CHAPTER XII.

MENTAL EVOLUTION.

Is mind evolved from matter? 464 Kinesis and metakinesis 467 Monistic assumptions 470 The nature of ejects 476 The universe as eject 478 Metakinetic environment of mind 481 Conceptual ideas not subject to natural selection 483 Elimination through incongruity 486 Interneural evolution 490 Interpretations of nature 492 Can fetishism have had a natural genesis? 493 The origin of interneural variations 496 Are acquired variations inherited? 497 Summary and conclusion 501

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

FIG. PAGE

Kentish Plover with Eggs and Young: Frontispiece 1. Spiracles and Air-tubes of Cockroach 3 2. Gills of Mussel 4 3. A Cell greatly magnified 11 4. Am[oe]ba 12 5. Egg-cell and Sperm-cell 13 6. Diagram of Circulation 23 7. Protozoa 38 8. Hydra Virides 43 9. Aurelia: Life-cycle 45 10. Liver-Fluke--Embryonic Stages 47 11. Diagram of Development 51 12. Wing of Bat (Pipistrelle) 64 13. Variations of the Noctule 67 14. Variations of the Long-eared Bat 68 15. Variations of the Pipistrelle 69 16. Variations of the Whiskered Bat 70 17. Variations adjusted to the Standard of the Noctule 73 18. Caterpillar of a Moth on an Oak Spray 85 19. Locust resembling a Leaf 86 20. Mimicry of Bees by Flies 91 21. Egg and Hen 141 22. Stag-Beetles 180 23. Tactile Corpuscules 247 24. Touch-hair of Insect 248 25. Taste-buds of Rabbit 250 26. Antennule of Crayfish 259 27. Diagram of Ear 263 28. Tail of Mysis 266 29. Leg of Grasshopper 266 30. Diagram of Semicircular Canals 270 31. The Human Eye 274 32. Retina of the Eye 274 33. Variation in the Limits of Colour-vision 281 34. Pineal Eye 288 35. Skull of Melanerpeton 288 36. Eyes and Eyelets of Bee 289 37. Eye of Fly 290 38. Diagram of Mosaic Vision 291 39. Direction-retina 295 40. Antennary Structures of Hymenoptera 297

ANIMAL LIFE AND INTELLIGENCE.