part 3). The following extract from a paper, by M. Oscar Montelius,

on the Sculptured Rocks of Sweden, is of interest as bearing on this point:--

"_La fréquence de la roue_ ou du cercle crucifère (Fig. 11) et _l'absence totale de la croix gammée_ (Fig. 12). Toutes deux sont, sans doute, des symboles religieux. La première (Fig. 11) qui se trouve très-souvent sur les monuments de l'âge du bronze, est presque totalement inconnue pendant l'âge du fer. La croix gammée (Fig. 12), au contraire, est très-fréquente pendant ce dernier âge; je ne l'ai jamais vue sur les rochers sculptés dont nous parlons à présent."--_Compte-Rendu_, Congres Inter. d'Anthrop. et d'Arch. Préhistorique, 7ᵐᵉ Session, 1874, Tom. i. pp. 459, 460.

See also Dr. Schliemann's works on the excavations at Troy and Mycenæ, where both these symbols are referred to as of frequent occurrence. In Dr. Schliemann's more recent work on Troy or "Ilios," an interesting account of the meaning and prevalence of this symbol among all nations is given.

It is found on some of the sculptured stones of Scotland. On a slab of greywacke from Craignarget, Gillespie, Glenluce, now deposited in the National Museum, Edinburgh, there is a cross on the upper part, with the sun and moon in the usual position above the arms, and two small crosses underneath, and below them a fylfot or swastika, together with cup-marks and concentric circles and various other devices. (See woodcut page 251, vol. iii. _Proceed. Soc. Antiq. Scot._, new series.)

It also occurs on the famous Newton stone, along with two inscriptions, one of which is written in "Roman minuscular letters of an exceedingly debased form," and the other in Ogham characters, as well as on several other monuments of Christian time.

According to Dr. Joseph Anderson, although of Pagan origin, the fylfot has become a Christian symbol from the fourth to the fourteenth or fifteenth century.--(_Scotland in Early Christian Times_, vol. ii. p. 218.)

It is seen also in a mosaic pavement in the recently explored Roman villa in the Isle of Wight. (See Report by Cornelius Nicholson, F.G.S.)]

[Footnote 28: See Nathusius, _Schweineschädel_, 1864, p. 147; Rütimeyer, _Basel. Gesell. Naturforscher_, 1864, p. 161; Naumann, _Archiv für Anthrop._ viii. p. 23, 1875; Stüder, _Zürich. Mittheilung., Pfahlbauten_, 1876, xix. 3, p. 67.]

[Footnote 29: For reference to the bibliography of prehistoric Swine, see _Linnean Soc. Trans._, ser. ii., Zool. vol. i. 1877, p. 272.]

[Footnote 30: For reference to the history of this variety of sheep, see _British Barrows_, p. 740.]