | 27 | 63 |Water; grass scarce. Second Camp on Gila River | 11 | 74 |Water; grass scarce. Camp Goodwin | 14 | 88 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------

[1] The Tank always contains water. The road from the Tank to the Gila is over a grassy plain with no water in dry season, excepting at Water Holes, near the Junction with the old road along the Rio de Sauz. There water is usually found on the right-hand side of the road.

There is another road to Camp Goodwin, via San Simon, (seventeen and a half miles) and thence down the Rio de Sauz, joining the above road at Water Holes, (thirty-one miles) making the distance about eleven miles longer.

Tucson, A. T., to Guaymas, Mexico.

[ESTIMATED.]

========================================================================== _To_ |_Miles._|_Miles._| _Description._ -------------------------|--------|--------|------------------------------ Smith’s Ranch | 61 | 61 |Water and grass; mesquite wood. Los Nogales | 5 | 66 | ” ” Agua Zarca | 15 | 81 | ” ” La Casita | 14 | 96 | ” ” Los Alisos | 8 | 104 | ” ” Imuris | 11 | 115 | ” ” La Magdalena | 11 | 127 | ” ” Santa Ana | 12 | 139 | ” ” Bajorito | 16 | 155 |Wells and grass; mesquite wood. Rancho Querobabi | 23 | 178 |Tanks and grass; mesquite wood. Rancho Tabique | 28 | 206 | ” ” Hacienda de Torreon | 26 | 232 |Water; grass scarce; mesquite | | | wood. Hacienda de La Labor | 2 | 234 | ” ” ” Hacienda del Alamito | 9 | 243 |Water; grass plenty; mesquite | | | wood. Hermosillo | 12 | 255 |Water; no grass; mesquite wood. Rancho de la Parza | 16 | 271 | ” ” ” Rancho de la Palma | 16 | 288 |Tank; grass scarce; mesquite | | | wood. Rancho del Posito | 8 | 296 | ” ” ” Rancho de lo Cienequito | 15 | 312 | ” ” ” Rancho de la Mucho Buéno| 19 | 331 |No water; grass plenty; | | | mesquite wood. Rancho de la Caballo | 9 | 340 |Tank; grass plenty; mesquite | | | wood. Guaymas | 11 | 351 | --------------------------------------------------------------------------

The road from Tucson to Guaymas, except 15 miles south of Calabasas, where it is heavy in wet weather, is one of the finest on the Pacific coast. =Tucson, A. T., to Port La Libertad, Mexico.=

======================================================================== | | | _To_ |Miles.|Miles.|_Description._ | | | --------------------------+------+------+------------------------------- San Xavier del Bac | 8 | 8 |Settlement of Papago Indians. La Punta de Agua | 2 | 11 |Ranch. Sahuarito, (Columbus) | 8 | 19 |Water, grass and wood. Good road. Roade’s Ranch | 8 | 28 | ” ” Los Taraises | 2 | 31 | ” ” Reventon (Kitchen’s Ranch)| 2 | 34 | ” ” Soporio Rancho | 5 | 39 | ” ” Mina Colorado | 11 | 51 | ” ” Arivaca | 7 | 58 | ” ” Los Alamos (Old Arivaca) | 1 | 59 | ” ” Covodepe Cuesta (Mexico) | 6 | 65 | ” ” Spring in bed of Arroyo | 5 | 70 |Water scarce; wood. Good road. Z’Azabe | 8 | 79 |Water, grass and wood. Good road. Charco de los Mesquites | 6 | 86 |No water. Tecalote Trail | | 86 | Charco | 4 | 90 |Water, grass and wood. Rancheria | 2 | 92 |Good grass. Forks of Road | 1 | 93 | Forks of Road | | 93 | Ascent to Mesa | 1 | 94 | Tinaja, (Charco) | 6 | 101 |Water, grass and wood. Los Paredones | 15 | 116 |Water, grass and wood. Good r’d. Jesus Maria | 14 | 130 |Water and wood; grass scarce. | | | Good road. Altar | 8 | 139 |Water and wood; grass scarce. | | | Good road. Dry Arroyo | 4 | 143 |Good road. Road to Zepedas Ranch | 6 | 149 |Good road. Foot of Hill | 2 | 151 |Good hard road. Summit of Hill | 1 | 152 | Pitiquito | 1 | 153 |Water, grass and wood. Good hard | | | road. Cienega & Caborca Ro’d | 7 | 161 |Good hard road. Laguna Mosca | 5 | 166 |No water in dry season; good | | | grass, good hard road. Bajia de Aquituna | 6 | 172 |Wood and grass; no water. Good | | | level road. El Zanjon (dry arroyo) | 2 | 175 |Wood and grass. Good road. Tinaje del Viejo | 7 | 182 |Water. Angostura Pass | 7 | 190 |Water, grass and wood. Good hard | | | road. Picu | 11 | 201 |Water, grass and wood. Good hard | | | road. Pozo de los Cristolas | | 201 | Charco de los Papagos | 1 | 202 | Tinaja del Tule | 4 | 206 |Very little water or grass. Derisadero Prieto | 4 | 211 |Wood; no grass. Good hard road. Point where Gulf is first | | | seen | 1 | 212 | Port of la Libertad | 13 | 226 |Bad road. --------------------------|----------------------------------------------

Heavy blankets are a necessity in Arizona; the nights are always cool, even in the height of the “heated term.” Woolen undergarments are desirable at all times.

Fort Wingate, N. M., to Prescott, A. T., via Camp Verde, A. T.